JAZZ

Spirituals, Gospel, & Blues

• What are the musical characteristics of spirituals, gospel, and blues music?

•What is the form of blues music?

•How do I create and perform

lyrics to a blues melody?

http://teacher.scholastic.com/activities/bhistory/history_of_jazz.htm

Join us in learning more about the history of jazz from its birth in New Orleans, Louisiana, to the music we hear on the radio today.  

Did you know that jazz was born in the United States?

Did you know that the drum set was invented by jazz musicians?

Did you know that the word "cool" and "hip" were originally jazz terms?

Describe the different styles

of JAZZ and how they impact the music of today.

LEQ

Describe the style and

musicians of each jazz style.

LEQ

Making Music purple book

• Listen and sing Siyahamba Song,

page 206

(African), CD 9 - 1

Making Music purple book

• Read pages 224 - 235

WHAT IS SYNCOPATION?

ACCENTING A BEAT THAT NORMALLY DOES NOT GET AN ACCENT

1 2 3 4

< <

‘ROOTS’•AFRICAN instruments

& rhythms-drums & banjo

• Beat, rhythms, syncopation

Beat, rhythms, syncopation & Call and Response singing.

Call and Response

Song “Ise Oluwa”Book page 226

Call and Response

The Origins of Jazz European and Africa Influence

VIDEO

Call & Response

(start video at 1:04)

Spirituals

Characteristics:• Sung and created by slaves during

the Civil War- Spirituals

• With these songs, they expressed their hope for freedom, and a more dignified life.

• Sing a Spiritual

  "Swing low, Sweet Chariot” Swing low, Sweet Chariot

Coming for to carry me homeSwing low, sweet chariotComing for to carry me home

I looked over Jordan and what did I see?Coming for to carry me homeA band of angels coming after meComing for the carry me home

http://freekidsmusic.com/traditional/swing-low-sweet-chariot.html

If you get to heaven before I do Coming for to carry me home Tell all my friends that I'm coming too

Coming for the carry me home

Swing low, Sweet ChariotComing for to carry me homeSwing low, sweet chariotComing for to carry me home

Sometimes I'm up, sometimes I'm downComing for to carry me home

In my heart I know I'm heaven boundComing for to carry me home

Underground Railroad

http://teacher.scholastic.com/activities/bhistory/underground%5Frailroad/plantation.htm http://teacher.scholastic.com/activities/bhistory/underground%5Frailroad/slideshows/escape_slides.htm

Timeline:http://www.fergusbordewich.com/FBtimelinepage.shtml

Underground Railroad Quilts

http://home2.fvcc.edu/~cgreig/final/undimages/sampler.jpg

http://www.straycatsquilting.com/images/rr.jpghttp://4.bp.blogspot.com/_AmILpRyS6fU/SSXP6pKCHzI/AAAAAAAACWQ/n2qefaJ7StU/s400/quilting+in+sashing.jpg

Gospel

• Jonah

• Compare & Contrast the styles of Spiritual to Gospel

Origins of Jazz – Africa Spirituals - Gospel Dixieland Ragtime

Characteristics/Facts: Characteristics/Facts: Characteristics/Facts: Characteristics/Facts:

Musicians/Composers: Musicians/Composers: Musicians/Composers:

Origins of Jazz – Africa Spirituals - Gospel Dixieland Ragtime

Characteristics/Facts:

•Africa & European origins•Rhythms, Beats•Call & Response•Syncopation 1 2 3 4 < <

Characteristics/Facts: Characteristics/Facts: Characteristics/Facts:

Musicians/Composers: Musicians/Composers: Musicians/Composers:

Origins of Jazz – Africa Spirituals - Gospel Dixieland Ragtime

Characteristics/Facts:

•Africa & European origins•Rhythms, Beats•Call & Response•Syncopation 1 2 3 4 < <

Characteristics/Facts:

•Sung by slaves during the Civil War•Through music, they hoped for a better life and for freedom

Characteristics/Facts: Characteristics/Facts:

Musicians/Composers:

•“Swing Low, Sweet Chariot”•“Nobody Knows the Trouble I’ve Seen”

Musicians/Composers: Musicians/Composers:

Name _________________ Jazz Roots Period ____ Ticket out the door (7pts)

1 - Describe Syncopation 2 & 3 - Jazz has its roots in these 2

sources4- What is a Spiritual?

5 & 6 - Africa’s music used _____ & ________ singing.

7. Name a spiritual that we talked about in class.

Name _________________ Jazz Roots Period ____ Answer should reflect1 – Syncopation is….

2 & 3 - Jazz has its roots in _____ & ________.

4- A Spiritual is …..5 & 6 - Africa’s music used _____ & ________ singing.

7.

WHAT IS SYNCOPATION?

