;jf]{rr cbfnt j'n ]l6g · 2010. 4. 15. · ;jf]{rr cbfnt j'n ]l6g 3 lgj]bg lhls/ /x ]sf ]...

;;jjff]] {{RRrr ccbbffnntt jj''nn]]ll66gg

1

!= k"0f{ Ohnf;

dfggLo GofofwLz >L zf/bf >]i7 dfggLo GofofwLz >L tkjxfb'/ du/

dfggLo GofofwLz >L bfdf]b/ k|;fb zdf{ ;Dat )^# ;fnsf] l/6 g+=)^$—WF–))!#

cfb]z ldltM @)^%.!.%.%

ljifo M– pTk|]if0fo'Qm k/dfb]zsf] cfb]z hf/L ul/kfpFm .

lgj]bsM k'?iff]Qd j:tfsf]6L

lj?4 lakIfLM nf]s;]jf cfof]u, s]Gb|Lo sfof{no,

sdnkf]v/L ;d]t

lghfdtL ;]jf lgodfjnL,@)%) sf] lgod &$ adf]lhd sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nof+sgsf cfwf/df x'g] a9'jfdf h:tf] sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nofs+g, z}lIfs of]Uotf, tflnd, ef}uf]lns If]q / h]i7tf h:tf ljljw ljifox?sf] cfwf/ lnOg] geO{ ;DjlGwt pDd]bjf/sf] kl5Nnf] rf/ jif{sf] sfo{;Dkfbgsf] cf}ift c+s / cGt/jftf{df k|fKt u/]sf] c+ssf cfwf/df a9'jf l;kmf/L; ul/g] k|fjwfg /x]sf] b]lvbf t'ngfTds ?kdf cl3Nnf] k|sf/sf] a9'jf eGbf ljjflbt k|lqmof 5f]6f] / ;/n /x]sf] b]lvG5 . d"Nof+sgsf cfwf/ w]/} /xg]

cl3Nnf] a9'jfdf kf/bzL{ /xg] s]xL lglZrt s'/fx?df pDd]bjf/n] Plsg ;fy q'6L /x]sf] egL bfjL lng] u/]sf] cfwf/df o; cbfntjf6 6]j'n]zg ;d]tsf sfd sf/jfxLx? x]/L lg0f{o ug]{ u/]sf] k|rng g/x]sf] xf]Og . t/ ljjflbt a9'jfdf To; k|sf/sf] kf/bzL{ tyf hl6n ljifo j:t'x? ;dfj]z /x]sf] gkfOg] / a9'jf k|lqmofsf b'O{j6} cfwf/x? uf]Ko /xg] b]lvbf pDd]bjf/n] yfxf kfpg] cj:yf ;d]t x'b}g . lgod &$ cGt{ut sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nof+sgsf] cfwf/df x'g] a9'jf k|lqmofdf ;fd]n ;j} pDd]bjf/sf] z}lIfs of]Uotf, tflnd, ef}uf]lns If]qdf /xL sfd u/] jfkt k|fKt x'g] c+s / h]i7tf jfktsf] c+s Ps csf{nfO{ yfxf hfgsf/L x'g ;Sg] cj:yf /xG5 . a9'jf l;kmf/L; x'g]nfO{ of] olt sf/0fn] a9L / cfkm"nfO{ sd c+s lbOPsf] sf/0fjf6 l;kmf/L; ;DjlGwt sfd sf/jfxL q'6Lk"0f{ /x]sf] egL To:tf] kf/bzL{ ljifox?df k|fKt x'g] c+ssf] k|df0f ;lxtsf] Plsg bfjL lnOg] sf/0fjf6 cGo ;Dj4 kIfx? ;d]t x]/Lg] kl/kf6LnfO{ Gofof]lrt / ljj]s ;Ddt dfGg ;lsG5 .

k|:tt' ljifodf lgj]bsn] yfxf kfpg ;Sg] kf/bzL{ cfwf/x? s]xL klg /x]sf] b]lvb}g . To:tf] cfwf/x? gePsf] sf/0fjf6} lgj]bsn] sf=;=d"=jfktsf] c+s


2

/ cGt{jftf{df k|fKt u/]sf] c+s 36fO sd c+s /fvL 6]j'n]zg ul/Psf] x'g ;Sg] egL cg'dfgsf e/df bfjL lnPsf] kfOG5 . ;+j}wflgs lgsfo nf]s ;]jf cfof]un] ;~rfng u/]sf] k/LIff k|0ffnLdf To; k|sf/sf] q'6L /x]sf] xf]nf egL lgj]bssf] sygsf e/df dfq o; cbfntn] cg'dfg ug{ ldNb}g / x'b}g klg . ;+ljwfg / sfg"g adf]lhd sfd sf/jfxL ;~rfng ug]{ lgsfon] u/]sf] sfd sf/jfxL sfg"g;Ddt g} x'G5 egL cbfntn] k|f/+les ?kdf cg'dfg ug'{ kb{5 . olb s;}n] cGoyf lhls/ lnG5 eg] To:tf] s'/fk|lt cbfntnfO{ ;'lglZrt cfwf/ ;lxt ljZj:t u/fpg ;Sg' kg]{ bfloTj lghs} xf] . lgj]bsn] To;/L ljZj:t x'g ;lsg] s'g} 7f]; cfwf/ ;lxtsf] ljj]s ;Ddt sf/0f lgj]bgdf pNn]v ug{ ;s]sf] gb]lvO{ cg'dfg / sfNklgs cfwf/df lgj]bg lbPsf] b]lvof] . o; cbfntnfO{ tTsfn jxfn /x]sf] g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg,@)$& sf] wf/f **-!_ / cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# sf] wf/f !)&-!_ k|bQ c;fwf/0f clwsf/ s;}sf] cg'dfg jf z+sfsf] lgjf/0f ug]{ If]qflwsf/ xf]Og . ;+ljwfg k|bQ df}lns xsflwsf/sf] pNn+3g ePsf] ;d]tsf cj:yfdf gful/snfO{ ;+/If0f k|bfg ug]{ k|of]hgsf x]t' ;dflji7 ul/Psf] ;f] ljlzi7

k|fjwfgsf] b'?kof]u sf]xL s;}n] ug'{ pko'Qm dfGg ;lsGg . cg'dfg / cfz+sfsf] e/df o; cbfntsf] c;fwf/0f clwsf/ If]q sbflk cfslif{t x'g ;Sb}g . ;dGoflos If]qflwsf/ cGt{ut l/6 If]qdf k|j]z ug]{ JolQmn] cfkm"nfO{ dsf{ k/]sf] ljifodf 7f]; / ljZj;gLo cfwf/ lgj]bgdf b]vfPs} x'g' kb{5 . cGoyf o; cbfntn] cfkm\gf] c;fwf/0f clwsf/ If]qsf] pkrf/ k|bfg ug{ cl:jsf/ ug{ ;Sb5 .

lgj]bsn] k|fKt u/]sf] c+s 36fO{Psf] g} xf] eGg] s'/f :jo+ lgj]bsn] g} :yflkt ug{ ;s]sf] cj:yf 5}g . k/LIffdf cfkm" cg'lQ0f{ ePsf] sf/0fjf6 To; s'/fsf] cGbfh ;Dd nufPsf] b]lvG5 . k/LIffdf cg'lt0f{ x'g]n] To; k|sf/sf] c8snjfhL sf6g' c:jefljs klg xf]Og . t/ To:tf] c8sn jf cg'dfgsf] lgjf/0f o; cbfntsf] l/6 If]qflwsf/ xf]Og / c;fwf/0f clwsf/ If]qjf6 Tof] ;+ej klg 5}g . To;df klg lgj]bsn] cg'dflgt ?kdf bfjL u/]sf] ;f] s'/f k"li6 x'g] Go"gtd cfwf/ ;Dd klg lgj]bgdf pNn]v ug{ ;s]sf] b]lvb}g . cGt{jftf{df a:g] kbflwsf/L jf 6]j'n]zg ug]{ sd{rf/L lgj]bs k|lt k"jf{u|fxL x'g' kg]{ / a9'jf kfPsf JolQmsf] kIfdf 9Nsg' kg]{ s'g} ljZj;gLo cfwf/ /x]sf] eGg] ls6fgL


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lgj]bg lhls/ /x]sf] eP Tof] lglZrt ?kdf ljrf/0fLo x'g ;SYof] . t/ lgj]bsn] ;f] s'/fsf] cfef; x'g] lemgf] bfjL ;Dd klg lng ;s]sf] kfOb}g . o:tf] cj:yfdf lgj]bssf] sfNklgs lgj]bg sygsf e/df nf]s ;]jf cfof]usf] sfd sf/jfxL k|lt cljZjf; u/L nf]s ;]jf cfof]u -sfo{ljlw _ P]g, @)$* adf]lhd uf]Ko /xg] k/LIff ;DjGwL sfuhftx? vf]nL x]l//xg' kg]{ l:ylt b]lvPg . t;y{ plNnlvt cfwf/ sf/0f ;d]tjf6 lgj]bsn] 7f]if / j:t'lgi6 cfwf/ ;lxt bfjL lng g;sL cg'dfgsf] cfwf/df sfNklgs bfjL u/]sf] b]lvbf l/6 lgj]bg vf/]h x'g] 7x/fPsf] dfggLo GofofwLz >L an/fd s]=;L=sf] /fo dgfl;j 7x5{ . lgj]bg bfjL jdf]lhd x'g] 7x/fPsf] dfggLo GofofwLz >L kjgs'df/ cf]emfsf] /fo ;u ;xdt x'g g;lsg] .

