journal of hill agriculture 2012 vol 3(2)

8/10/2019 Journal of Hill Agriculture 2012 Vol 3(2)

1/23

Print ISSN: 0976-7606

Online ISSN: 2230-7338

Journal ofH i l l Agri cul t ure

Volume 3, No. 2 July December, 2012

Shari ng Knowledge for Prosperit y

Indian Society of Hill Agriculture,G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology,Pantnagar, Distt Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand 263 145 (INDIA)Website: www.ishaindia.in


2/23

INDIAN SOCIETY OF HILL AGRICULTURE (Regd. 2010)URL: www.ishaindia.in

JOURNAL OF HILL AGRICULTURE(Print ISSN 0976-7606, Online ISSN 2230-7338)

Journal of Hill Agriculture (JHA) is an international journal and an officialpublication of Indian Society of Hill Agriculture (ISHA). It publishes the original research in all branchesof agriculture and allied science that is of primary interest to the agricultural development, especially inhill and mountain regions of the world. The publication is open to the members of Indian Society of HillAgriculture but it also accepts papers from non-members if all authors become the annual/life memberwhen a paper is submitted / accepted for publication. The journal publishes various types of articles, i.e.(i) Strategy / Policy paper (exclusively by invitation from the personalities of eminence), (ii) Reviewpapers, (iii) Research papers and (iv) Short communications. The manuscripts may be submitted throughe mail to [email protected] or by online submission through ISHAs website www.ishaindia.inor www.indianjournals.com.

For print version of journal of hill agriculture, subscribers may write to the editor-in-chief (JHA) and theonline version may be accessed through www.indianjournals.com

Editor-in-ChiefDr SK Sharma, GBPUAT, Pantnagar, INDIA ([email protected])

Associate Editor (s)Dr KC Sharma, CSKHPKVV, Kullu, Himachal Pradesh, INDIA

Dr Birendra Prasad, GBPUAT, Pantnagar, INDIA

Associate Editor & Business ManagerDr AK Pandey, GBPUAT, Pantnagar, INDIA ([email protected])

EDITORIAL BOARD (2012)

Dr Ajay Gupta, SKUAST, Jammu, INDIA Dr Alkesh Kandoria, PSCST, Chandigarh, INDIA

Dr Amit Jasrotia, SKUAST, Jammu, INDIA Dr Anchal Dass, IARI, New Delhi, INDIA

Dr Asgar Ebadollahi, Ardabil, IRAN Dr Ashok Thakur, Univ of Hort. & Fty. Solan, HP, INDIA

Dr Bijayalaxmi Mohanty, National Univ of SINGAPORE Dr BM Pandey, VPKAS, Almora, Uttarakhand, INDIA

Dr Davide Spadaro, Univ of Torino, ITALY Dr HSR Kotturi , Univ Central Oklahoma, USA

Dr Gulzar Singh Sanghera, SKUAST(K) Anantnag, INDIA Dr Lala Iswari Prasad Ray, CAU, Meghalaya, INDIA

Dr J P Sharma, SKUAST(J) Jammu, INDIA Dr M Shakila Banu, Coimbatore, INDIA

Dr Pankaj Panwar, CSWCRTI, Chandigarh, INDIA Dr Rajesh Kaushal, CSWCRTI, Dehradun, INDIA

Dr Prashant Bakshi, SKUAST Jammu, INDIA Dr Rakefet David-Schwartz, Volcani Center, ISRAEL

Dr Rakesh Sharma, Univ of Hort. & Fty. Solan, HP, INDIA Dr Rashmi Yadav, NBPGR, New Delhi, INDIA

Dr Shachi Shah, IGNOU, New Delhi, INDIA Dr Sushil K Sharma, DSR, Indore, INDIA

Dr S K Maurya, GBPUAT, Pantnagar, INDIA Dr VP Zambare, SDSMT, South Dakota, USA

Dr VR Karoshi, Addis Ababa, ETHIOPIA Dr Yun Kong, Beijing University of Agriculture, CHINADr Sucheta Singh, Haridwar, INDIA

Dr Udit Kumar, RAU, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar, INDIA

Dr Tsering Stobdan, DIHAR, Leh (INDIA)

Dr Sanjai Kumar Srivastava, Pantnagar, INDIA

For any queries pertaining to Indian Society of Hill Agriculture (ISHA) or Journal of HillAgriculture (JHA) please write to Secretary / Editor-in-Chief (JHA), Indian Society of HillAgriculture Secretriat, College of Agriculture, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology,Pantnagar, Uttarakhand 249 199, IndiaPhone: +91 9412962535, 9412463923 E mail: [email protected],

[email protected] : www.ishaindia.in

Shar ing Knowledge for

Prosperity


3/23

Journal of Hill Agriculture 2012, Vol 3(2)

CONTENTS

Status of horticulture in Uttarakhand

AK SHARMA

69-76

Standardization of temperature regimes

for better seed germination and seedling

growth of Burdock (Arctium lappa)

