jennifer holland dean of student services cameron university 12/13/2007 jennifer holland cameron...
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Jennifer HollandDean of Student Services
Cameron University12/13/2007
Jennifer HollandCameron University
MajoringMajoringin Wagering:in Wagering:
College StudentCollege StudentGamblin
gGambling
Jennifer HollandDean of Student Services
Cameron University12/13/2007
History of Gambling in Oklahoma
1982:1982:Legalization of
racetrack gambling
1988-2008: 1988-2008: more than 100 tribal
casinos and bingo halls
open?
1988: 1988: Indian
Gaming Regulatory
Act2004:2004: Voters
approve state lottery and racetrack casinos
http://www.newsok.com/article/3071999/
Jennifer HollandDean of Student Services
Cameron University12/13/2007
Gambling in Oklahoma
Oklahoma Lottery– Scratchers– Powerball– Cash 5– Pick 3
Casino Gaming Internet Gambling
BingoHorse RacingPoker/CardsPari-mutuel
WageringCharitable GamingSports Betting
Jennifer HollandDean of Student Services
Cameron University12/13/2007
Size of the
industry
Jennifer HollandDean of Student Services
Cameron University12/13/2007
NationallyTotal spent on legal gambling has
increased 25% since 2003. 2/3 of adults placed a bet last year.37 states have lotteries.Lottery profits are $17 billion annually.260 casinos on Indian reservations
– Located in 31 states– $6.7 billion revenue annually
Casinos profit $30 billion annually. Internet gambling has nearly doubled
every year since 1997.
Source: The Oklahoman
Jennifer HollandDean of Student Services
Cameron University12/13/2007
OklahomaGrowth in Oklahoma in 2006 up 24.7% 2032 lottery retailersOklahoma has more than 100 casinos and
bingo halls, 2 horsetracks/racinos57,000 slot machines - Gaming machine
count ranks 3rd in the nation$2.2 billion revenue reported by tribal
casinos in 20072006 spending per capita in Oklahoma
was double the national average.
Sources: 2006 North American Gaming Almanac and 2006 Indian Gaming Industry Report
Jennifer HollandDean of Student Services
Cameron University12/13/2007
defining
the issue
Jennifer HollandDean of Student Services
Cameron University12/13/2007
Statistics80% of adults gambled in the past year;
15% gambled in the last week.22% of teens admitted to gambling at a
casino by their senior year of high school.15 million people display sign of gambling
addictionMen consistently have higher prevalence
rates75,000 problem and compulsive gamblers
in OklahomaHouseholds with less than $10,000 spend
more on lotteries that those with incomes over $50,000.
Source: The Oklahoman
Jennifer HollandDean of Student Services
Cameron University12/13/2007
Definitions
Problem Gambling:– Gambling behavior
which causes disruptions in any major area of life
Pathological:– Persistent and
recurrent maladaptive gambling behavior that disrupts personal, family, or vocational pursuits
– Pathological Gambling
• a.k.a. “Compulsive Gambling” or “Gambling Addiction”
Source: National Council on Problem Gambling
Jennifer HollandDean of Student Services
Cameron University12/13/2007
Telling the Difference
Social Gambling
Occasional gambler; sticks with time limits
Sticks to limits of money to play with
Hopes to win but expects to lose
Can take it or leave it; has other activities/interests
Problem Gambling
Frequent, or spends more time gambling
Plays with money that is needed or borrowed
Expects to win; keeps playing to win back
losses
Preoccupied about gambling; restless if trying to cut down
Jennifer HollandDean of Student Services
Cameron University12/13/2007
College Quick Facts
50.4%:– College men who gamble on cards at least
once a month
26.6%– College women who gamble on cards at least
once a month
26%– College men who gamble in online card games
at least once a month
Source: Annenberg Public Policy Center (2005)
Jennifer HollandDean of Student Services
Cameron University12/13/2007
Recognizing gambling problems
Unexplained absences/sudden drop in grades. Sudden visible changes in
behavior/personality Possession of a large amount of money, brags
about winning. Unusual interest in sport scores or stats. Intense interest in conversations about
gambling. Unexplained financial problems. Starts screening phone calls in fear of debt
collectors.
http://www.lanecounty.org/prevention/gambling/youth_signs_PG.htm
Jennifer HollandDean of Student Services
Cameron University12/13/2007
Most Common Effects ofProblem Gambling
DebtCrimeDepression/SuicideRelationship problemsEmployment problemsConcurrent alcohol
and/or drug problems
Source: Moore, T.L., & Marotta, J. (2007). Oregon Gambling Treatment Programs Evaluation Update.
$23,000 average1 in 4
1 in 19 attempt suicide1 in 41 in 7
1 in 3 alcohol problem1 in 10 drug problem7 in 10 use tobacco
Jennifer HollandDean of Student Services
Cameron University12/13/2007
Reasons Students Are Gambling
Chance to win moneyExcitementTime with friendsDistraction from everyday life and
schoolLooks like an easy/quick way to get richRush of winningFeeling of being important
http://www.lanecounty.org/prevention/gambling/youth_risk_factors.htm
Jennifer HollandDean of Student Services
Cameron University12/13/2007
Why are Students at Risk?