@= ;+o'Qm Ohnf; ;DdfggLo k|wfg GofofwLz >L

s]bf/k|;fb lu/L dfggLo GofofwLz >L uf}/L 9sfn

@)^$ ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+= )^$–CI–)!!& km};nf ldltM @)^$.!!.!^.%

d'2fM n]gb]g .

k'g/fj]bs÷k|ltjfbL gGbnfn /fo ofbj

lj?4 k|ToyL{÷jfbLM hjfx/ /fo ofbj

lkm/fb;fy k]z x'g cfPsf] lnvtdf wgL hjfx/ /fo ofbj / C0fL gGbnfn /fo ofbj e} ldlt @)%).!).@! df ?=%),))).– sf] skfnL td;'s u/L /sd lbg' lng' ePsf] eGg] b]lvG5 . ;f] lnvtdf oL k|ltjfbL gGbnfnsf] /]vfTds / n]vfTds ;xL5fk ;d]t ePsf] kfOG5 . k|ltjfbLn] ;f] lnvtnfO{ OGsf/ u/L k|ltpQ/ lkm/fPsf 5g\ eg] c=j+= &* g+= jdf]lhd jofg ubf{ lnvtsf] zL/ k'5f/df nfu]sf] NofKr] tyf x:tfIf/ cfkm\g} /x]sf] t/ ;f] ;xL5fk v'zL/fhL;Fu u/]sf] ge} jfbLsf] >LdtL d~h'b]jLn] ldlt @)%@.@.@! df daf6 hUuf kf; u/fO{ lng] ;dodf em'SofP/ td;'s u/fPsf] x'g'k5{ egL lhsL/ lnPsf 5g\ . ;f] jofgsf qmddf @)%$ ;fn j}zfvdf cfkm"nfO{ jfbLn] afFb5fFb u/L jfp08sf] sfuh egL sfuh u/fPsf lyP eGg] klg pNn]v u/]sf] kfOG5 . To;/L Pp6} jofgsf qmddf klg slxn] em'SofP/ ;xL5fk u/fPsf] elgPsf] 5 eg] slxn]


4

afFb5fFb u/L jfp08sf] sfuh egL sfuh u/fPsf] s'/f pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . To;/L Pp6} lnvtnfO{ b'O{ y/L ;+1f lbO{Paf6 klg k|ltjfbLsf] sygsf] ljZj;gLotfdfly k|Zg p7\g' :jfefljs} xf] . olb k|ltjfbLn] lhsL/ lnPem}+ em'SofP/ jf afFb5fFb u/L sfuh u/fPsf] eP sfg"gn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] k|lqmofsf] cjnDjg u/L To:tf] sfuh ab/ u/fpg ;Sg]df oL k|ltjfbLn] Tof] jf6f] klg cjnDjg u/]sf] kfO{+b}g . lnvtsf cfwf/df ;fFjf Jofh e/fO{ kfpg jfbLn] bfjL ul/;s]kl5 k|ltpQ/ lkm/fpFbf ;d]t To:tf] lhsL/ glnO{ Ps}rf]l6 ;2] lst]{ jofgsf qmddf dfq To:tf] lhsL/ lng'n] klg k|ltjfbL syg lj/f]wfefifo'Qm x'g k'u]sf] 5 . o;/L k|ltjfbLaf6 cleJoQm sygx? Ps cfk;df lj/f]wfefifk"0f{ /x]sf / bfjLsf] lnvtdf k/]sf] ;xL5fknfO{ cGoyf eGg klg g;s]sf] cj:yfdf jfbL bfjLsf] lnvtdf plNnlvt /sd oL k|ltjfbLn] lnP vfPsf] xf]Og egL cg'dfg ug{ ldNg] cj:yf x'Fb}g . t;y{ jfbL bfjL gk'Ug] / bfjLsf] lnvt hfn;fhL 7xg]{ egL z'? lhNnf cbfntaf6 ePsf] km};nf pN6L u/L jfbL bfjLsf] lnvtnfO{ ;dli6?kdf x]bf{ ;2] Jojxf/af6} ePsf] k|dfl0ft x'g cfPsf] eGg] ;d]tsf cfwf/df jfbLn] k|ltjfbLaf6 bfjL

jdf]lhdsf] ;fFjf Jofh e/L kfpg] 7x¥ofPsf] k'g/fj]bg cbfntsf] km};nf ldn]s} b]lvFbf ;b/ x'g] .

#= ;+o'Qm Ohnf; sf=d'= ;DdfggLo k|wfg GofofwLz >L

dLgjxfb'/ /fodfemL dfggLo GofofwLz >L zf/bf >]i7

;+jt @)%( ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+= ====*$$$ km};nf ldltM @)^%.!.!^.@

d'2fM— a}gfa§fsf] zt{ jf s/f/ jdf]lhd

u/LkfpF . k'g/fj]bs k|ltjfbLM rGb|axfb'/ dfjf]

lj?4 k|ToyL{ jfbLM nfvaxfb'/ dfjf]

lakIfLsf gfpFbtf{sf] ls=g+= ^* / ^( sf] hUuf ?= !,@%,))).– df kfl/t u/L lng] lbg] ;xdtL eO{ ?=&%,))).– j}gf jfkt a'emL )%&.(.#) ;Dddf jf+sL /sd lnO{ hUuf kfl/t ul/lbg] zt{ /fvL )%&.(.!^ df j}gfj§fsf] lnvt ePsf] lyof] . efvfleq /sd j'emfpg hfFbf lakIfLn] j'emL glnPsf] / uf=la=;= sfof{nodf lgj]bg lbPsf]df lakIfL xflh/ gePsf]n] lnvtsf] zt{ jdf]lhd j}gf


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lbPsf] /sdsf] bf]Jj/ ?=!,%),))).– lbnfO{ e/fO{ kfpF eGg] g} k|ToyL{ jfbLsf] d'Vo lkm/fb dfu bfjL /x]sf] b]lvG5 . j}gfj§fsf] efvf leq /sd a'emfpg jfbL gcfPsf]n] hUuf kfl/t ul/lbg] cj:yf ePg . ctM lkm/fb vf/]h ul/kfpFm eGg] ;d]t k|ltpQ/ lhls/ ePsf] k|:t't d'2fdf z'?n] jfbL bfjL gk'Ug] 7x/fPsf] km};nf pN6L u/L j}gf lbPsf] ?=&%,))).–sf] bf]Aa/ ?=!,%),))).– jfbLn] k|ltjfbLjf6 e/fO{ kfpg] 7x/fPsf] k'g/fj]bg cbfntsf] km};nf pk/ lrQ ga'emfO{ k'g/fj]bs k|ltjfbLsf] k|:t't k'g/fj]bg k/]sf] kfOof] . jfbL cfkm} efvfleq /sd j'emfpg gcfPsf], efvf gf3]kl5 cglws[t lgsfo uf=lj=;= df uPsf] cj:yf x'+bf x'Fb} k|ltkmn eGbf a9L /sd e/fpg] u/L ePsf] k'g/fj]bg km};nf q'l6k"0f{ x'Fbf jb/ ul/kfpFm eGg] ;d]t k'g/fj]bg lhls/ eO{ o; cbfntjf6 ;f]xL cfwf/ ;d]tdf k|ToyL{ lemsfpg] cfb]z ePsf] b]lvof] . k'g/fj]bs k|ltjfbLsf] gfpbtf{sf] ls=g+= ^* / ^( sf] hUuf hDdf d"No ?=!,@%,))).–df k|ToyL{ jfbLn] kfl/t ul/ lng] ;xdtL hgfO{ ldlt )%&.(.!^ df jfbL / k|ltjfbL jLr j}gfj§fsf] sfuh ePsf] eGg] tYodf s'g} ljjfb b]lvPsf] 5}g . ;f] lnvtdf pNn]v eP jdf]lhd

?=&%,))).– j}gfjfkt k'g/fj]bs k|ltjfbLn] j'emL lnPsf] eGg] tYo klg lglj{jfb ?kdf :yflkt eO{/x]sf] b]lvG5 . j}gfj§fsf] lnvtdf pNn]v eP jdf]lhdsf] jfFsL %),))).– )%&.(.#) ;Dddf a'em\g] a'emfpg] laifodf b'j} kIfjLr ljjfb pTkGg eO{ lnvt kfl/t x'g ;s]sf] b]lv+b}g . k'g/fj]bs k|ltjfbLn] jfbL /sd j'emfpg gcfPsf] egL lhls/ lnPsf]df k|ToyL{ jfbLn] lnvtsf] efvf leq k'g/fj]bs k|ltjfbLnfO{ /sd j'emfpg uPsf] lyPF eGg] s'/fsf] s'g} klg k|df0f lbg u'hfg{ ;s]sf] kfOPg . df}lvs bfjLsf e/df k|ToyL{ jfbL lnvtsf] efvfleq k'g/fj]bsnfO{ jfFsL /sd a'emfpg uPsf /x]5g\ egL cbfntn] cg'dfg ug{ ldNb}g . z'? ldl;n ;+nUg ufpF ljsf; ;ldltsf] sfof{no yk'{sf] ldlt )%*.#.@& sf] kq ;fy k|fKt ePsf] k|ToyL{n] lbPsf] eg]sf] lgj]bg x]bf{ rGb|axfb'/ dfjf]n] )%&.(.#) ;Dd k"/f ?k}of a'emL lnvt kfl/t gu/L lbPsf]n] o; sfof{nodf lemsfO{ cfjZos sf/jfxL ul/kfpFm eGg] ;Ddsf] Joxf]/f k/]sf] b]lvG5 . To;df klg ;f] lgj]bg k|ToyL{n] j}gfj§f jdf]lhd jfFsL /sd j'emfpg] efvf leq k/]sf] eGg] klg gb]lvO{ )%&.!).* df k/]sf]


6

b]lvG5 eg] lgj]bg ;fy k|ltjfbLnfO{ j'emfpg jfFsL /sdsf] y}nL em'08\ofPsf] klg b]lvg cfp+b}g . a}gfj§f adf]lhd lnvt kfl/t u/fO{ lbg] clwsf/ If]q s'g} klg sfg"gn] ufpF ljsf; ;ldltsf] sfof{nonfO{ glbPsf]n] cglws[t lgsfodf jfbLn] lbPsf] To; k|sf/sf] lgj]bgsf] s'g} sfg"gL dxTj /xg] klg x'Fb}g . pQm lgj]bgsf] kL7df lakIfL rGb|axfb'/ dfjf] pkl:yt gePsf]n] ;DalGwt 7fpFdf sfg"gL sf/jfxLsf] nflu hfg hfgsf/L lbg] egL )%&.!).@# df uf=lj==;=jf6 t]fs cfb]z ePkl5 ldlt )%&.!).@% df k|ToyL{ jfbL k|:t't d'2fsf] lkm/fb lnO{ cfPsf] b]lvof] . o; k|sf/ k|ToyL{ jfbLn] lnvtsf] efvf leq k'g/fj]bs k|ltjfbLnfO{ jf+sL /sd j'emfpg uPsf] eGg] s'g} k|df0f lbg u'hfg{ ;s]sf] b]lv+b}g . k|ltjfbLn] jfFsL /sd j'emL hUuf kf/Lt ul/lbg cl:jsf/ u/]sf] eP lnvt jdf]lhd k'g/fj]bsnfO{ a'emfpg jf+sL /sd y}nL /fvL lnvt kfl/t u/fO{ kfpF egL cbfnt k|j]z ug'{ jfbLsf] k|yd st{Jo / bfloTj x'g cfpF5 . j}gfj§fsf] lnvtsf] d"n k|of]hg k|ydtM ;f] lnvt jdf]lhdsf] sfo{ ug'{ u/fpg'df s]lGb|t /xG5 . lnvt kfl/t x'g g;Sg] cj:yf pTkGg ePdf dfq a}gfj§fsf] /sd lkmtf{ dfu ug{ kfpg] bf]>f] ljsNk