SHAILESH TRIPATHI

DEEPAK MEWAR BIRENDRA

PRASAD VIKAS KUMAR JAIN

77-81

Studies on canning of apricot ( Prunus

armeniacaL.) varieties grown in

Himachal Pradesh

REENA KAUSHAL YS

DHALIWAL

82-86

Productivity of grain amaranth

(Amaranthus hypocondriacus) in relation

to organic nutrition under rainfed

conditions of Western Himalayas

DK SHUKLA TEJ PRATAP

BIRENDRA PRASAD

87-90

Per seperformance of bacterial wilt

resistant F6 progenies of tomato (Solanum

lycopersicumL.) in mid hills of Himachal

Pradesh

SANJAY CHADHA

AMIT BHUSHAN

91-94

Evaluation of different potato based

cropping sequences under rainfed mid hill

conditions of Uttarakhand

MEENU KUMARI SP UNIYAL

MEENAKSHI UNIYAL

95-98

Gender issues for drudgery reduction andsustainable small holder farming in rice

production system

SUCHETA SINGH AKSHARMA

99-102

Processing potential of dropped mango

fruits

APARNA BHATT CS CHOPRA

103-107

Phenotypic divergence foragromorphological traits among land

races of traditional rice genotypes of West

Bangal

ASHIM CHAKRAVORTY

PD GHOSH

108-111

Standardization of cutting parameters for

adventitious rooting in Tectona grandis

under protected conditions in new locality

of subtropical Himalayan region

VIPAN GULERIA

AMOL VASHISHT

112-115

Guidelines for authors i

Common abbreviations used in JHA iii

Abbreviations used for citing references iii

Referees of JHA 2012 Vol 3(2) v

Copyright Transfer Statement vi

Membership of ISHA vii


4/23

INDIAN SOCIETY OF HILL AGRICULTURE (Regd. 2010)

URL: www.ishaindia.in

Indian Society of Hill Agriculture (ISHA) was founded in 2010 having its secretariat at G.B. Pant Universityof Agriculture and Technology, Hill Campus, Ranichauri, Distt Tehri Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India with the mainobjective to cultivate and promote research, education and development of agriculture and allied branches of sciencewith special emphasis on development of hill and mountain regions of the world.

OFFICE BEARERS

Chief Patron: Vice Chancellor, GBPUAT PantnagarPresident: Dr PS Bisht, Dean, BharsarVice President (s): Dr AK Sharma, GBPUAT, Uttarakhand

Dr SK Thakur, CSKHPKVV, Palampur, Himachal PradeshDr VK Rao, GBPUAT, UttarakhandDr PJ Handique, Guwahati, AssamDr MS Mir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir

Secretary: Dr VK Yadav, GBPUAT, UttarakhandJoint Secretary: Dr Sanjeev Sharma, CPRI, Shimla

Dr Sunil Kumar, GBPUAT, UttarakhandDr OC Sharma, CITH, Srinagar, Jammu and KashmirDr Vinod K Sharma, GBPUAT, UttarakhandDr Mayank Rai, CAU, Manipur

Editor-in-Chief, J Hill Ag Dr Satish K Sharma, GBPUAT, UttarakhandAssociate Editor Dr KC Sharma, CSKHPKVV, Kullu, Himachal PradeshAssociate Editor & Business Manager: Dr AK Pandey, GBPUAT, Uttarakhand

Treasurer: Dr Chandra Dev, GBPUAT, Uttarakhand

INTERNATIONAL ADVISORY BOARDMembers from India Dr Mangla Rai, Former, President NAAS and Former Secretary DARE, Govt. of India

Dr P L Gautam, Former, Chairperson, PPVFRA, Govt. of IndiaDr Anwar Alam, Former Vice Chancellor, SKUAST(K), Srinagar, J&KDr KM Bujarbaruah, Vice Chancellor, AAU, Jorhat, AssamDr KR Dhiman, Former Vice Chancellor, Dr YSPUHF, Solan, HPDr Bhag Mal, Former South Asia Coordinator, Biodiversity International, New Delhi

Members from Abroad Dr JDH Keatinge, Director General, AVRDC, World Vegetable Centre, TaiwanDr Md. Yousuf Mian, Director General, BARI, Gazipur, BangladeshDr C Kole, Clemson University, South Carolina, USAProf (Dr) FG Schroeder, Dresdan, Germany

Dr G Paliyat, University of Guelph, Ontario, CanadaDr Ramesh Thakur, Michigan Technical University, Houghton, USA

EXECUTIVE COUNCILLORSDr AK Singh, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar PradeshDr AK Singh, GBPUAT, UttarakhandDr BL Attri, CITH (ICAR), Mukteshwar, UttarakhandDr SP Uniyal, GBPUAT, UttarakhandDr Vandana A Kumar, GBPUAT, UttarakhandDr VK Joshi, Dr YSPUHF, Solan, Himachal PradeshDr VK Sah, GBPUAT, UttarakhandDr VK Wali, SKUAST (J), Jammu and Kashmir

Shar ing Knowledge for

Prosperity


5/23

Journal of Hill Agriculture 3(2): 69 -76, July December, 2012


AK SHARMA

Accepted: August 12, 2012

ABSTRACT Special topography of Uttarakhand endows it

with natural potential for the development horticulture.

However, for the most part this potential remains untapped.

This is unfortunate because the largest consumer market forhorticulture products could have been well exploited by the

state to the advantage of its farmers. Prosperity of the kind

enjoyed by the farmers of neighbouring Himachal Pradesh

could also have been enjoyed by the farmers of Uttarakhand

instead of the current picture of economic outmigration.

Fortunately, even today it is possible to achieve our potential.

We know what needs to be done and the basic resources like

state nurseries/gardens and central government fundings are

adequately available. However, it is necessary for the state

government to match its repeated statement that horticulture

is a thrust area with adequate budgetary and policy support.

This will enable the Department of Horticulture to deliver on

its mandate if it is assisted with a favourable policy climate

enabling it to employ competent officers, leverage the state

gardens with the help of revolving funds and attract

additional central government funding.

KEYWORDS Horticulture, Uttarakhand, livelihood,

development, long term strategy, present status

INTRODUCTION

The importance of horticulture in the economic

development of Uttarakhand cannot to be over emphasized.

