Analysis of Scenario 2Juvena, Ambrose, Shahmir, Shafaa,

Sufiana & Stephanie

Problems identified

Low Self-Esteem & Lack of Motivation

Teacher neglect

Misfit among peers

Parental

neglect

Problem StatementAs teachers, we need to know

how to motivate our students and create a conducive learning environment. We also need to know how to effectively cooperate with parents to help students learn.

Analysis: Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

SA

Esteem

Love/Belonging

Safety

Physiological

Analysis: Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Theory

Understand the different factors that work together in forming a child’s self esteem and efficacy.

Each layer affects a child’s development

Conflict within any layer ripples throughout other layers

Based on Bronfenbrenner, U. 1979. The Ecology of Human Development. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

MicrosystemDirect interaction with social agents

Parents – POOR.Peers – POOR.Teachers – POOR.

MesosystemConnection between family and school experience

Poor, almost non existentTeachers cannot reach parentsParents blame teachers for poor performance of their

child

Connections between family and peers experienceParents do not allow him to have free time for social

interactions Jeremy has poor relationships with family at home,

may cause him to have poor peer relationships too

ExosystemJeremy’s mother: VP of listed company

Jeremy’s father: CEO of MNC

Parents have huge responsibilities at workLittle or no time spent with Jeremy

Parents have huge incomeSplurge on tuition and enrichment

classes

MacrosystemCultural context

High socioeconomic status

Parents highly educatedExpect Jeremy to achieve

academically

Analysis: Skinner’s Behavioral TheoryHuman behaviour is conditioned by

learning and reinforcement.

Effects of repercussions of behaviour can influence learning (change future behaviour).

Behaviour that is reinforced (positively or negatively) would be repeated; behaviour that is punished would not be.

Examples of negative reinforcement

When Jeremy offers an answer and gets it wrong, his group-mates call him stupid.

Effects???Later, when Misha tries to persuade

Jeremy to contribute, he chooses to keep silent.

Analysis: MotivationOverall, school is not a pleasant

experience for Jeremy, due to his peers and his teachers. Jeremy is ostracized in class. He feels alone. The classroom environment is not welcoming.

Analysis: MotivationHis teacher (Ms Low) also makes

matters worse by saying he does not know his responsibilities as a student and comparing him with other classmates. This could make him enjoy class less too.

Analysis: MotivationJeremy’s parents overload him

with extra classes/tuition but do not reward him. Because of this, he could be less motivated to put in effort in school and in tuition.

Relation to ZPD?

Analysis: Parenting Styles

Authoritarian Parenting

High demand, low involvement

Lack of interaction between Jeremy and his parentsBusy parentsSees his maid moreConstantly at enrichment classes

Has a strict schedule No time for social activitiesFeelings of alienation

Authoritarian Parenting

Negativity ExpressivityWhen Jeremy does not do well, he is scolded

and put down rather than given encouragement“What’s wrong with you? We spend so much

money on you every month, sending you for tuition classes and all and this is what you get?”

Jeremy EXPECTS to be scoldedDetrimental as this affects the development of

coping strategies

Authoritarian ParentingParents are not involved in his school matters

Seen in the first scene where the teacher is repeatedly unsuccessful in contacting his parents

Distractions during the parent-teacher dialogue

Strong correlation between parent involvement in school and child’s performanceGreater parental involvement, higher

academic achievement and greater interaction with peers.

Analysis: Self-worth theoryLow self-worth derived from lack of

attention and affection from parents

Perception that regardless of academic achievements, he will not receive recognition he deserves

Remember! “Achievement behaviour to maintain self-worth” – Without much self-worth to start with, Jeremy is less inclined to achieve.

Solutions

ParentsEnhance communication with school teachersSpend more quality time with JeremyProvide positive reinforcement

TeachersMake an effort to understand Jeremy’s troublesEncourage classroom cohesiveness

Enable him to get along better with his peers too (Berk, L; Child Development 3rd Edition; 1994)

Set good example for students to follow

THANK YOU!