JOI T STATEME T OFCHAIRMAN LIU SHAO-CHI AND

PRESIDE T HO cm MINH

FOREIGN LANGUAGES PRESSPEKING

JOINT STATEMENT OFCHAIRMAN LIU SHAO-CHI AND

PRESIDENT HO CHI MINH

FOREIGN LANGUAGES PRESSPEKING 1963

Printed in the People's Republic of China

CONTENTS

JOINT STATEMENT OF CHAIRMAN LID SHAO-CHI ANDPRESIDENT HO CHI MINH (May 16, 1963)

CHAIRMAN LID SHAO-CHI'S SPEECH AT THE MASSRALLY IN BA DINH SQUARE, HANOI (May 12, 1963) 18

COMTIADE LID SHAO-CI-II'S SPEECH AT A MEETING INHIS HONOUR AT THE NGUYEN AI QUOC PARTYSCHOOL, HANOI (May 15, 1963) 31

JOINT STATEMENT OF CHAIRMAN LID SHAO-CHIAND PRESIDENT HO CHI MINH

Liu Shao-chi, Chairman of the People's Republic ofChina and Vice-Chairman of the Central Committeeof the Communist Party of China, paid a friendly visitto the Democratic Republic of Viet Nam from May 10 toMay 16, 1963, at the invitation of Ho Chi Minh, Presidentof the Democratic Republic of Viet Nam and President ofthe Central Committee of the Viet Nam Workers' Party.

Chairman Liu Shao-chi was accompanied on thevisit by Chen Yi, Vice-Premier of the State Council andMinister of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic ofChina and Member of the Political Bureau of the CentralCommittee of the Communist Party of China; Fang Yi,Vice-Chairman of the State Planning Commission andAlternate Member of the Central Committee of the Com­munist Party of China; Huang Chen, Vice-Minister ofForeign Affairs; Chiao Kuan-hua, Assistant Minister ofForeign Affairs; La Ching-chang, Deputy Chief of the Se::::­retariat of the Premier of the State Council; Chou Chiu­yeh, Director of the Second Department of Asian Affairsof the Ministry of Foreign Affairs; Kung Peng, Directorof the Information Department of the Ministry of ForeignAffairs; Yu Pei-wen, Director of the Protocol Departmentof the Ministry of Foreign Affairs; Yueh Hsin, Depart­mental Director of the Ministry of Public Security; HuangShu-tse, Deputy Director of the Department of HealthService of the Ministry of Public Health; Li Shu-huai,

Chief Security Aide for the Chairman of the People's Re­public of China; and Comrades Chang Chien and WangKuang-mei.

During the visit, Chairman Liu Shao-chi and thecomrades accompanying him on the visit were accordeda grand and warm welcome and cordial and friendly hos­pitality by the fraternal Vietnamese people everywherethey went.

During the visit, Chairman Liu Shao-chi and PresidentHo Chi Minh held talks on the relations of friendship andco-operation between the two countries and on importantinternational problems of common interest to both parties.

Present at the talks on the Chinese side were: Chenvi, Vice-Premier of the State Council and Minister ofForeign Affairs of the People's Republic of China andMember of the Political Bureau of the Central Committeeof the Communist Party of China; Fang Yi, Vice-Chair­man of the State Planning Commission and AlternateMember of the Central Committee of the CommunistParty of China; Huang Chen, Vice-Minister of ForeignAffairs; Chiao Kuan-hua, Assistant Minister of ForeignAffairs; Lo Ching-chang, Deputy Chief of the Secretariatof the Premier of the State Council; and Chu Chi-wen,Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of thePeople's Republic of China to the Democratic Republicof Viet Nam.

Present at the talks on the Vietnamese side were:Le Duan, First Secretary of the Central Committee of theViet Nam Workers' Party; Truong Chinh, Chairman of theStanding Committee of the National Assembly of theDemocratic Republic of Viet Nam and Member of thePolitical Bureau of the Central Committee of the Viet NamWorkers' Party; Pham Van Dong, Premier of the Govern-

ment of the Democratic Republic of Viet Nam and Mem­ber of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee ofthe Viet Nam Workers' Party; Ph am Hung, Vice-Premierof the Government of the Democratic Republic of VietNam and Member of the Political Bureau of the CentralCommittee of the Viet Nam Workers' Party; Va NguyenGiap, Vice-Premier of the Government of the DemocraticRepublic of Viet Nam and Member of the Political Bureauof the Central Committee of the Viet Nam Workers' Party;Nguyen Duy Trinh, Vice-Premier of the Government ofthe Democratic Republic of Viet Nam and Member of thePolitical Bureau of the Central Committee of the VietNam Workers' Party; Le Thanh Nghi, Vice-Premier of theGovernment of the Democratic Republic of Viet Nam andMember of the Political Bureau of the Central Committeeof the Viet Nam Workers' Party; Phan Ke Toai, Vice­Premier of the Government of the Democratic Republicof Viet Nam; Le Due Tho, Member of the Political Bureauof the Central Committee of the Viet Nam Workers' Party;Hoang Van Hoan, Member of the Political Bureau of theCentral Committee of the Viet Nam Workers' Party;Nguyen Chi Thanh, Member of the Political Bureau ofthe Central Committee of the Viet Nam Workers' Party;Nghiem Xuan Yem, Minister of State Farms and GeneralSecretary of the Viet Nam Democratic Party; NguyenXien, Vice-Chairman of the Standing Committee of theNational Assembly and General Secretary of the Viet NamSocialist Party; Xuan Thuy, Minister of Foreign Affairsand Member of the Central Committee of the Viet NamWorkers' Party; Hoang Minh Giam, Minister of Culture;Ph an Anh, Minister of Foreign Trade; and Tran Tu Binh,Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of theDemocratic Republic of Viet Nam to the People's Repub-

lie of China and Member of the Central Committee ofthe Viet Nam Workers' Party.

The talks were held in an extremely sincere, cor­dial and friendly atmosphere.