ACCENTING A BEAT THAT NORMALLY DOES NOT GET AN ACCENT

New Orleans: The Melting Pot of Sound

1900 - 1930• Jazz started in New Orleans

in 1900

• Jazz was a blend of musical styles from Europe and Africa including ragtime, spirituals, and marches.

http://www.helloneworleans.com/Images/Buildings/6272006St_Charles_Hotel_1900.jpg

Hotlanta Dixieland Jazz - Jazz

History Dr Jazz VIDEO

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SiEOuWVoTaE

http://jazzbluesclub.com/uploads/posts/thumbs/1238244060_61w0g5cg0gl.jpg

‘Birth’ Of Jazz

• Louis Armstrong• King Oliver• Dixieland

Jazz capital of the worldLouis became

one of the greatest jazztrumpeters

and singers of all time.

Jazz History 1 of 111- Gumbo Jazz History 1 of 111- Gumbo (Beginnings to 1917)(Beginnings to 1917)

VIDEOVIDEO

Watch up to 5:00; then 8:00 to the endWatch up to 5:00; then 8:00 to the end

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SEIGiIvLurshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SEIGiIvLurs

PAIR SHARING:

Describe how Jazz got started.

LEQ

LOUIS ARMSTRONG

Read article about

Louis Armstrong Answer Questions. Listen to the drama expressed by the

trumpet and clarinet solos in "Potato Head Blues." VIDEO

1901Louis Armstrong is born

• Louis Armstrong was one of the most influential artists in the history of music. Born in New Orleans, Louisiana, on August 4, 1901, he began playing the cornet at the age of 13. Armstrong perfected the improvised jazz solo as we know it - Improvisation. VIDEO of his childhood VIDEO VIDEO

• Before Armstrong, Dixieland was the style of jazz that everyone was playing. His nicknames were "Pops" and "Satchmo." Louis was loved and admired throughout the world. He died in New York City on July 6, 1971.

Louis Armstrong

Purple Music Books page 64 – 67

Sing “What a Wonderful World”CD 3 – 17, 19

It was It was

“ “Jazz on the River.”Jazz on the River.”

Improvisation is an important element of Jazz

• Improvisation is when you create something on the spot without planning and editing. It is a spontaneous performance.

• Website to check out: http://www.jazclass.aust.com/bl1.htm

Billy Boy The Stuart Mindeman Trio recording the traditional

song, "Billy Boy" in the recital hall of the Northern Illinois University music building for their upcoming CD. Stuart Mindeman - Piano John Tate...

VIDEOhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=71iYWCqPp_Y

How do I improvise?

LEQ

ImprovisationUse your Right Hand

Using the black keys, improvise along with the music.

531 2 4

ImprovisationUse your Right Hand

Using the black keys, improvise along with the music.

531 2 4

How do I improvise?

Refer to piano books.

For advanced pianists:

How to improvise piano blues, Part 1 Video

How to improvise piano blues, Part 2 Video

LEQ

Origins of Jazz – Africa Spirituals - Gospel Dixieland Ragtime

Characteristics/Facts:

•Africa & European origins•Rhythms, Beats•Call & Response•Syncopation 1 2 3 4 < <

Characteristics/Facts:

•Sung by slaves during the Civil War•Through music, hoped for a better life and for freedom

Characteristics/Facts: Characteristics/Facts:

Musicians/Composers:

•“Swing Low, Sweet Chariot”•“Nobody Knows the Trouble I’ve Seen”

Musicians/Composers: Musicians/Composers:

Origins of Jazz – Africa Spirituals - Gospel Dixieland Ragtime

Characteristics/Facts:

•Africa origins•Rhythms, Beats•Call & Response•Syncopation

Characteristics/Facts:

•Sung by slaves during the Civil War•Through music, hoped for a better life and for freedom

Characteristics/Facts:

•New Orleans – Jazz Capital of the world•Black Parade Music•Jazz started app. 1900

Characteristics/Facts:

Musicians/Composers:

•“Swing Low, Sweet Chariot”

Musicians/Composers:

•Louis Armstrong became one of the greatest jazztrumpeters and singers of all time.

•Improvisation is when you create something on the spot without planning and editing. It is spontaneous performance.

Musicians/Composers:

Name _________________ Jazz Beginnings Period ____ Ticket out the door (5pts)

1 - Describe Improvisation

2 & 3 - Where and when did Jazz start?

4 & 5 - Name 2 facts about Louis Armstrong.

Describe the style and

musicians of Ragtime.

LEQ

RAGTIME

• 1900-1920’s• ‘Mostly played on the

piano • ‘Ragging’ or Stride

Bass in Left Hand • Syncopated style

Scott Joplin was often called the FATHER OF RAGTIME

Maple leaf rag - Scott Joplin

VIDEO

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=reI43yUCaUI

Intro.

