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A PRESENTATION ON JHUM CULTIVATION

Presenting Ovi

Chakma 14-05997

Jhum cultivationCultivation method & harvesting &

cultivated cropsFavour of jhum cultivationAgainst jhum cultivationJhum cultivation in Bd.

Contents

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WHAT IS JHUM/SHIFTING CULTIVATION?

An indigenous cultivation method in agriculture.Farmers slash and burn a patch of land and start growing food crops.When soil fertility declines they shift to another place, burn jungle again.

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CULTIVATION METHODThe small trees, shrubs and herbs are usually cut down in the month of December-February.

Then, they are kept several months for sun drying.

After drying they are burned and different types of seed are sown.

Crops are harvested at the time of their ripeness.

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SEED SOWING In jhuming, seeds are sown after the first rain in April. A broad

blade knife commonly known as ‘Dao’ is used to sow the seeds. Small holes are made throughout the field by dao and a mixture of different crop seeds are placed in them.

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PROTECTION & CARING Very little weeding is carried out except in some cases when it is considered necessary to provide protection against damages caused by wild animals and birds.

Jhum Ghor

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CROPS CULTIVATED/FOUUND IN JHUM

The main crops generally grown in jhum include rice, maize, millet, sesame, cucumber, pumpkin, melon, red amaranth, stringbean, cotton, banana, ginger, turmeric etc.

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HARVESTING

Crops are harvested in succession as they ripe between July and December.

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TOTAL JHUM CULTIVATION

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FAVOUR OF JHUM CULTIVATION Uses forest’s natural cycle of regeneration. Organic farming, doesn’t use pesticides or chemical fertilizers. Burned

trees provides potash, zinc etc. Jhum causes only temporary loss of jungle. Because once monsoon over

farmers abandon the land for 8-10 yrs. and jungle regenerate quickly. It is the only source of livelihood for some tribal people. Jhuming done in steep hill slopes where sedentary cultivation is not

possible. Overall, jhum cultivation is both productive and ecologically

sustainable.

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AGAINST JHUM CULTIVATIONFor the regeneration of jungle 10 years needed, but now-a-days farmers come back in 4-5 yrs. Not enough time for regeneration.Jhum farming families always suffer from food, fuel and fodder problems, leading to poverty and malnutrition.Tons of biomass loss due to burning of trees.Tree burning leads to;

1. higher CO2, NO2 and other greenhouse gases, 2. higher run off of rainwater. Hence draught, drinking water shortage. 3. Soil erosion, siltation in dams.

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SOMETHING YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT JHUM CULTIVATION

When cycle of shifting becomes shorter, the biomass of the soil increases.

Theoretically, jhuming is less harmful to ecology then monoculture.

Different crops can be cultivated at a time.

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JHUM CULTIVATION IN BD.

Jhum cultivation is an age-old, rain-fed cultivation method practiced by the Indigenous people on the hills and slopes of the Chittagong Hill Tracts.

Most tribal people are well acquainted with this type of farming. Jhuming is practiced on sloppy hills outside reserve forests. At present, about 20,000 hectares of land are being brought under jhum cultivation every year, decaying 100 to 250 metric tons of crops per hectare of land.

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Anyone Wants To Know Anything????

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REFERENCE:

Web Links:

http://www.agriculturesnetwork.org/magazines/global/ecological-process..

http://www.nesfas.org http://print.thefinancialexpress-bd.com http://scialert.net/fulltext/?doi=ajar.2011.109.114&org=12 DAE (Department of Agricultural Extension) 2009. Annual

Report of Additional Director Office, DAE, Banarupa, Rangamati, Bangladesh.

JUU JUU BEKKUNORE(THANK YOU EVERYONE)

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