JIVANTIJIVANTIJIVANTIJIVANTI¼thoUrh½¼thoUrh½¼thoUrh½¼thoUrh½

FACULTY OF AYURVEDAFACULTY OF AYURVEDAFACULTY OF AYURVEDAFACULTY OF AYURVEDA

INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCESINSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCESINSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCESINSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES

BANARAS HINDU UNIVERSITYBANARAS HINDU UNIVERSITYBANARAS HINDU UNIVERSITYBANARAS HINDU UNIVERSITY

Class: BAMS 3

Admission Batch: 2005

JIVANTIJIVANTIJIVANTIJIVANTI

FACULTY OF AYURVEDAFACULTY OF AYURVEDAFACULTY OF AYURVEDAFACULTY OF AYURVEDA

INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCESINSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCESINSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCESINSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES

BANARAS HINDU UNIVERSITYBANARAS HINDU UNIVERSITYBANARAS HINDU UNIVERSITYBANARAS HINDU UNIVERSITY

Compiled By:

Shilpy GuptaShilpy GuptaShilpy GuptaShilpy Gupta Roll No. 05431041

Class: BAMS 3rd

Prof.

Admission Batch: 2005

Jivanti

¼thoUrh½¼thoUrh½¼thoUrh½¼thoUrh½

Leptadenia Reticulata Wight & Am.

Family : Asclepiadaceae

English : Leptadenia Sanskrit Name : Jivanti, Jivani, Madhusrava Hindi : Dori Gujrati : Dodi, Nahnidodi, Khirkhodi Tamil : Palaikkodi, Palakudai

BOTANICAL BOTANICAL BOTANICAL BOTANICAL DESCRIPTIONDESCRIPTIONDESCRIPTIONDESCRIPTION:

It grows in the sub-Himalayan tracts of Punjab, U.P. and throughout the Deccan Peninsula up to an altitude of 900 m, in India. L.reticulata is a much-branched twining shrub. The bark is yellowish brown, corky, deeply cracked; the leaves are ovate-cordate, coriaceous glabrous above, more or less finely pubescent beneath; the flowers are in many-flowered cymes, greenish yellow; the follicles are sub-woody and turgid.

Known as jivanti (or svarnajivantz) in Sanskrit literature, the name (jiv = life) indicates that the plant is considered to have the ability to bestow health and vigour. It is considered to be a rasayana and included among the 10 drugs constituting the]ivaniya gana or 'vitalizing group.

AAAAYURVEDIC PROPERTIESYURVEDIC PROPERTIESYURVEDIC PROPERTIESYURVEDIC PROPERTIES::::

Rasa : Madhur (sweet) Guna : Laghu (light), snigdha (unctuous) Veerya : Shita (cold) Vipaka : Madhur (sweet) Dosha : Balances tridosha

----::::SOME SOME SOME SOME REFERENCES IN AYURVEDIC TEXTREFERENCES IN AYURVEDIC TEXTREFERENCES IN AYURVEDIC TEXTREFERENCES IN AYURVEDIC TEXTSSSS / TREATISE/ TREATISE/ TREATISE/ TREATISE ABOUTABOUTABOUTABOUT::::----

vk”P;¨ru gsrq %vk”P;¨ru gsrq %vk”P;¨ru gsrq %vk”P;¨ru gsrq % (Use in Aaschyotana)

æk{kke/kqde´~ft’Bkthouh;S%A

çkrjk”P;¨rua iF;a”k¨Fk”kwykf{kj¨fx.kke~AA ¼pØnÙk&us=j®xfp0 28½

Jivanti comes under Jivaniya Ganawhich is usedas Aschyotan Dravyas for eye

ailments along with other drugs. (Chakradutta)

thouh;x.k %thouh;x.k %thouh;x.k %thouh;x.k % (Jivaniya Gana)

us=j¨x¨ esa æk{kkfn fl) nw/k dk vk”P;¨ru

thoUrh e/kqjk”khrklqfLuX/kk xzkkfg.kh y?kq%%%%A

p{kq’;k loZ n¨’k?uh cY;k;q’;k jlk;uhAA ¼dS;nsofu?k.Vq½

Jivanti is madhura, sheeta, snigdha, grahi. Laghu, chakshushya, balya, Ayushya,

Doshahara and Rasayana. (Kaiydev Nighantu)