• Watch: This is America, Charlie BrownSection from slavery to “When the

Saints Go Marching In”

Students take notes.What styles were discussed? start :12

Origins of Jazz – Africa Spirituals - Gospel Dixieland Ragtime

Characteristics/Facts:

•Africa origins•Rhythms, Beats•Call & Response•Syncopation

Characteristics/Facts:

•Sung by slaves during the Civil War•Through music, hoped for a better life and for freedom

Characteristics/Facts:

•New Orleans – Jazz Capital of the world•Black Parade Music•Jazz started app. 1900

Characteristics/Facts:

•Improvisation is when you create something on the spot without planning and editing. It is spontaneous performance.

Musicians/Composers:

•“Swing Low, Sweet Chariot”

Musicians/Composers:

•Louis Armstrong became one of the greatest jazztrumpeters and singers of all time.

Musicians/Composers:

Origins of Jazz – Africa Spirituals - Gospel Dixieland Ragtime

Characteristics/Facts:

•Africa origins•Rhythms, Beats•Call & Response•Syncopation

Characteristics/Facts:

•Sung by slaves during the Civil War•Through music, hoped for a better life and for freedom

Characteristics/Facts:

•New Orleans – Jazz Capital of the world•Black Parade Music•Jazz started app. 1900

Characteristics/Facts:

•Involves playing a piano very fast•1900-1920

•Improvisation is when you create something on the spot without planning and editing. It is spontaneous performance.

Musicians/Composers:

•“Swing Low, Sweet Chariot”

Musicians/Composers:

•Louis Armstrong became one of the greatest jazztrumpeters and singers of all time.

Musicians/Composers:

•Scott Joplin was called “Father of Ragtime”He wrote:

–Maple Leaf Rag–The Entertainer

Name _________________ RAGTIME Period ____ Ticket out the door (4 pts)

1 & 2 - List 2 facts about Ragtime

3 & 4 - List 2 facts about Scott Joplin.

• 1800-1930’s

• A-A-B Form• Lyrics about something sad,

depressing or bad

• 12 Bar Blues• ‘B.B’ King, Bessie Smith, Billie Holiday• Beale Street –Memphis , TN

BLUES

Late 1800s–Today The Blues: Back to the Source

Born in the South, the blues is an African American music form that recognized the pain of lost love and injustice . The blues evolved from hymns, work songs, and field hollers — music used to accompany spiritual, work and social functions.

Blues is the foundation of jazz as well as the prime source of rhythm and blues, rock 'n' roll, and country music. The blues is still evolving and is still widely played today.

• The blues is a musical form that has its origins in work songs sung by slaves in the United States.

• Blues songs tell stories about life experiences, particularly love and poverty.

• Blues singers, including Ray Charles, Billie Holiday, and Muddy Waters, are known around the world.

• Today, blues musicians use pianos, drums, and guitars, but in the past, they used instruments made from whatever was available, including pots and washboards.

http://www.education-world.com/a_tsl/archives/00-1/lesson0040.shtml

WHAT ARE THE 12 BAR BLUES?

IT IS A CHORD PROGRESSION USING ONLY 3 CHORDS

Rock Around the Clock

WOM Red – pg. 158

What key is this song written in?

What are the 3 primary chords for that key?

Analyze chords progression. What is the chord progression?

Sing “Rock Around the Clock”

http://www.d4haley.com/images/LPHaleyRATC.jpg

http://www.jeffosretromusic.com/Clock.jpg

Singing the Blues with Larry

VIDEO

http://www.itickets.com/parts/nimages/1648.jpg

I've got the blues, I feel so lonelyI'll give the world if I could onlyMake you understandIt surely would be grandI'm gonna telephone my babyAsk him won't you please come home'Cause when you're gone, I'm worried all day longBaby won't you please come homeBaby won't you please come homeI have tried in vainEver more to call your nameWhen you left you broke my heartThat will never make us partEvery hour in the dayYou will hear me sayBaby won't you please come home, I meanBaby won't you please come homeBaby won't you please come homeCause your mama's all aloneI have tried in vainNever more to call your nameWhen you left you broke my heartThat will never make us partLandlord gettin' worse, I've got to move May the firstBaby won't you please come home, I need moneyBaby won't you please come home

Bessie Smith

Bessie Smith -- Baby Won't You Please Come Home 1923

VIDEO

VIDEO

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zCrtErmipXEhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=95wv7uAUpDM

http://hd.se/kultur/blogg/wp-content/uploads/2009/06/bessie_smith2_8120691.jpghttp://z.about.com/d/womenshistory/1/0/e/8/bessie_smith_002.jpg

The Voices of Jazz

Billie Holiday,

known as Lady Day, was only sixteen years old When she burst on the jazz scene as the singer for Benny Goodman’sband. She had a tragiclife, and was able tosing with intense emotion.