Both parties unanimously hold that the present inter­national situation is favourable to the revolutionarystruggle of the people of various countries, but unfavour­able to imperialism and the reactionaries of various coun­tries. The strength of the socialist camp has becomemore powerful. The national-democratic revolutionarymovement in Asia, Africa and Latin America is on acontinual upsurge. The struggles of the working classand the masses of the people in the developed capitalistcountries against monopoly capital, for improved livingconditions and democratic rights have seen new devel­opment. The movement of the people of the worldagainst the imperialist policies of aggression and war andin defence of world peace is growing in breadth anddepth. The general crisis of capitalism is daily deepen­ing. The contradictions among the imperialist powers,especially those between U.S. imperialism and other im­perialist powers have become more and more acute. Theimperialist camp is heading further towards disintegra­tion. The emergence of this situation is the result ofthe protracted struggle by the socialist camp and thepeople of the world against imperialism and the reac­tionaries, and the result of mutual support and joint strug­gle by the great forces of our time, namely, the forces ofthe socialist camp, the forces of the national-liberationmovement, the forces of the international working-classmovement and the forces of the peace movement, andparticularly the forces of the socialist camp and those ofthe national-liberation movement.

But the aggressive nature of imperialism will neverchange. The nearer it approaches its doom, the morewill it make frenzied and desperate kicks. U.S. imperialismis redoubling its efforts in pushing ahead with its plansof aggression and war, actively fostering the reactionaryforces of various countries, and particularly the mili­tarist forces of West Germany and Japan, and is increas­ing its attacks on the peoples of the world. It is engagedin frenzied arms expansion and war preparations, gettingready to fight both a nuclear war and conventional wars,and is already waging "special warfare". U.S. imperial­ism is carrying out neo-colonialism in Asia, Africa andLatin America by armed suppression, political deception,economic penetration and other means. It is also tighten­ing its grip on its allies and is more fiercely competingwith other imperialist powers in grabbing markets, col­onies and spheres of influence. In regard to the socialistcountries, U.S. imperialism, besides perpetrating militaryaggression and war threat, is intensifying its subversionand infiltration and is pushing ahead with its policy of"peaceful evolution", vainly attempting to have capital­ism restored in these countries. The doings of U.S. im­perialism have further confirmed it as the internationalgendarme suppressing the just struggles of the peoples,the chief bastion of modern colonialism, the main forceof aggression and war, the most dangerous enemy ofworld peace and the common foe of the peoples through­out the world.

The two parties hold that to preserve world peace, tostop imperialism from launching a new world war andto prevent a nuclear war, the peoples of the world mustheighten their vigilance and strengthen their solidarity toform the broadest possible united front and wage an in-

defatigable struggle against imperialism headed by theUnited States, and its lackeys.

The two parties firmly believe that in the presenttime when the forces of socialism have surpassed thoseof imperialism and the forces of peace have surpassedthose of war, it is possible to safeguard peace, prevent anew world war, and prevent a nuclear war, by relying onthe unity and struggle of the masses of the people of allcountries and relying on the correct policies of the so­cialist countries and of the proletarian Parties of variouscountries.

The two parties stand for general disarmament, for thetotal prohibition of the use, stockpiling, manufactureand testing of nuclear weapons and for the establishmentof a zone free of nuclear weapons in the Pacific regionincluding the United States of America. The two partiesbelieve that through persistent struggle by the people ofvarious countries it is possible to force imperialism toaccept certain agreements on disarmament and an agree­ment to ban nuclear weapons. In the circumstances inwhich imperialism rejects disarmament and continuespreparations for a nuclear war, it is highly necessary tostrengthen the national defence might of the countries inthe socialist camp, including the development of nuclearsuperiority of the socialist countries.

Both parties fully support the struggle of the work­ing class and labouring people in the capitalist countriesfor democracy and social progress and against the rulingcircles' fascist and militarist policies and their policies ofaggression and war. The two parties strongly protestagainst the suppression and persecution of the Commu­nists and other patriots and progressives in these coun­tries.

Both parties pay warm tribute to and express resolutesupport for the struggle of the Asian, African and LatinAmerican peoples against imperialism and old and newcolonialism and for winning or upholding national inde­pendence.

The two parties express immense admiration for theheroic Cuban people, who have won great victories intheir struggle against U.S. imperialist aggression and indefence of their state sovereignty, dignity and fruits ofrevolution. Both parties are unanimous in their supportfor the five just demands put forward by Fidel Castro,leader of the Cuban people's revolution. The two partiesnote with satisfaction that the revolutionary ideas of theHavana Declarations are exerting an ever greater influ­ence among the Latin American countries where thenational-democratic movement is surging daily.

The two parties are unanimous in their support forthe struggle of the heroic Korean people against thecontinued occupation of south Korea by U.S. troops andfor the peaceful reunification of their fatherland. Bothparties firmly believe that the Korean people's just strug­gle will surely win final victory. Both parties expresssincere sympathy and support for the struggling Japanesepeople and believe that they will surely win still greatersuccesses in their struggle against U.S. imperialism andthe reactionary forces of Japanese monopoly capital. Thetwo parties warmly congratulate the great Indonesianpeople who, through protracted struggles, have won im­portant victories in respect of the recovery of West Irianand the realization of the unification of their fatherland.The two parties support the revolutionary struggle of thepeople of North Kalimantan against colonial rule. Thetwo parties oppose the neo-colonialist scheme of Malaysia.

The two parties extend fraternal greetings to thepeople of the African countries who are uniting more andmore closely in waging resolute struggles. Following thegreat victory of the Algerian national-liberation war, thejust struggles of the people of Cameroon, Angola, Kenya,Southern Rhodesia, Northern Rhodesia and the Republicof South Africa for national independence and freedomare developing rapidly. China and Viet Nam are lookingforward to the early victory of their struggles.

Both parties hold that the ceaselessly growing national­democratic revolutionary struggles in the Asian, Africanand Latin American countries are dealing severe blows toand weakening the foundation of imperialist domination,and that the combined strength of the powerful socialistcamp and this tremendous revolutionary force is playinga decisive role in the defence of world peace and thepromotion of the cause of human progress. The historictask confronting us is: for the workers and oppressed na­tions of all countries to unite, oppose the common enemyand strive for common victory.

Both parties firmly support the policy of peace andneutrality pursued by the Kingdom of Cambodia, approveand support the proposal put forward by the Royal Cam­bodian Government concerning a pledge to respect Cam­bodia's independence and neutrality, and express the hopethat the countries concerned will respond positively tothis proposal.

The two parties strongly condemn U.S. imperialism forits recent provocative acts of intensified interventionin Laos. The United States, utilizing the Laotian reac­tionaries, is redoubling its efforts to sow discord amongthe Laotian patriotic forces and disrupt their unity in anattempt to subvert the Laotian Government of National

Union and rekindle the civil war in Laos so as finally torealize the scheme of placing Laos under its control. Thisis a fla grant viola tion of the 1962 Geneva agreements andposes a se r ious thre a t to the independence, peace andne utrality of Laos. Th e People's Republic of China andt he Democra tic Republic of Viet Nam are neighbours ofLaos and sig nato r ies to the Geneva agreements; they can­not help fee li ng inte nse ly concerned over the grave situa­tion in Laos which has been created by U.S. imperialismsing le-ha nde d . Th e two parties reaffirm their resolutesupport for th e La ot ian policy of independence, peace andne u tra lity and for the struggle of all Laotian patrioticforc es to streng the n unity , oppose U.S. imperialist inter­ve ntion and agg ress ion and build up a peaceful, neutral,independen t, united and pro sperous Laos . The two partieshold th at it is th e duty of all the participating nations ofthe Geneva Conf er ence truly to abide by and uphold theGen eva ag ree me nts . The two parties reaffirm their re­qu est tha t the co-chair men of the Geneva Conference takeeffective eme rge ncy mea sures to check U.S. imperialistaggression and intervention in Laos, remove the threatto the inde pe nde nce and neutrality of Lao s and saf eguardpeace in t his region.

Bot h par ti es support the proposal of the Governmentof the U.S.S.R. and the Government of the German Dem­ocratic Republic for concluding a German peace treatyand, on this basis , normalizing the situation in West Berlinwit h a view to r emoving the hotbed of war in the centreof Europe. At the same time, the two parties support thepro posal of the Government of the German DemocraticRepublic for es tablishing normal relations between thetwo German states.

Both parties firmly oppose U.S. imperialist armedaggression in southern Viet Nam, the barbarous andbrutal "special warfare" conducted by U.S. imperialismand the use of poisonous chemicals by U.S. imperialismas a means of war there. U.S. imperialism and its lackey,the Ngo Dinh Diem regime, are intensifying their sabo­tage of the Geneva agreements and are feverishly carry­ing out suppression and enslavement of the south Viet­namese people in an attempt to perpetuate the divisionof Viet Nam and to turn southern Viet Nam into a U.S .military base and new-type colony in Southeast Asia .All this has aroused not only strong resistance from thesouth Vietnamese people, but also strong opposition fromthe people in Asia and the rest of the world. The southVietnamese people, under the leadership of the SouthViet Nam National Liberation Front, are closing theirranks and waging a resolute struggle to overthrow thereactionary rule of U.S. imperialism and its lackey, theNgo Dinh Diem clique, to achieve independence, de­mocracy, peace and neutrality, and further to bring aboutthe peaceful reunification of their fatherland. In the faceof inhuman slaughter by U.S. imperialism and the NgoDinh Diem clique, the south Vietnamese people haveunfolded a heroic and stubborn armed struggle in self­defence, dealing heavy blows to the U.S. aggressors andtheir lackeys. The just and patriotic struggle of the southVietnamese people has won wide sympathy and supportfrom the peoples throughout the world. The Chinese andVietnamese peoples are brothers and comrades-in-armswho go through storm and stress together and share wealand woe. The Chinese people firmly support the heroicsouth Vietnamese people's just and patriotic struggleagainst U.S. imperialism and the Ngo Dinh Diem clique

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and regard this struggle as a brilliant example for theoppressed nations and peoples in the world in fightingfor liberation. The Chinese people resolutely support allthe Vietnamese people in their sacred struggle for thepeaceful reunification of their fatherland and are firmlyconvinced that this struggle will surely win final victory.

Both the People's Republic of China and the Democrat­ic Republic of Viet Nam are socialist countries, and bothtake Marxism-Leninism and proletarian internationalismas guiding principles of their foreign policies. The Chi­nese and Vietnamese Parties and Governments have re­peatedly pointed out that in international affairs andexternal activities, each socialist country must developrelations of friendship, mutual assistance and co-opera­tion with fraternal socialist countries in accordance withthe principle of proletarian internationalism, must opposethe imperialist policies of aggression and war and strivefor peaceful coexistence with countries having differentsocial systems on the basis of the Five Principles, andmust support the revolutionary struggles of all oppressednations and peoples.

Chairman Liu Shao-chi warmly praises the importantcontributions made by the Democratic Republic of VietNam in international affairs. He points out that the Dem­ocratic Republic of Viet Nam is a socialist country occu­pying an important place in Indo-China and SoutheastAsia. Standing firmly at the southeastern outpost of thesocialist camp, it plays a significant role in safeguardingthe security of the socialist camp, opposing the imperialistforces of aggression and war and safeguarding peace inSoutheast Asia and the world. The Government of thePeople's Republic of China firmly supports the stand andpolicies of the Democratic Republic of Viet Nam in

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upholding and carrying out the 1954 Geneva agreementsand striving for the peaceful reunification of the country.It warmly praises the series of correct measures taken bythe Democratic Republic of Viet Nam for safeguardingpeace in Indo-China. On the basis of the Five Principlesof Peaceful Coexistence and the Bandung spirit, the Dem­ocratic Republic of Viet Nam has established friendlyrelations with a number: of nationalist countries in Asiaand Africa. The Chinese people heartily rejoice to see theDemocratic Republic of Viet Nam growing steadily instrength and its international prestige increasing day byday.

President Ho Chi Minh warmly praises the People'sRepublic of China for its important contributions in in­ternational affairs. He points out that the People's Re­public of China is playing a significant role in the struggleto uphold the unity of the fraternal socialist countries,support the revolutionary struggles of oppressed nationsand peoples and defend world peace. President Ho ChiMinh reiterates that in settling major international ques­tions, the participation of the People's Republic of Chinarepresenting a population of 650 million people is in­dispensable and that China's rightful position in theUnited Nations must be restored. China is the initiatorof the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, it hasconsistently upheld these principles and the Bandungspirit and pursued a policy of friendship with its neigh­bours. The Government of the Democratic Republic ofViet Nam firmly supports the consistent stand of the Gov­ernment of the People's Republic of China for a peacefulsettlement of the Sino-Indian boundary question throughnegotiations. It warmly praises the ceasefire, thewithdrawal of the Chinese frontier guards, the release

12

of all captured Indian military personnel and other im­portant measures taken by China on its own initiative,and deems that these measures fully demonstrate China'ssincere desire to seek a peaceful settlement of the Sino­Indian boundary question. President Ho Chi Minh ex­presses the hope that China and India may quickly startdirect negotiations for a peaceful settlement of the Sino­Indian boundary question.

Both parties emphasize that it is of great importancefor the victory of the common struggle of all peoplesfor world peace, national liberation, democracy and social­ism, to strengthen the unity of the socialist camp and ofthe international communist movement en the basis ofMarxism-Leninism and proletarian internationalism, andof the 1957 Moscow Declaration and the 1960 MoscowStatement. The only correct way to maintain and strength­en this unity is to abide by the principles guiding mu­tual relations among the fraternal Parties and fraternalcountries as clearly stipulated in the Declaration and theStatement, namely, the principle of solidarity, the prin­ciple of independence and equality, the principle of attain­ing unanimity through consultation, and the principle ofmutual support and mutual assistance. Both parties reaf­firm that they will unswervingly uphold and put intopractice the revolutionary principles of the 1957 Decla­ration and the 1960 Statement and do their utmost tostrengthen the unity of the socialist camp and of theinternational communist movement.

Both parties uphold the correct thesis in the 1957Declaration and the 1960 Statement that in the presentcircumstances, revisionism, in other words Right oppor­tunism, is the main danger in the international communistmovement. Revisionism, or Right opportunism, is a mani-

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festation of bourgeois ideology. It seeks persistently tokill the revolutionary spirit of Marxism-Leninism, denythe historical need of proletarian revolution and the dic­tatorship of the proletariat in the period of transitionfrom capitalism to socialism and communism, paralysethe revolutionary will of the working class and labouringpeople, and undermine their confidence in socialism.Yugoslav revisionism is the concentrated expression ofmodern revisionist "theories". The Yugoslav revisionistclique has betrayed Marxism-Leninism, has led Yugosla­via out of the socialist camp and is engaged in sabotageagainst the socialist camp and the world communist move­ment, and in activities detrimental to the unity of allpeace-loving forces and countries. Further exposure ofthe Yugoslav revisionist clique remains an essential taskof the Marxist-Leninist parties of all countries. Whilecombating revisionism, it is also necessary to combatdogmatism. Dogmatism runs counter to the principle ofintegrating the universal truth of Marxism-Leninism withthe concrete practice of the revolution and constructionin each country, and alienates a Party from reality andfrom the masses. Dogmatism prevents a revolutionaryParty from developing Marxism-Leninism on the basis ofscientific analysis and from creatively applying Marxism­Leninism in the light of specific conditions. Both partiesstress that to safeguard the purity of Marxism-Leninismand defend the theoretical position of Marxism-Leninismis a militant task of the Communists of all countries atthe present time.

Both parties are deeply concerned over the differencesnow existing in the international communist movementand the socialist camp. Both parties reaffirm the neces­sity of calling a meeting of representatives of the ·Com-

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munist and Workers ' Parties of the whole world in orderto eliminate the differences and strengthen unity throughinter-Party consultations. Both parties affirm that to en­able the international meeting of fraternal Parties toachieve positive results, it is necessary to make adequatepreparations, including bilateral or multilateral talksamong fraternal Parties and fraternal countries.

The two parties note with satisfaction that the CentralCommittees of the Communist Parties of China and theSoviet Union, through their recent exchange of letters,have decided to hold bilateral talks. The two parties ex­press their sincere hope that the talks between the Chineseand Soviet Parties will achieve positive results, strength­en the unity of these two Parties and prepare the con­ditions necessary for the convocation of an internationalmeeting of fraternal Parties.

President Ho Chi Minh stresses that the CommunistParty of the Soviet Union and the Commu~ist Party ofChina are the two biggest Parties and bear the greatestresponsibility in the international communist movement,and that the unity of the Communist Parties of the SovietUnion and China is the pillar of the unity of the socialistcamp and the international communist movement. Presi­dent Ho Chi Minh expresses the belief that, through theefforts of the Soviet Communist Party and the ChineseCommunist Party and the joint efforts of all the Com­munist and Workers' Parties, the international communistmovement and the socialist camp will strengthen theirunity and continue to win still greater victories in thecommon struggle against imperialism and for peace, na­tional independence, democracy and socialism.

The two parties are deeply satisfied with the closeunity of the Chinese Communist Party and the Viet Nam

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Workers' Party and with the relations of friendship andco-operation between China and Viet Nam. In recentyears, China and Viet Nam have in their joint strugglesupported and assisted each other and respected eachother's independent and equal status, and have carriedon comprehensive mutual assistance and co-operation inthe political, economic, cultural, scientific and technicalfields. These relations of mutual assistance and co-opera­tion have a great significance for the promotion of thecommon progress of socialist construction in the twocountries and for the steady strengthening of the mightof the socialist camp. The friendship and unity betweenthe Chinese Communist Party and the Viet Nam Workers'Party and between China and Viet Nam are based onMarxism-Leninism and proletarian internationalism andare for ever unshakable. The two parties affirm that theChinese Communist Party and the Viet Nam Workers'Party and the two countries will exert every effort tostrengthen and consolidate still further the friendshipand unity of the two Parties and two countries.

Chairman Liu Shao-chi pays warm tribute to the greatachievements in socialist transformation and socialistconstruction attained by the Vietnamese people under theleadership of the Viet Nam Workers' Party and PresidentHo Chi Minh in accordance with their correct line andtheir policy of rapid, vigorous and steady development;and expresses admiration for the Vietnamese people's rev­olutionary spirit of building socialism through their ownefforts and through diligence and thrift, and for theirstyle of hard working and plain living. He expresses theconviction that the Vietnamese people will make stillgreater achievements in fulfilling the tasks defined in

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(signed)

HO CHI MINHPresident of the Demo­

cratic Republic of Viet Namand

President of theCentral Committee of the

Viet Narn Workers' Party

their First Five-Year Plan and in their struggle for thepeaceful reunification of their fatherland.

President Ho Chi Minh pays warm tribute to the greatsuccesses achieved by the Chinese people in socialist con­struction under the leadership of the Chinese CommunistParty and Chairman Mao Tse-tung and guided by thethree red banners-the general line for socialist construc­tion, the great leap forward and the people's commune.He expresses the conviction that the Chinese people willsurely be able to build China into a socialist country withmodern agriculture, modern industry, and modern scienceand culture and to liberate Taiwan and accomplish theunification of their fatherland. President Ho Chi Minhavails himself of this opportunity to express his gratitudeto the Chinese people for their full sympathy and supportfor the revolutionary cause of the Vietnamese people.

The two parties firmly believe that the present visitof Chairman Liu Shao-chi to the Democratic Republic ofViet Nam and the cordial talks between the Chairman andthe President not only further strengthen and consolidatethe militant friendship between the two countries but helpenhance the unity of the socialist camp and of the interna­tional communist movement and contribute to the causeof defending world peace and promoting the progress ofmankind.

Hanoi, May 16, 1963

(signed)

LIU SHAO-CHIChairman of the

People's Republic of Chinaand

Vice-Chairman of theCentral Committee of the

Communist Party of China

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CHAIRMAN LIU SHAO-CHI'S SPEECH AT THEMASS RALLY IN BA DINH SQUARE, HANOI

(May 12, 1963).

Dear Comrade President Ho Chi Minh,Dear Comrade Tran Duy Hung, Chairman of the City

Administrative Committee of Hanoi ,Dear Comrades, Friends:

It is a great pleasure for us today to meet the fraternalVietnamese people in Hanoi, the glorious capital ' of VietNam , here in historic Ba Dinh Square. In the name ofthe Chinese Communist Party and the Chinese people,I extend the most cordial and respectful greetings to theglorious Viet Nam Workers' Party, to the heroic peopleof Hanoi and all the people of Viet Nam , and to ComradeHo Chi Minh, President of the Democratic Republic ofViet Nam.

From the time of our arrival on the soil of our fraternalneighbour, the Democratic Republic of Viet Nam , wehave spent every moment in an atmosphere of sincereand warm friendship. It calls to mind what the comradesof the Chinese and Vietnamese Parties and the people of

.our two countries went through together. In the darkdays when imperialism and colonialism oppressed VietNam and China, many Vietnamese comrades, besideswaging brave struggles at home, took direct part in theChinese people's revolutionary struggles. Chinese and

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Vietnamese Party comrades, and the people of both coun­tries, fou ght shoulder to shoulder, sharing not only thediff iculties and the hardships of struggle but also thejoy s of victory . In our present visit, we feel particularfriendship and delight over our happy meeting both withour old and with our new Vietnamese comrades-in-arms.Our friendship has a long history. It is a militant friend­ship, forged in the storm of revolution, a great classfriendship that is proletarian internationalist in character,a friendship that is indestructible.

The Democratic Republic of Viet Nam has grown andbecome powerful in its revolutionary struggles againstimper ialis m and its lackeys. Under the leadership ofViet Nam 's Marxist-Leninist party headed by PresidentHo Chi Minh, the Vietnamese people in long and arduouss tru ggles won th e vi ctory of the August Revolution, whichopene d a new era in the history of Viet Nam. In anothernine years of heroic war of re sistance, the Vietnamesepeople fi na lly defeated the attacks of the French co­lon ialists , who wer e backed by U.S. imperialism, achievedcomp let e revo lu tionary victory in northern Viet Nam andsu ccessfully sa feg ua rded the young republic led by thewo rking class. Standing firm at the southeastern frontof the sociali st camp, the Democratic Republic of VietNam has been wa gin g unflinching struggles against U.S .imp erialism and making great contributions to the defenceof peac e in Southeast Asia, in Asia as a whole and inth e wh ole world. The growth and consolidation of theDemocratic Republic of Viet Nam and the struggles andvictor ies of the Vietnamese people are a great inspira­tion to the revolutionary struggles of the oppressed na­tions and oppressed peoples throughout the world, forwhom they are a brilliant example.

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The resolutions of the Third National Congress of theViet Nam Workers' Party correctly point out that VietNarri's revolution in its present stage has two closelyrelated strategic tasks which reinforce each other. Theseare: to carry out .the socialist revolution in the north,and at the same time ' to hasten the national people'sdemocratic revolution in the south in order to achievenational reunification. Under the correct leadership ofthe Viet Nam Workers' Party and the Government ofthe Democratic Republic of Viet Nam, the people ofnorthern Viet Nam have scored a series of brilliantachievements in rehabilitating. the national economyand carrying out socialist transformation and socialistconstruction since the restoration of peace in 1954. Inthe short period of three years, the Vietnamese peoplein the north quickly healed the scars of long years ofwar and completed land reform. After 1958, they suc­cessfully completed the Three-Year Plan for expandingand transforming their national economy and developingculture, and they carried out the socialist transforma­tion of agriculture, handicrafts and capitalist industryand commerce. Since 1961 they have been implement­ing their great First Five-Year Plan, and have success­fully fulfilled the tasks set for the first two years.Working diligently with their own hands, they arebuilding the north into a solid base for achieving thepeaceful reunification of their motherland. Inspired bythe resolutions of the Third National Congress of theViet Nam Workers' Party, the Vietnamese people arenow vigorously unfolding a patriotic labour emulationcampaign, are rapidly, vigorously and steadily buildingsocialism and are striving for the successful completionof the First Five-Year Plan. The Central Committee

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of the Viet Nam Workers ' Party has recently declaredthat the primary task in the state plan for this year isto conce ntrat e on promoting agriculture, so that some ofthe pressin g pr obl ems affecting the people's livelihood_ mainl y th e pr oblems of grain , non-staple food stuffs,clothing and certain vital consumer goods - can bemor e effec tive ly solved . It is our firm belief that, withthe corr ect leadership of the Viet Nam Workers' Party,wit h the ex cellent working style of the broad sectionsof the Vietnamese cadres - plain living, hard work andkeep ing in close touch with the masses - and with theViet names e people 's revolutionary spirit of self-relianceand of dilige nce and thrift in building their country,the socialist cons tru ction of northern Viet Nam willsure ly go forw ard from victory to ever greater victory.

The tri umph of socialist construction in northern VietNarn is giv ing powerful inspiration to the people of thesouthern part in the ir patriotic, just struggles. Whilecourageously building socialism, the people of the north­ern part do not for a moment forget that their mother­lan d is st ill kept divided. President Ho Chi Minh haswe ll sai d that as long as the Vietnamese people have notdriven U.S. imper ialism out of the south and liberatedit fro m the brutal rule of the U.S.-Ngo Dinh Diem clique,they cannot sleep or eat at ease. The perfidious U.S. im­pe ria lists and th eir running dogs, the Ngo Dinh Diemregi me , ha ve not only obstructed the peaceful reunifica­tion of Viet Nam in violation of the Geneva agreementsof 1954, bu t ha ve brazenly launched an undeclared waragainst the peopl e of the south, in an attempt to turn thesouth in to a U.S. colony and a strategic base for U.S. ag­gression agai nst northern Viet Nam and other socialistcountries. Th e Kennedy government has sent more

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than 15,000 U.S. military personnel to southern VietNam, together with many kinds of modern weapons, toconduct a whole number of criminal experiments in"special warfare", committing heinous crimes against thepeople of the south. However, the south Vietnamesepeople, with their glorious revolutionary traditions, havenever been cowed by the savage attacks of U.S. imperial­ism and its lackeys. United as one, they have taken uparms and are courageously fighting in self-defence againstthe U.S. aggressors and their lackeys - for survival, forliberation and for the independence and reunification oftheir motherland. Time and again, they have smashedthe enemy's "mopping-up" operations and have destroyedgroup after group of the "strategic hamlets" set up bythe enemy, and they have won one victory after another.The victories of the south Vietnamese people in theirrevolutionary struggles are effectively puncturing thearrogance of the U.S. aggressors and safeguarding thesocialist construction of the people in the north and peacein Southeast Asia and the whole world.

The patriotic struggle against U.S. imperialism wagedby the south Vietnamese people is absolutely just and isa shining example for the people of the world demandingliberation. It has won the sympathy and support of allrevolutionary people the world over. The Chinese peo­ple, the Chinese Communist Party and the Chinese Gov­ernment resolutely support the south Vietnamese peopleand the entire Vietnamese people in their patriotic, juststruggle against U.S. imperialist aggression and for thepeaceful reunification of their motherland. We firmlybelieve that, led by the South Viet Nam National Libera­tion Front and supported by their brothers in northernViet Nam and the people of the whole world, the south

22

Vietnamese people will, after long and arduous struggles,finally drive out the U.S. aggressors and complete thesacred task of reunifying the motherland.

The great achievements in socialist transformation andsocialist construction in the north, the continued suc­cesses of the Vietnamese people in their sacred cause ofreunification of the motherland, Viet Nam's efforts andcontributions towards carrying out the 1962 Genevaagreements and safeguarding peace in Indo-China, VietNam's increasing prestige in international affairs - allthese are evidence that the people of Viet Nam are aheroic people and that the general line of the Viet NamWorkers' Party and of the Government of the DemocraticRepublic of Viet Nam guiding their domestic and foreignpolicies is correct. The strength of the people is invin­cible. Guided by correct revolutionary policy, this greatstrength will surely overcome every obstacle on the roadof progress and perform earth-shaking feats.

Comrades, Friends! The present world situation is ex­cellent. It is a situation favourable to the people of allcountries and unfavourable to imperialism and reaction.It is favourable to the people's revolutionary strugglesand their struggle to maintain world peace and un­favourable to the imperialists' acts of aggression andschemes of war. The strength of the countries in the so­cialist camp has greatly increased. The national demo­cratic movements in Asia, Africa and Latin Americacontinue to gain new victories. The working people inthe capitalist world have made new progress in their fightfor better living standards and for democratic rights.All over the world the people are developing anextensive mass movement against the imperialist policiesof aggression and war and in defence of world peace.

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At the same time the imperialists are confronted with adaily worsening crisis. The contradictions inherent inimperialism are growing increasingly acute. The im­perialist camp is fast disintegrating. U.S . imperialismis ever more closely besieged by the revolutionary peopleof the world. Together with its lackeys in all countries,imperialism is declining like the setting sun. Socialismand the national revolutionary and people's revolutionarymovements it supports are ascending like the sun risingover the eastern horizon. This is the main trend in thepresent world situation.

These favourable changes are the result of the long andrepeated trials of strength and the world-wide struggle sbetween the socialist camp and the people of the worldOn the one hand and imp eiialism headed by the UnitedStates, and its lackeys, on the other. It is these trials ofstrength and struggle s that have radically changed theinternational balance of class forc es . Superiority be­longs to the socialist camp and the r evolutionary peopleof the world. The combined strength of the socialistcamp, the international working-class movement, thenational-liberation movement and the peace movementhas greatly surpassed that of imperialism and its lackeys.

The existence of the socialist camp and its develop­ment have considerably restricted the scope of imperial­ist domination and activities and accelerated the revolu­tionization of the oppressed nations and peoples, and aretherefore capable of exercising a decisive influence on thegeneral course of world hi story. The socialist countries'achievements in construction, their economic developmentand their scientific and technical progress playa greatexemplary role. However, we must not fail to see thattwo-thirds of the world 's population are still under im-

24

perialist and capitalist rule. To affirm the decisive in­flu enc e and exemplary role of the socialist camp certainlydoe s not mean replacing or renouncing the revolutionaryst rugg le of the oppressed nations and peoples, and re­placing or renouncing class struggle on the world arena.In eac h country the people can win victory by relyingprimaril y on their own r esolute re volutionary struggle.We ar e in an era of serious and sharp class struggle, asCom rade Le Duan, First Secretary of the Central Com­mit te e of the Viet Nam Workers' Party, well put it inhis spee ch on the eightieth anniversary of the death ofMarx, a speech of a high Marxist-Leninist order.

The agg ressive nature of imperialism will neverch ange . Faced w ith an increasingly unfavourable worldsituation , U.S. impe r ia lism is using more adventurist andcunning means to realize its counter-revolutionary globalstrategy. Th e Kennedy Administration of the UnitedStates talks peace and disarmament, but in fact it isfr ant ically ex panding its armaments for war, is prepar­ing both nuclear and conventional warfare, and is alreadywaging "special warfare". Backed by military force, itis engaged in aggressive activities everywhere. U.S. im­perialism is pu shing ahead with its neo-colonialism inAsia , Africa and Latin America by means of armed sup­pr essi on , poli tical fraud and economic infiltration. Withreg ard to the socialist countries, besides military aggres­sion and th rea ts of war, it is intensifying its activities ofsubver si on and infiltration, and is pursuing a policy of"pe aceful evolut ion" in the attempt to restore capitalismin them. It has never cea sed to threaten the Cuban peo­ple wit h war. It is continuing its armed aggression insou th ern Viet Nam. No sooner were the Geneva agree­m ents on the Laotian questi on signed than the U.S. irn-

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perialists colluded with the Laotian reactionaries toundermine the unity of the Laotian patriotic forces in anattempt to subvert the Provisional Laotian Governmentof National Union and to rekindle civil war, and theyare thus seriously threatening the independence, peaceand neutrality of Laos. Countless facts have shown thatU.S. imperialism is the gendarme suppressing the people'sjust struggle in various countries, the chief bastion ofmodern colonialism, the main force of aggression and war,the enemy of world peace and the common foe of allpeoples.

In these circumstances, the socialist countries and theinternational proletariat must form the closest possiblealliance with the oppressed nations and peoples, unitewith all forces that can be united, and organize and ex­pand the broadest united front against imperialism headedby the United States, in order to wage determined, un­remitting struggle against the U.S. imperialist policies ofaggression and war. So long as we maintain unity andpersevere in struggle, it is possible to defeat the aggres­sive activities and war schemes of U.S. imperialism andto prevent a new world war, and the people of the worldis undoubtedly able to win final victory in the lofty causeof world peace and human progress.

To win lasting world peace and victory in the socialistcause, it is of paramount importance to defend andstrengthen the unity of the socialist camp on the basis ofMarxism-Leninism. The primary task for every socialistcountry and every fraternal Party in power is to developmutual help and co-operation among the socialist coun­tries in accordance with the principle of proletarianinternationalism. The Declaration of 1957 and the State­ment of 1960 specifically stipulate that the socialist coun-

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tries must respect each other's independence and sov­ereignty, treat each other with equality, refrain frominterfering in each other's internal affairs, co-operate onthe basis of mutual benefit and help each other. If theseprinciples are strictly observed and not violated, the unityof the socialist camp can certainly be strengthened.

The socialist countries have always adhered to thepolicy of peaceful coexistence with countries having dif­ferent social systems, including the imperialist countries.Obstacles to peaceful coexistence never come from theside of the socialist countries, they come from the im­perialists and the reactionaries. In striving for peacefulcoexistence, it is imperative, above all, to conduct a res­olute struggle against the imperialist policies of aggres­sion and war and not to liquidate this struggle, and stillless to liquidate the revolutionary struggles of the op­pressed nations and peoples.

While building socialism, the socialist countries mustfirmly support the revolutionary struggles of all op­pressed nations and peoples. This is their internationalduty which they must not shirk. Wherever there is oppres­sion by imperialism and reaction, the people will inevita­bly rise in revolution. The revolutions of the oppressednations and peoples are a direct ally for the forces ofsocialism. The relation between the oppressed nationsand peoples and the socialist forces is one of mutual sup­port and help, of flesh and blood. The imperialists andreactionaries invariably try in a thousand and one waysto sever this flesh and blood relationship, so as to stampout the people's revolutionary movement and thendestroy the socialist countries. The great Lenin pointedout time and again, "Alliance with the revolutionariesof the advanced countries and with all the oppressed peo-

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ples against any and all the imperialists - such is theexternal policy of the proletariat."

We hold that the three aspects I have just mentionedconstitute the basic content of the foreign policy of thesocialist countries. These three aspects are interrelatedand indivisible, and not a single one can be omitted. Thatis to say, the foreign policy of socialist countries mustnot be one -sidedly reduced to the single aspect of peacefulcoexistence. Peaceful coexistence refers to relations be­tween socialist countries and capitalist countries. Itmust not be interpreted at will, or stretched to apply tothe relations between the oppressed and oppressor na ­tions, or between oppressed and oppressor classes. It isimpermissible, in the name of peaceful coexistence, tocancel the duty of socialist countries to support the rev­olutionary struggles of the oppressed nations and peoples.Still less is it permissible to substitute the foreign policyof any socialist country for the revolutionary line of theproletariat and its Party in other countries.

Comrades, Friends! Under the wise leadership of theChinese Communist Party and Comrade Mao Tse-tung,the Chinese people have gained a series of great victoriesin socialist revolution and socialist construction in thelast few years. We encountered difficulties caused byserious natural calamities and other factors. Now I cantell you that the Chinese people have basically overcomethese difficulties. Conditions in the various branches ofour national economy are getting better day by day.Continuing to hold aloft the three red banners of thegeneral line, the great leap forward and the people'scommune, our people are striving for further progressin our socialist revolution and socialist construction andare striving to build a still firmer foundation for the

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modernization of agriculture, industry, national defence,science and technology.

Our experience tells us that class struggle is unavoid­able even after the working class obtains political powerand continues throughout the historical period of transi­tion from capitalism to communism. International im­perialism is constantly scheming to wipe out or subvertthe socialist countries. The overthrown reactionary rul­ing classes never reconcile themselves to their fate. Incollaboration with international imperialism, they alwaystry to make a comeback. At the same time, bourgeoissocial influences and the force of habit of the old societystill survive as do the spontaneous tendencies towardscapitalism among the small producers. In the Party andstate organizations, in the economic and other depart­ments there are to be found certain corrupt elementsthat steal public property or speculate for profit. Becauseof these internal and external factors, the question ofwhether socialism or capitalism will win out in a socialistcountry can be finally settled only after protracted, com­plicated, tortuous and sometimes very sharp struggles.While successfully conducting socialist construction, theleadership of a Marxist-Leninist party has the task ofcarrying the socialist revolution through to the end onthe economic, political, ideological and cultural fronts,and of maintaining vigilance and guarding against thedanger of capitalist restoration.

We realize that we may meet with all kinds of difficul­ties in the path of our progress. But we are confidentthat as long as we adhere strictly to the revolutionaryline of Marxism-Leninism and rely closely on the masses,we will certainly overcome all the difficulties in the wayof our advance. It is the people who have invariably

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accomplish ed th e miracles of history . Since th e Chinesepeople were abl e to suc ceed, after long and arduous strug­gles, in overthrowing the reactionary rule of imperial­ism , feudalism and bu reauc rat-c apitalism , they will cer ­tainly be able to build their motherland into a rich , pros­perous and pow erful socialis t country by their ow ndiligent ef for ts .

China and Viet Nam are intimate and fraternal neigh­bours. Our two countries are clos ely related, like lipsand teeth, and we share each other's troubles and dif ­ficulties. In weal or woe our two countries always standtogether and always support each other. We have alwaysco-operated closely and helped each other. Our relationsof friendship, mutual assistance and co-operation arebased on Marxism-Leninism and proletarian interna­tionalism; they fully conform to the principles guidingrelations between fraternal socialist countries and canwithstand the te st of any storm. For the victory of ourcommon ideals, our common cause and our commonstruggle, the Chinese people will always unite and co­op erate closely with the fraternal Vietnamese people, an dwill march forward shoulder to sh oulder with them.

Long live the great friendship and militant unity be-tween the Chinese and Vietnamese peoples!

Long live the heroic Vietnamese pe ople!Long live the Democratic Republic of Viet Nam!Long live the glorious Viet Nam Workers' Party!Long live President Ho Chi Minh!Long live the national democratic revolutionary move­

ments of Asia, Africa and Latin America!Long live the unity of the socialist camp!Long live invincible Marxism-Leninism!

