john m. huisman, young ho koh and myung sook kim ... · john m. huisman, young ho koh and myung...

Botanica Marina 2015; 58(3): 141–150

*Corresponding author: Myung Sook Kim, Department of Biology, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea, e-mail: [email protected] M. Huisman: School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, WA 6150, Australia; and Western Australian Herbarium, Science Division, Department of Parks and Wildlife, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre, WA 6983, AustraliaYoung Ho Koh: Department of Biology, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea

John M. Huisman, Young Ho Koh and Myung Sook Kim*

Characterization of Herposiphonia pectinata (Decaisne) comb. nov. (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta) from Western Australia, based on morphology and DNA barcoding

Abstract: In Western Australia, six species of the red algal genus Herposiphonia are known from the low-intertidal to shallow subtidal zones in tropical to warm-temperate regions. Here, we transfer the poorly known Leveillea pec-tinata Decaisne to Herposiphonia based on a morphology and DNA barcoding of specimens collected from Cape Peron, south of Perth, Western Australia. Herposiphonia pectinata is characterized by a branching pattern of three determinate branches (d) between indeterminate later-als (i) (d/d/d/i), terete determinate branches arising from the same dorsal position (not deflected from side to side), 20–30 segments long with 11–13 pericentral cells per seg-ment, and a lack of vegetative trichoblasts. Cystocarps are located medially on fertile branches and spermatangial branches with a sterile tip are secundly arranged. Mor-phological comparisons are made with Australian and closely related species: Herposiphonia akidoglossa, Her-posiphonia monilifera, Herposiphonia pectinella, Herposi-phonia rostrata, and Herposiphonia nuda. DNA barcoding of COI-5P sequences show that H. pectinata is clearly sepa-rated from specimens from the Hawaiian Islands and the Iberian Peninsula.

Keywords: biodiversity; DNA barcoding; Herposiphonia pectinata comb. nov.; morphology; Rhodomelaceae; Western Australia.

DOI 10.1515/bot-2014-0074Received 31 October, 2014; accepted 13 March, 2015; online first 14 April, 2015

Introduction

The red algal genus Herposiphonia was first established by Nägeli (1846) and subsequently lectotypified by Schmitz (1889) with Herposiphonia tenella (C. Agardh) Ambronn (Hutchinsia tenella of C. Agardh, 1828). At present, the genus includes 54 accepted species (Guiry and Guiry 2014), these distributed in tropical to warm-temperate regions of the world and characterized by having a dor-siventral habit, polysiphonous axes lacking additional cortication, and prostrate primary axes with upwardly circinate apices (Masuda et al. 2006). Exogenous branches are typically formed in a regular sequence of three deter-minate branches between successive indeterminate branches, and vegetative trichoblasts and reproductive structures are borne exclusively on determinate branches ( Hollenberg 1968).

Species discrimination within Herposiphonia is often difficult as readily observed vegetative features, such as the number of segments and pericentral cells, branch-ing patterns, and the length of determinate branches, are variable in many species (Silva and Fujii 2012). Masuda and Kogame (2000) highlighted the value of reproduc-tive structures such as the number of tetrasporangia per segment, the arrangement of the tetrasporangial sequence, the shape, size, and position of cystocarps, and the arrangement of spermatangial branches. Later, Masuda et al. (2006) emphasized the 3-D (three-dimen-sional) disposition of determinate branches as diagnostic in the discrimination of some species. In Herposiphonia, determinate branches are usually arranged in two rows on the dorsal side of the prostrate axis; the angle between the rows is

142 J.M. Huisman et al.: Herposiphonia pectinata (Decaisne) comb. nov.

(Harvey) Womersley, Herposiphonia monilifera (Hooker et Harvey) Falkenberg, Herposiphonia pectinella (Harvey) Falkenberg, Herposiphonia rostrata (Sonder) Reinbold, Herposiphonia secunda f. tenella (C. Agardh) M.J. Wynne, and Herposiphonia versicolor (Hooker and Harvey) Rein-bold (Huisman 2000, Womersley 2003, Guiry and Guiry 2014). Of these, H. secunda f. tenella is known to be cosmo-politan, and H. monilifera, H. pectinella, H. rostrata, and H. versicolor are endemic to Australia (Guiry and Guiry 2014).

Molecular analyses of red algae are increasingly being used to resolve phylogenetic relationships and species boundaries (Koh et al. 2013). Recent studies of the family Rhodomelaceae have used the plastid-encoded ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunit (rbcL) gene to infer phylogenetic relationships for the Lau-rencia complex and Polysiphonia sensu lato (Cassano et al. 2012, Kim and Kim 2014). However, the total absence of rbcL sequences in GenBank for the genus Herposiphonia precludes similar phylogenetic analyses. Molecular tech-niques can also support species delineation in taxonomy and biodiversity research, by analyzing a short and stand-ardized DNA region, a technique known as “molecular assisted alpha taxonomy” (MAAT), or DNA barcoding (Yang and Kim 2014). One DNA barcoding marker, the 5′ end of mitochondrial-encoded cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (COI-5P), has been found useful for spe-cies-level identification of red algae (Sherwood et al. 2010, Yang et al. 2013). Díaz-Tapia and Bárbara (2013) utilized COI-5P sequences in their study of Herposiphonia from the Iberian Peninsula.

We recently collected material of the poorly known species Leveillea pectinata Decaisne from Cape Peron, south of Perth, Western Australia, growing epiphytically on the coralline Amphiroa anceps (Lamarck) Decaisne. This species was originally described based on material “parasit. in Corollinâ ancipite [ = Amphiroa anceps], ad oras occid. Nov. Holland [western Australia]” (Decaisne 1842: 363); thus, the Cape Peron specimens match the habitat and the (admittedly vague) type locality. Wynne (2003) examined the fragmentary type specimen in the Cryptogamic Herbarium of the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris (PC), and noted that the label bore the annotations: “Leveillea pectinata non Leveillea, sed Herposiphonia species! Suhr.” and “TYPE of Leveil-lea pectinata Decaisne HBS Womersley 6.12.1952.” Wynne further described consulting with Prof. Womersley, who confirmed that “it is almost certainly a Herposiphonia, though the indeterminate laterals on every fourth segment are often absent”, and that he regarded it as “related to H. calothrix but I think distinct”. The species was illustrated in Decaisne (1846: pl. 2D), showing the creeping habit

and upright determinate branches, as well as detail of the prostrate axis and a developing determinate branch. Our new material agrees well with these illustrations.

The Cape Peron collections of this poorly known species included all reproductive phases, enabling detailed comparisons with currently accepted species that clearly showed this entity to be unique. In support of this conclusion, we also analyzed the COI-5P marker as DNA barcode and compared the sequence divergence of the species and Herposiphonia as represented in GenBank. Both morphology and DNA barcoding indicate that the Cape Peron specimens represent a distinct entity, which we herein transfer to H. pectinata (Decaisne) Huisman, Y.H. Koh et M.S. Kim.

Materials and methodsSamples of Herposiphonia were collected by snorkeling from approximately 4 m depth in the subtidal at Cape Peron (also known as Point Peron), Western Australia, on the 14th of June, 2014, and photographed while fresh (Figures 1–4). Portions of the collection were dried in silica gel for DNA extraction. Of the remainder, several plants (with host Amphiroa) were mounted on an her-barium sheet as a voucher, and others were preserved in 5% formalin/seawater and subsequently stained with aniline blue and mounted in a solution of 50% Karo syrup as permanent slide vouchers for morphological observa-tions. Samples were sectioned by hand or with a freezing microtome NK-101-II (Nippon Optical Works Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan). Microscope preparations were examined and pho-tographed using either a Nikon SMZ800 stereo microscope or a Nikon Eclipse 80i compound microscope, in both cases with a Nikon DS Fi1 digital camera (in Australia), or with a Canon EOS 600D digital camera (Canon, Tokyo, Japan) mounted on an Olympus BX43 microscope (Olympus, Tokyo, Japan) in Korea. Slide specimens were deposited in the Western Australian Herbarium, Western Australia (PERTH) and the Herbarium of Jeju National University, Korea (JNUB).