VIDEOhttp://thebroadroom.net/images/beauty/2007_q3/billie_holliday.jpg

Billie Holiday

Read article

about

Billie Holiday Answer

Questions.

http://www.mp3lyrics.org/b/billie-holiday/billie-holiday_3.Jpg

B.B.KING

VIDEO

BB King - How Blue Can You Get

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6jCNXASjzMY

“It’s not so Easy being Me”

Sing Blues song WOM 7 (RED) – 160

How do I create and

perform lyrics to a blues melody?

SUN GONNA SHINEBlues

• Sing song page 234

• Read, compose, and sing new blues lyrics for “Sun Gonna Shine”

• Compare and contrast the various musical elements from gospel, spirituals, and blues music.

SUN GONNA SHINE

• With your partner, write your own lyrics to a Blues sequence:

• Line 1 _____________________

• Line 2 _____________________

• Line 3 _____________________

Blues Scat Swing / Big Band Rock

Characteristics/Facts: Characteristics/Facts: Characteristics/Facts: Characteristics/Facts:

Musicians/Composers: Musicians/Composers: Musicians/Composers: Musicians/Composers:

Blues Scat Swing / Big Band Rock

Characteristics/Facts:

•Lyrics about something sad, depressing or bad•12- Bar Blues•1800-1930’s•In 1917, war times closed the New Orleans district. Musicians left and relocated in Chicago.

Characteristics/Facts: Characteristics/Facts: Characteristics/Facts:

Musicians/Composers:

•‘B.B’ King• Bessie Smith• Billie Holiday

Musicians/Composers: Musicians/Composers: Musicians/Composers:

Name _________________ Blues Period ____ Ticket out the door (6 pts)

1,2,3 - List 3 facts about the Blues style

4 & 5 – Name 2 Blue singers

6 – What city did jazz musicians relocate to?

A SOULFUL CELEBRATION OVERTURE

1.African

4. Big Band

2. Black

Spiritual

3. Ragtime

5. Gospel

8. Jazz Fusion

7. The 70’s

10. House

9. Hip-Hop

6. Blues

Ella Fitzgerald

Ella Fitzgerald won a

talent contest in 1934,

and then became

known as one of the

greatest singers and

masters of SCAT in

jazz history!

http://rosettasister.files.wordpress.com/2009/02/ella.jpg

TheThe famous famous

EllaEllaFitzgerald Fitzgerald

first first appeared appeared

herehereat the at the ApolloApollo

TheatreTheatre. .

Her voice Her voice captivated captivated the hearts the hearts

of herof heraudience. audience.

HerHer

scatting scatting abilities abilities inspired inspired many many

musicians.musicians.

Ella FitzgeraldRead article about

Ella Fitzgerald Answer Questions.

Jazz History 12 of 111 - The Jazz History 12 of 111 - The Gift (1917-1924)Gift (1917-1924)

VIDEOVIDEO

Watch up to 8:00Watch up to 8:00

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BPTfS69Ehttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BPTfS69E3-c3-c

In the 1920’s, Jazz EXPLODED!

The center then moved to Chicago by the early 1920s.

 

http://www.univie.ac.at/Anglistik/easyrider/data/pages/Chicago%20Blues/state.jpg

Chicago was THE city for blues musicians and African Americans from the South - no Jim Crow laws, plenty of jobs (at least before depression started), two direct lines to go there - the railroad and Highway 61. Around 1850 there probably lived 300 African Americans  in Chicago, in 1920 they were 182,000  - and quite a lot of them were Blues musicians. They settled down south of State Street - in Southside. State street was full of clubs and theaters, and quite a lot of musicians worked there. 

http://www.univie.ac.at/Anglistik/easyrider/data/pages/Chicago%20Blues/state.jpg

JAZZ

• What are the musical characteristics of jazz music?

•How do I compose and perform

scat lyrics?

•How do I improvise?

• What is scat?

ELLA FITZGERALDModern Female Scat artist

LOUIS ARMSTRONG - Developed scat

MEL TORME – modern male scat singer

What is scat?

Scat is singing non-sense syllables, trying to make the voice sound like an instrument.

scat singing is vocal improvisation with random vocables and syllables or without words at all.

Jazz History 24 of 111 - Our Language (1924 -

1929) VIDEO

Stop at 3:40; restart at 4:15; stop at 7:15

Scat Singing and Bessie Smith

Louis Armstrong

Purple Music Books page 67

Listen to “Hotter than That” CD 3 – 20

which is a famous recording from 1927 that has Louis’s scat singing solos.

Sing “Blue Skies”

Page 11, in song book

Middle section has “scat singing”.

http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_1D7niXVYUd8/SGFHHLktdkI/AAAAAAAAC3Y/aU_b83Fh9fo/s400/4blog%2Bblue%2Bskies%2B(1).JPG

1.