Nature has endowed Uttarakhand with a wide range of agro

climatic conditions which enable a large number of

horticulture commodities like fruit crops, flowers, vegetables,

mushrooms, tea, medicinal and aromatic plants to be grown

under various agro-climatic conditions in the state.

Sharma AK

Department of Horticulture, Government of Uttarakhand,

Chaubattia, Ranikhet, Uttarakhand - 263 651, India

E mail: [email protected]

The special topography and agro-climatic

conditions of the state limits the scope for production of field

crops, but offers suitable conditions for horticultural crops,

particularly of temperate fruits. Nevertheless, productivitylevels are comparatively poor vis a vis many developed

countries. Thus a huge untapped potential of temperate fruit

production exists in the state. Therefore, Uttarakhand

government has identified horticulture, particularly in the

hilly region as a thrust segment for overall development of

the state. In the state, fruits, vegetables and flower can be

exploited for off season supplies to the plains. Other ancillary

activities like mushroom and beekeeping can emerge as

sources of income for landless farmers of the state. The

horticulture industry could thus play an important role in the

amelioration of rural economy of the state by providing a

sustainable model of livelihood for small and marginal

farmers as well as a source of income and employment

generation.

WEATHER AND SOIL OF UTTARAKHAND

Uttarakhand is located in the outer Himalayan

region, which is known for diverse soil and weather

conditions comprising of 18 agro-ecological situations. The

soil of hilly terrains of the state is rich in organic matter and

high acidic in nature. In general, soils of the hill state are low

nitrogen and phosphorus level and medium in potassium

content.

It would be important to note here that the accuracy

of the data and the statistics maintained and provided by the

district and the state horticulture departments is not beyond

doubt. In general, figures of area as well as production do

certainly seem inflated. For example, there is hardly any

doubt over the fact that Himachal Pradesh is way ahead of us

in the horticulture at present. Both have similar kind of agro-

climatic conditions comparable in the area under cultivation.

While in Himachal Pradesh, the total area under fruit

cultivation as per the official figures stands at 2.05 lakh ha, in

Uttarakhand, the total area under fruit cultivation as per the

STATUS PAPER


6/23

Journal of Hill Agriculture 3(2): 77 - 81, July December, 2012

Standardization of temperature regimes for better seed germination and

seedling growth of Burdock (Arctium lappa)

SHAILESH TRIPATHIDEEPAK MEWAR BIRENDRA PRASAD VIKAS KUMAR JAIN

Received: May 12, 2012, Revised: August 22, 2012, Accepted: August 30, 2012

ABSTRACT The present investigations were carried tostandardize the optimum temperature for better seed

germination and subsequent seedling growth of Burdock

(Arctium lappa). The seeds were soaked in fresh water for 24

hours, then subjected at 16oC, 18

oC, 20

oC, 24

oC and 26

oC of

different batches in the seed germinator. The results revealed

that the seeds of Arctium lappaexposed to 22oC gave better

responses for germination, seedling growth along with other

vigor parameters in term of peak value, germination value

and germinative energy as compared to temperature regime

of 16 o

C, 18 o

C, 20 o

C, 24 o

C and 26 o

C. The significantly

maximum germination (89.01%), root length (4.97 cm), shoot

length (7.36 cm), peak value (4.23), germination value

(17.02) and germinative energy (0.86) was observed in seeds

exposed at 22 o

C followed by 20o

C. Thereby, indicating the

22o

C temperature was found optimal for getting higher seed

germination and seedling vigor for Burdock (Arctium lappa).

KEYWORDSArctium lappa, seed germination, temperature

regime, seedling vigor, medicinal plants

INTRODUCTION

Of about 15,000 species of flowering plants found in

India, about 17 % are considered to be of medicinal value

(Nadkarmi 1954, Jain 1968, Pei 2001).

Tripathi Shailesh1 Mewar Deepak

1 Prasad Birendra

2

Jain Vikas Kumar1

1Department of Horticulture,

2Department of Genetics and

Plant Breeding, GB Pant University of Agriculture and

Technology, Pantnagar, Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand -

263 145, India

Vikas Kumar Jain ( )


Many species (1,745) are from the Indian Himalayan region,and most of these are found in Uttarakhand (Bentley and

Trimen 1980, Kirtikar and Basu 1933, Nadkarni 1954,

Chopra 1956). People in this region are partially or

completely dependent on forest resources for medicine, food,

and fuel (Gaur 1999) and medicinal species are gradually

diminishing due to anthropogenic activities (Chhetri et al.

2005). The Garhwal Himalaya is one of the richest floristic

zones of India and provides more than 300 species of

medicinal plants (Gaur 1999, Parandial et al. 2005, Bhatt and

Negi 2006). Uttarakhand is the treasure of such high value

plants providing ample agro-climatic conditions for their

utilization and distribution and committed for their

commercial exploitation to achieve the vision of herbal state.

Burdock being prominent in the area holds indispensable

position in terms of distribution and utilization.

Arctium lappais an erect herb, branched, biennial

or perennial, up to one meter or more in height. Arctiumhas

been used therapeutically in Europe, North America and Asia

for hundreds of years. In the seeds, some active compounds

possess anti-inflammatory effects, and have potent inhibitory

effects on the growth of tumors such as the pancreatic

carcinoma. The roots contain a hexasaccharide, arctose, a

mucilaginous substance, tannins, volatile oil, stigmaterol and

sitosterol and a sulphur containing acetylenic acid called

arctic acid which are particularly effective and valuable in

eliminating heavy metals from our body (Yu et al. 2003).

