joseph fiksel executive director, center for resilience the ohio state university sustainability...
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Sustainability and Resilience in aTurbulent World
Joseph FikselExecutive Director, Center for ResilienceThe Ohio State University
Sustainability Advisor, Office of Research & DevelopmentU.S. Environmental Protection Agency
The content of this presentation reflects the views of the author and does not represent the policies or position of the U.S. EPA.
Our Expanding Footprint“If everyone alive today consumed natural resources and emitted carbon dioxide at the same rate as the average American, European, or Australian then we would need at least another three earths.” - WWF International
Enterprise Sustainability
“a business approach that creates long-term shareholder value by embracing opportunities and managing risks that derive from economic, environmental and social developments.”
- Dow Jones Sustainability Indexes
Ford Motor Company• World’s largest industrial green roof—Rouge plant• First American hybrid vehicle—2005 Ford Escape• Many recent models, e.g., Mustang, use soy foam for
seat cushions, as well as other renewable materials
DFE the HP WayHP’s TouchSmart all-in-one touch-screen PC saves up to 86 kWh per year energy savings through power management, ships in 100 percent recyclable packaging, and uses 55% less metal and 37% less plastic than standard PCs and monitors.
Sustainable Manufacturing• 60% recycled glass cullet, virtually zero waste• No visible plume, minimal environmental permits• High productivity, low ecological footprint• Atticat® insulation is Cradle to Cradle Certified• Self-directed work environment – no supervisors
Mount Vernon, OhioULF Insulation Plant
DuPont—Sustainable Chemistry• EcoConcept® water-based, primerless auto paint• About 25% reduction in energy and emission footprint• Saves $60 million capital, up to $12 million/yr operating• Adopted by Volkswagen facilities in Mexico and Spain
Caterpillar—Remanufacturing• Old engines restored to warrantied like-new condition• Global business is fast-growing, profitable, resilient• 4,000 employees at 17 dedicated facilities in 8 nations
Greening of Consumer Products
Greening of Service Industries
Life Cycle of an Aluminum Can
Can recycling
Sorting
Shredding
Remelting
Ingot Casting
Metal Fabrication
Can Production
Beverage Can Use
Primary Smelting
Alumina Refining
BauxiteMining
Consumer Market
Recycled cans require 5% of the process energy used for
virgin ore
Eco-LCA™ Web-Based Visual Interface
21st Century Pressures• Globalization and complexity• Accelerating technological change• Mounting stakeholder expectations• Threatened natural resources• Economic volatility• Global warming• Terrorism• Poverty• Disease Got Resilience?
The New Normal• Classical management approach
• Orderly operations punctuated by predictable disruptions
• Continuous improvement• Strategic planning
• Emerging systems approach• Tightly coupled dynamic systems with
unpredictable discontinuities• Continuous change• Adaptive management
Center for ResilienceAn interdisciplinary research center dedicated to improving the continuity, adaptability and
long-term sustainability of industrial enterprises and their environments.
Collaborators: American Electric Power, Dow Chemical, Owens Corning, Limited Brands, Nationwide, Procter & Gamble, Veolia, U.S. Business Council for Sustainable Development, City of Columbus,
Ohio EPA, Ohio Department of Natural Resources, U.S. EPA
Joseph Fiksel, Executive Director
Dept. of Integrated Systems Engineering
Bhavik Bakshi, Research DirectorDept. of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
Sustainability is the capacity for:• human health and well being• economic vitality and prosperity• environmental resource abundance
Resilience is the capacity to:• overcome unexpected problems• adapt to change (e.g., sea level rise) • prepare for and survive catastrophes
fitnesscontinuity
The Triple Value (3V) Model
Environment (natural capital)
waste and emissions may degrade the environment
ecological goodsand services are
utilized in industry
ecosystem services provide amenities for
communities
some waste is recovered and recycled
emissions may harm humans
natural resources may be depleted
Society (human & social capital)
Economy(economic capital) economic value
is created for society
talent is utilized in industry
Environment
Harmony &
SymbiosisNaturalResourc
es
Biotechnology
& Biomimicry
HumanResourc
es
Shared Value
Health & Well-being Nourishme
nt & Comfort
SocietyEconomy
Governments
Minerals Climate
Ecosystem Services
Enterprises
Infrastructures
People
Communities
Ecosystems
Organisms
Resilience of Tightly Coupled Systems
Ecosystem Services
Wastes
Economic value
• Anticipation• Flexibility• Recovery• Security • Efficiency• Visibility• Adaptability• Collaboration• etc…
• Turbulence
• Deliberate threats
• External pressures
• Resource limits
• Connectivity
• Sensitivity
Supply Chain Resilience
Pettit, Fiksel & Croxton, Journal of Business Logistics, 2010
Vulnerabilities Capabilities
More resilient(adaptive capacity)
Less resilient
Less sustainable
More sustainable (resource productivity)
Examples of Synergies and Trade-offs
Nuclear energyRain harvestingLean production
Smart gridGrey water use
Distributed assets
Corn ethanolBottled water
Business as usual
Diesel backupDesalinationRedundancy
Source: J. Fiksel, I. Goodman, A. Hecht, “Navigating Toward a Sustainable Future,” Solutions, Jan. 2014
Integrated Dynamic Model for Nutrient Reduction in New England
21
Waves of Innovation
Unintended environmental, health, or safety impacts over the product life cycle
Design for Environment
(1990’s)
Threat of resource scarcity and diminished opportunity for future generations
Design for Sustainability
(2000’s)
Complexity and turbulent change in global economic, social, & ecological systems
Design for Resilience
Challenge Response
Reference Book
www.resilience.osu.edu
Joseph FikselDesign for EnvironmentSecond Edition
A Guide to Sustainable Product Development (McGraw-Hill 2009, 2011)