AgeAvailability
AcceptabilityAdvertising/Media
Access to Cash
Jennifer HollandDean of Student Services
Cameron University12/13/2007
Age of our
students
Jennifer HollandDean of Student Services
Cameron University12/13/2007
Rates of Problem Gambling by Age
4.1%
5.6%
2.3%1.2%
0%
1%
2%
3%
4%
5%
6%
Adolescent CollegeGeneral Adult Pop. Elderly
Sources: Carlson & Moore, 1998; Shaffer & Hall, 2001; Moore, 2001; Volberg, 2001
Jennifer HollandDean of Student Services
Cameron University12/13/2007
Availability to our
campuses
Jennifer HollandDean of Student Services
Cameron University12/13/2007
Where are casinos located?
http://500nations.com/oklahoma_casinos.asp
Jennifer HollandDean of Student Services
Cameron University12/13/2007
Our campusesNumber of casinos located within county and in
bordering counties
Cameron University - Lawton– Comanche: 3– Caddo: 3– Cotton: 4– Stephens: 3
Casinos in close proximity – 13
Tulsa– Tulsa: 5– Okmulgee: 2– Creek: 1– Pawnee: 2– Osage: 2– Washington: 1– Rogers: 4
Casinos in close proximity – 17
Jennifer HollandDean of Student Services
Cameron University12/13/2007
Our campusesNumber of casinos located within county and in
bordering counties
University of Oklahoma– Cleveland: 3– Canadian: 1– McClain: 2– Pottawatomie: 3
Casinos in close proximity – 9
Riverwind Casino - Newcastle
Oklahoma State University– Pawnee: 2– Osage: 2– Kay: 9– Noble: 1– Payne: 1– Creek: 1– Tulsa: 5
Casinos in close proximity - 20
Jennifer HollandDean of Student Services
Cameron University12/13/2007
Our campusesNumber of casinos located within county and in
bordering counties
East Central University - Ada– Pontotoc: 2– Murray: 4– Garvin 1– McClain: 2– Cleveland: 3– Pottawatomie: 3– Seminole: 6
Casinos in close proximity – 21
Southeastern Oklahoma State University - Durant– Bryan: 2– Marshall: 2– Atoka: 1– Choctaw: 2
Casinos in close proximity – 7
Jennifer HollandDean of Student Services
Cameron University12/13/2007
Our campusesNumber of casinos located within county and in
bordering counties
Northeastern State University - Tahlequah– Cherokee: 2– Sequoyah: 3– Muskogee: 2
Casinos in close proximity – 7
Southwestern Oklahoma State University - Weatherford– Custer: 1– Blaine: 2– Caddo: 3
Casinos in close proximity - 6
Jennifer HollandDean of Student Services
Cameron University12/13/2007
Acceptabilityin our
society
Jennifer HollandDean of Student Services
Cameron University12/13/2007
Advertising
targets students
Jennifer HollandDean of Student Services
Cameron University12/13/2007
Advertisements
Jennifer HollandDean of Student Services
Cameron University12/13/2007
Accessto ca$h
Jennifer HollandDean of Student Services
Cameron University12/13/2007
Assessing
the problem
Jennifer HollandDean of Student Services
Cameron University12/13/2007
Just How Big is the Problem?
1 in 20 college students will develop a gambling problem– (Shaffer and Hall, 2001)
Approximately 15% of college students are at risk for gambling problems– (Neighbors, University of Washington)
Jennifer HollandDean of Student Services
Cameron University12/13/2007
Online Gambling25,000 gambling web sitesQuickest “incubation period” to
addictionWhy?
– Impulsivity– Isolation– Intermittent rewards
Players cannot use credit cards to gamble from the U.S.– Players have found alternative
methods of depositing money into online gambling sites.
Jennifer HollandDean of Student Services
Cameron University12/13/2007
Are Students Gambling Online?
Online Gambling:– $15 Billion in 2006– ½ from U.S.
More than 1 million young people use Internet gambling sites each month
– Source: Annenberg Public Policy Center, 2006
Rates of online gambling amount males 18-22 doubled in 2005
– Source: Annerberg Public Policy Center, 2006
Jennifer HollandDean of Student Services
Cameron University12/13/2007
Sports Bets
About 30% of U.S. college students will gamble on sports this year (NCPG)
In Oklahoma, sports wagering is illegal.
NCAA rules for student athletes forbid betting on college or professional sports.
Jennifer HollandDean of Student Services
Cameron University12/13/2007
Looking at
prevention
Jennifer HollandDean of Student Services
Cameron University12/13/2007
Treatment/Prevention in Oklahoma
State allocates $750,000 to treatment and prevention
Seeing improvement– 134 counselors received gambling specific
training– A 24/7 helpline was created– 14 providers have become Certified Gambling
Treatment Programs– 9 facilities offer free outpatient gambling
treatment
Treatment and prevention workhttp://infoweb.newsbank.com/iw-search/we/InfoWebOklahoma Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services
Jennifer HollandDean of Student Services
Cameron University12/13/2007
Resources
Gambling Hot Line
(800) 522-4700
www.odmhsas.org/Gambling
Jennifer HollandDean of Student Services
Cameron University12/13/2007
Campus
responsibility
Jennifer HollandDean of Student Services
Cameron University12/13/2007
Questions About Our Institutions
How common is student gambling on your campus?
How are students gambling?Are you seeing problems or negative
effects?What is the best way to get the
attention of students for an issue like this?
What information/services should universities provide?
Jennifer HollandDean of Student Services
Cameron University12/13/2007
What can we do?AssessmentAwareness
Intervention & Assistance
Policy recommendations
Be proactive
Jennifer HollandDean of Student Services
Cameron University12/13/2007
Thanks to…Julie Hynes
Problem Gambling Prevention ProgramLane County Health and Human Services
Oregon
MajoringMajoringin Wagering:in Wagering: