JMS Compliance in NaradaBrokering

Shrideep Pallickara, Geoffrey Fox

Community Grid Computing Laboratory

Indiana University

Talk Outline

• Brief overview of NaradaBrokering• JMS Compliance• Objectives for achieving JMS compliance• The Process of achieving compliance• The Distributed JMS solution • Performance• Future Directions

NaradaBrokering

• Based on a network of cooperating broker nodes– Cluster based architecture allows system to scale to arbitrary size

• Based on the publish/subscribe model

• Also supports another model, peer-to-peer (P2P) via JXTA

• Incorporates algorithms for– Topic matching and calculation of destinations

– Efficient routing to computed destinations

• Supports local broker accesses– Clients do not need to reconnect to the remote broker that it was

last connected to.

JMS Compliance

• JMS clients are written while conforming to the messaging specification.– Vendor specific calls result in applications that are not

JMS-compliant.

• JMS clients are vendor agnostic– One provider should be just as good as another

– All that needs to be changed is the initialization sequence.

• JMS providers do not interoperate with each other– Interactions between clients of 2 different providers can

be achieved through a client connected to the two providers.

JMS Compliance in NaradaBrokering: Rationale

• Providing support for JMS clients within the system.– Mature messaging specification

• Several existing applications

– Opens NaradaBrokering to applications developed around JMS

• Bring NaradaBrokering functionality to JMS based systems– Distributed solution, load balancing, scaling and failure

resiliency.

Providing JMS support• JMS Interactions

– Supported locally or mapped to corresponding NaradaBrokering calls

• JMS Interconnection Bridge– Operations supported locally or mapped to corresponding

NaradaBrokering interactions – One bridge instance per connection– Maintains list of registered sessions– Responsible for routing events to appropriate sessions

• Support for – Creation of different message types e.g. ObjectMessage,

BytesMessage etc.– Operations that can be invoked on these message types.

Providing JMS Support• Topic

– NaradaBrokering topics are created as <tag,value> pairs.

– JMS Topics are generally “/” separated.

• JMS selector mechanism– We augment NaradaBrokering’s topic matching with

the selector mechanism implemented by openJMS.

• JMS subscriptions– Mapped to corresponding NaradaBrokering

subscription requests.

• The Narada JMS Event.– Encapsulates the entire JMS message as a payload

for the event.– Matching is done based on the topic name contained

in the message.

NARADA_JMS Event

Topic Name

Delivery Mode(Persistent/Transient)

Priority

JMS Message

Headers

PayLoad

Replacing JMS providers in existing systems

• The Anabas Conferencing System, Anabas Inc.– Shared Display, Text, Whiteboard, audio and video

conferencing

– JMS provider – SonicMQ

• The Online Knowledge center – IU Grid Labs– JMS provider - SonicMQ

Towards a distributed JMS solution

• Benefits– Features in NaradaBrokering best exploited in

distributed settings.– Clients of distributed solution to inherit

NaradaBrokering features• Routing efficiencies, load balancing, scaling etc.

– Eliminate the Single point of failure model– Highly Available System

Distributed solution: Constraints

• Each broker should still function as a standalone JMS broker.

• Distributed Network should preferably be transparent to clients

• Existing systems should easily be replaced with distributed system– Minimal changes to clients– No change to initialization sequences

• No changes to the NaradaBrokering core and the protocol suite.

A simple distributed solution

• Set up NaradaBrokering broker network.• Clients choose the broker they connect to• Cons

– Distributed network not transparent to clients

– Clients need to keep track of un-predictabilities in distributed settings

• Broker up-times, network partitions

• Clients could use a certain known broker over and over again.

– Newly added brokers, not incorporated into the solution.

Broker Locators: Distributed JMS Solution

• Primary Function– Discovery of brokers that clients can connect to

• Obviates need for client to keep track of broker states within the broker network.

• Keeps track of– Broker additions and removals

• Changes to network fabric

– Published Limit on concurrent connections at a broker node

• Set during broker initializations

– Active connections at a broker node.• Individual brokers notify changes to broker locator.

Broker Locators: Features

• Dynamic Real time Load Balancing– Connection requests always forked to best available

broker.

• Incorporation of new brokers into solution– A newly added broker is among the best brokers to

handle a connection request.

• Slower clients could all be hosted on specific brokers– Eliminates broker choking resulting from servicing

very slow clients.

Broker Locator: Constraints

• Availability– Should not constitute a bottleneck or single point of

failure.• Multiple broker locators per domain. Number of broker

locators would be much less than number of brokers.

• Minimal logic– No active connections to any element of brokering

system.• Loss of locator should not affect the network fabric

– Should not affect processing pertaining to any node in the system.

Broker Locator: Decision Metrics• IP-address of requesting client• Published limit on concurrent connections• Number of active connections still possible• Availability of broker

– A simple ping test

– If broker is not available, remove broker from list of available brokers.

• Computing capabilities at a broker– CPU speed, RAM etc.

Broker Locator: Sequence of Operations

• Locate valid broker• Propagate broker information to client

– Hostname/IP-address information– Port number on which it listens for

connections– Transport protocol over which it

communicates

• Client then uses info to establish communication channel with broker– Done transparently.

• Clients with multiple connections– A client could sometimes have connections

to multiple brokers.

NARADA Broker Cloud

Broker Locator pinging thebest available broker

Client connection to broker

Client request for Connection

Client

BrokerLocator

JMS Performance Data

• SonicMQ (version 3.0) and NaradaBrokering broker– Dual CPU (Pentium 3, 1 GHz, 256 MB RAM) machine.

• 100 subscribers– Over 10 different JMSTopicConnections

– All hosted on a Dual CPU (Pentium 3, 866 MHz, 256 MB RAM) machine.

• Publisher and Measuring Subscriber– Hosted on another dual CPU (Pentium 3, 866 MHz, 256 MB

RAM) machine.

• Operating System and Run time Environment– Linux (version 2.2.16)

– Java 2 JRE (Java 1.3.1, Blackdown-FCS, mixed-mode)

Performance Data:Factors Measured

• Transit Delay– No need for clock synchronization and accounting for

clock drifts.

• Standard Deviation in the transit delay for the sample of messages received.

• System Throughput– Measured in terms of rate at which messages are

received.

• Factors measured under varying – publish rates – message payload sizes.

Performance: Transit Delay & Standard Deviation

Transit Delays for Message Samples in Narada and SonicMQ

NaradaSonicMQ

05

1015

2025

Publish Rate (Messages/sec) 100

150200

250300

350400

450500

550

Payload Size (Bytes)

02468

101214

Mean Transit Delay (MilliSeconds)

Standard Deviation in the Message Samples - Narada and SonicMQ

NaradaSonicMQ

05

1015

2025

Publish Rate (Messages/sec) 100

150200

250300

350400

450500

550

Payload Size (Bytes)

02468

10121416

Standard Deviation

(MilliSeconds)

Lower Payloads & Low Publish Rates

Performance: Transit Delay & Standard Deviation

Transit Delays for Message Samples in Narada and SonicMQ

NaradaSonicMQ

05

1015

2025

Publish Rate (Messages/sec) 1000

20003000

40005000

6000

Payload Size (Bytes)

05

1015202530

Mean Transit Delay (MilliSeconds)

Standard Deviation in the Message Samples - Narada and SonicMQ

NaradaSonicMQ

05

1015

2025

Publish Rate (Messages/sec) 1000

20003000

40005000

6000

Payload Size (Bytes)

05

101520253035

Standard Deviation

(MilliSeconds)

Higher Payloads & Low Publish Rates

Performance: Transit Delay & Standard Deviation

Transit Delays for Message Samples in Narada and SonicMQ

NaradaSonicMQ

050

100150

200250

300350

400Publish Rate

(Messages/sec) 100150

200250

300350

400450

500550

Payload Size (Bytes)

05

1015202530

Mean Transit Delay (MilliSeconds)

Standard Deviation in the Message Samples - Narada and SonicMQ

NaradaSonicMQ

050

100150

200250

300350

400Publish Rate

(Messages/sec) 100150

200250

300350

400450

500550

Payload Size (Bytes)

02468

101214

Standard Deviation

(MilliSeconds)

Lower Payloads & High Publish Rates

Performance: System Throughput

System Throughputs - Narada

Narada

050

100150

200250

300350

400Publish Rate

(Messages/sec) 100150

200250

300350

400450

500550

Payload Size (Bytes)

050

100150200250300350

Receiving Rate (Messages/sec)

System Throughputs - SonicMQ

SonicMQ

050

100150

200250

300350

400Publish Rate

(Messages/sec) 100150

200250

300350

400450

500550

Payload Size (Bytes)

050

100150200250300350

Receiving Rate (Messages/sec)

Lower Payloads & Higher Publish Rates

Conclusions

• JMS Compliance in NaradaBrokering• Replacing existing systems with a distributed

solution• Support for JMS to go along with support for JXTA

– Enables JXTA peers and JMS clients to interact with each other.

– Provides infrastructure for building standards based peer-to-peer (P2P) grids.

JMS over UDP• Server Machine

– Dual CPU (1.266 GHz Pentium 3, 1024 MB RAM)– JMF server and NaradaBrokering Broker

• Client Machine – 1.8 GHz Pentium 4, 512 MB RAM– Transmitter and Receiver

• Red Hat Linux 7.1, Blackdown-1.3.1, Java 2 JRE JVM • H.263 video file (30 second part of a movie)

– Average bit-rate of 600Kbps (Kilo bits per second) – Frame-rate of 30 frames/sec

• Factors Measured– Jitter J = J + (|D(i-1, i)| - J)/16– Delay

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800

Jitte

r (

Mill

isec

onds

)

Packet Number

JMF-RTPNaradaBrokering-RTP

1

10

100

1000

10000

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800

Del

ay (

Mill

isec

onds

)

Packet Number

JMF-RTPNaradaBrokering-RTP