Lo.kZthofUrdk o`’;k p{kq’;k e/kqjk rFkk A

f”kf”kjk okrfiÙkklzXnkgftr~cyof/kZuhAA ¼jktfu?k.Vq½

Swarna Jivanti is Vrishya, chakshushya, madhura, sheeta, balya, Vata-Pitta hara

and Rasayana. (Raj Nighantu)

uäkU/; fuokj.kkFkZ %uäkU/; fuokj.kkFkZ %uäkU/; fuokj.kkFkZ %uäkU/; fuokj.kkFkZ %

?k`rsfl)kfu thoUR;k%%%%iYyokfu p Hk{k;sr~A rFkkfreqädSj.M”kSQkY;fHk:tkfu p A Hk`’Va ?k`ra dqEHk;¨fu% i=S% ikus p iwftre~ AA ¼v0 g`0 m0 13@88]89½

ROLE IN NIGHT BLINDNESS:ROLE IN NIGHT BLINDNESS:ROLE IN NIGHT BLINDNESS:ROLE IN NIGHT BLINDNESS:

Shaka (leafy Vegetables ) are beneficial in curing Night Blindness.

Jivanti Shaka along with other shaka prepared in ghrita is used for curing

Naktandhya (Night Blindness). (A.H.U.-13/88)

LkoZ “kkde;e p{kq’;a p{kq’;a “kkdi´~pde~ A

thoUrh okLrq eRL;k{kh es?kukn% iquuZok AA ¼;ks0 j0 1½ All Shaka are chakshushya especially Shaka Pancham :Jivanti, Vastuka,

Matsyaakshi, Meghnaad And Punarnava (YogaRatnakara-1) p{kq’;k loZ n¨’k?uh thoUrh e/kqjk fgek A ¼/k0 fu?k.Vq½

Jivanti is chakshushya, sarvadoshhara, Madhura and Sheeta.(Dhanwantari Nighantu)

p{kq’;k loZ n¨’k?uh thoUrh leqnkg`rk AA ¼lq0½ Jivanti is exampled as chakshushya and sarvadoshaghni. (Sushruta)

jlk;uh cydkjh p{kq’;k xzkkfg.kh y?kq% A % A % A % A ¼Hkk0 fu0½

Jivanti is Rasayani, Balakari, chakshushya, Grahi, and Laghu. (Madhava Nidana)

vk;qo`f)dja us«;a xq: n¨’k=;kige~ A ¼l0Ek0½

Jivanti is Ayuvriddhikara, Netrya, Guru and doshahara. (S.M.)

thoUrh “kkda lqfu’..kda p lr.Mqyh;a ojokLrqda p A

fpYyh rFkk ewydi¨frda p n`f’VfgZra “kkdqua tkaxy´~pAA ¼lq0½

Jivanti is along with other ingredients is beneficial to cure Timira Roga. (Sushruta)

thoUrh ”khryk Loknq% fLuX/kk n¨’k=;kigk A

jlk;uh cydkjh p{kq’;k xzkkfg.kh y?kq% A % A % A % A ¼Hkk0 ç0½

Jivanti is sheetala, Madhura, Snigdha, Tridoshahara, Rasayani, Balakari,

chakshushya, Grahi and Laghu. (Bhava Prakasha)

thoUrh “kkda “kkdkue~A ¼p0 lw0 25½

Jivanti is best among all Shaka (Leafy Vegetables) (Charaka Sutra sthana-25)

PRINCIPAL PRINCIPAL PRINCIPAL PRINCIPAL CONSTITUENTS:CONSTITUENTS:CONSTITUENTS:CONSTITUENTS:

The plant contains a triterpenoid, leptadenol (C30H50O). It also contained n-triacontane, cetyl alcohol, ß-sitosterol, ß-amyrin acetate, lupanol 3-O diglucoside and leptidin1.

Other Chemicals:

1. Saponin 2. Flavonoid 3.Luteolin 4.Diosmtin 5.Tannin

Leaves contain two resins but motanin and also a bitter neutral principle, albuminous and colourising matter, Ca-oxalate, glucose, carbohydrate and same tartaric acid. It also contains Gymnemic and which posses anti-saccharine Property.

The plant is stimulant and restorative and shows anti-bacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.