DNA was extracted using the DNeasy Plant Mini Kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) following the manufac-turer’s instructions except for using half of the buffer at the elution step. The primer pairs used for COI-5P region followed Kim et al. (2010). Amplification conditions for COI-5P consisted of 7 min at 97°C for denaturation, fol-lowed by 35 or 37 cycles of 1 min at 97°C, 1 min at either 45°C or 47°C, and 2 min at 72°C, with a final 7-min exten-sion cycle at 72°C, and a soak cycle at 4°C. PCR products were purified using the AccuPrep® PCR Purification Kit

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J.M. Huisman et al.: Herposiphonia pectinata (Decaisne) comb. nov. 143

(Bioneer, Daejeon Korea) following the manufacturer’s instructions. Forward and reverse sequence reads from the respective PCR primers were edited using Mega ver. 6.05 (Tamura et al. 2013), and multiple sequence align-ment was constructed in BioEdit ver. 7.1.11 (Hall 1999). The alignment included 21 taxa, two from the new collections and 19 from GenBank, with 619 nucleotide positions. To demarcate genetic groups, the distance analysis of COI-5P was conducted by the neighbor-joining (NJ) method using Kimura two-parameter model in Mega ver. 6.05.

Results

Morphological observations

Herposiphonia pectinata (Decaisne) Huisman, Y.H. Koh, et M.S. Kim comb. nov. (Figures 1–21)

Basionym

Leveillea pectinata Decaisne, Essais sur une classification des algues et des polypiers calcifères de Lamouroux. Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot., sér. 2, 17: 363.

Type locality and holotype

“parasit. in Corollinâ ancipite [ = Amphiroa anceps], ad oras occid. Nov. Holland [western Australia]”; PC.

Recent specimens

Cape Peron, south of Perth, Western Australia (S 32.271390°, E 115.685064°), epiphytic on Amphiroa anceps growing on limestone reef at 4 m depth, June 14, 2014, J.M. Huisman and Y.H. Koh, PERTH 08611769 (Figure 1); JNUB 140614-1 (tetrasporophyte), JNUB 140614-2 (female).

Figure 1–4: Habit of Herposiphonia pectinata comb. nov., fresh material. (1) Female. Scale bar, 1 mm. (2) Male. Scale bar, 500 μm. (3) Tetrasporophyte. Scale bar, 1 mm. (4) Vegetative thallus. Scale bar, 1 mm.




Figures 5–12: Herposiphonia pectinata comb. nov. (5) Apex of the main axis, showing determinate branches (d) and a lateral indeterminate branch (i). The position of the indeterminate branch on the opposite lateral face (i.e., not visible) is indicated by (i*). Scale bar, 100 μm. (6–8) Transverse sections of the determinate branch. Scale bar, 50 μm. (9) Squash preparation of the determinate branch showing 12 pericentral cells with a cask-shaped axial cell. Scale bar, 100 μm. (10) Apical view of the main axis showing same dorsal position of the determinate (d) branches. Scale bar, 50 μm. (11–12) Rhizoids cut-off from the ventral pericentral cells. Scale bar, 50 μm.

Morphology

Thalli are robust, red to dark red in color. Primary axes are prostrate, with upwardly circinate apices, and are attached to the coralline algal host by numerous rhizoids that are cut off from the ventral pericentral cells and are unicellular with digitate haptera (Figures 11, 12). Primary prostrate axes are terete, 150–200 μm in diameter, with segments 70–100 μm long, length:breadth (L:B) c.0.5 and with 11–13 pericentral cells (Figure 11). Indeterminate branches (i) arise on primary prostrate axes on alternate sides from every fourth segment, with the intervening three segments each bearing a determinate branch (d) in a dorsal position (d/d/d/i pattern, Figures 5, 10). Some indeterminate branches grow like the main axis, but others remain short or rudimentary (Figure 5). Deter-minate branches are terete, 20–30 segments long, the