2.

3.

4.

Cool Cat Scat

Sing: “When the Saints go Marching in”

Purple Books, page 66(The recording is of the original song,

WOM 7)

Scattin’ A - Round

Sing song: “Scattin A-Round”

Purple Music Books page 158,

CD 7-5

Nikki Yanofsky - Airmail Special

Nikki is only 14 years old, singing old jazz favorites and wowing audiences with her excellent scat singing abilities. Critics are comparing her to Ella Fitzgerald which is quite something when you consider that

Ella is known as the “First Lady of Song”.

VIDEO

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D-bumYe5mfA&feature=player_embedded#

How do I compose and perform scat

lyrics?LEQ

Cool Cat Scat Project

1. Select an easy song such as: Happy Birthday Twinkle, Twinkle1. Write the words to the original song2. Double space 3. Then, fill in scat words underneath the

original words4. Perform the scat song for the class.

http://dclips.fundraw.com/zobo500dir/excl_ed_comoglio_Image-12.jpg

Cool Cat Scat Projectexample

Hap-py Birth-day to you.

Do wah Bah Bah Do wah

Hap-py Birth-day to you.

Bah Bah Do wah Do wah

Hap-py Birth-day to you.

Hap-py Birth-day to you.

Oh Yeah!

Blues Scat Swing / Big Band Rock

Characteristics/Facts:

•Lyrics about something sad, depressing or bad•12 Bar Blues•1800-1930’s

Characteristics/Facts: Characteristics/Facts: Characteristics/Facts:

Musicians/Composers:

•‘B.B’ King• Bessie Smith• Billie Holiday

Musicians/Composers: Musicians/Composers: Musicians/Composers:

Blues Scat Swing / Big Band Rock

Characteristics/Facts:

•Lyrics about something sad, depressing or bad•12 Bar Blues•1800-1930’s

Characteristics/Facts:

•singing non-sense syllables, trying to make the voice sound like an instrument

Characteristics/Facts: Characteristics/Facts:

Musicians/Composers:

•‘B.B’ King• Bessie Smith• Billie Holiday

Musicians/Composers:

•Ella Fitzgerald•Louis Armstrong

Musicians/Composers:

•Duke Ellington

Musicians/Composers:

Name _________________ Scat Period ____ Ticket out the door (4 pts)

1 - Define scat singing

2 – Name another musician who used scat besides Ella Fitzgerald

3 & 4 - Name 2 facts about Ella Fitzgerald

• DUKE ELLINGTON• Saxophones, Brass clarinets, drums• Glenn Miller, Tommy & Jimmy Dorsey

1930-40’s

Brass Instrument MUTES

http://www.long-mcquade.com/files/561/lg_harmon%20trumpet%20mute.jpghttp://www.ioremap.net/gallery/trumpet/cup_mute.jpghttp://www.wwbw.com/Harmon-J1-Triple-Play-Combo-Trumpet-Mute-360161-i1129469.wwbw

Wow wow mute

SWING1930 - 1940

This era centers around big bands. Less emphasis on improvisation and more on band arrangements.

What is a Mute? Observe the mutes in the video.

VIDEO or VIDEO

Same video of Duke Ellington. “It Doesn’t Mean a thing if it doesn’t have that

swing”

Mid–1930sSwing: Sound in Motion

 Swing is the basic rhythm of jazz. Swinging means being in sync with other people and loving it. Swing as a jazz style first appeared during the Great Depression. The optimistic feeling of swing lifted the spirits of everyone in America. By the mid-1930s, a period known as the "swing" era, swing dancing had become our national dance and big bands were playing this style of music. Orchestra leaders such as Duke Ellington, Count Basie, Fletcher Henderson, Paul Whiteman, and Benny Goodman led some of the greatest bands of the era.

Learn about the swing rhythm and listen to how the vocalists accent the second and fourth beats to create that rhythm. These accents give the music a sense of motion and make you want to dance.

The Big Band Era

During WWII, jazz was

considered a symbol

of hope and solidarity

for American soldiers.

Glenn Miller was the

most important figure

in BIG BAND MUSIC.

http://www.wwangle.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2008/12/james-stewart-as-glenn-miller.jpghttp://mentalfloss.cachefly.net/wp-content/uploads/2008/11/glenn_miller.jpg

Glenn Miller was atrombone player andband leader, and thedirector of the AirForce Orchestra.Sadly, he was killedduring the war in aplane crash whileflying to Paris for aconcert.

