japanese musical instrument

7/24/2019 Japanese Musical Instrument

1/7

The shamisenor samisen( ?,

literally "three strings"), also

called sangen( ?, literally "three

strings"), is a three-stringed,

Japanese musical instrumentderived

from the Chinese instrument sanxian.

It is played ith a plectrumcalled

a bachi.

TheJapanese pronunciation is usually "shamisen" !ut sometimes "amisen" hen

used as a su#x(e.g.,Tsugaru-amisen).$%&(In estern Japan, and often in 'do-period

sources, it is sometimes "samisen.")

Thebiwa( ?)is aJapaneseshort-

neced frettedlute, often used in narrative

storytelling. Thebiwais the chosen

instrument ofenten, goddess of music,

elo*uence, poetry, and education

inuddhism.

It arrived inJapanin to forms. +ince that

time, the num!er of !ia types has morethan *uadrupled. uilds supporting !ia players, particularly the !ia hoshi, helped

proliferate !ia musical development for hundreds of years.ia

hshiperformances overlapped ith performances !y other !ia players many

years !efore heiyoo and continued until today. This overlap resulted in a rapid
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Installing_Japanese_character_setshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Installing_Japanese_character_setshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_instrumenthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanxianhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plectrumhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bachihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_pronunciationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rendakuhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rendakuhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsugaru-jamisenhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shamisen#cite_note-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Installing_Japanese_character_setshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lutehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benzaitenhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhismhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biwa_h%C5%8Dshihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biwa_h%C5%8Dshihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Installing_Japanese_character_setshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_instrumenthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanxianhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plectrumhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bachihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_pronunciationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rendakuhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rendakuhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsugaru-jamisenhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shamisen#cite_note-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Installing_Japanese_character_setshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lutehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benzaitenhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhismhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biwa_h%C5%8Dshihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biwa_h%C5%8Dshihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Installing_Japanese_character_sets


2/7

evolution of the !ia and its usage and made it one of the most popular

instruments in Japan.

Thekoky(?)/ is a

traditional Japanesestring instrument,the only one played ith a!o.0lthough it as introduced to JapanfromChinaalong ith theshamisen,its material, shape, and sound areuni*ue to Japan$clarifcation needed&. Theinstrument also exists inan1inaanversion, calledkch(

?)in the1inaanlanguage.

The instrument is similar in

construction to theshamisen,appearing lie a smaller version of

that instrument. It is 23 cm (45

inches) tall, ith a nec made

ofe!onyand a hollo !ody made ofcoconutorStyrax japonicaood, covered on

!oth ends ith cat sin (or snaesin in 1inaa). It has three (or, more rarely, four)

strings and is played upright, ith the horsetail-strung !o ru!!ing against the

strings. In central Japan, thekokyas formerly used as an integral part of

thesankyokuensem!le, along ith thekotoandshamisen, !ut !eginning in the

43th century theshakuhachimost often plays the role previously 6lled !y

thekoky.

The koto(Japanese7 ) is a

traditionalJapanesestringedmusical

instrumentsimilar to the Chinese8heng,

the 9ongolianyatga, the:oreangayageum,

and the ;ietnameseaulonia tomentosa). They have %? strings that are

strung over %? mova!le !ridgesalong the idth of the instrument, and there is also
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E5%BC%93https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Installing_Japanese_character_setshttps://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E5%BC%93https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/String_instrumenthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bow_(music)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shamisenhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarifyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarifyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarifyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okinawahttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=K%C5%ABch%C5%8D&action=edit&redlink=1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Installing_Japanese_character_setshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okinawan_languagehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okinawan_languagehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shamisenhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebonyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coconuthttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Styrax_japonica&action=edit&redlink=1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sankyokuhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koto_(musical_instrument)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shamisenhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shakuhachihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_languagehttps://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E7%AE%8Fhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/String_instrumenthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_instrumenthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_instrumenthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guzhenghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongoliahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yatgahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koreahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gayageumhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%C3%A0n_tranhhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koto_(instrument)#cite_note-britannica-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paulownia_tomentosahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bridge_(instrument)https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E5%BC%93https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Installing_Japanese_character_setshttps://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E5%BC%93https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/String_instrumenthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bow_(music)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shamisenhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarifyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okinawahttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=K%C5%ABch%C5%8D&action=edit&redlink=1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Installing_Japanese_character_setshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okinawan_languagehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okinawan_languagehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shamisenhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebonyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coconuthttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Styrax_japonica&action=edit&redlink=1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sankyokuhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koto_(musical_instrument)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shamisenhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shakuhachihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_languagehttps://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E7%AE%8Fhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/String_instrumenthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_instrumenthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_instrumenthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_instrumenthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guzhenghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongoliahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yatgahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koreahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gayageumhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%C3%A0n_tranhhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koto_(instrument)#cite_note-britannica-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paulownia_tomentosahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bridge_(instrument)