The performance of any crop depends upon the quality

of seed, environmental factor, type of cultivar and cultural

practices (Shukla et al. 2011). However, the main constraint

in its commercial cultivation the supply of poor quality seed

material, i.e. poor seed germination percentage and lack of

knowledge about the seed rate for nursery raising/direct

sowing and viability period under storage conditions. Some

of the pre-treatments can be use to overcome this (Rawat et

RESEARCH PAPER


7/23

Journal of Hill Agriculture 3(2): 82 -86, July December, 2012

Studies on canning of apricot (Prunus armeniacaL.) varieties grown in

Himachal Pradesh

REENA KAUSHALYS DHALIWALReceived: Dec 22, 2011; Revised: April 22, 2012; Accepted: May 15, 2012

ABSTRACT Amongst temperate fruits, apricot has

considerable importance in Himachal Pradesh. The fresh

fruits of two varieties namely Shakarpara and New Castle

were procured for studies on canning from Bogtu farm,

Department of Horticulture, District Kinnaur and Horticulture

farm of CSK HPKV Palampur, respectively and were

evaluated for their suitability for canning. Results revealed

that the apricot canned in 45oB syrup had better quality and

the addition of citric acid in the syrup improved the colour,

texture, mouth feel and overall acceptability and the citric

acid in combination with calcium chloride improve the

texture of canned apricot.

KEYWORDS Canning, heat preservation, apricot, quality,

storage,Prunus armeniaca

INTRODUCTION

Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) is a delicate fruit

and is well known for its perishable nature as it does not

stand long transportation and sustain intransit losses. It is

originated in Western China and grown in areas of altitude

ranging from 900 to 2000 m amsl. In India, Jammu and

Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh and hills of Uttarakhand are the

major apricot producing areas.

Kaushal Reena1 Dhaliwal YS

2

1Krishi Vigyan Kenda, Berthin, Distt Bilaspur, Himachal

Pradesh 174 029, India2Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Home

Science, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya,

Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 174 029, India

Reena Kaushal ( )


Among different states of India, Himachal Pradesh

has made tremendous progress in horticulture. In Himachal

Pradesh its production is 10000 metric tonnes annually in an

area of 3588 ha (Anon 2010). Solan and Sirmour districts are

major apricot producing areas of Himachal Pradesh (Singh et.

al. 1990). The fresh fruits of apricot are very attractive and

highly nutritious, but are also highly perishable. The

perishability of various temperate fruit crops has also been

previously reported (Sharma et al. 2004a,b, Sharma et al.

2010). The fruits are rich source of vitamin A, minerals and

sugars, but fresh fruits are highly perishable. The apricot

season is short, once they are picked, they must be processes

immediately. Therefore, the fruits are utilized for the

preparation of jam, chutney, sauce, beverages, canned and

dried apricots. Canning of fruits and vegetable is a big

industry and largely acceptable by the consumers. These are

canned in the season when the raw material is plenty. The

canned products are preferably consumed in the off season

and give better returns to the growers (Singh et. al. 1992,

Sharma 2010). The investigation, therefore, conducted to

examine the varieties for their suitability as canned products.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The fresh fruits of two apricot varieties namely

Shakarpara and New Castle were procured from Bogtu

farm, Department of Horticulture District Kinnaur and

Horticulture farm of CSK HPKV Palampur, respectively.

Other raw materials as sugar, citric acid, calcium chloride etc.

used for preparation of canned apricots were purchased from

the local market. The fruits of Shakarpara and New Castle

varieties were washed, sorted and destonned. The halves of

the fruits were used for canning. The steps followed in

canning are as below:

RESEARCH PAPER


8/23


Productivity of grain amaranth (Amaranthus hypocondriacus) in relation to

organic nutrition under rainfed condition of Western Himalayas

DK SHUKLATEJ PRATAP BIRENDRA PRASADReceived: November 2, 2012, Revised: November 15, 2012, Accepted: December 21, 2012

ABSTRACT A field experiment was conducted with an

objective to find out suitable organic sources and their dose

for optimum nutrient management in grain amaranth. The

experiment was laid out with 15 treatments consisting of

different rates of organic sources in randomized block design

with three replications. Yield attributes and yields of grain

amaranth were significantly influenced by various organic

sources during both the years of experimentation except

straw yield in 2008. The highest yield attributes and grain

yield of amaranth (20.37 and 22.58 q/ha during 2007 and

2008, respectively) were recorded with application of

recommended dose of fertilizers (60 kg N and 40 kg P2O5)

which was at par with vermicompost 2.5t/ha + chullu cake

2.5 t/ha during both the years. Yield attributes followed same

trend. Successive increase in dose of organic manures

increased the yield attributes and yields of grain amaranth.

Highest B: C ratio (3.93) was recorded when recommended

dose of fertilizers was applied followed by FYM 8.0 t/ha

(2.63) and chullu cake 2.5 t/ha+ FYM 4.0 t/ha (2.18).

Vermicompost 2.5t/ha + chullu cake 2.5 t/ha treatment can be

economical when the produce will be sold as organic produce

with high selling price.

KEYWORDS Yield attributes, yield, grain amaranth

(Amaranthus hypocondriacus), organic manures, economics

Shukla DK1 Pratap Tej

1 Prasad Birendra

2

1Department of Agronomy,

2Department of Crop

Improvement, G B Pant University of Agriculture and

Technology, Hill Campus, Ranichauri, Tehri Garhwal,

Uttarakahnd - 249 199, India

DK Shukla ( )


INTRODUCTION

Grain amaranth (Amaranthus hypocondriacus) an

important ancient multifarious-utility cash crop particularly

in hills can be used as a high protein grain or as a leafy

vegetable, and has potential to use as forage crop. In India, it

is cultivated in Hilly regions as well as in the plains covering

the entire Himalayan region, southern India and in some part

of a Gujarat, Maharashtra, Orissa and Eastern UP (Bhag

1994). Amaranth grain is said to be highly nutritious having

high amount of protein. Protein content varies from 12-14%

and quality is equivalent to fish protein. Its grain flour has 10

times higher calcium, 3 times higher fat and 2 times higher

iron than wheat flour. The critical amino acid ranging from

0.73 to 0.84% of the total protein content (Bressani et al.