segments 80–90 μm in diameter (L:B 0.5–0.8) with 11–13 pericentral cells (Figures 6–8). Vegetative trichoblasts are absent (Figure 5). Procarps consist of a supporting cell bearing a four-celled carpogonial branch (Figure 21) and are enclosed prior to fertilization by a pericarp. Fertile branches with a developing cystocarp continue to grow and form an additional 10 to 15 segments, so that the cys-tocarp is located on the middle of the fertile determinate branch (Figure 20). Mature cystocarps are urceolate and 100–400 μm in diameter. Spermatangial branches, with a sterile tip, are secundly arranged (Figures 17, 19). Stalk cells of spermatangial branches originate from an axial cell (Figure 18). Tetrasporangia are formed on fertile deter-minate branches in four to seven successive segments arranged in a straight series (Figures 13, 14). Mature tet-rasporangia are prominent, 80–90 μm in diameter, with tetrahedrally arranged spores (Figure 15).




DNA barcoding

The two newly generated COI-5P sequences of Herposi-phonia pectinata collected from Western Australia were analyzed relative to the 19 sequences available from GenBank. After editing, the length of the amplified region was 619 bp, of which 201 positions (32.5%) were variable. An unrooted phylogram based on neighbor-joining (NJ) analysis indicated that the species was clearly distinct from Spanish and Portuguese Herposiphonia cf. secunda f. tenella and Hawaiian Herposiphonia spp. (Figure 22). The two sequences of the new materials were identical, but sequences of H. cf. secunda f. tenella from the Iberian

Peninsula resolved into three different genetic groups. The sequences of Hawaiian Herposiphonia spp. formed 11 genetic groups, but none of these were identified to species. The intraspecific variation of Herposiphonia ranged from 0% to 2.0% in H. cf. secunda f. tenella (between KF648516 and KF671179), and interspecific sequence divergence ranged from 3.5% between HQ422706 and HQ422856 (two Herposiphonia sp. Hawaii), to 20.3% between HQ423007 and HQ423087 (also two Herposiphonia sp. Hawaii). Inter-specific sequence divergence of the new materials ranged from 13.3% (vs. KF671171 and KF671173; H cf. secunda f. tenella from Spain) to 19.4% (vs. HQ422856, HQ423007 and HQ422862; Herposiphonia spp. from Hawaii).

Figures 13–21: Herposiphonia pectinata comb. nov. (13–14) Straight arrangement of tetrasporangia. Scale bars, 13 = 1000 μm, 14 = 200 μm. (15–16) Transverse sections of tetrasporangial branch (a, axial cell; sc, stalk cell; arrowhead, pit connection between axial cell and stalk cell). Scale bar, 50 μm. (17) Secund arrangement of spermatangial branches on fertile branches. Scale bar, 100 μm. (18) Stalk cell of sperma-tangial branch arising from the axial cell (arrowhead). Scale bar, 50 μm. (19) Young spermatangial branches (arrowheads). Scale bar, 50 μm. (20) Mature cystocarp located on the middle of the fertile branch. Scale bar, 200 μm. (21) Procarp with four-celled carpogonial branch (cb, carpogonial branch; s, supporting cell; tr, trichogyne; t, trichoblast). Scale bar, 50 μm.