  Duke Ellington: Master Composer

"Duke" Ellington was born on April 29, 1899, in Washington, D.C. He began studying the piano at the age of seven. He started playing jazz as a teenager, and moved to New York City to become a bandleader. As a pianist, composer, and bandleader, Ellington was one of the creators of the big band sound, which fueled the "swing" era. He continued leading and composing for his jazz orchestra until his death in 1974. "Ellington plays the piano, but his real instrument is his band. Each member of his band is to him a distinctive tone color and set of emotions, which he mixes with others equally distinctive to produce a third thing, which I like to call the 'Ellington Effect.'" —Billy Strayhorn, composer and arranger

Duke Ellington was another Duke Ellington was another famous jazz musician.famous jazz musician.

Duke Ellington’s Band Duke Ellington’s Band

performed often at Howard performed often at Howard

University University

He and his band

He and his band

were very were very

popular.popular.

AudiencesAudiences flockedflocked to to

hear his band and to hear his band and to

dance to their music.dance to their music.

AndAnd swingswing dancingdancing

was the dance to do!!!

Benny Goodman was a famous

Benny Goodman was a famous

band leader

band leader, ,

clarinetist

clarinetist

and and composer

composer..

• Age of Popular Song

• 1930’s & 40’s Big Bands

• Designed for dancing either ballroom, foxtrot, jitterbug, mambo, or rumba

• Irving Berlin (writer)

• Frank Sinatra (singer)

Duke Ellington

• Read Article about Duke Ellington

• Answer Questions

Blues Scat Swing / Big Band Rock

Characteristics/Facts:

•Lyrics about something sad, depressing or bad•12 Bar Blues•1800-1930’s

Characteristics/Facts:

•singing non-sense syllables, trying to make the voice sound like an instrument

Characteristics/Facts: Characteristics/Facts:

Musicians/Composers:

•‘B.B’ King• Bessie Smith• Billie Holiday

Musicians/Composers:

•Ella Fitzgerald

Musicians/Composers: Musicians/Composers:

Blues Scat Swing / Big Band Rock

Characteristics/Facts:

•Lyrics about something sad, depressing or bad•12 Bar Blues•1800-1930’s

Characteristics/Facts:

•singing non-sense syllables, trying to make the voice sound like an instrument

Characteristics/Facts:

•1930 – 1940•Use of Mutes•Swing was “Dance” music, the whole country was dancing

Characteristics/Facts:

Musicians/Composers:

•‘B.B’ King• Bessie Smith• Billie Holiday

Musicians/Composers:

•Ella Fitzgerald

Musicians/Composers:

•Duke Ellington•Benny Goodman•Glenn Miller•Count Basie

Musicians/Composers:

Name _________________ Swing Period ____ Ticket out the door (5pts)

1 - How is Swing different from previous styles of Jazz?

2,3, 4 - Name 3 other musicians from this period besides Duke E.

5 - What is a Mute? 6 & 7 - Name 2 facts about Duke

Ellington

Famous Jazz Musicians

• Louis Armstrong• Charlie Parker• Miles Davis VIDEO• DukeEllington• Dave Brubeck VIDEO• George Gershwin• WyntonMarsalis

COMPOSCOMPOSERSERS

COMPOSCOMPOSERSERS

Gershwin’s crowning achievement in this

style was the piano and orchestra composition RHAPSODY IN BLUE.

He wrote the entire piece in only 2 months!

COMPOSCOMPOSERSERS

Duke Ellington was a

classy, elegant

African American man who became the

top attraction in Harlem at THE COTTON CLUB.

Fats Waller

THE GREAT HARLEM PERFORMERS

Fats Waller was a pianist,

singer, and composer,

best known for this

comical song.

http://www.jazznblues.co.uk/Images/Fats%20Waller.jpg

Cab Calloway is

known as

the king of

“Hi de hi de ho.”

http://secretgeek.net/image/Cab_Calloway.jpg

BEBOP

In the late 1940’s, some jazz musicianswanted to break away from traditionaljazz and create a new sound. The newsound enabled the musicians to havemore freedom of expression, with its

fast paced rhythms and unusual breaks.BEBOP was especially popular in large

cities.

BEBOP1940 - 1955

Bebop is an outgrowth of swing, with tempos that are much faster. Emphasis is on improvisation, ensembles are smaller.

1940sBebop: The Summit of Sound

"If you really understand the meaning of bebop, you understand the meaning of freedom." —Thelonious Monk, pianist and composer

In the early 1940s, jazz musicians were looking for new directions to explore. A new style of jazz was born, called bebop, had fast tempos, intricate melodies, and complex harmonies. Bebop was considered jazz for intellectuals. No longer were there huge big bands, but smaller groups that did not play for dancing audiences but for listening audiences.

Listen to a short history of the beginning of bebop, and learn how to scat!