1987) and could be a potential supplement with traditional

cereals. High in fibre content and low in saturated fats make

enable its use by the health food market in a big way.

In rainfed Himalayan region the crop is cultivated

widely by resource poor farmers with very little locally

available inputs. High cost and unavailability of fertilizers,

farmers are force to apply organic manures for growing of

this crop. Lack of awareness about proper dose of organic

manures causes under nourishment of crop. Due to this

region the productivity of grain amaranth in this area is verylow. Judicious application of organic and inorganic fertilizers

is essential for obtaining higher productivity in grain

amaranth by resource poor farmers (Pratap and Dutta, 2010).

Considering the importance of the crops and their proper

nutrition present study was undertaken to find out optimum

dose of organic manures of grain amaranth under rainfed

condition of Himalayan regions.


A field experiment was conducted during Kharif

2007 and 2008 at College of Forestry and Hill Agriculture,

RESEARCH PAPER


9/23


Per seperformance of bacterial wilt resistant F6 progenies of tomato

(Solanum lycopersicum L.) in mid hills of Himachal Pradesh

SANJAY CHADHA AMIT BHUSHAN

Received: April 15, 2012; Revised: June 29, 2012; Accepted: July 10, 2012

ABSTRACTTwelve bacterial wilt resistant F6progenies of

tomato along with three standard checks were studied for the

extent of genetic variability with respect to fruit yield and

contributing traits. Analysis of variance indicated sufficient

amount of variability among the genotypes for all the traits.

High PCV and GCV estimates were observed for total and

marketable fruits per plant. High heritability along with high

genetic advance was observed for total and marketable fruits

per plant and locules per fruit.

KEYWORDS Tomato, variability, heritability, genetic

advance

INTRODUCTION

Tomato crop is highly susceptible to diseases,

insect-pests, nematodes and abiotic stresses. Among diseases,

bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum (syn.

Pseudomonas solanacearum) is one of the most important

diseases in humid tropical and sub-tropical areas causing

huge losses. In some specific pockets of Zone I and Zone II

(Kangra Valley and surrounding areas of Mandi and Chamba

districts) of Himachal Pradesh, bacterial wilt has become a

limiting factor in the cultivation of tomato. This disease has

also been reported from traditional tomato growing areas of

Solan and Kullu Valley. Gupta et al. (1998) confirmed thepathogenicity of Ralstonia solanacearum in tomato growing

areas of Solan district.

Chadha Sanjay Bhushan Amit

Department of Vegetable Science and Floriculture, CSK

Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur,

Himachal Pradesh -176 062, India.

Sanjay Chadha ( )


Gradually, the disease is further spreading to otherdistricts like Kullu, Bilaspur and Hamirpur (Sood et al.

2002). Besides Himachal Pradesh, the disease is also

prevalent in other states like Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra,

Orissa, Bihar, Sikkim, West Bengal and Andaman and

Nicobar islands. Kanjilal et al. (2000) reported high incidence

of bacterial wilt in North-West Bengal districts having acidic

sandy soils than in nearly neutral loam soils of other districts

of the state. The chemical control measures and manipulation

of agronomic practices are not effective to control the

disease. Hence, identification and development of new

improved disease resistant cultivars is very important to

further boost up the production and productivity of the cropin wilt prone areas of Himachal Pradesh. Hence, the present

study was undertaken to evaluate 12 bacterial wilt resistant

F6 progenies developed in the Department of Vegetable

Science and Floriculture, CSK HPKV, Palampur along with

three resistant checks.


Twelve bacterial wilt resistant F6 progenies of

tomato developed at CSK HPKV, Palampur viz., (BRH-2

SUN 7611)-1-1-2-1, (BRH-2 SUN 7611)-1-1-2-2, (BRH-2

SUN 7611)-1-3-2-1, (BRH-2 SUN 7611)-1-3-B-1, (SUN

7721 Hawaii 7998)-3-2-1-2, (SUN 7721 Hawaii 7998)-3-

B-1-3, (Hawaii 7998 SUN 7611)-2-2-1-2, (Hawaii 7998

SUN 7611)-5-2-1-1, (BT 18 SUN 7611)-5-1-B-1, (BT 18

SUN 7611)-6-2-1-2, (BT 18 SUN 7611)-6-3-1-B and (BT

18 SUN 7611)-7-1-2-2 along with three bacterial wilt

resistant standard checks [Palam Pink (Determinate), Palam

Pride (Indeterminate) and SUN 7711 (Hybrid)] and two

susceptible checks (Roma and Solan Gola). These were

grown in randomized block design with three replications at

Vegetable Research Farm of CSK HPKV, Palampur

(Himachal Pradesh) during 2008 following recommended

package of practices. Susceptible checks were planted as

RESEARCH PAPER


10/23


Evaluation of different potato based cropping sequences under rainfed

mid-hill conditions of Uttarakhand

MEENU KUMARI SP UNIYAL MEENAKSHI UNIYAL

Received: August 25, 2012, Revised: November 11, 2012, Accepted: November 20, 2012

ABSTRACTIn order to assess the yield performance and

profitability of eight potato based crop sequences viz., potato-

vegetable pea, potato-french bean, potato-palak, potato-

vegetable rai, potato-radish, potato-cauliflower, potato-

cabbage and potato-amaranthus, an investigation was under

taken during spring-summer (potato), rainy (french bean,

palak, radish, cauliflower, cabbage) and rainy-autumn

(vegetable pea, vegetable rai and amaranthus) seasons of

2010-11. Crop sequence potato-cabbage, proved the best with

respect to Potato Equivalent Yield (PEY) (473.91 q ha-1) and

net profit (Rs. 68,441.66 qha-1). This sequence had recorded

an additional net income of Rs. 62,587.50 ha-1 over

conventional sequence, potato-amaranthus. In terms ofproduction efficiency (PE), potato-french had given the

highest yield per hectare per day(2.51 q).