COMRADE LIU SHAO-CHI'S SPEECH AT A MEETINGIN HIS HONOUR AT THE NGUYEN AI QUOC

PARTY SCHOOL, HANOI

(May 15, 1963)

Dear Comrade Ho Chi Minh,Dear Comrade Truong Chinh,Dear Comrades:

Today I am delighted to have the opportunity of visit­ing your Party school, which is named after Comrade HoChi Minh, beloved leader of the Vietnamese people, andis directly under the Central Committee of the Viet NamWorkers' Party, and of meeting all the comrades of thefaculty and staff and all the student comrades. Inthe name of Comrade Mao Tse-tung, in my own nameand in the name of all the comrades on this visit, Ihereby extend warm comradely regards and com­munist greetings to you. The Comrade Director hasjust referred to China's assistance to Viet Nam. It is ourinternational duty to help you as far as possible. If youthink that we have done our international duty, that isan encouragement and comfort to us. But it should bepointed out that, first of all, it is you who have helped us.Your socialist revolution and socialist construction in thenorth, the consolidation of your state and the valiantstruggle of your compatriots in the south are all a tre­mendous help to us and to the entire socialist camp. As-

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sistance has always been mutual in the proletarian rev­olutionary cause. There are now certain people whoconstantly stress their assistance to others and disownothers' assistance to them; this does not accord with thefacts. This sort of attitude is not a Marxist-Leninistattitude.

The Comrade Director also referred to the question ofthe path of the October Revolution, which is a very im­portant question of principle. The October Revolutionhas universal historic significance. The Chinese revolu­tion is a continuation of the October Revolution. TheVietnamese revolution is also a continuation of theOctober Revolution. The Moscow Declaration of 1957sums up the universal truth of the Great October Revolu­tion in nine common rules. Proletarian revolution any­where in the world must follow the path of the OctoberRevolution, must follow the path already traversed bythe Russians. Some people now claim that it is notnecessary to do what the Russians did. This is utterlywrong.

Comrades here are studying Marxism-Leninism. Thisis a permanent obligation for Communists. But at thepresent time, it is of special and vital significance forraising our Marxist-Leninist level to launch a campaignfor the study of Marxism-Leninism.

The international communist movement is now in acrucially important period. There is an acute world­wide struggle between Marxist-Leninists and modernrevisionists over a series of important questions of prin­ciple. The polemics are centred on whether or not thepeople of the world should carry out revolutions andwhether or not the party of the proletariat should leadthem in revolutions. The development of this struggle

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has a vital bearing on the success or failu re of the enti recause of the proletariat an d the worki ng people thro ug h­out the world, and on the dest in y of the whole ofmankind. We cannot look on with folded arms or follo wa middle course with regard to this important questionof the struggle between conflicting principles .

Cloaked as Marxist-Leninists, the modern re visionis tsare actually wantonly adulterating Marxism-Le ni nis m,emasculating Marxism-Leninism of its revolutionarysoul, denying the historical necessity for a proletarianrevolution and the dictatorship of th e proletari a t duringthe period of transition from capitalis m to communism ,denying the leading role of the proletarian par ty, sub­stituting hypocritical bourgeois "supra-class" viewpoin tsfor Marxist-Leninist viewpoints of class analysis, andsubstituting bourgeois pragmatism for di al ect ical ma teri­alism. They are doing their ut most to paralyse the rev­olutionary will of the working class, to ta mpe r w ith t heessential contents of socialism an d com munism as strictlydefined by Marxism-Leninism and, in fact, to res tor eor preserve capitalism. Un der such circumstances, th efighting task of all Marxist-Le ninists is n ot to evade th echallenge of modern revisionism, but to unite in smas h ingthis attack completely, defending the purity of Marxi sm ­Leninism, and holding aloft the re d bann er of revolution,and to show the proletariat an d the working peopl e t hecorrect direction of struggle and the roa d to vic tory.

In order to smash the attacks of modern revisionismwe must first of all seek guidance fro m Marx, En gels:Lenin and Stalin, conscientiously study the ir wo rks andgrasp the incisive weapon of Mar xi sm-Leninism. Wemust also make a serious study of the lesson s providedby the teachers by negative example, incl ud ing the w rit-

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ings of the modern revisionists and of old-line revisionistssuch as Bernstein, Kautsky and Plekhanov, as wellas imperialist evaluations of modern revisionism. Ofcourse, we must also read the writings of modern rev­olutionary Marxist-Leninists. In this way we shall beable to make. a comparative study and on each questionat issue see what Marx, Engels, Lenin and Stalin had tosay; what the old-line revisionists had to say; what themodern revisionists have to say; what the imperialists

. have to say; and what the modern revolutionaryMarxist-Leninists have to say. In this way we shall reallybe able to understand how the objective situation de­velops and how the modern revisionists distort and tam­per with Marxism-Leninism. The revisionists will thusbe unmasked and their features clearly exposed. This,I think, is a method of study which links theory withpractice, the Leninist method of study. In doing so, wecan unquestionably greatly raise our theoretical levelof Marxism-Leninism and increase a hundredfold ourstrength and confidence in combating modern revisionism.

All of us have read some Marxist-Leninist works. Somecomrades may think that they do not need to read againwhat they have read before. This is not necessarilytrue. When we read Marxist-Leninist works in the past,we often failed to understand them deeply and laterforgot them because we did not read with a view tosolving any particular problem. Now the case is dif­ferent and we have acquired a deeper understanding sincewe read them over again in order to answer the challengeof the revisionists. For the many propositions advancedby the modern revisionists are by no means the "creativedevelopments" of Marxism-Leninism they are alleged tobe, but are a repetition and extension under new condi-

34

tions of the opportunist viewpoints of Bernstein, Kautskyand other old-line revisionists. Most of their argumentswere refuted long ago by Marx, Engels, Lenin and Stalin.

While combating revisionism, the main danger in theinternational communist movement today, we must alsooppose dogmatism, oppose all forms of "Left" opportun­ism. In formulating their line and policies dogmatistsdo not integrate the universal truth of Marxism-Leninismwith the concrete practice of revolution at home andabroad. They mechanically copy from books and fromthe experience of other countries and parrot others onimportant international issues. The history of the devel­opment of Marxism-Leninism is one of fighting againstand overcoming all kinds of opportunism. It is our firmbelief that, although the present struggle against revi­sionism will be protracted and complicated, with manytwists and turns, invincible Marxism-Leninism willcertainly triumph over revisionism and will develop inthe course of the struggle.

Let us hold still higher the revolutionary banner ofMarxism-Leninism and march forward courageously tovictory in the struggle for world peace, national inde­pendence, democracy and socialism!

Workers and oppressed nations all over the world,unite! Oppose our common enemy!

Long live ever-victorious Marxism-Leninism!