DiscussionOur morphological observations and DNA barcoding of the Cape Peron Herposiphonia indicate it to be a unique species, which we feel is compatible with the poorly known Leveillea pectinata Decaisne. We, therefore, propose the new combination Herposiphonia pectinata (Decaisne) Huisman, Y.H. Koh et M.S. Kim. The species is, thus far, known only as an epiphyte on the coralline alga Amphiroa anceps in the subtidal zone and is mor-phologically characterized by: 1) a “d/d/d/” branching pattern, 2) terete determinate branches arising from the same dorsal position on segments (not deflected from side to side), 3) determinate branches 20–30 seg-ments long with 11–13 pericentral cells per segment, 4) a lack of vegetative trichoblasts, 5) the medial location of cystocarps, and 6) the secund arrangement of sper-matangial branches. Buttressing these morphologi-cal observations, our DNA barcoding using the COI-5P marker resolved H. pectinata as forming an independ-ent genetic group from other Herposiphonia species as represented in GenBank, these collected from Spain, Portugal, and Hawaii (Sherwood et al. 2010, Díaz-Tapia and Bárbara 2013).

The species shares some features with Herposiphonia nuda Hollenberg, including the lack of vegetative tricho-blasts and the location of cystocarps and spermatangial branches (Hollenberg 1968). However, as described by Hollenberg (1968) based on specimens from Hawaii and the Marshall Islands, H. nuda has slender prostrate axes 80–105 μm in diameter with seven to eight pericentral cells, and determinate branches with four to five peri-central cells arranged in two displaced rows (Hollenberg 1968). In contrast, H. pectinata has prostrate axes of a larger diameter (150–200 μm) and more pericentral cells in both prostrate axes and determinate branches, and determinate branches are arranged in a single dorsal row.

One of the more unusual features of H. pectinata is the production of determinate branches in a uniformly dorsal position, i.e., not displaced laterally. This arrangement is also found in Herposiphonia akidoglossa R.E. Norris, a species established by Norris (1992) based on South Africa specimens and characterized by ligulate (tongue-shaped) determinate branches arising on the dorsal side of the prostrate axes, and unusually large cystocarps (up to 1 mm in diameter) and spermatangial branches (700 μm long and 100 μm in diameter). Herposiphonia pectinata clearly differs in having terete determinate branches,

Figure 22: Unrooted neighbor-joining phylogram for COI-5P sequences of Herposiphonia specimens, illustrating the genetic distinction of H. pectinata. Scale bar: substitutions/site.




Tabl

e 1:

Mor

phol

ogic

al co

mpa

rison

s of

Her

posi

phon

ia s

peci

es re

cord

ed fr

om W

este

rn A

ustra

lia (a

ll w

ith d

/d/d

/i b

ranc

hing

pat

tern

).

He

rpos

ipho

nia

pect

inat

a co

mb.

nov

.

He

rpos

ipho

nia

calo

thrix

(Har

vey)

W

omer

sley

He

rpos

ipho

nia

mon

ilife

ra

(Hoo

ker e

t Har

vey)

Fa

lken

berg

He

rpos

ipho

nia

pect

inel

la (H

arve

y)

Falk

enbe

rg

He

rpos

ipho

nia

rost

rata

(Son

der)

Rein

bold

He

rpos

ipho

nia

secu

nda

f. te

nella

(C

. Aga

rdh)

Wyn

ne

He

rpos

ipho

nia

vers

icol

or

(Hoo

ker e

t Har

vey)

Re

inbo

ld

Prim

ary

pros

trate

axi

s

Diam

eter

(μm

)

150–

200

10

0–20

0 (–

250)

16

0–30

0

80–1

10

(250

–) 3

00–4

50

80–1

65

200–

600

Nu

mbe

r of p

eric

entra

l cel

ls

12–1

3

8–9

(–12

)

10–1

2

6–8

(–9)

12

–14

11

–14

8–

10De

term

inat

e br

anch

Nu

mbe

r of s

egm

ents

20

–30

12

–16

(–22

)

–

–

14–1

6

28–3

4 (–

50)

9–

10

Diam

eter

(μm

)

80–9

0

70–1

00

50–1

10

45–6

0

100–

150

50

–80

10

0–20

0

Num

ber o

f per

icen

tral c

ells

11

–13

7–

8 (–

9)

8–10

–

(1

0–) 1

1 (–

12)