HABITATHABITATHABITATHABITAT::::

Found in the sub-Himalayan tracts of Punjab and Uttar Pradesh and throughout the Deccan peninsula up to an altitude of 900 m and found particularly in hedges. It is also distributed throughout Mauritius, Madagascar, Sri Lanka, the Himalayas and Burma.

BOTABOTABOTABOTANICAL DESCRIPTIONNICAL DESCRIPTIONNICAL DESCRIPTIONNICAL DESCRIPTION::::

A twining shrub, with numerous branches, the stems of which have a cork-like, deeply cracked bark, glabrous in the younger ones. Leaves coriaceous, ovate, acute, glabrous above, finely pubescent below. Flowers greenish-yellow, in lateral or subaxillary cymes, often with small hairs. Fruit follicles may be woody. The external surface of the root is rough, white or buff coloured with longitudinal ridges and furrows, and in transverse section, the wide cork, lignified stone cell layers and medullary rays can be seen.' In commerce, the root samples vary from 3 to 10 cm in length and 1.5 to 5 cm in diameter.

PHARMACOLOGY:PHARMACOLOGY:PHARMACOLOGY:PHARMACOLOGY:

A number of studies have been carried out on the galactagogue property of the plant in laboratory animals. Studies on the lactogenic property of L.reticulata were

carried out on lactating rats using pup weight, body weight of mother rats, and histopathological study of lactating mammary gland, as well as the secretory rating, parenchyma percentage, estimation of glycogen content (of the abdominal mammary glands) and the protein content (of the pectoral mammary glands) as parameters. While both stigmasterol and the ether fraction of L.reticulata showed lactogenic effect, as assessed by all these parameters, stigmasterol was found to be more potent2.A herbal preparation with L.reticulata as one of the nine constituents is said to exert beneficial effects on the gametogenic and androgenic functions of the testes of animals. It showed anabolic cum androgen like activity as evidenced by the dose related growth of the ventral prostate and the systemic increase in the weights as well as the secretions of the accessory sex organs of castrated adult mice.

MEDICINAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITIESMEDICINAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITIESMEDICINAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITIESMEDICINAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES ::::

ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY:ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY:ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY:ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY:

Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of L. reticulata roots showed antibacterial activity against various pathogens including Streptococcus pyogenes var. a- and f3-haemolyticus, Salmonella typhi, S. paratyphi, S. schottmulleri and Escherichia coli.

ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY:ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY:ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY:ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY:

Activity was observed in the aqueous and 50% ethanolic extracts of the leaf and root of L. reticulata against Trichophyton rubrum. The alcoholic extract was the more active.

HYPOTENSIVE ACTIVITY:HYPOTENSIVE ACTIVITY:HYPOTENSIVE ACTIVITY:HYPOTENSIVE ACTIVITY:

An aqueous extract of L. reticulata showed potent and prolonged hypotensive action in anaesthetised dogs, the initial hypotension followed by a complete recovery and a secondary progressive hypotension. It did not possess parasympathomimetic or adrenolytic actions but blocked pressor response to nicotine.

SPASMOGENICSPASMOGENICSPASMOGENICSPASMOGENIC ACTIVITY: ACTIVITY: ACTIVITY: ACTIVITY:

The alcoholic extract of L. reticulata showed spasmogenic action on isolated guinea pig ileum and uterus.

LACTOGENIC ACTIVITY:LACTOGENIC ACTIVITY:LACTOGENIC ACTIVITY:LACTOGENIC ACTIVITY:

Stigmasterol and the ether fraction of L. reticulata were tested on lactating rats. Both showed lactogenic properties as assessed by parameters including pup weights, body weight of mother rats, protein and glycogen contents of mammary glands, photomicrographic studies and secretory rating of lactating mammary glands.'° In another study L. reticulata powder was administered to goats, sheep, cows and buffaloes to assess its lactogenic propertieso The powdered drug was administered at a dose of 536 mg per day in goats and sheep, 1840 mg per day in cows and buffaloes, and produced a significant galactopoietic response. No significant changes were observed in the composition of milk or blood in goats.

INCREASED EGG PRODUCTION IN HENS:INCREASED EGG PRODUCTION IN HENS:INCREASED EGG PRODUCTION IN HENS:INCREASED EGG PRODUCTION IN HENS:

L. reticulata powder and stigmasterol were found to increase.

CLINICAL STUDIES:CLINICAL STUDIES:CLINICAL STUDIES:CLINICAL STUDIES: The lactogenic/galactagogue effect of L.reticulata has been clinically assessed by many investigators. These studies have been mainly carried out on the commercial preparation of Leptaden.

