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IMAGESJN3800
History of Photography
A little post-modern philosophy
Visual neurology and understanding
How news organisations are utilising images
Truth?
Skills: what to consider when taking images
Social and visual value
Today’s plan
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Ancient to 1700s: camera obscura 1727: Professor J Schulze creates first photo-
sensitive compound 1834: Henry Fox Talbert creates negative
images using photo-sensitive paper: used contact printed to reverse the negative
1839: Louis Daguerre creates images on silver-plated copper: images created in minutes and photography enters public consciousness
1861: James Clark Maxwell develops first colour photograph
1878: Eadweard Muybridge uses multiple cameras and tripwires to assess how a horse gallops, canters, walks
1900: Kodak releases Brownie: inexpensive re-loadable camera
1948: Polaroid instant camera introduced 1957: First digital image scanned 1973: first large image forming CCD chip
introduced 1986: Kodak produces first megapixel camera 2000: J-Phone: first mobile phone equipped with
a camera 2004: Flickr created 2008: Polaroid announces discontinuation of
instant film products 2010: Instagram created
A little history
Boulevard du Temple
Roland Barthes (and his mum) Introduced a semiotic approach
to photographic imagery
Photography changed the nature of the visual representation: painting wasn’t real. Photograph relied on a real occurrence
Images also questions of the nature of the ‘thing’ that displayed the image (photograph), the ‘thing’ in the image (subject) and the individual interpreting the image (the spectator)
Disrupts time. A photograph is
both present and past
Walter Benjamin
Offers an alternative way of understanding the world, the now and the individual
“Immerse yourself in a picture long enough and you will recognise how alive the contradictions are, here too: the most precise technology can give its products a magical value”
1931
Image Neurology: Maria Elizabeth Grabe
“Biological primacy of vision”
How the image is received and processed by the brain
Visual communications and empathic responses
35,000 to 11,000 BC: Cave of Altamira and Paleolithic Cave Art of Northern Spain © UNESCO
Grabe: Understanding meaning and tone
Beyond words
ResonanceSharbat Gula by Steve McCurry
Murder of Vietcong by Saigon Police Chief, Eddie Adams, 1969
Tank Man, 1989 – Jeff widener
Truth and ethical considerations
1917: Cottingley Fairies
Elsie Wright and Frances Griffiths
Piers Morgan: The Mirror
Adnan Hajj: 2006 Israel-Lebanon conflict
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Paul Hansen: Gaza city
Sunlight analysis
Firestorm and Snowfall
Flickr and Instagram
•Building and engaging with communities of interest•Direct upload to your audience •Embedding•Slideshows•Tagging•Searchable text
User-generated content
Techniques: Rule of Thirds
Techniques: Lighting: under exposed
Techniques: Lighting – over exposed
Techniques: Lighting: under exposed
Depth of field
Richard Lam, 2011
Lines of convergence
Using images: copyright
Respect copyright
Utilise Creative Commons image libraries
Ask permission if you’re unsure
Media libraries are also offered by lots of organisations
DON’T RIGHT CLICK, COPY AND PASTE FROM GOOGLE!
Flickr credits
Mark J P Tazrian Khan Untitled pradeep_kumbhashiLoneliness peddhapati scary pumpkin
Resources
CNET: 50 essential photography tips