KEYWORDSPotato, rainfed, crop sequencing, Uttarakhand

yield, economics

INTRODUCTION

Potato, the most efficient tuber crop belongs to

family Solanaceae. Being a wholesome food, it is one of the

worlds major non-cereal crops that changed history and is

now grown in about 148 countries, i.e. why, it has been

recognized by the Food and Agriculture Organization of theUnited Nations as the food for future.

Kumari Meenu Uniyal SP Uniyal Meenakshi

Department of Vegetable Science, GB Pant University of

Agriculture and Technology, Hill Campus Ranichauri, tehri

Garhwal, Uttarakhand 249 199, India

Kumari Meenu ( )


Potato is a unique crop which can supplement thefood need of our country in a substantial proportion. Being a

short duration vegetable crop, it has capability of fit well in

any crop sequence. As there is limited scope for availability

of addition good land under cultivation, hence total

production per unit area can be increased by increasing

cropping intensities following different cropping sequences.

Potato is also an important vegetable crop of Uttarakhand in

north-west Himalayan region. The mid and high hills of

Uttarakhand which cover maximum area under potato

cultivation, due to its limited growing period, off-season

nature of crop and higher economic return per unit area, it

finds a suitable place in the crop sequences. Depending onavailability of capital and resources, traditions, expected

profits and farmers perception, the cropping systems vary

from region to region. Further, we should have specific

policies for the development of agriculture in the hills (Pratap

2011). Intercropping and rotation is not only important in

vegetable cultivation but is also of significance in forage

crops (Singh 2011). Potato being important short duration

off-season crop in hilly area can also fit well in most of the

crop sequences. Moreover, unlike most of the cereal crops, it

can be harvested at pre-mature stage too, which

accommodates easily the next crop. Thus an attempt has been

made to assess various potato based cropping sequences

under the agro-climatic conditions of mid-hills of

Uttarakhand.


The experiment was carried out during spring-

summer, rainy and rainy-autumn seasons of 2010 at the

Vegetable Research Block of College of Forestry and Hill

Agriculture, Hill Campus, Ranichauri, of the G B Pant

University of Agriculture and Technology, located at an

elevation of 2000 m amsl with 30o15N latitude and 78o50E

longitude. The soil of experimental field was largely clay

RESEARCH PAPER


11/23


Gender issues for drudgery reduction and sustainable small holder farming

in rice production system

SUCHETA SINGH AK SHARMA

Received: September 20, 2012, Revised: November 5, 2012, Accepted: November 10, 2012

ABSTRACTGender is one of the most important factors

often ignored in agriculture sector. Women have been

involved in agriculture related activities from time

immemorial. However, little significance is given about their

contribution in agriculture and other ancillary industries.

Agriculture has been the joint venture of male and female

members of the family. The role played by female members

including girl children has, however been enormous but

underscored. The women share goes as high as 40 % to

overall crop production besides the absolute responsibility of

her home and animals. They participate in almost all

activities of crop production and animal rearing. The

objective of the study was to conduct the survey forquantitative assessment of the components of transplanting

which revealed that on an average a woman planted 1350

hills per hour and bent 10.50 times per hour for about 6

minutes each time while performing transplanting operation.

The side movement toward left and right side each was

estimated to be 76.25 cm distance at each step. The total area

covered per women per hour was estimated to be 42.5 m2.

Therefore, the issues mainly involved were the duration of

the operation, unnatural body actions and unfavorable

environment. Thus, the need was felt for intervention of

improved implements like drum seeder, transplanter, etc. for

different body postures according to ergonomic parameters of

women.

Singh Sucheta1 Sharma AK

2

1Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Dhanauri, Haridwar, Uttarakhand -

247 667, India2Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Jakhdhar, Rudraprayag, Uttarakhand-

246 171, India

Sucheta Singh ( )


KEYWORDS Gender issues,

sustainable farming, rice

production system

INTRODUCTION

Developing countries account for 95 % of the total

production, with China and India alone responsible for nearly

half of the world output (Crawford et al. 1998, Xiao et al.

2006). Indeed, paddy availability and food security have long

been synonymous in Asia. The India who had to beg with

food bowl in the 1950-60s to feed her teeming millions, has

become the worlds second largest producer of paddy

preceded only by China (Mohanty et al. 2008, Anon 2011).

For about 65% of the people living in India, paddy is a staplefood for them; therefore, paddy is essential to life in India. It

is a part of nearly every meal, and it is grown on a majority of

the rural farms. In India, paddy occupies about 41.85 million

hectares, which is nearly 40 % of the total cereals

(FAOSTATS 2010). Paddy fields are a common sight

throughout India, be they be northern gangetic plains or

southern peninsular plateaus. Paddy is cultivated at least

twice a year in most parts of India, the two seasons being

known as Rabi and Kharif respectively. The former

cultivation is dependent on irrigation, while the latter depends

on Monsoon. Uttarakhand is one of the states exporting

Basmati paddy in the country. The success story is a vivid

example of the contribution of science and technology

advances in cropping systems, fertilizer responsive high

yielding crops, expanding irrigation, land reclamation and

selective mechanization (Vajpayee 2004).