lqmofzLn x'G5 . k|ltjfbLnfO{ j}gfj§f lnvtsf] efvfleq jfFsL /sd j'emfpg uPsf] lyPF egL bfjL lng] kIfn] cbfnt k|j]z ubf{ ;f] /sd y}nL /fvL j}gfj§fsf] zt{ / bfloTjsf] kIfdf cfkm" k|ltj4 /x]sf] b]vfpg ;Sg' kb{5 . cGoyf jfbLsf] bfjLdf ljZjf; ug{ ;lsg] 7fpF /xGg . o:t} k|s[ltsf] ljjfbsf] laifo j:t' cGt/lglxt /x]sf] lgj]lbsf k|ltjfbL tLy{ s'df/L /f0ff lj?4 /fdz+s/ >]i7sf] d"=;=ug]{+ ljgf]b z+s/ >]i7 lakIfL jfbL ePsf] ;+jt @)$$ ;fnsf] b]=k'=O{=g+=(! sf] s/f/ jdf]lhd lnvt kf; ul/kfpFm eGg] d'2fdf o; cbfntsf] k"0f{ Ohnf;jf6 jfbLn] a}gfj§f jdf]lhd ltg{ a'emfpg afFsL /x]sf] /sd y}nL /fvL gfn]z u/]sf] b]lvPsf] eGg] ;d]t cfwf/df bfjL jdf]lhd lnvt kfl/t x'g] 7x/L ldlt @)$^.!@.@ df lg0f{o eO{ g]=sf=k= @)$( c+s ! k[i7 ! lg=g+= $$$& df :ki6 ?kdf y}nL w/f}6 /fVg' kg]{ k|lqmofnfO{ cufl8 a9fPsf] cj:yf 5 . k|ToyL{ jfbLsf] bfjL x]bf{ k/:k/ lj/f]wfefifk"0f{ ;d]t b]lvPsf] 5 . jfbLsf] bfjL Psf tkm{ s/f/ P]g,@)%^ df cfwfl/t b]lvG5 eg] csf]{ tkm{ d'n'sL P]g n]gb]g Jojxf/sf] $) g+= ;d]tnfO{ c+uflnPsf] b]lvG5 . o;jf6 jfbLn] ;f]


7

lnvtnfO{ Psftkm{ s/f/sf] ;+1f lbg vf]h]sf] b]lvG5 eg] csf]{ tkm{ n]gb]g Jojxf/ cGtu{tsf] j}gfj§fsf] lnvtsf] ?kdf lnPsf] kfOG5 . s/f/ P]g,@)@# jxfn /x]sf] sfg"gL ;Gbe{df k|:t't d'2fdf bfjL lnOPs} h:tf] tTjx? cGt/lglxt /x]sf] j}gfj§fsf] sfuhnfO{ s/f/gfdfsf] ;+1f lbO{ dfly pb[t tLy{s'df/L /f0ffsf] d'2fdf o; cbfntsf] k"0f{ Ohnf;jf6 lg0f{o ePsf] b]lvG5 . oBlk k|:t't d'2fsf jfbL ;f] d'2fdf h:tf] s/f/ jdf]lhd u/fO{ kfpF egL PsLg / :ki6tfsf ;fy s/f/ P]gsf] dfq bfjL lnO{ cbfnt k|j]z gu/L j}gfj§fsf] zt jf s/f/ jdf]lhd ul/kfpFm egL bf]xf]/f] bfjL lnO{ cbfnt k|j]z u/]sf] b]lvPjf6 jfbL :jo+n] ;f] j}gfj§fsf] lnvtnfO{ s/f/sf] ?kdf u|x0f gu/]sf] b]lvof] . ;f] lnvtsf] sfof{Gjogsf] nflu k'g/fj]bs k|ltjfbLnfO{ jfFsL /sd a'emfpg hfg' kg]{ k|ToyL{ s} klxnf] bfloTj ePsf] / ;f] u/]sf] lyPF egL b]vfpg' kg]{df cbfntdf k|a]z ubf{{ ;d]t pQm /sd y}nL /fvL cfpg g;s]jf6 lnvtsf] zt{sf] pn+3g k'g/fj]bsjf6 geO{ k|ToyL{ jfbL kIfjf6} ePsf] dfGg' kg]{ b]lv+bf o; cbfntjf6 k|ToyL{ lemsfp+bf u|x0f ul/Psf] cfwf/;+u c;xt x'g'kg]{ s'g} sf/0f b]lvPg .

t;y{ dfly k|s/0f k|s/0fdf plNnlvt cfwf/ sf/0f, sfg"gL Joj:yf / k|ltkflbt l;4fGt ;d]tsf] ljZn]if0ffTds kl/k]|Iodf k|ToyL{ jfbL :jo+n] lnvt adf]lhdsf] zt{ kfngf u/]sf] gb]lvPsf],j}gfj§fsf] lnvt cg';f/ k'g/fj]bs k|ltjfbLnfO{ j'emfpg jf+sL /sd lkm/fb ;fy y}nL /fvL /flhgfdf kfl/t u/fO{ kfp+ egL :ki6 / PsLg bfjL lnO{ cbfnt k|j]z u/]sf] klg b]lvg gcfPsf] x'Fbf bf]Aa/ /sd e/fO{kfpF eGg] jfbL bfjL gk'Ug] 7x/fPsf] z'?sf] km};nf ;b/ ug'{kg]{df j}gf jfkt lnPsf] ?= &%,))).– sf] bf]Aa/ ?= !,%),))).– e/fO{ lbg] 7x/fPsf] k'g/fj]bg cbfntsf] km};nf q'6Lk"0f{ b]lv+bf pN6L eO{ z'? lhNnf cbfntsf] km};nf dgfl;j 7xg]{ .

$= ;Fo'Qm Ohnf; dfggLo GofoffwLz >L cg"k/fh zdf{ dfggLo GofofwLz >L tkjxfb'/ du/ ;Djt\ @)^$ ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+========!!@^

km};nf ldltM @)^$.(.@@.!

d'2f M– gftf k|dfl0ft jb/ u/L gftf k|dfl0ft u/L kfpmF .


8

k'g/fj]bs jfbLM lji0f'dfof+ lnDj' lj?4

ljkIfL k|ltjfbLM kbdjxfb'/sf] d'=;=ug]{ kt{jxfb'/sf] xsdf z]/jxfb'/ lnDj' ;d]t

k|:t't d'2fdf z'? lhNnf cbfntn]

gftf k|dfl0ft ug]{ sfo{ lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nosf] x'g] egL d'2f vf/]h u/]sf]df ;f] OG;fkm k'g/fj]bg cbfntjf6 ;d]t ;b/ ePsf]df ;af]{Rr cbfntdf k'g/fj]bg k/L ;af]{Rr cbfntn] OG;fkm pN6L u/L k'g/fj]bg cbfntjf6 ;j"b k|df0f j'emL k'gM OG;fkm ug{ ldlt @)^@.!.!@ df OG;fkm ePsf]df k'g/fj]bg cbfnt wgs'6fn] @)^#.!@.! df z'?sf] vf/]hL km};nf pN6L u/L k'g/fj]bs jfbLsf] k'g/fj]bg lhls/ gk'Ug] egL OG;fkm u/]s]f kfO{G5 . k|:t't d'2fdf jfbLn] k|ltjfbL lji0f'dfof+ lnDj'gL / kbdjxfb'/ lnDj'n] :j= v8\ujxfb'/ lnDj' / kbdjxfb'/ lnDj' jLr sfsf , sfsL / elthfsf] gftf ePsf] egL lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no t]x«y'djf6 @)$(.!.@* df lnPsf] gftf k|df0f unt /x]sf] egL k|ltjfbLx? kbdjxfb'/ lnDj' lji0f'dfof+ lnDj'gL ;d]tsf pk/ ;f] gftf k|df0f jb/ ug{ u/fpg lkm/fb bfo/ u/]sf]df ldl;n

;+nUg ;j"b k|df0f x]bf{ k|ltjfbLn] k]z u/]sf] !(%) ;fnsf] df]7 >]itfsf] k|ltlnlk x]bf{ jfbLn] bfjL u/] h:tf] x+zdfgsf # 5f]/fx? c;dkfn, d'hf/ l;+x rGb|dfg e} c;dkfnsf] # 5f]/fx? O{jfxfË dfgwf]h , wgdfg x'g eGg] / dg]{ v8\ujxfb'/ / kb\djxfb'/ dfgwf]hsf ;Gtfg tyf jfbL wgjfgsf gfltgL x'g egL v'Ng cfPsf] kfO{Gg k|ltjfbL kbdjxfb'/n] @)$(.!.^ df lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no t]x«y'djf6 ;h{ldg ;d]t eO{ @)$(.!.^ df gftf k|dfl0ft l;kmfl/; kfPsf]df ;f] gftf k|df0fnfO{ hfn;fhL egL ;h{ldgdf j:g] dflg;x? ;d]tsf pk/ log} jfbLn] hfn;fh d'2f lbPsf]df k'g/fj]bg cbfntn] ;f] d'2fdf ldlt @)^#.!@.! df jfbL bfjL k'Ug g;Sg] 7x/ u/]sf] lhNnf cbfntsf] OG;fkm ;b/ u/] pk/ oL jfbLn] o; cbfntdf d'2f bf]x¥ofO{ x]/L kfp+m egL lbPsf] hfn;fhL d'2fdf cfh o;} O{hnf;jf6 lg:;f lbg gldNg] u/L O{G;fkm ePjf6 k|ltjfbLn] kfPsf] gftf k|df0fsf] l;kmfl/; e'm¶f sfod x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . o;} u/L log} jfbLn] log} k|ltjfbLx? ;d]tsf pk/ lbPsf] ck'tfnL xs sfod bf=vf= d'2fdf ;d]t ck'tfnLdf jfbLsf] xs k'Ug g;Sg] 7x¥ofPsf] lhNnf cbfntsf] OG;fkm


9

k'g/fj]bg cbfntjf6 ;b/ x'g] 7x¥ofO{ ePsf] OG;fkm pk/ cfh o;} O{hnf;jf6 d'2f bf]x¥ofO{ x]g{ gldNg] u/L cfb]z ePjf6 jfbL bfjL cg';f/ kbdjxfb'/sf] ck'tfnL jfbLn] k|fKt ug{ g;Sg] kl/k|]Iodf k|:t't bfjL k'Ug ;Sg] x'b}g . o;/L jfbLn] h'g gftf k|dfl0ftnfO{ jb/ u/fO{ kfp+m egL bfjL lnPsf] xf] ;f] gftf k|df0f hfn;fhL egL bfjL lnPsf]df ;f] bfjL k'Ug g;Sg] / oL jfbLnfO{ k|= kbdjxfb'/ ;d]tsf] ck'tfnL k|fKt x'g g;Sg] egL 6'+uf] nfuL ;s]sf] kl/k|]Iodf k|:t't gftf k|dfl0ft jb/ u/fO{ gftf k|dfl0ft u/fO{ kfp+m eGg] jfbLn] ;f] s'g} j:t'lgi7 k|df0f ;d]t k]z ug{ g;s]sf] cj:yfdf jfbL bfjL vlDj/ x'g ;Sg] b]lvPg . k|:t't d'2fdf lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nojf6 gftf k|dfl0ft jb/ ;Gbe{df jfbL k|ltjfbL b'j} y/Lsf] ;j"b k|df0fsf] d'NofFsg ljZn]if0f u/L gftf k|dfl0ft jb/ x'g] xf], xf]O{g eGg] ;Gbe{df lhNnf cbfntn] OG;fkm ug{ ;Sg]df lkm/fb} gnfUg] egL d'2f vf/]h ug]{ u/]sf] OG;fkm pN6L u/L ldl;n ;+nUg ;j"b k|df0fsf cfwf/df jfbLsf] k'g/fj]bg lhls/ k'Ug g;Sg] 7x¥ofPsf] k'g/fj]bg cbfntsf] km};nf ldn]s} b]lvFbf ;b/ x'g] .

