jefferson administration mr. pagliaro seymour high school
TRANSCRIPT
Jefferson AdministrationMr. Pagliaro
Seymour High School
Revolution of 1800
• 1st transition between parties
“We are all Republicans, we We are all Republicans, we are all Federalistsare all Federalists. If there be any among us who would wish to dissolve this Union or to change its republican form, let them stand undisturbed as monuments of the safety with which error of opinion may be tolerated where reason is left free to combat it. ”
Jefferson’s Cabinet
• VP: Aaron Burr (NY)• Sec. of State: James Madison (VA)• Sec. of War: Henry Dearborn (NH)• Sec. of Treasury: Albert Galatin (NY)• Att. General: Levi Lincoln (MA)• Post Master General: Gideon Granger
(CT)• Sec. of Navy: Robert Smith (PA)
Judiciary Act of 1801
• Lame duck period• Passed 19 days before Adams left office
• 16 new federal positions• Packed federal courts with Federalists
Marbury V. Madison
• Marbury=midnight judge
• Sued Madison for appointment
• Chief Justice John Marshall• Declared Judiciary Act of
1789 unconsititional• Judicial Review
• Power of Supreme Court to declare a law unconstitutional
Jefferson Makes Changes
Succeeded in Succeeded in reducing reducing governmentgovernment
• Only customs duties, sale of lands produced revenue
• Eliminated excise tax
• Reduced size of executive staff
Succeeded in Succeeded in reducing size of reducing size of militarymilitary
• Smaller army and navy
• Built up navy, small gunboats for pirate attacks
Louisiana Purchase
• General Napoleon Bonaparte wanted a French empire.• 1800-Spain returned
Louisiana to France.• American Ambassadors sent
to secure use or buy New Orleans ($10 mil)
• Haitian Revolution• Napoleon offered Louisiana
Territory for $15 mil-more than doubled Size of US
Louisiana Purchase
Lewis & Clark
• 1804-1806-Corps of Discovery• Map route to Pacific
• 1st across Continental Divide
• Scientific study• Catalog of weather,
flora, fauna
• Contact Native Americans re: peace/trade
• Sacajawea
Domestic Issues
• Hamilton/Burr Duel-July 11, 1804• Weehawken, NJ
Burr Conspiracy (1806-1807)
• Remove Louisiana territory from US• Begin a new empire
• Involved:• Former VP Burr• Head of the US Army,
James Wilkinson
Barbary War/Tripolitan War
• 1801-1805• Tripoli
demanded tribute-led to war
• 8 Marines, mercenaries took control of Tripoli
British continue attacks on American Shipping
•Impressments•Ignored in Jay’s Treaty
•1806-Monroe-Pinkney Treaty•Goal: end impressments, renew Jay’s
Treaty•British did not agree on
impressments•Never ratified
Chesapeake Incident-1807
Commanders and leaders
Salisbury Pryce Humphreys
Commodore James Barron.
Strength
1 4th rate 1 frigate
Casualties and losses
none 1 frigate damaged3 KIA18 WIA4 arrested
The affair of the Chesapeake put war into my hand, I had
only to open it and let havoc loose
Embargo Act, 1807
• No trade; avoid problems• Hurt sailors,
dockworkers, farmers• No trade=no $ for
these groups
• Smuggling
Election of 1808
Candidate Party % Pop. Vote
Electoral
Votes
Madison DR 64.7 122
Pickney F 32.4 47
Clinton DR <1% 6
Non-Intercourse Act, 1808
• No trade with Great Britain or France
Henry Letters
• Fraudulent letters sold to Madison• Britain trying to get N.E. to join Canada?
• Increased tension
Macon’s Bill #2-1810
• Began trade with France OR GB if they stopped attacking our ships
• Rejected other nation• France accepted
• Didn’t comply
• No trade w/ GB continued
War HawksWar Hawks
• 1811-12th congress• Young Republican
Congressmen from West/South• Anti-British
• Impressments• Nationalists
• Henry Clay-Speaker of the House, KY• John C. Calhoun, SC• Richard Mentor Johnson, KY• William Lowndes, SC• Langdon Cheves, SC• Felix Grundy, TN• William W. Bibb, GA
War Hawks Goals
1. Stop impressments2. Demonstrate American power3. Seize Canada4. Take Florida from Spain5. End British aid to Native Americans
The War of 1812
• 1811-British Blockaded American ports
• 1812-Declaration of War, USS Constitution, Canadian Invasion, loss of Detroit
• 1813-Battle of Lake Erie, Oliver Hazard Perry, Detroit regained
• 1814-Battle of Baltimore, White House & Capitol razed, Treaty of Ghent
• 1815-Battle of New Orleans
Ending the War
• Treaty of Ghent• Treaty restored
relations to status quo ante bellum
• American Ambassadors• John Quincy Adams
• Albert Gallatin• James Bayard• Jonathan Russell • Henry Clay
• Rush-Bagot Treaty-1817• Demilitarized Great
Lakes
Tecumseh’s War
• 1809-Treaty of Ft. Wayne• 3 mil. acres of Indiana
land given to US
• Prophet: Tenskwatawa• 1810-Tecumseh
demands William Henry Harrison take back treaty
In defiance of the white warriors of Ohio and
Kentucky, I have traveled through their settlements, once our favorite hunting
grounds. No war-whoop was sounded, but there is blood
on our knives. The Pale-faces felt the blow, but knew
not whence it came.-Tecumseh, 1811
Tecumseh’s War• 1811-Battle of
Tippecanoe• Harrison def.
Tenskwatawa
• 1812-Tecumseh allied w/ British• Aided capture of Ft.
Detroit
• 1813-Invasion of Canada• Battle of Thames
• Wm. H. Harrison’s forces def. Brits/Indians
• Tecumseh killed
Economic Policy
• 1811-Madison let Bank of US charter expire
• 1814-Congress passed new bank, Madison vetoes
• 1815-Madison requested new bank• 1816-The BUS emerged w/ 20 year
charter