In agriculture sector women play an important role

by contributing as active labour workforce. According to

FAOSTATS (2010) gender in the agricultural labour force

suggests that women constitute over 32 % of the total

agricultural labour force in the world. The world wide food

production contributed by women is 43.88 %. In India

women carry out as much as 80 % of the work in paddy

RESEARCH PAPER


12/23


Processing potential of dropped mango fruits


Received: April 24, 2012, Revised: November 11, 2012, Accepted: November 20, 2012

ABSTRACT This investigation was conceived and executed

to adjudge the processing potential of dropped mangoes of

Langra varieties on the basis of physico-chemical

characterIics of fruits dropped at three different stages of

their physiological maturity. Results revealed that fruits

dropped at the III stage of development (Average fruit weight

65.275.86g) may be preferred for making value added

products mainly because of their highest content of edible

portion (67.553.49 %), TSS (9.130.16 %) and acidity

(3.330.10 %, as anhydrous citric acid). Moreover, at this

stage fruits are sufficiently large (65.275.86g) and can be

peeled easily as peeling of smallest size (11.82-0.84g) mango

fruits dropped at I stage of development was troublesome.

KEYWORDSMango, unripe mango, mango fruit dropping,

physico-chemical composition, mango processing

INTRODUCTION

Mango (Mangifera indicaL.) also called as King

of tropical fruits, is one of the most delicious fruits of

commercial importance. India, a leading mango growing

country in the world with a production of 15.18 million ton

fruits grown over an area of 2.29 million ha, is the largest

producer of mango. Thus our country has huge potential to

emphasize a strong presence in the global mango market

(NHB 2011).

Bhatt Aparna1 Chopra CS

2

1Department of Home and Food Science, Surajmal Agarwal

Kanya Mahavidyalaya, Kichha, US Nagar, Uttarakhand

263 153, India2Department of Food Science and Technology, GB Pant

University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, US

Nagar, Uttarakhand -263 145, India

CS Chopra ( )


Raw mango is a valuable source of vitamin C. It is

also a good source of vitamin B1 and B2 and contains

sufficient quantity of niacin. The fruit is well-known for its

medicinal properties both in unripe and ripe states. The

unripe fruit is acidic, astringent and antiscorbutic. The skin of

unripe fruit is astringent and stimulant tonic. Unripe mango is

an excellent fruit remedy for bilious disorders. It tones up

liver, increases elasticity of the blood vessels and helps in the

formation of new blood cells. Unripe mango is also valuable

in the treatment of scurvy.

Jawanda and Singh (1961) reported that among all

the commercially grown varieties of mango, Langra is more

susceptible to drop. Sharif (1962) found that Langra fruit

drop was more abundant than those of Samar BahIa andDushehari. Fruit drops results in considerable losses to the

grower which increases further due to erratic weather

conditions. Such huge losses may be minimized if dropped

fruits are utilized appropriately in the processing industry in

production of value added products (Sharma 2010). Fruits

dropped at different physiological stages have varying

physico-chemical characters. Hence, mango fruits dropped at

different stages require screening for their suitability to

produce different products. The present investigation was

therefore undertaken with these facts.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

Unripe mango fruit drops of Langra variety used

for the present investigation were procured at the three

different stages of fruit development at an interval of 10 days

from the Horticultural Research Centre, Pattharchatta,

Pantnagar. The procured mango fruit drops following

washing under the gentle stream of tap were blotted gently

using a sheet of an ordinary filter paper. Five fruits taken

randomly from a lot in triplicate were used to assess the

physical characters. Color of external skin and flesh was

determined by visual observations. Fruit length and diameter

were measured by a Vernier caliper. Specific gravity was

RESEARCH PAPER


13/23


Phenotypic divergence for agromorphological traits among land races of

traditional rice genotypes of West Bengal

ASHIM CHAKRAVORTY PD GHOSH

Received: April 24, 2012, Revised: July 11, 2012, Accepted: August 5, 2012

ABSTRACT A collection of 51 traditional rice cultivars

from germplasm source of Zonal Adaptive Research Station

(Z.A.R.S), Krishnagar, Nadia, West Bengal offered a

valuable gene pool for the utilization in the breeding

programme to improve yield, its components, grain size and

shape. Characterization had been done on 28

agromorphological traits. Qualitative traits were studied using

DUS Test in rice. Among the qualitative traits, considerable

variability has been found for the traits like distribution of

pubescence in leaf, panicle exsertion, colour of ligule and

auricle, awning, leaf senescence, flag leaf attitude, basal leaf

sheath colour etc. Statistical analysis was done and Mean,S.E. of Mean, GCV, PCV, CV%, Heritability, Genetic

Advance were calculated for each quantitative trait to

estimate the promise of desirable land races that are ideal for

rice improvement programme. Regarding quantitative traits,

leaf length, leaf breadth, plant height (seedling), culm length,

culm number, ligule length, grain length, grain weight

(1000), no. of grains per panicle showed considerable

variability.

KEYWORDS Diversity, variability, DUS test, traditional

rice, agromorphological traits

Chakravorty Ashim Ghosh PD

Cytogenetics and Plant Breeding Section, Department of

Botany, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal 741

235, India

PD Ghosh ( )

E mail: [email protected], [email protected]

INTRODUCTION

The role of wide genetic base and systematically

characterized germplasm in the crop improvement of

cultivated plants has been well recognized. To meet the

continuously expanding needs of varietal improvements, the

evaluation and characterization of entire existing germplasm

are very much essential. Until a collection has been properly

evaluated, it has little impact for breeding purposes. Most of

the donors bear genetic features with respect to major

diseases, pests, environmental stress and even aromatic

features. India has a rich and diverse genetic wealth of rice

estimated nearly 50,000 germplasms in the country. For theimprovement, selection of traits is a prerequisite for further

progarmme. In this respects, it is a prerequisite to

characterize the germplasm for further exploitation. Keeping

in view of these facts, the present investigation was planned

to characterize a set of aman rice genotypes of West Bengal

to understand in situ variability for different morphological

and agronomical traits.