10

–12

–

Ve

geta

tive

trich

obla

sts

Ab

sent

Pr

esen

t

Pres

ent

Pr

esen

t

Pres

ent

Pr

esen

t

Pres

ent

Tetra

spor

angi

a

Num

bers

per

bra

nch

4–

7

12–1

4

2–8

–

2–

6

–

4–6

Se

ries

St

raig

ht

Stra

ight

Pr

omin

ent m

onili

form

ser

ies

–

Stra

ight

or c

urve

d –

St

raig

ht

Diam

eter

(μm

)

80–9

0

50–7

5

90–1

40

–

70–1

30

–

60–9

0 (–

120)

Cyst

ocar

p

Shap

e

Ovoi

d

Ovoi

d

–

Slig

htly

urc

eola

te

Ovoi

d

–

Ovoi

d to

slig

htly

urc

eola

te

Diam

eter

(μm

)

100–

400

–

–

40

0–80

0

300–

900

μm

–

300–

600

Lo

catio

n

Late

ral,

mid

dle

–

–

Late

ral

Te

rmin

al

Term

inal

La

tera

lSp

erm

atan

gial

bra

nch

Le

ngth

(μm

)

100–

250

10

0–55

0

–

–

100–

330

–

15

0–22

0

Diam

eter

(μm

)

20–5

0

50–1

20

–

–

40–8

0

–

35–6

5

Type

loca

lity

W

. Aus

t.

King

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Soun

d, W

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, Ita

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Refe

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This

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1

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1

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, 4

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1 Wom

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2 Wyn

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Silv

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4 Día

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Bárb

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2013

.




smaller cystocarps (to 400 μm in diameter), and shorter and narrower spermatangial branches (to 250 μm length and 50 μm in diameter).

Vegetative and reproductive features that are regarded as important diagnostic characteristics in species deline-ation in Herposiphionia include the number of pericen-tral cells of prostrate axes and determinate branches, the frequency of vegetative trichoblasts, the number of tet-rasporangia per determinate branch and their size, and the size and position of cystocarps and spermatangial branches (Womersley 2003). A summary of these features as reported for the six species previously recorded from Western Australia, and as observed here for H. pectinata, is presented in Table 1.

The number of pericentral cells per segment in deter-minate branches is often used to characterize species of Herposiphonia (Hollenberg 1968, Masuda et al. 2006, Silva and Fujii 2012). Of the Western Australian species, Herposiphonia calothrix, Herposiphonia monilifera, Her-posiphonia pectinella, and Herposiphonia versicolor each have 7–10, differing from Herposiphonia rostrata, Herposi-phonia secunda f. tenella, and H. pectinata, with 10–13 (Wynne 1984, Womersley 2003; herein). The species is further distinguished by the absence of vegetative tricho-blasts, whereas H. calothrix, H. monilifera, H. pectinella, H. rostrata, H. secunda f. tenella, and H. versicolor each have one or two vegetative trichoblasts at the apices of determi-nate branches (Wynne 1984, Womersley 2003, Silva and Fujii 2012, Díaz-Tapia and Bárbara 2013).

Masuda et al. (2006) emphasized the 3-D disposition of determinate branches (essentially the angle between the rows of determinate branches). Most often, determi-nate branches of Herposiphonia are arranged in two rows on the dorsal to ventral sides of the prostrate axis, and the angle between the left and right rows is very shallow but discernible (Masuda et al. 2006). In H. pectinata, all determinate branches are borne in the same dorsal posi-tion on segments and are aligned, with no displacement; thus, the angle is 0°. In contrast, determinate branches are arranged in two rows, in H. calothrix, H. monilifera, H. pectinella, H. secunda f. tenella, H. rostrata, and H. versi-color (Womersley 2003, Díaz-Tapia and Bárbara 2013).

