james keefer ms lpc ncgc 604 wilson street martinsburg, west virginia 25401
DESCRIPTION
I Pathological Gambling ◦ 1 Preoccupied with gambling ◦ 2 Tolerance ◦ 3 Repeated unsuccessful attempts to control, cut back or stop gambling ◦ 4 Restless or irritable when attempting to cut down or stop gambling ◦ 5 Gambles as a way of escaping from problems or relieving dysphoric mood ◦ 6 Chasing losses CONT’DTRANSCRIPT
Gambling, Motivations, and Hard Times
James Keefer MS LPC NCGC604 Wilson Street
Martinsburg, West Virginia 25401
ALL THINGS IN MODERATION
I Pathological Gambling◦1 Preoccupied with gambling◦2 Tolerance◦3 Repeated unsuccessful attempts to control, cut back or stop gambling
◦4 Restless or irritable when attempting to cut down or stop gambling
◦5 Gambles as a way of escaping from problems or relieving dysphoric mood
◦6 Chasing losses CONT’D
DIAGNOSTIC AND STATISTICAL MANUAL DSM IV 2000
◦7 Lies to family members, therapists about gambling
◦8 Has committed illegal acts such as forgery, fraud, theft, or embezzlement to finance gambling
◦9 Has jeopardized or lost a significant relationship, job, or educational career opportunity because of gambling
◦10 Relies on others to provide money to relieve a desperate financial situation caused by gambling
DSM IV-TR
Shadow Syndromes
and Comorbidity
There are over 300 different manifestations of mental illness (Medical News Today, 2004).
Each disorder has a number of criteria that an individual has to have to receive that diagnosis.
The diagnosis of Generalized Anxiety Disorder lists 6 criteria, but you need a minimum of 3 symptoms for the diagnosis.
Definitions – Shadow Syndromes and Comorbidity
SITUATION - An individual with a Pathological Gambling Diagnosis, that also has 3 or more of the criteria for GAD, could have a dual diagnosis, also known as (aka) comorbid diagnosis.
• If they have less than 3 symptoms it might represent a shadow syndrome (Boudreadu & Shaffer, 2009).
[see next page for visual example].
Definitions – Shadow Syndromes and Comorbidity con’
Symptoms GAD: Restlessness Easily fatigued Difficulty concentrating Irritability Muscle tension Sleep disturbances (American Psychiatric Association, 2003)
Definitions – Shadow Syndromes and Comorbidity con’
What would happen if…?
Definitions – Shadow Syndromes and Comorbidity con’ d
+GA + +
+ -Bipolar-Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder-Dissociative Disorder
Caution – We are still under construction – where do we go from here?
Indecision may or may not be my problem. (Jimmy Buffett, nd.)
Diagnoses are important and helpful in
Understanding the range of behavioral
influences.
However, they are somewhat artificial and
sometimes we just don’t know what is
going on! We sometimes fly by the seat
of our pants.
Tell me why I gamble and then I will stop.
?
Motivations to gamble
Theories of Addiction
Brain Reward Dopaminergic System Frequently similar to theories of drug and alcohol theories
Emotions,beliefs.
behaviors
Negative
Positive
InternalLocus ofControl
ExternalLocus ofControl
Neutral
Ownership of theproblemTo be humbledFlexibilityPersonal choiceBy facing weaknessesYou find your Strength
Life'sproblems,good times,and goals!
Life'sproblems,good times,and goals!
Faulty attributionsBlamingRationalizingBeyond my reach-victimDenialGive your strength away
Locus of Control
References Brainy Quote. (2012) Indecision quotes. Retrieved from: http://www.brainyquote.com
Medical News Today. (2004). How many mental disorders are there? Retrieved from: http://www.medicalnewstoday.com