%= ;o'Qm Ohnf;

dfggLo GofofwLz >L cg"k/fh zdf{ dfggLo GofofwLz >L sNof0f >]i7 ;+jt @)^# ;fnsf] kmf}=k'=g+==== )###

km};nf ldltM @)^$.!).@.$

d'2fM lhpdf:g] j]Rg] .

k'g/fj]bs k|ltjfbLM ob' lu/L lj?4

k|ToyL{ jfbLM /rgf vqL ;d]tsf] hfx]/Ln] g]kfn ;/sf/

k'g/fj]bs k|ltjfbLn] clwsf/

k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf jofg ubf{ cf/f]lkt s;"/df ;fljtL eO{ hfx]/jfnL tLg} hgfnfO{ lrGb5' . lghx? ljleGg ldltdf d]/f] xf]6ndf cfO{ sfd u/L /x+bfsf] ;dodf s]6L vf]Hg cfpg] u|fxsx?;+u lghx?nfO{ cfly{s k|nf]egdf kf/L of}g ;Dks{ ug{ nufPsf] x'+ . ;f] jfkt dnfO{ ?=!)) . s]6Lx?nfO{ ?=@)). kfpg] ub{y] egL n]vfO{ lbPsf] kfO{G5 . lghn] cbfntdf jofg ubf{ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf df}sfdf u/]sf] jofg d]/f] :j]R5f lj?4sf] xf] egL cf/f]lkt s;"/df O{Gsf/L /x]sf] kfO{G5 . t/ kLl8t -hfx]/jfnL_ x? %, ^ dlxgf b]lv cfkm\gf]


10

xf]6ndf gf:tf vfg cfpg] u/]sf]n] lrg]sf] / cfkmg\f] xf]6njf6} k|x/Lx?n] kqmfp u/]sf] tYonfO{ eg] :jLsf/]sf] kfO{G5 . To:t} oL k|ltjfbLn] df}sfdf cfk'mn] u/L lbPsf] sfuhdf pNn]v ePsf] Joxf]/f d]/f] xf]O{g, ;lx5fk / b:tvt;Dd cfkm\gf] ePsf] egL of] olt sf/0fn] dnfO{ ;f] jofg sfuhdf hj/h:tL ;lx5fk Pj+ b:tvt u/fPsf] egL lhls/ lng ;s]sf] ;d]t gb]lvO{ lgh k|ltjfbLsf] :jf:Yo kl/If0f ubf{ ;fdfGo /x]sf] egL e]/L cGrn c:ktfnn] ldlt @)^@.%.#) df k|dfl0ft ul/lbPjf6 k|ltjfbLnfO{ s'g} lsl;dsf] s'6lk6 nufotsf] zfl/l/s dfgl;s oftgf lbO{ hj/h:tL sfuhft tof/ u/]sf /x]5g\ egL eGg dfGg ;lsg] cj:yf klg ePg .

o;sf] cltl/Qm lhpdf:g] j]Rg] sfo{ -lgoGq0f_ P]g, @)$# Ps ljz]if k|s[ltsf] 5'§} sfg"gL k|fjwfg ePsf] P]g eO{ pSt P]gsf] bkmf ^-!_ df P]=P]gsf= bkmf % jdf]lhd ph'/ ug]{ JolQm j]r ljvg ul/Psf] jf j]Zofj[lQdf nufO{Psf] JolQm ePdf / To:tf] JolQm pkl:yt ePdf ;/sf/L jsLnsf] /f]xj/df To:tf] JolQmsf] tTsfn jofg u/fO{ ;f] jofg k|dfl0ft u/fpgsf] nflu ;f] JolQmnfO{ @$ 306f leq glhssf] lhNnf cbfntdf n}hfg' kg]{ jfWofTds sfg"gL Joj:yf eO{

;f]xL bkmfsf] pkbkmf @ df To:tf] ph'/jfnfsf] jofg k|dfl0ft u/fpg NofPdf k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePklg ;DjlGwt lhNnf GofofwLzn] To:tf] jofg k9L jfFrL ;'gfO{ lghn] eg] jdf]lhd n]lvPsf] ePdf ;f]xL Joxf]/f / eg] jdf]lhd gePdf s] slt s'/fdf km/s k5{ ;f] Joxf]/f pNn]v u/L k|dfl0ft u/L lbg' kg]{5 eGg] ;d]t yk sfg"gL Joj:yf eO{ To;/L cbfnt4f/f k|dfl0ft jofgdf pNn]lvt s'/f e'm¶f xf] eGg] k|df0f cleo'Qmn] k'¥ofpg' kg]{ sfg'gL Joj:yf P]=P]gsf] bkmf &-@_ n] u/]jf6 pSt pNn]lvt kLl8t hfx]/jfnLx?sf] cbfntjf6 k|dfl0ft ePsf] jofg cGoyf xf] egL oL k|ltjfbLn] df}lvs O{Gsf/L jofg jfx]s cGo e/kbf]{, 7f]; Pj+ ;To k|tLtnfos k|df0fx? k]z bflvn ug{ ;s]sf] ;d]t kfO{b}g .

ctM dfly pNn]lvt / ljj]lrt sf/0f k|df0f ;d]tsf] cfwf/df oL k'g/fj]bs k|ltjfbL ob' lu/LnfO{ z'? cleof]u bfjL jdf]lhd lhpdf:g] j]Rg] sfo{ -lgoGq0f_ P]g, @)$# sf] bkmf $-u_ sf] s;"/df P]=P]gsf] bkmf *-#_ jdf]lhd s}b jif{ !! -P3f/_ ;hfFo ug]{ u/]sf] z'? lhNnf cbfntsf] km};nf ;b/ ug]{ u/]sf]


11

k'g/fj]bg cbfntsf] km};nf ldn]s} b]lvFbf ;b/ x'g] .

^= ;+o'tm Ohnf; dfggLo GofofwLz >L /fdk|;fb >]i7

dfggLo GofofwLz >L /fds'df/k|;fb zfx ;Djt @)%* ;fnsf] l/6 g+=–––##(*

cfb]z ldltM @)^$.(.!&.#

laifoM pTk|]if0f .

lgj]bsM cJb'n ;d'b d';ndfg ;d]t lj?4

ljkIfLM lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no, ?kGb]xL ;d]t :YffgLo k|zf;g P]g, @)@* sf]

bkmf % sf] pkbkmf -%_ df k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Lsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ b]xfo adf]lhd x'G5 egL b]xfo -s_ df ÆlhNnfdf zflGt, Joj:yf / ;'/Iff sfod /fVg]æ eGg] pNn]v ePsf] kfOG5 . lakIfLdWo]sf clt pNnfx d';ndfgn] k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L ;dIf lga]bg lb+bf oL lgj]bs cJb'n df]dL; ;d]tn] ;fa{hlgs af6f] ;d]t ldrL sJhf ug{ nfu]sf] tyf ;fa{hlgs gfnf k'/L lbPsf] x'bf ;f] vf]nfO{ zflGt ;'/Iffsf] Joj:yf

ldnfO{ kfpF egL pNn]v u/]sf] b]lvG5 . P]gsf] bkmf ( df æk|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Lsf] cGo sfd, st{Jo , clwsf/Æ zLif{s cGtu{t ( sf] pkbkmf -^s_ sf] :ki6Ls/0f v08 -!_df ;fa{hlgs hUufsf] kl/efiff u/]sf] / -^s_df ;/sf/L hUuf jf ;fa{hlgs hUufdf cfˆgf] xs sfod gu/fO{ 3/ jgfPdf 3/ eTsfpg cfb]z lbg] clwsf/ k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/LnfO{ lbPsf] kfOG5 . lakIfLclt pNnfxn] lga]bgdf ;fa{hlgs af6f] tyf gfnf egL pNn]v u/]sf]df ;f] adf]lhd ;fa{hlgs xf] xf]Og < egL k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Ln] :ynut gSzf ;d]t u/fPsf] eGg] pQm sf/jfxL ;DjGwL kmfOnaf6 b]lvG5 . k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Ln] cfˆgf] lg0f{odf lgj]bsx? cJb'n df]lj; d';ndfg / cJb'n ;j'b d';ndfgn] cltpNnfx d';ndfgsf] 3/af6 lg:s]/ ;fa{hlgs u8fxfdf hfg] gfnLsf] O§f eTsfO{ df6f] k'/L kmf]xf]/ kfgL jUg gldNg] u/fO{ lbPsf] / ;f] gfnL x'b} pQ/ blIf0f cfjt hfjt ug]{ k/fk"j{sfn b]lvsf] ufpFsf] % lkm6 rf}8fO{sf] ;fa{hlgs af6f] ldrL cfˆgf] Joltmut 3/sf] kfnL - xf}bL, bfp/f /fVg] :yfg_ jgfO{ ;fa{hlgs af6f] jGb u/]sf] k'li6 x'g cfPsf]n] egL pNn]v u/]sf] kfOG5 . :yfgLo k|zf;g P]g, @)@* sf] bkmf % sf] pkbkmf -%_-


12

s_ adf]lhd lhNnfdf zflGt, Joj:yf / ;'/Iff sfod /fVg] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/LnfO{ ePsf] / pkbkmf -^s_ df ;/sf/L jf ;fa{hlgs hUufdf cfˆgf] xs sfod gu/fO{ s;}n] 3/ jgfPdf eTsfpg cfb]z lbg] clwsf/ ;d]t lglxt eO{/x]sf]df k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Lsf] ;f] lg0f{odf clwsf/sIf]qfTds q'l6 /x]sf] eGg] b]lvb}g . :ynut gS;f ;d]t u/fO{ k|df0fsf] d"NofÍg u/L k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Ln] lg0f{o u/]sf] ca:yfdf ;f] lg0f{odf lrQ gj'e]m Gofo k|zf;g P]g, @)$* sf] bkmf *-!_ adf]lhd k'g/fj]bg ug'{kg]{df ;f] gu/L lgj]bsn] o; cbfntsf] c;fwf/0f clwsf/ If]q u'xf/L l/6 If]qdf k|j]z u/]sf] b]lvof] . lakIfL cltpNnfxsf] lga]bgdf ;fj{hlgs gfnL tyf af6f] egL pNn]v ePsf] / k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Lsf] lg0f{odf ;d]t ;f]xL Joxf]/f pNn]v ePsf]df k|df0fsf] d"NofÍg u/L ;fa{hlgs hUuf / jf6f] x]f jf lgj]bsx?sf] lghL xf] eGg] tYo ;DjGwL s'/fdf k|:t't l/6 lga]bgaf6 x]g{ ldNg] klg b]lvb}g . ctM pNn]lvt cfwf/ / sf/0f ;d]taf6 k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Ln] :yfgLo k|zf;g P]g, @)@* sf] bkmf ( sf] pkbkmf -^s_ n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u

u/L lgj]bsx?n] ;fa{hlgs hUuf ldrL ;fj{hlgs jf6f] / gfnL cj/f]w x'g] u/L 3/sf] kfnL /fv]sf] egL @)%*.!@.!$ df lg0f{o u/]sf] b]lvPsf]n] ;f] lg0f{o pk/ lrQ gj'e]m Gofo k|zf;g P]g, @)$* sf] bkmf * adf]lhd k'g/fj]bg ug'{kg]{df ;f] gu/L c;fwf/0f clwsf/ If]q c+ufnL bfo/ x'g cfPsf] k|:t't l/6 lga]bgaf6 lgj]bssf] dfu jd]flhdsf] cfb]z hf/L x'g g;Sg] .