Dizzy Gillespie: A Jazz Visionary

  Dizzy GillespieThe first time you hear Dizzy Gillespie play the trumpet, you may think that the tape was recorded at the wrong speed. He played so high, so fast, so correctly." —Wynton Marsalis

Trumpeter, bandleader, and composer John Birks "Dizzy" Gillespie was born on October 21, 1917, in Cheraw, South Carolina. He got his first music lesson from his father and took off from there. He moved to New York City in 1937 and met musicians such as Thelonious Monk and Charlie Parker. Together they experimented with jazz and came up with the bebop sound. Dizzy also helped to introduce Latin American rhythms to modern jazz through his collaborations with artists such as Machito and Chano Pozo. His bold trumpet playing, unique style of improvisation, and inspired teachings had a major influence, not only on other trumpet players, but on all jazz musicians in the years to come. He died in Englewood, New Jersey, on January 6, 1993.

How did Dizzy get his name? Wynton Marsalis explains his famous nickname and what made Dizzy so unique as a musician.

Dizzy GillespieDizzy was a greattrumpeter who alsodominated theBEBOP scene. Hehad an infectiouspersonality whichmade him verypopular, and hisstyle of puffing outhis cheeks whileplaying was histrademark.

http://www.lastudiomusicians.net/Dizzy%20Gillespie.jpg

Rhythm and Blues

After WWII, many African Americans from

rural areas were moving into American

cities to work for defense companies.

They brought with them their musical

tradition of gospel and blues, which then

crossed paths with big band music. The

result: RHYTHM AND BLUES.

Ray Charles

Ray Charles was apianist, singer, andsaxophonist,emphasizing thereligious backgroundof the music. Hismusic is considered aforerunner of SOUL.

http://www.brianharrismusic.net/images/RayCharles.jpg

Ray Charles

Remembered as the“Godfather of Soul,”James Brown wentback to the rhythmicroots of African-American music, andproudly imitated thesesounds as a belovedsinging performer.

http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_K1bzc-bdxto/RY_gphAP7HI/AAAAAAAABGo/A7l3NBsYPuE/s400/j3.jpg

The BOP of the 1960’s

In the 50’s and 60’s,there was amovement for AfricanAmericans to return tothe roots of jazz.Miles Davis andThelonius Monk leadthis new movement.

http://userserve-ak.last.fm/serve/_/115468/Miles+Davis.jpg

http://www.greatmodernpictures.com/ntm01lg.jpg

Free Jazz

The late 1960’schanged jazz.America was in atime of turmoil, andjazz became freeand without rules.John Coltrane leadthis FREE JAZZmovement.

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.neajazzintheschools.org/images/lesson4/look/john_coltrane.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.neajazzintheschools.org/lesson4/look.php%3Fuv%3Ds&usg=_

_aMouF-o2B0w2J76DdcJFDTTbjfI=&h=365&w=310&sz=21&hl=en&start=14&tbnid=pqXKE9WBYkfacM:&tbnh=121&tbn=103&prev=/images%3Fq%3DJohn%2BColtrane%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG

What does this have to dowith rock and roll?

In the 1940’s, the music ofAfrican Americans wasprimarily jazz (which inturn became rhythmand blues), and whitemusic was eithercountry or veryschmaltzy pop, asdemonstrated in hitrecordings by artistssuch as Doris Day andPat Boone.

http://media.photobucket.com/image/doris%20day/RichardSkipper/039_69070Doris-Day-Posters-742149.jpghttp://www.181.fm/cache/images/Pat_Boone.mega.jpg

When white countryand western music,which was popularin the South,converged withrhythm and blues,the rock and rollrevolution wasborn.

http://www.esto.es/rock/images/ChuckBerryPromo1.jpg

Chuck Berry

COOL JAZZ

Characteristics:

• Started in the 1950s

• evolved as a reaction against bebop.

• stresses more lyrical playing, appears more subdued.

• Dave Brubeck Dave Brubeck

•PianoPiano

•1940-50’s 1940-50’s

• 12 BAR BLUES • Faster Tempo• Developed into 1950’s• Chuck Berry -guitar• Chubby Checker- ‘The

Twist’• Bill Hailey & the Comets-” ‘Rock Around the Clock”• Buddy Holly-’That’ll Be

the Day

to ROCK n’ ROLLto ROCK n’ ROLL

In 1954, rock and roll foundits KING.

Elvis Presley came fromMemphis, and loved AfricanAmerican music with apassion. Young people ofthe 1950’s loved his musicbecause it was the perfectcombination of rebellion andentertainment. He woresideburns, a stray forelock ofhair on his forehead, andalways looked like he wassmirking.

ELVIS PRESLEY

The Beatles

• The Beatles

• 1964Ed Sullivan Show debut

• Unconventional in their day

• Represented sincerity yet defiance

• John Lennon and Paul McCartney were especially gifted song writers

• George Harrison also wrote deeply felt poems

Blues Scat Swing / Big Band Rock

Characteristics/Facts: Characteristics/Facts: Characteristics/Facts: Characteristics/Facts:

Musicians/Composers: Musicians/Composers: Musicians/Composers: Musicians/Composers:

SOULWhile the Beatles weregaining fame, SOUL musicwas exploding as well.MOTOWN, a Detroit record label formedby African American businessman BerryGordy, was the first African Americanlabel to record and distribute music byAfrican American artists. The resultwas a captivating brand of pop musicthat won over both blacks and whites.Motown was the music ofINTEGRATION.