3/7

a %2-string otovariant. >layers can adust the string pitches !y moving the hite

!ridges !efore playing. To play the instrument, the strings are pluced using three

6nger pics, otherise non as plectra (on thum!, index 6nger, and middle

6nger), to pluc the strings.$4&

The shinobue(ani7 @ also

called tae!ue (ani7 )) in the context of

Japanese traditional arts) is

aJapanesetransverse Auteorfuethat has a high-

pitched sound. It is found

in hayashiand nagautaensem!les, and plays

important roles in nohand a!uitheatre music.

It is heard in +hintomusic such as agura-

denand in traditional Japanese fol songs. Thereare to styles7 uta (song) and hayashi(festival).

The uta is properly tuned to the Bestern scale,

and can !e played in ensem!les or as

a soloinstrument. The hayashi is not in the correct pitch, !ecause it is simply a

piece of hollo !am!ooith holes cut into it. It emits a very high-pitched sound,

and is appropriate for the festivalfol musicof Japan. oth shino!ue Autesplay a

very important role in the Japanese theater.

Thesh( ?)is a Japanesefree reedmusical

instrumentthat as introduced from China during

theDara period(0E 2%3 to 2FG). It is modeled on the

Chinesesheng, although theshtends to !e smaller

in si8e. It consists of %2 slender!am!oopipes, each of

hich is 6tted in its !ase ith a metal free reed. To

of the pipes are silent, although research suggests

that they ere used in some music during theHeian

period.

The instruments sound is said to imitate the call of

aphoenix, and it is for this reason that the to silent

pipes of theshare eptas an aesthetic element,

maing to symmetrical "ings". Kie the

Chinesesheng, the pipes are tuned carefully ith a

drop of ax. 0s moisture collected in thesh's pipes

prevents it from sounding, performers can !e seen

arming the instrument over a small charcoal !ra8ier hen they are not playing.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/17-string_kotohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koto_(instrument)#cite_note-credoreference.com-2https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanjihttps://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E7%AF%A0%E7%AC%9Bhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanjihttps://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E7%AB%B9%E7%AC%9Bhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transverse_flutehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hayashi_(music)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagautahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nohhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabukihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shintohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kagurahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kagurahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_scalehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solo_(music)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_instrumenthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitch_(music)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bamboohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musichttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluteshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theaterhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Installing_Japanese_character_setshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_reed_aerophonehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_instrumenthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_instrumenthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nara_periodhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheng_(instrument)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bamboohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heian_periodhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heian_periodhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenix_(mythology)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheng_(instrument)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/17-string_kotohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koto_(instrument)#cite_note-credoreference.com-2https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanjihttps://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E7%AF%A0%E7%AC%9Bhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanjihttps://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E7%AB%B9%E7%AC%9Bhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transverse_flutehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hayashi_(music)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagautahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nohhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabukihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shintohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kagurahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kagurahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_scalehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solo_(music)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_instrumenthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitch_(music)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bamboohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musichttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluteshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theaterhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Installing_Japanese_character_setshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_reed_aerophonehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_instrumenthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_instrumenthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_instrumenthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nara_periodhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheng_(instrument)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bamboohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heian_periodhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heian_periodhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heian_periodhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenix_(mythology)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheng_(instrument)


4/7

The instrument produces sound hen the players !reath is inhaled or exhaled,

alloing long periods of uninterrupted play. Theshis one of the three

primaryoodindinstruments used ingagau, Japans imperial court music. Its

traditional playing techni*ue ingagakuinvolves the use of tone

clusterscalledaitake( ), hich move gradually from one to the other, providing

accompaniment to the melody.

The tonori (L) is a pluced string instrument

played !y the 0inu peopleof Hoaid, northern Japan

and +ahalin. It generally has 6ve strings, hich are

not stopped or fretted!ut simply played "open".