&= ;+o'Qm Ohnf; dfggLo GofofwLz >L lvn/fh /]UdL dfggLo GofofwLz >L uf}/L 9sfn

;Djt\ @)%( ;fnsf] b]=k'=g++ ==== (@(( )^) ;fnsf] b]=k'=g= (#$) km};nf ldltM @)^%.!.!^.@

d'2fM lg0f{o jb/ xs sfod .

k'g/fj]bs k|ltjfbLM t]hjxfb'/ g]kfnL

lj?4 ljkIfL jfbL g]kfn ;/sf/, e"ld;'wf/ tyf

Joj:yf dGqfno Pj+

k'g/fj]bs k|ltjfbLM :j=emns gf/fo0f >]i7sf] d'=;= ug]{ OZj/L b]jL >]i7

lj?4


13

ljkIfL jfbL g]kfn ;/sf/, e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf dGqfno

;fj{hlgs ?kdf k|of]u eO{ /x]sf]

uf}r/ hUuf vfg] lgotn] jgfj6L k|df0f h'6fO{ k|ltjfbLx?n] cbfntjf6 xs sfod u/fPsf x'Fbf tL k}m;nfx? ;d]t jb/ ug{sf] nflu e"ld ;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf dGqfno s} tkm{jf6 lkm/fb bfo/ eO{ of] d'2fsf] p7fg ePsf] kfO{G5 . ;/sf/L d'2f ;DjGwL P]g, @)$( sf] bkmf @@ cg';f/ ph'/L jf b/vf:t k/L ;f] pk/ cg';Gwfg hfFrj'em jf gfk gS;f u/L d'2f rnfpg] lg0f{o eP/ k|:t't d'2f bfo/ ePsf] cj:yf xf]Og . ;f] P]gsf] pQm k|lqmof cg';f/ d'2f bfo/ x'g] Pp6f k|lqmof xf] . t/ ;f] jfx]s cGo k|lqmofaf6 d'2f bfo/ g} x'g g;Sg] b]lvb}g / To;/L lkm/fb ug{nfO{ s'g} sfg"gn] /f]s nufPsf] jf jlh{t u/]sf] cj:yf kfO{b}g . ;/sf/n] JolQm ;/x gfn]; ug{ gkfpg] eGg klg ldn]g . oxfF pNn]lvt ;/sf/L d'2f ;DjGwL P]gsf] k|lqmofaf6 d'2fsf] p7fg ePsf] 5}g / ;/sf/L jf ;fj{hlgs hUufsf] ;+/If0f ug]{ lhDd]jf/L / bfloTj ePsf] ljefuLo dGqfnoaf6 l;w} lkm/fb bfo/ ePsf] cj:yf 5 . o;/L ;fj{hlgs ?kdf k|of]u ePsf] uf}r/ hUufsf] ;+/If0f ug]{ ljifonfO{ lnP/ ;/sf/ s} tkm{af6

k/]sf] lkm/fbnfO{ cGoyf eGg ldn]g . dfnkf]t P]g, @)#$ sf] bkmf @$ n] ;/sf/L jf ;fj{hlgs hUuf JolQm ljz]ifsf gfpFdf btf{ jf cfjfb u/fpg gx'g] / To;f] u/]df :jtM jb/ x'g] Joj:yf u/]sf] kfO{G5 . To;/L JolQm ljz]ifsf gfddf ePsf] btf{ :jtM ab/ x'g] ljifosf ;DjGwdf xbDofb nfUg ;Sg] cj:yf x'Fb}g / k|:t't d'2fdf xbDofbsf] ;+be{ uf}0f x'g k'u]sf] cj:yf x'Fbf To; tkm{ c? ljrf/ u/L /xg k/]g . t;y{ xbDofbsf] /f]xaf6 k|:t't d'2f vf/]h x'g' kg]{ eGg] k'g/fj]bg lhls/ ;+u ;xdt x'g] cj:yf /x]g . ;fj{hlgs k|s[ltsf] hUufnfO{ JolQm ljz]ifsf gfddf btf{ ug]{ k|lqmof ;d]tnfO{ jb/ ug{sf] nflu k|:t't lkm/fb k/]sf] x'Fbf pQm dfnkf]t P]gsf] bkmf @$ o; d'2fdf cfslif{t x'g] xf]Og eGg] k'g/fj]bg lhls/ ;d]t dgfl;j b]lvPg .

cj ljjflbt ls=g+= @$@ sf] hUuf ;fj{hlgs k|s[ltsf] xf] xf]Og eGg] ;DjGwdf x]bf{ ;f] hUuf @)#) ;fndf ;e]{ gfkL x'Fbf lkmN8j'sdf uf}r/0f elg hlgPsf] kfO{G5 . hUuf - gfkhfFr_ P]g, @)!( sf] bkmf @ -r_ n] ;fj{hlgs ?kdf pkef]u ug{ kfpg] af6f], s'jf, ufO{j:t' lgsfNg] lgsf;, uf}r/, kf6L, kf}jf, b]jn, d7dlGb/, ;fj{hlgs dgf]/~hg ug{] tyf


14

v]ns'b ug]{ 7fpF ;d]tnfO{ ;fj{hlgs hUufsf] ?kdf kl/eflift u/]sf] 5 . o; d'2f ;Fu nufp e} rn]sf] b]=k'=g++ #^) sf] k}m;nf jb/ d'2fdf ldlt )%^.^.! df eO{ cfPsf] gS;f x]bf{ ljjflbt ls=g++ @$@ sf] hUuf leq g=g++ !! sf] sflnsf dlGb/, g=g+= !% sf] led;]g dlGb/, g=g+= # sf] rf}tf/f], g=g++ *,(,!) sf] :s'n ejg ;d]t /x] ePsf] / ;f] hUufsf] ljr efuaf6 df]6/af6f] uPsf] b]lvG5 . ;fy} gS;fjf6 ;f] hUuf cfjfbL gePsf] eGg] ;d]t v'Ng cfp5 . o;/L ;fj{hlgs k|s[ltsf ;+/rgf ;d]t /x] ePsf] pQm huuf ;fj{hlgs k|s[ltsf] g} b]lvg cfPsf] 5 . gfkL x'Fbfsf jvt uf}r/ hlgO{ gfkL x'Fbf k|ltjfbLx?n] s'g} ph'/ jfh'/ ug{ g;s]sf], cfk\mgf] ;fljs btf{n] kqmG5 egL ef]u j;f]jf; ug{ g;s]sf] / ;fj{hlgs ?kdf k|of]u eO{ cfPsf] To:tf] ;fj{hlgs hUufnfO{ k|ltjfbLx?n] b'lift tj/n] xs sfod u/fPs} cfwf/df lghx?sf] xf] eGg' sfg"g ;+ut / Gofo ;+ut x'g ;Sb}g .

ctM dfly ljj]rgf ul/Psf cfwf/ / k|df0faf6 z'? k}m;nf pN6L u/L jfbL bfjL adf]lhd lhNnf cbfntjf6 ePsf] lkm/fb bfjLsf] k}m;nfx? jb/ x'g] / bfjLsf] hUuf ;fj{hlgs sfod x'g]

7x/fPsf] k'g/fj]bg cbfntsf] k}m;nf ldn]s} b]lv+bf ;b/ x'g] .

*= ;+o'Qm Ohnf; dfggLo GofofwLz >L /fh]Gb|s'df/ e08f/L

dfggLo GofofwLz >L sNof0f >]i7 ;+jt\ @)%( ;fnsf] b]=k'=g+=– (#@#

km};nf ldltM @)^$.(.$.$

d'2fM– c+z rng . k'g/fj]bs k|ltjfbLM j'4/Tg v8\uL ;d]t

lj?4 k|ToyL jfbLM wd{ v8\uL

c+z kfpg' kg]{ s'/fnfO{ sfg"g jdf]lhd k|fKt hGdl;4 xs clwsf/sf] ?kdf lng' kg]{ x'G5 . sfg"g k|lts"n s'g} klg JolQmn] c+lzof/lalxg x'g' kg]{ jf k6s k6s c+z kfO/xg] eGg] l:ylt :jLsfo{ x'Fb}g . c+zdf bfjL ug]{ kIfn] cfk"m c+lzof/ ePsf] gftf ;DaGwdf / c+z gkfPsf] s'/f :yflkt ug'{ kb{5 eg] c+z kfO;s]sf] egL k|ltjfb ug]{ kIfn] ;uf]nsf] ;DklQaf6 s'g} ;DklQ jfbLn] kfPsf] eP jfbLn] s] s'g ldltdf s] s'g ;DklQ s] s'g ?kaf6 k|fKt u/]sf] xf], ;f] ;DklQ jfbLsf] xsef]u :jfldTjdf cfPsf]


15

jf lghn] laqmL Jojxf/ bfg bftJo jf c? sf/0faf6 xfn lghsf] lhDdfdf g/x]sf] jf xs :jfldTj ;dfKt ePsf] egL k|i6\ofO{ ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . o:t} lajfb ;dfj]z ePsf] c+z d'2fdf o; cbfntaf6 c+za08f ePsf] lnvt k|df0f Jojxf/ ef]u ;d]taf6 b]lvg] x'g' k5{, k|ltjfbLsf] gfddf w]/} lsQf hUuf 5, t/ jfbLsf] gfddf Ps lsQf klg btf{ gfd;f/L gePsf] kl/k|]Iodf c+za08f e};s]sf] 7x/fpg Gofof]lrt gx'g] -g]=sf=k=@)%) lg=g+=$&$@ k[i7 @^(_ egL l;4fGt k|ltkfbg ePsf] b]lvG5 . pQm sfg"gL l;4fGt k|:t't d'2fdf klg cfslif{t x'g] cj:yf b]lvG5 .