Motown Artists included:

Marvin Gaye

The Supremes

http://rhythmicsoul.files.wordpress.com/2009/04/supremes3.jpg

The Temptations

http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_dUrynl9-tm4/SKijzWoJRWI/AAAAAAAAAks/SkJPHgS-npM/S660/temptations_d.jpg

http://www.forgettherest.com/media/images/CD/0143672_1.jpg

Cool Jazz

• Miles Davis

• Miles Davis interview, 1982

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IHeYG9SNaS0

SUMMERTIME - Miles Davis

VIDEOListen only to the music, close the video.

Contrast & Compare to:Summertime Billie Holiday’s version of “Summertime” VIDEO

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HK18aw2-fDI

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n4PSju9HYwU&feature=fvw

Miles Davis “Baby Won't You Please Come

Home”VIDEO

Bessie Smith in 1923

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6u8PTueP_vo

Who performed this same song?

How To Improvise Piano Blues Part1 Piano Lesson

VIDEOHow To Improvise Piano Blues Part 2 Piano Lesson

VIDEOhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XFoxG3ltnB4&feature=PlayList&p=FA921964F9D78F2F&playnext=1&playnext_from=PL&index=37

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9G18B7qPknY&feature=PlayList&p=C3D7275A0DBC3CB3&playnext=1&playnext_from=PL&index=54

Herbie Hancock - Jazz Fusion Cantelope Island

VIDEO• Advertisement • • • •

• (more info) • Herbie Hancock is one of the most influential American jazz pianists and

composers of our time, a true icon of modern music. A musical visionary who combines elements of rock, funk and soul with th...

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XrgP1u5YWEg

Herbie Hancock is one of the most influential American jazz pianists and composers of our time, a true icon of modern music. A musical visionary who combines elements of rock, funk and soul with th...

American jazz pianists and composers of our time, a true icon of modern music. A musical visionary who combines elements of rock, funk and soul with the stylistic rhythms of electronic and acoustic jazz, his career spans some 50 years. His latest album is a tribute to his long time friend and associate Joni Mitchell among the guest vocals on the album are Norah Jones, Tina Turner and Corrine Bailey Rae. For more info http://www.fastfocus.tv/media.aspx?id...

•

Credits from PBS• From PBS, JAZZ HISTORY GUMBO 1 – 111 • Got the video clips from youtube.com• Jazz History 1 of 111- Gumbo (Beginnings to 1917)• http://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=SEIGiIvLurs&feature=PlayList&p=875194B0B3601EB0&index=0&playnext=1• Jazz History 5 of 111- Gumbo (Beginnings to 1917)• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t2EYCm8JfMg&feature=PlayList&p=875194B0B3601EB0&index=4• Jazz History 9 of 111- Gumbo (Beginnings to 1917)• http://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=fBDD2UGdtVM&feature=PlayList&p=875194B0B3601EB0&index=8• Jazz History 12 of 111 - The Gift (1917-1924)• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BPTfS69E3-

c&feature=PlayList&p=875194B0B3601EB0&index=11• Jazz History 18 of 111 - The Gift (1917-1924)• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6sEcJVrJ4k4&feature=PlayList&p=875194B0B3601EB0&index=17• Jazz History 19 of 111 - The Gift (1917-1924)• http://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=2Hbv5N3O_vM&feature=PlayList&p=875194B0B3601EB0&index=18• Jazz History 21 of 111 - The Gift (1917-1924)• http://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=zwYWfJ9aqgQ&feature=PlayList&p=875194B0B3601EB0&index=20• Jazz History 22 of 111 - The Gift (1917-1924)• http://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=z9PpueA3gUM&feature=PlayList&p=875194B0B3601EB0&index=21• Scat Singing & Bessie Smith, Blues• Jazz History 24 of 111 - Our Language (1924 - 1929)• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ljPPrLjJq58&feature=PlayList&p=875194B0B3601EB0&index=23• Jazz History 25 of 111 - Our Language (1924 – 1929• http://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=Xf9YQM4Q6hw&feature=PlayList&p=875194B0B3601EB0&index=24

Nikki Yanofsky Sings It Don't Mean a Thing...

VIDEO

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GLSr0UzL1HE&feature=related

Credits

B.B. King at his besthttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-sMWTqUuSh4

B.B. King - The Thrill Is Gone: 1993/Live At B.B. King's Blues Club, Blues Summit

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qtm66Z3lebc