Fortuitously, our collection of H. pectinata included all reproductive phases and, therefore, allowed a full assess-ment of the species. Reproductive features are accorded considerable weight in species discrimination in Her-posiphonia (Hollenberg 1968, Womersley 2003, Masuda et al. 2006, Díaz-Tapia and Bárbara 2013). For example, cystocarps develop in a lateral, mid-branch position on fertile determinate branches in most Western Australian species, including H. pectinata, whereas in H. secunda

f. tenella and H. rostrata, they are terminal on the fertile branch (Womersley 2003, Díaz-Tapia and Bárbara 2013). Tetrasporangia are arranged in straight series in all species (including H. pectinata), but H. calothrix is distinguished by its longer series of 12–14 tetrasporangia per branch, rather than two to eight (Womersley 2003). Spermatangial branches are known in only three of the Western Austral-ian species, and thus, comparisons are limited. Of these, the secund arrangement as found in H. pectinata also occurs in H. rostrata and H. versicolor, whereas sperma-tangial branches in H. calothrix are arranged in a spiral (Womersley 2003).

Our DNA barcoding using COI-5P marker showed that H. pectinata is clearly separated from specimens from the Hawaiian Islands and the Iberian Peninsula, with sequence divergences of 13.3–19.4% (Sherwood et al. 2010, Díaz-Tapia and Bárbara 2013). Sequences from the Hawaiian Islands and Iberian Peninsula formed several genetic groups, none aligned with H. pectinata. While this result demonstrates that H. pectinata is not conspecific with any Herposiphonia represented in GenBank, it must be noted that the genus is poorly represented and most sequences are not named to species. As noted by Díaz-Tapia and Bárbara (2013), further work is needed to clarify the species diversity of Herposi-phonia and to assess the value of morphological criteria in relation to molecular phylogenies.

In conclusion, H. pectinata is unique in the genus in producing terete determinate branches arranged in a single dorsal row and in the lack of vegetative trichoblasts. Its recognition as a distinct species is buttressed by DNA barcoding based on the COI-5P marker, which showed a clear separation from Herposiphonia species collected from Hawaii and H. cf. secunda f. tenella collected from Spain and Portugal. This previously poorly known species is, thus, now fully characterized, and we provide the COI-5P sequence to enable further DNA barcode studies.

Acknowledgments: J.M. Huisman thanks the Australian Biological Resources Study for support. Financial sup-port was provided by the National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR) of Ministry of Environment, Korea (1834-302, Graduate Program for Undiscovered taxa of Korea) to M.S. Kim.

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Bionotes

John M. Huisman School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, WA 6150, Australia; and Western Australian Herbarium, Science Division, Department of Parks and Wildlife, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre, WA 6983, Australia

John M. Huisman is a Research Fellow at Murdoch University in Perth, Western Australia. He earned his PhD. at the University of Melbourne, where he developed his interests in the taxonomy of marine macroalgae. After moving to Perth, he embarked on an ambitious lifelong project to document (by description and photo-graphically) the seaweeds of Australia’s west coast, an undertaking disrupted briefly in 2002–2003 when he spent a rewarding sojourn at the University of Hawaii. John has authored several books, including Marine plants of Australia and Hawaiian reef plants, and is presently writing a Marine flora of tropical Western Australia.

Young Ho Koh Department of Biology, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea

Young Ho Koh is a PhD student of Biology at Jeju National Univer-sity, Jeju, Korea. He was supervised by Prof. Myung Sook Kim and awarded a MSc in Molecular Phylogeny of Marine Algae Laboratory by the Jeju National University for work on taxonomy of the genus Herposiphonia using morphology and molecular analysis. He is interested in algal biodiversity, phylogeny, and the biogeographical distribution patterns of some cosmopolitan red algal species.




Myung Sook Kim Department of Biology, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea, [email protected]

Myung Sook Kim is a Professor of Biology at Jeju National Univer-sity, Jeju, Korea. She was awarded a PhD in Algal Systematics by the Seoul National University, Korea, for work on taxonomic revision of Polysiphonia and studied systematics in Rhodophyta for over 15 years, especially in the family Rhodomelaceae. More recent research has concentrated on establishing a DNA barcode database for Korean seaweeds to identify species and genus correctly.



john m. huisman, young ho koh and myung sook kim ... · john m. huisman, young ho koh and myung...

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