k|:t't d'2fsf jfbLnfO{ lghsL cfdfn] ldlt @)!%.#.#! df k|ltjfbLsf afa'nfO{ gfjfns cj:yfdf lnvt u/L lhDdf nufPsf], k|ltjfbLn] lhls/ lnPsf] ldlt @))@ ;fnsf] kfl/t a08fkqaf6 jfbLsf afa'n] k|fKt u/]sf] eg]sf] ;DklQ k|ltjfbL gfgLd}ofsf gfddf btf{ sfod ePsf] b]lvPsf], jfbLn] k|fKt u/]sf] c+z efusf] ;DklQ jfbLsf gfddf btf{ sfod ePsf] / jfbL kIfn] To:tf] ;DklQ ef]u laqmL Jojxf/ u/]sf] egL k|ltjfbLn] cfˆgf] lhls/ k'li6 ug{ g;s]sf] ;d]tsf cfwf/df x]bf{ oL jfbLn] c+z kfO;s]sf] egL dfGg ldn]g . pk/f]Qm sf/0fx?n]

!((( ;fnsf] 3/;f/sf] lnvt / @))@ ;fnsf] kfl/t lnvtsf] cfwf/df c+za08f eO{;s]sf] egL d'2f bf]xf]¥ofO{ x]g]{ lg:;f k|bfg ubf{ lnOPsf] cfwf/;+u ;xdt x'g ;lsg] cj:yf ePg .

t;y{ dfly laj]lrt ;a'b k|df0f / sfg"gL l;4fGt ;d]tsf cfwf/df jfbLn] bfjL jdf]lhd @ efusf] ! efu c+z kfpg] 7x/ u/]sf] z'? lhNnf cbfntsf k}m;nf ;b/ u/]sf] k'g/fj]bg cbfntsf] k}m;nf ldn]sf] b]lv+bf ;b/ x'g] .

(= ;+o'Qm Ohnf; dfggLo GofofwLz >L jn/fd s]=;L

dfggLo GofofwLz >L tflx/cnL cG;f/L ;Dat @)^@ ;fnsf] l/6 g+= #)*!

cfb]z ldltM @)^$.(.@.@

ljifo M k/dfb]z .

lgj]bsM dfgj clwsf/, jftfj/0f, sfg"g tyf c;n zf;g lqmofsnfk ;dfhsf tkm{af6 clwjQmf ef]h/fh P]/ ;d]t

lj?4 ljkIfLM k|wfgdGqL tyf dlGqkl/ifbsf]

sfof{no l;+xb/jf/ ;d]t


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dfgj clwsf/sf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog Pj+ ;+/If0f / ;Da4{g ug]{ ;DaGwdf :jtGq / :jfoQ lgsfosf] cfjZostf dx;'; u/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] :yfkgf ul/Psf] s'/f dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u P]g, @)%# sf] k|:tfjgfdf pNn]v ePsf] b]lvG5 . k|:t't lgj]bg g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg, @)$& cGtu{t k/]sf] eP tfklg xfn g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# nfu" ePsf] ;Gbe{df x]g'{kg]{ x'G5 . cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# n] cfof]unfO{ ;+j}wflgs cª\usf] ?kdf Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u P]gsf] bkmf ( sf] pkbkmf -!_ df dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f / ;Da4{g ug'{ cfof]usf] k|d'v st{Jo x'g] s'/f pNn]v ul/Psf] kfOG5 . ;f] st{Jo k"/f ug]{ qmddf cfof]un] ljleGg sfdx? ug{ ;Sg] Joj:yf ;f] bkmfdf ul/Psf] 5 . cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f !#@ df ;d]t /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/sf] jf/]df pNn]v ub}{ pkwf/f -!_ df dfgj clwsf/sf] ;Ddfg, ;+/If0f / ;+j4{g tyf To;sf] k|efjsf/L sfof{GjognfO{ ;'lglZrt ug]{ s'/fnfO{ cfof]usf] k|d'v st{Josf] ?kdf Jojl:yt ul/Psf] 5 . o;/L ;+ljwfg tyf P]gåf/f /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]unfO{ dfgj

clwsf/sf] pNnª\3gsf] jf/]df 5fgljg, cg';Gwfg OToflb ug]{ clwsf/ k|bfg ul/Psf] cj:yfdf ;f] ;DaGwL ;+j}wflgs tyf sfg"gL bfloTj k"/f ug'{ cfof]usf] st{Jo x'g] s'/fdf ljjfb x'g ;Sb}g . lgj]bsn] lgj]bgdf cfof]un] cfkm"nfO{ tf]lsPsf] bfloTj cfjZos ulDe/tfk"j{s lgjf{x ug{ g;s]sf] egL pNn]v u/]sf] kfOG5 . cfof]un] cfkm"nfO{ sfg"g adf]lhd tf]lsPsf] lhDd]jf/L k"/f ug{ g;s]df To;sf kbflwsf/L pk/ s] s:tf] sf/jfxL x'g ;Sg] xf] eGg] ;DaGwdf ;+ljwfgn] g} :ki6 Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . s] slt ph'/L k¥of] / s] slt ph'/Ldf 5fgljg u/L km5\of}{6 ug{ ;Sof] eGg] s'/f Pp6f lhDd]jf/ ;+j}wflgs lgsfo cfof]u :jo+n] d"Nofª\sg ug]{ s'/f xf] / cfof]un] ;do ;dodf o; ;DaGwL k|ltj]bg klg ;fj{hlgs ug]{ u/]sf] kfOG5 . s] slt sf/0fn] To:tf ph'/Lx?df kof{Kt dfqfdf 5fgljg x'g g;s]sf] xf] eGg] s'/fsf] ljj]rgf klg :jo+ cfof]un] ug]{ ljifo xf] . To:tf sdL sdhf]/Lx?sf] hfFra'em u/L To:tf sdhf]/Lx?df ;'wf/ ug'{kg]{ jf cGo s'g} ;/sf/L lgsfosf] s:tf] ;xof]u cfjZos x'g] eGg] s'/fsf] klxrfg klg cfof]u :jo+n] ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . o; cbfntsf] c;fwf/0f clwsf/ If]qaf6 tL


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s'/fx? d"NofÍg ul/b}g . ;+ljwfg tyf sfg"gn] s'g} lgsfonfO{ s'g} s'/f ug'{ jf gug'{ egL tf]lslbPsf] cj:yfdf o;/L sfg"g adf]lhd tf]lsPsf] lhDd]jf/L k"/f gu/]df dfq sfg"g adf]lhd ug'{ jf gug'{ eGg] ;Ddsf] cfb]z cbfntn] lbg ;S5 . t/ Pp6f ;+j}wflgs lgsfon] s] slt sfd sf/jfxL ug'{kg]{ xf] < s] slt sfo{ ubf{ To:tf] lgsfon] cfˆgf] bfloTj lgjf{x ug{ ;s]sf] dflgg] xf] eGg] s'/f Gofo lg/f]k0f of]Uo (Justiciable) ljifo x'g ;Sb}g . cbfntn] o:tf] dfkb08 lgwf{/0f ul/lbg] xf]Og . lgj]bsn] s'g} lglZrt cfwf/ ljgf, s'g} lglZrt ljifodf cfof]un] lhDd]jf/L k"/f ug{ g;s]sf] xf] egL bfjL ug{ g;sL vfnL xr'jfsf] e/df kof{Kt ph'/L km5\of}{6 ug{ g;s]sf] eGg] dgf]ut wf/0ff agfO{ cfof]usf] sfo{ Ifdtf dfly k|Zg p7fPsf] b]lvFbf ;f] ;DaGwdf o; cbfntaf6 s'g} cfb]z hf/L x'g' kg]{ cj:yf b]lvPg .

ca, cfof]uåf/f sf/jfxLsf nflu ul/Psf l;kmfl/;x?sf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjogsf nflu ljkIfLx?n] pbfl;gtf b]vfPsf] eGg] csf]{ dfu bfjL tkm{ ljrf/ ug'{kg]{ x'g cfof] . cfof]un] cfˆgf] st{Jo k"/f ug]{ qmddf cGo s'/fx?sf cltl/Qm dfgj clwsf/sf] pNnª\3gstf{ lj?4

sf/jfxLsf nflu l;kmfl/; ug{ ;Sg], dfgj clwsf/ pNnª\3g stf{nfO{ ljefuLo sf/jfxL tyf ;hfo ug{ sf/0f / cfwf/ v'nfO{ ;DalGwt lgsfo ;dIf l;kmfl/; ug]{ h:tf sf/jfxLx? ug{ ;Sg] clwsf/ ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f !#@ sf] pkwf/f -@_ df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . o;/L dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u h:tf] Pp6f ;+j}wflgs lgsfon] dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f / ;+j4{g ug]{ l;nl;nfdf 5fgljg cg';Gwfg u/L cfjZos sf/jfxLsf nflu n]vL k7fPsf] l;kmfl/;sf] sfof{Gjog ug'{ ;DalGwt lgsfosf] st{Jo x'g] s'/fdf b'Odt x'g ;Sb}g . olb cfof]uaf6 k|fKt o:tf] l;kmfl/;nfO{ ulDe/tfk"j{s glng] / sfof{Gjog gul/g] xf] eg] d'n'sn] dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0fsf nflu cGt/f{li6«o ;d"bfo ;dIf u/]sf] k|ltj4tf vf]qmf] ;fljt x'g hfG5 / d"n'sdf dfgj clwsf/sf] pNnª\3gsf 36gfx?n] k|>o kfpg] ub{5g\ . kl/0ffd:j?k b08lxgtfsf] l:ylt d"n'sn] Joxf]g'{ kg]{ x'G5 .

dfgj clwsf/ k|lt g]kfnsf] k|ltj4tf /x]sf] eGg] s'/f g]kfnn] ICCPR h:tf dxTjk"0f{ ;lGw tyf dxf;lGwx?df x:tfIf/ u/L cg'df]bg ;d]t u/]af6 k|i6 x'G5 . xfn;Dd g]kfnn] !* j6f eGbf a9L dfgj clwsf/ ;DaGwL o:tf