TOXICITYTOXICITYTOXICITYTOXICITY:::: On acute toxicity studies, L. reticulata (aqueous extract) and leptaden administered orally for three alternate days, and three consecutive days to rats, were safely tolerated up to a dose of 3.125 g/kg. An increase in dose led to an increase in mortality. Post mortem, subcutaneous peticheal hemorrhage was noted, whilst the liver, kidney and heart showed no apparent change.

INDICATIONS:INDICATIONS:INDICATIONS:INDICATIONS: The plant is stimulant and restorative and shows anti-bacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.

PARTS USEDPARTS USEDPARTS USEDPARTS USED::::

Leaf, root, whole plant.

TRADITIONAL AND MODERN USETRADITIONAL AND MODERN USETRADITIONAL AND MODERN USETRADITIONAL AND MODERN USE::::

The plant is a stimulant and restorative. The leaves and roots are used in skin affections such as ringworm, wounds, nose and ear disorders, asthma, cough and in the treatment of habitual abortion in women.

It is cold, sweet, aphrodisiac, rejuvenative and easy of digestion. According to Ayurveda, it is a tonic given for weak debility and such similar conditions. Commonly given for those suffering from weak debility or a lack of energy.Gives general strength to the body. It promotes health and vigour, improves voice, alleviates the three dosas vata, pitta and kapha and cures eye diseases, hematemesis, emaciation, cough, dyspnoea, fever and burning sensation.

HOME REMEDIES: HOME REMEDIES: HOME REMEDIES: HOME REMEDIES:

1. Its Shak – (a food preparation) in the dose of 50 gm is much beneficial in diarrhea along with curd and Ghee.

2. Its Shak – (a food preparation) in the dose of 50 gm is much beneficial in caterect along with Ghee.

3. Decoction of Jivanti root should be taken in the dose of 20 ml for relief in burning sensation due to fever.

ETHNOVETERINARY USAETHNOVETERINARY USAETHNOVETERINARY USAETHNOVETERINARY USAGEGEGEGE::::

The bark, leaves and the whole plant are used to improve decreased milk flow in ruminants. The whole plant is also used to stimulate heat and prevent abortion. The leaves are used to treat eye diseases in swine.

MAJOR CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTSMAJOR CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTSMAJOR CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTSMAJOR CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS::::

PHYTOSTEROLS AND TRITERPENOIDSPHYTOSTEROLS AND TRITERPENOIDSPHYTOSTEROLS AND TRITERPENOIDSPHYTOSTEROLS AND TRITERPENOIDS::::

The leaves and twigs contain stigmasterol, l)-sitosteroV leptadenoV hentriacontanol, a-amyrin, I)-amyrin and tocopherols.

FLAVONOIDSFLAVONOIDSFLAVONOIDSFLAVONOIDS::::

Diosmetin and luteolin are present in the leaves and twigs and quercetin, isoquercitrin, rutin and hyperoside in the pericarp of the follicles: egg yield.

SAFETY PROFILE:SAFETY PROFILE:SAFETY PROFILE:SAFETY PROFILE:

The LDso of the 50% alcoholic extract of whole plant of L. reticulata (excluding root), when given to mice via the IP route, was found to be > 1000 mg/kg body weight.

DOSAGEDOSAGEDOSAGEDOSAGE::::

Root powder: 1-3 g Decoction: 30-60 ml

FORMULATIONS OF JIVANTI:FORMULATIONS OF JIVANTI:FORMULATIONS OF JIVANTI:FORMULATIONS OF JIVANTI:

• Amritprasha

• Anutaila

• Ashoka Ghrita

• Balarishta

• Brahma Rasayana

• Chyavanprashaleha

• Madhuyastyadi Tail

• Shatawaryadighrita

• Sukumaram Kashyam

• Vidaryadi Ghrita

• Vidaryadi Kashyam

Internet Source : http://www.divineremedies.com/leptadenia_reticulata.htm www.cababstractsplus.org/abstracts/Abstract.aspx? http://www.himalayahealthcare.com/herbfinder/h_leptad.htm http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1218901?log$=activity

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