$%&The instrument is !elieved to have !een developed

in +ahalin.$citation needed& y the %F23s the

instrument as practically extinct, !ut is experiencing

a revival along ith the increased interest in 0inu

heritage.$%&$4
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodwindhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gagakuhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tone_clustershttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tone_clustershttps://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%90%88%E7%AB%B9https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Installing_Japanese_character_setshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ainu_peoplehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hokkaid%C5%8Dhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sakhalinhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fret_(music)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_string_(music)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonkori#cite_note-Tokita2008-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonkori#cite_note-Tokita2008-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonkori#cite_note-2https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodwindhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gagakuhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tone_clustershttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tone_clustershttps://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%90%88%E7%AB%B9https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Installing_Japanese_character_setshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ainu_peoplehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hokkaid%C5%8Dhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sakhalinhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fret_(music)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_string_(music)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonkori#cite_note-Tokita2008-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonkori#cite_note-Tokita2008-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonkori#cite_note-2


5/7

The konghou(Chinese7 @ pinyin7 nghMu) is an

ancient Chinese harp. The onghou, also non

as anhou,$citation needed& ent extinct sometime inthe 9ing Eynasty. It has !een revived in the 43th

century as a dou!le !ridge harp@ the modern version of

the instrument does not resem!le the ancient one, !ut

its shape is similar to Bestern concert harps.

Taiko( ?)are a !road range

ofJapanesepercussioninstrume

nts. InJapanese, the term refers

to any ind of drum, !ut outside

Japan, it is used to refer to any

of the various Japanese drums

calledwadaiko( "Japanese

drums")and to the form of

ensem!le taio drumming more

speci6cally calledkumi-daiko(

"set o drums"). The process of constructing taio varies !eteen

manufacturers, and preparation of !oth the drum !ody and sin can tae several

years depending on methodology.

Taio have a mythological origin inJapanese follore, !ut historical records suggest

that taio ere introduced to Japan through :orean and Chinese cultural inAuence

as early as the Nth century C'. +ome taio are similar to instruments originating

from India. 0rchaeological evidence also supports that taio ere present in Japan

during the Nth century in the:ofun period. Their function has varied throughhistory, ranging from communication, military action, theatrical accompaniment,

and religious ceremony to !oth festival and concert performances. In modern times,

taio have also played a central role in social movements for minorities !oth ithin

and outside Japan.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_languagehttps://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E7%AE%9C%E7%AF%8Chttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinyinhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harphttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming_Dynastyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harphttps://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%BC%93https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Installing_Japanese_character_setshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Japanese_musical_instrumentshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percussionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_languagehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_folklorehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kofun_periodhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_languagehttps://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E7%AE%9C%E7%AF%8Chttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinyinhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harphttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming_Dynastyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harphttps://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%BC%93https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Installing_Japanese_character_setshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Japanese_musical_instrumentshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percussionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_languagehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_folklorehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kofun_period


6/7

Thehichiriki( ?)is adou!le

reedJapaneseue(Aute) used as one of to

main melodic instruments in

Japanesegagakumusic, the other !eing

theryteki. Thehichirikiis di#cult to play,

due in part to its dou!le reed con6guration.0lthough a dou!le reed instrument lie

theo!oe, thehichirikihas a

cylindrical!oreand thus its sound is similar

to that of a clarinet. >itch and ornamentation

(most nota!ly !ending tones) are controlled

largely ith theem!ouchure. Thehichirikiis one of the "sacred" instruments and is

often heard !eing played at+hintoeddings in Japan. Its sound is often descri!ed

as haunting.$%&$4&

Thehichirikiis the most idely used of all instruments ingagakuand it is used in all

forms of music aside from poetry recitation.

Thehichirikiis derived from the Chineseguanorbili, and is also related to the

:oreanpiri.
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E7%AF%B3%E7%AF%A5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Installing_Japanese_character_setshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_reedhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_reedhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gagakuhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ry%C5%ABtekihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oboehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bore_(wind_instruments)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embouchurehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shintohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hichiriki#cite_note-japantimes-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hichiriki#cite_note-firstvoice-2https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guan_(instrument)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pirihttps://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E7%AF%B3%E7%AF%A5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Installing_Japanese_character_setshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_reedhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_reedhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_reedhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gagakuhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ry%C5%ABtekihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oboehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bore_(wind_instruments)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embouchurehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shintohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hichiriki#cite_note-japantimes-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hichiriki#cite_note-firstvoice-2https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guan_(instrument)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piri


7/7

japanese musical instrument

Documents