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cGt/f{li6«o ;lGw tyf dxf;lGwx?sf] cg'df]bg u/]sf] u/]sf] 5 . g]kfn ;lGw P]g, @)$& ldlt @)$&.*.! af6 nfu" ePsf] 5 . o; P]gsf] bkmf ( df g]kfnn] cg'df]bg u/L g]kfn ;/sf/ kIf ePsf] s'g} ;lGwsf] s'/f k|rlnt sfg'g;Fu aflemPdf ;f] ;lGwsf] k|of]hgsf nflu aflemPsf] xb;Dd k|rlnt sfg'g cdfGo eO{ ;lGwsf] Joj:yf g} g]kfn sfg'g ;/x nfu" x'g] Joj:yf ePsf] 5 . g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# sf] wf/f ## -8_ df /fHo kIf ePsf] cGt/f{li6«o ;lGw ;+emf}tfsf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog ug'{ /fHosf] bfloTj x'g] Joj:yf ;d]t ePsf] b]lvG5 . o;/L g]kfnn] cGt/f{li6«o :t/df dfgj clwsf/ k|lt b]vfPsf] k|ltj4tfsf] k|efjsf/L ?kn] sfof{Gjog ug{sf nflu g} /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] u7g ePsf] xf] / o;n] :jtGq ?kn] sfd ug{ ;sf];\ eg]/ g} xfn o;nfO{ sfg"gL lgsfoaf6 ;Dj}wflgs lgsfodf kl/jt{g ul/Psf] xf] . /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u Ps :jtGq lgsfo xf] . o;n] dfgj clwsf/sf ;DaGwdf lbPsf ;'emfj, k|lts[of Pj+ lgb]{zg kfngf ug'{ ;/sf/sf] st{Jo x'g cfpF5 . h;/L cbfntn] hf/L u/]sf cfb]z lgb]{zgx? ;/sf/n] kfngf ug'{kg]{ x'G5 p;}u/L

dfgj clwsf/sf] k|efjsf/L ;+/If0f / kl/kfng ug]{ qmddf cfof]un] lbPsf o:tf ;'emfj, k|lts[of / lgb]{zgx? ;/sf/n] kfng ug'{kg]{ x'G5 .

cfof]uaf6 hf/L ul/Psf] lgb]{zg jf cfb]z jf l;kmfl/;x?sf] sfof{Gjog ug]{ l;nl;nfdf ;/sf/ k|ltj4 x'g' kb{5 / To;sf] nflu ljz]if k|of;x? ul/g' kg]{ x'G5 . ;+ljwfg tyf sfg"gn] g} cfof]unfO{ o; ;DaGwdf clwsf/ ;DkGg agfPsf] 5 . dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/Ifsf] nflu cfof]uaf6 hf/L ePsf] cfb]z jf lgb]{zg sfof{Gjog ug]{ jf cfof]uaf6 ul/Psf] l;kmfl/; jf ;'emfj sfof{Gjog ug]{ ;/sf/n] s'g} Ifs and Buts sf] lhls/ ug{ x'b}g . cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f !#@ -@_ sf] v08 -h_ df dfgj clwsf/sf] pNnª\3gsf ;DaGwdf /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]un] u/]sf] l;kmfl/; jf lgb]{zg kfngf jf sfof{Gjog gug]{ kbflwsf/L, JolQm jf lgsfosf] gfd sfg"g adf]lhd ;fj{hlgs u/L dfgj clwsf/ pNnª\3gstf{sf] ?kdf clen]v ug{ ;Sg] Joj:yf ul/Psf] kfOG5 . o;}u/L cfof]un] cfˆgf] sfd sf/jfxL ;DaGwL k|ltj]bg k|wfgdGqL ;dIf k|:t't ug]{ / k|wfg dGqLn] o:tf] k|ltj]bg Joj:yflksf ;+;b ;dIf k]z ug]{


19

;+j}wflgs Joj:yfn] ubf{ klg cfof]un] u/]sf] l;kmfl/; sfof{Gjog x'g ;Sof] ;s]g eGg] ;DaGwdf ;fj{ef}d hgtfsf] k|ltlglwd"ns lgsfo Joj:yflksf ;+;bsf] 5nkmnsf] ljifo x'g uO{ ;/sf/ g} hjfkmb]xL aGg' kg]{ x'G5 . dfly g} klg pNn]v ePs} 5 ls s'g} lgsfon] sfg"g adf]lhd k"/f ug'{kg]{ cfˆgf] bfloTjsf] kfngf s] slt dfqfdf ug{ ;Sof] jf ;s]g eGg] s'/f justiciable x'g ;Sb}g . olb cfof]usf] s'g} l;kmfl/; sfof{Gjog gePsf] sf/0fn] s;}sf] ;+ljwfg Pj+ sfg"g k|bQ xssf] pNnª\3g x'g uPsf] cj:yfdf ;Dd dfq kLl8t JolQmsf] lgj]bg kg{ cfPdf o; cbfntn] cfˆgf] c;fwf/0f clwsf/ k|of]u u/L To:tf] xssf] k|rng u/fpg ;Sg] x'G5 . t/ lgj]bsn] cfof]usf] s'g} l;kmfl/; sfof{Gjog gePsf] sf/0fn] cfˆgf] jf c? s;}sf] of] o:tf] xssf] xgg x'g uPsf] egL :ki6;Fu bfjL lng ;s]sf] b]lvFb}g . o:tf] cj:yfdf :ki6 dfu bfjL glnO{ kg{ cfPsf] k|:t't lgj]bgsf] /f]xaf6 lgj]bg dfu adf]lhdsf] cfb]z hf/L ug{ ldNg] gb]lvFbf k|:t't lgj]bg vf/]h x'g] .

!)= ;+o'Qm Ohnf; dfggLo GofofwLz >L /fds'df/k|;fb zfx dfggLo GofofwLz >L /fh]Gb|k|;fb sf]O/fnf ;Djt\ @)^! ;fnsf] kmf}=k'=g+= ––##%*

km};nf ldltM @)^$.&.@^.@

d'2fM Hofg dfg]{ pBf]u . k'g/fj]bs jfbLM k|]daxfb'/ kf}8]nsf]

hfx]/Ln] g]kfn ;/sf/ la?4

k|ToyL{ k|ltjfbLM /fdaxfb'/ kf}8]n

hfx]/jfnf / k|ltjfbL ;xf]b/ bfh'efO{ /x]sf] / lghx?sL cfdfsf gfddf /x]sf] hUuf Psnf}6L vfg] u/L k|ltjfbLn] cfkm\gf] gfpdf u/fPsf]df ;f] hUuf kLl8tn] lkmtf{ u/fPsf] l/;OjLn] ldlt @)%(.$.@( ut] v]tdf sfd u/L /x]sf] ;dodf k|ltjfbLn] hfx]/jfnfnfO{ 9'+ufn] xfGbf hfx]/jfnf efu]sf]df k|ltjfbLn] nv]6\b} uO{ v'kf{ h:tf] hf]lvdL wfl/nf] xltof/n] kLl8tsf] 6fpsf]df k|xf/ u/]sf] / k'gM k|xf/ ug{ vf]Hbf v'kf{sf] la+8 hfx]/jfnfn] ;dft]sf] / s/fPkl5 ;+u} ePsf sfhL /fO{n] / tTsfn cfO{ k'u]sf 7fn'dfg kf}8]nn] v'kf{ vf];]sf] sf/0f k|ltjfbLsf] Hofg aRg uPsf] tYo hfx]/L b/vf:t, ;f]xL ldngsf] kLl8tsf] cbfntdf ePsf] askq Pj+ k|ltjfbLn]


20

cg';+wfg clwsf/L ;dIf u/]sf] aofgjf6 ;d]t b]lvg cfpF5 . hfx]/jfnfn] klxn] b]lvg} cfkm"nfO{ ;tfPsf]n] 9'+uf l6kL 9f8df xfg]sf] To;kl5 v'kf{n] Ps k6s xfgL csf]{ k6s k|xf/ ug{ vf]Hbf v'kf{ ;dftL k|xf/ ug{ lbPgg egL s;"/hGo s'/fnfO{ :jLsf/ u/L k|ltjfbLn] jofg u/]sf 5g . ;fy} 36gf:yndf ;+u} /x]sf sfhL /fO{sf] v'kf{ vf]:g] 7fn'dfgsf] cbfntdf ePsf] js;kqjf6 hUuf ;DjGwL lajfb x'Fbf Hofg dfg]{ p2]Zon] k|ltjfbLn] hfx]/jfnfnfO{ k|xf/ u/]sf] / v'kf{ cfkm"n] ;dftL lbPsf] egL cfkm\gf] jskqdf pNn]v u/]sf 5g . To:t} 8Dj/jxfb'/ nufotsf JolQmn] v'kf{ k|xf/ ug{ g/f]s]sf] eP Hofg dg{ ;SYof] egL k|ltjfbLn] Hofg dfg]{ pBf]u u/]sf] egL cfkm\gf] jskqdf JoQm u/]sf] kfOG5 . ldl;n ;+nUg kLl8tsf] 3f hfFr s]z kmf/fddf An incised wound and two multiple abrasion egL pNn]v u/]sf] ;d]t b]lvg cfpF5 . Hofg ;DjGwL dxnsf] !% g+= df Hofg dfg]{ dg;fon] uf]nL rnfpg] jf jd xfGgt] jf 3fts xltof/n] sf6\g] jf dfg{sf nflu c? h'g;'s} s'/fsf] pBf]u u/L dg]{ ;Ddsf] sfd u/]sfdf s'g} sf/0fn] Hofg dg{ kfPsf] eg] /x]g5 eg] To:tf] sfd ug]{ / ug{ nufpg] tyf ;f] 7fpFdf uO{ jrg

lbg] jf d2t ug]{nfO{ kfFr jif{ b]lv jfx| jif{;Dd s}b ug'{k5{ eGg] sfg"gL Joj:yf /x]s]f 5 . ;f] Joj:yfn] Hofg dfg{ pBf]usf] s;"/ x'gsf nflu kLl8tnfO{ nfu]sf] rf]6 jf 3fpsf] dfqf / kl/df0f dxTjk"0f{ / lg0ff{os tTj x'g] geO{ Hofg dfg]{ dg;fon] k|xf/ ul/Psf] / Hofg dg{ gkfPsf] jfws tTjsf] ljBdfgtf lyof] lyPg eGg] g} dxTjk"0f{ x'g cfpF5 . k|xf/stf{sf] dg;fo / lgot 5'6\ofpg] cfwf/ p;sf] sfo{ / cfk/flws lqmofjf6 g} kQf nufpg' kb{5 . oL k|ltjfbLn] kLl8tnfO{ klxn] 9'+uf k|xf/ u/]sf] / lgh efu]kl5 v'kf{ h:tf] wfl/nf] xltof/ lnO{ nv6\b} uO{ 6fpsf]df Psk6s k|xf/ u/L ;lsO{ bf];|f] k6s k|xf/ ubf{ kLl8t hfx]/jfnf :jo+n] cfkm" jRg v'kf{sf] jL8 ;dftL nft d'Ssfn] k|ltjfbLnfO{ xfg]sf] / t];|f] JolQm 7fn'dfg kf}8nn] cfO{ 5'6\ofPsf] cj:yf ldl;njf6 b]lvbf bf];|f] k6ssf] k|sf/ cfkm}n] 5]s]sf] geP tyf 7fn'dfgn] 36gf:yndf k'uL pQm v'kf{ gvf];]sf]] eP lgh pk/ k'gM k|sf/ eO{ hfx]/jfnf oL kLl8tsf] Hofg dg]{ g} x'GYof] eGg] ldl;nsf] ;Dk"0f{ cWoogjf6 lgh k|ltjfbLsf] dfg]{ dg;fo :ki6 /x]s]f b]lvG5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf lgh k|ltjfbLn] v'kf{ h:tf] hf]lvdL wfl/nf] xltof/sf] k|of]u u/L klxnf] k|sf/ u/L ;lsO{ bf];|f]


21

k|xf/ cfkm}n] 5]s]sf] / 7fn'dfgn] v'kf{ vf];L cj/f]w u/]sf] b]lvbf ;f]xL sf/0fn] lgh hfx]/jfnfsf] Hofg dg{ gkfPsf] b]lvbf Hofg ;DjGwL dxnsf] !% g+= sf] cj:yf sfo{ / ck/flws lqmof lgh k|ltjfbLjf6 ePsf] b]lvg cfpF5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf lgh k|ltjfbLsf] Hofg dfg]{ dg;fo lyPg egL eGg g;lsg] x'G5 . ;fy} lgh hfx]/jfnfnfO{ nfu]sf] 3fpsf] kl/df0f / dfqf ;fgf] / dg{ g;Sg] k|s[ltsf] 5 eGg] cfwf/df lgh k|ltjfbLsf] Hofg dfg]{ dg;fosf] tyf cj/f]w k'/\ofpg] t];|f] tTjsf] ljBdfgtfdf lghnfO{ s;"/jf6 pGd'lQm lbg ;lsg] cj:yf b]lvb}g .

t;y{ dfly pNn]lvt tYo, cfwf/ / sf0fjf6 lgh k|ltjfbLn] kLl8t hfx]/jfnfnfO{ Hofg dfg]{ dg;fon] v'kf{ h:tf] wfl/nf] xltof/n] 6fpsf]df Psk6s k|sf/ u/L ;s]kl5 k'gM csf]{ k6s k|xf/ ubf{ kLl8t :jo+sf] k|ltsf/ / t];|f] kIfsf] pkl:ytL / Jojwfgsf] sf/0f lghsf] Hofg dg{af6 aRg uPsf] b]lvPsf]n] lgh k|ltjfbLn] Hofg ;DjGwLsf] !% g+= sf] s;"/ u/]sf] b]lvPsf] cj:yfdf Hofg dfg]{ pBf]u u/]sf] 7x/fpg' kg]{df k|ltjfbLnfO{ cleof]u bfjLaf6 ;kmfO{ lbg]u/L ePsf] k'g/fj]bg cbfntsf] km};nf ldn]sf] gx'Fbf pN6L x'g] / z'? lhNnf cbfntn] cleof]u

bfjL cg';f/ k|ltjfbLnfO{ s;"/bf/ 7x/fO{ ^ aif{ s}b ug]{ u/]sf] km};nf dgfl;j 7xg]{ .

!!= ;+o'Qm Ohnf;

dfggLo GofofwLz >L sNof0f >]i7 dfggLo GofofwLz >L uf}/L 9sfn

;Djt @)^) ;fnsf] ;fws g+=– #*^ km};nf ldltM @)^$.!!.!&.^

d'2f– st{Jo Hofg .

jfbLM /fd:j?k bg'jf/sf] hfx]/Ln] g]kfn

;/sf/ lj?4

k|ltjfbLM l8saxfb'/ a/fOnL ;d]t

d[tssf] d[To' log} k|ltjfbLx?sf] s'6kL6sf] sf/0fn] ePsf] xf] jf cGo s'g} sf/0faf6 ePsf] xf], egL lg0f{o lbg' kg]{ eO{ To;tkm{ ljrf/ ubf{ ldlt @)%*.@.@! df s'df/ a/fOnL;+u emu8f ePsf] / 5f]/f ;fxfb]j bg'jf/n] s'df/ a/fOnLnfO{ s'6kL6 u/]sf sf/0f l/;OjL lnO{ ldlt @)%*.@.@# sf lbg d[ts ;xb]j bg'jf/nfO{ k|ltjfbLx? l8saxfb'/ a/fOnL, vu]Gb| afF:sf]6f, s'df/ eGg] v8fgGb afF:sf]6f, ljg' a/fOnL,


22

eStaxfb'/ /fO{, arg vgfn / o'j/fh a/fOnL ;d]tn] nf7L tyf 9'+uf;d]t k|xf/ u/L s'6kL6 u/]sf] / ;f]xL s'6kL6sf sf/0faf6 5f]/f ;xb]jsf] d[To' ePsf]n] lgh l8saxfb'/ a/fOnL ;d]tsf JolStx?nfO{ kqmfp u/L Hofg ;DaGwL dxn adf]lhd ;hfo ul/kfpFm egL lgh d[tssf lktf /fd :j?k bg'jf/n] k|x/Ldf hfx]/L b/vf:t lbPsf] b]lvG5 . k|ltjfbL dWo]sf l8saxfb'/ a/fOnLn] clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf aofg ubf{ d[ts ;xb]j bg'jf/nfO{ cfkm" ;d]tsf s'df/ a/fOnL, o'j/fh a/fOnL, ljg' a/fOnL,eStaxfb'/ /fO{, arg vgfn, vu]Gb| afF:sf]6f / s'df/ eGg] v8fgGb afF:sf]6f ;d]tn] afF; tyf sf7sf nf7L / d'Ssfn] ;d]t k|xf/ u/]sf] xf] egL ;fljtL e} aofg u/]sf] b]lvPsf] / cGo k|ltjfbLx?n] klg clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf aofg ubf{ jf/bftdf ;+nUg /xL cfkm"x?n] ;d]t d[tsnfO{ k|xf/ u/]sf] s'/f :jLsf/ u/L/x]sf] ldl;naf6 b]lvG5 . lgh k|ltjfbLx?n] cbfnt ;dIf aofg ubf{ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf u/]sf] ;fljtL aofgnfO{ OGsf/ ub}{ 36gfdf cfkm"x?sf] ;+nUgtf g/x]sf] / k|x/Ldf cfkm"x?nfO{ s'6kL6 u/L aofg u/fPsf] eGg] lhls/ lnPsf] b]lvPsf] t/ To;/L s'6kL6 u/fO{ ha/h:tL aofg u/fP pk/

cbfntdf lgj]bg lbO{ 3f hfFr u/fpg' kg]{df s'g} lgj]bg ;d]t lbPsf] / 3f hfFr ;d]t u/fPsf] cj:yf gb]lv+bf s]jn cbfntdf cfO{ OGsf/L ub}{df To:tf] OGsf/LnfO{ ;xL ;fFrf] dfGg ldNg] cj:yf b]lvg cfPg . zj k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg x]bf{ æThe cause of death is due to head injury caused by blunt weaponÆ eGg] pNn]v ePsf] b]lvG5 . df}sfdf a'lemPsf ;'/]g ;'j]bL, /fh]g bg'jf/ / nId0f ljZjsdf{ ;d]tsf] jf/bft:yndf k|ToIf ?kdf pkl:yt JolStx?n] oL pNn]lvt k|ltjfbLx?n] d[ts ;xfb]j bg'jf/nfO{ s'6kL6 u/]sf x'g egL clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L / cbfnt ;dIf cfO{ askq ubf{ ;d]t d[tsnfO{ k|ltjfbLx?n] s'6kL6 u/]sf x'g egL askq u/L lbPsf] b]lvG5 . o;/L dfly pNn]lvt hfx]/L b/vf:tsf] Joxf]/f, k|ltjfbLx?n] clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf u/]sf] ;fljlt aofg, df}sfdf 36gf:yndf k|ToIf ?kdf pkl:yt ;'/]g ;'j]bL nufotsf JolStx?sf] clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf u/L lbPsf] sfuh tyf cbfntdf u/]sf] askq,zj k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg tyf 36gf:yn d'r'Nsf ;d]tsf cfwf/af6 oL d[ts ;fxfb]j bg'jf/sf] d[To' cGo sf/0faf6 ePsf] geO{ log} k|ltjfbLx?sf]


23

s'6kL6sf] sf/0faf6 ePsf] /x]5 eGg] s'/fdf ljjfb /x]g .

o;/L dfly pNn]lvt cfwf/ / sf/0faf6 oL d[ts ;fxfb]j bg'jf/sf] d[To' oLg} k|ltjfbLx?sf] s'6kL6af6 ePsf] /x]5 eGg] olsg e} ;s]kl5 k|ltjfbL dWo] sf] s;sf] k|xf/af6 oL d[tssf] d[To' ePsf] xf] < ;f] tkm{ ljrf/ ug'{kg]{ b]lvg cfPsf] 5 . hfx]/jfnfn] hfx]/L lb+bf d[tssf] d[To' o;}sf] k|xf/af6 ePsf] xf] egL ls6fgL ;fy hfx]/L b/vf:tdf pNn]v u/]sf] b]lvb}g eg] oL k|ltjfbLx?n] klg clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf aofg ubf{ oL d[tsnfO{ cfkm"x?n] s'6kL6 u/]sf] s'/fdf Ps csf{nfO{ kf]nfkf]n ub}{ aofg u/]sf] b]lvG5 . df}sfdf a'lemPsf k|ToyL{sf ?kdf jf/bft:yndf pkl:yt /x]sf ;'/]g ;'j]bL nufotsf JolSTfx?n] klg oL k|ltjfbLx?n] d[ts ;fxfb]j bg'jf/nfO{ afF;sf ef6f, afF; / d'Ssf tyf nftn] ;d]t d[tssf] z/L/sf

ljleGg efudf k|xf/ u/]sf x'g egL aofg u/]sf] b]lvG5 . o;/L 36gfqmdnfO{ x]bf{ d[tssf] d[To' k|ltjfbLx? DfWo]sf] s;sf] k|xf/af6 ePsf] xf] eGg] olsg ug{ ;Sg] cj:yf g/x]sf] / k|ltjfbL ;a}n] k6s k6s d[tsnfO{ s'6kL6 u/]sf] sf/0faf6 lghsf] d[To' ePsf] cj:yf b]lvPsf] / lgh k|ltjfbLx?s} s'6kL6sf sf/0faf6 lgh d[ts ;fxfb]j bg'jf/sf] d[To' ePsf] s'/fdf s'g} ljjfb Pj+ cfz+sf gb]lvPsf] / o;}sf] k|xf/af6 lgh d[tssf] d[To' ePsf] xf] egL olsg ;fy eGg ;lsg] cj:yf gx'Fbf k|ltjfbLx? l8saxfb'/ a/fOnL, v8fgGb afF:sf]6f, vu]Gb| afF:sf]6f, arg eGg] clht/fh vgfn / eStaxfb'/ /fO{nfO{ cleof]u bfjL adf]lhd Hofg ;DaGwL dxnsf] ! / !#-#_ g+= sf] s;"/df P]= dxnsf] !#-#_ g+= adf]lhd hGds}b x'g] 7x¥ofO{ k'g/fj]bg cbfntjf6 ePsf] km};nf ldn]s} b]lv+bf ;b/ x'g] .

;jf]{rr cbfnt j'n ]l6g · 2010. 4. 15. · ;jf]{rr cbfnt j'n ]l6g 3 lgj]bg lhls/ /x ]sf ]...

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