Twenty one day old seedlings were transplanted

(single seedling /hill-1) in 3m long rows; keeping row to row

and plant to plant distance 20cm and 15 cm respectively.

There were three rows for each test entry. Gap between test

entries was 60cm. Fertilizers (N:P2O5:K2O) @ 50:25:25

Kg ha-1 were applied. Random sample of five competitive

plants was used for observations on different traits.

Field experiment was conducted during October

2006 at the Zonal Adaptive Research Station (Z.A.R.S),

Krishnagar, Nadia. Various morphological and agronomical

characters were studied for 51 cultivars. Observations on

various 16 qualitative and 12 quantitative characters were

recorded at the different stages of growth. Qualitative traits

were studied following the DUS Test formulated by

RESEARCH PAPER


14/23


Standardization of cutting parameters for adventitious rooting in Tectona

grandis under protected conditions in new locality of subtropical

Himalayan region

VIPAN GULERIA AMOL VASHISHT

Received: July 30, 2012, Revised: September 18, 2012, Accepted: October 5, 2012

ABSTRACT The experiment was conducted to promote the

rooting in different sized shoot cuttings under protected

conditions. Plant characters such as callus formation, rooting

%, No. of leaves and shoot length were studied. The cuttings

of all diameters under study recorded the callus formation of

70 to 93.25 %. The diameter classes 40mm recorded the maximum number of leaves and root

length. Correlation coefficient among all the characters was

positive. Overall, the cuttings having initial diameter of 30-40

mm were found to be the best of raising clonal planting stock.

KEYWORDS Tectona grandis L., Teak, rooting, cutting,

propagation

Guleria Vipan1 Vashisht Amol

2

1Regional Horticultural Research Station, Jachh Distt Kangra,

Himachal Pradesh -176 201, India2College of Horticulture and Forestry, Jhalabar, Rajasthan -

326 001, India

Vipan Guleria ( )


Tectona grandis L. is the most important timber

tree species of Indian tropical part. Its cultivation has been

extended to the sub-tropical parts of Himachal Pradesh and

Gangatic plains of northern India. It has some peculiar

qualities such as strength, durability and resistance to

termites. Propagation by stem cutting is promising techniques

of vegetative propagation for establishment of clonal teak

plantation on commercial scale. This technique can provide

the adequate supply of superior clones in this sub-tropical

region and has the potential to provide the clonal material for

mass scale propagation for future plantation of the species

with assured wood characters.

Quality teak stumps can be produced from seeds,

however, the seed yield per tree is low, and only few

seedlings are produced per 100 seeds. Therefore, propagation

through cuttings has been widely used to multiply the elite

teak trees obtained from the natural population to exploit the

genetic variability .Attempts have been made to understand

and improve the adventitious rooting efficiency of cuttings in

selected plant species including teak because various intrinsic

as well as extrinsic factors are responsible for root formation(Leaky 2003, Husen 2003).

Cutting thickness has significant effect on the

rooting per cent of Populus deltoides cuttings (Kachlenz

1958). Cuttings of NE-388 clone of hybrid diameter (Bower

sox 1970). The branch cuttings of 18-22 mm diameter of

Morus alba have shown improved survival, rooting and

growth performance as studied by Dhiman et. al. (1988).

Husen and Pal (2001) and Nautiyal et al. (1991) found the

maximum rooting % and shoot growth in Tectona grandis

Linn. When treated with 2000 ppm IBA before planting. In

SHORT COMMUNICATION


15/23

i

GUIDELINES FOR AUTHORS

Journal of Hill Agriculture (JHA) is an international journal and an official publication of Indian Society of Hill

Agriculture (ISHA). It publishes the original research in all branches of agriculture and allied science (as mentioned below) that is ofprimary interest to the agricultural development, especially in hill and mountain regions of the world. The publication is open to themembers of Indian Society of Hill Agriculture but it also accepts papers from non-members if all authors become the annual/lifemember when a paper is submitted / accepted for publication. The journal publishes four types of articles, i.e. (i) Strategy / Policy

paper (exclusively by invitation from the personalities of eminence), (ii) Review papers (full and short), (iii) Research papers and (iv)Short communications. The manuscripts should be submitted to the Editor-in-Chief (JHA) by e-mail as attached file saved in MSWord to [email protected] or by online submission on our website www.ishaindia.in or through indianjournals.com. Thestatus of manuscripts can also be checked online. Each manuscript must be typed doubled spaced on one side of an A4 size page.Clearness, brevity and conciseness are essential in form, style, punctuation, spelling and use of English language. Manuscripts shouldconform to the SI system for numerical data and data should be subjected to appropriate statistical analysis. On receipt of an article atthe Editorial Office, an acknowledgement giving the manuscript number is sent to the corresponding author. This number should bequoted while making any future enquiry about its status.

MAJOR FIELDS/SUBJECTS COVERED UNDER JHAa) Plant Improvementwith reference to genetics, plant breeding, production, cytogenetics, physiology, biotechnology and

biochemistry of various crops including fruits, vegetables, flowers, medicinal plants and forest plants.b) Plant Protection including entomology, plant pathology, nematology, microbiology and agro-chemicalsc) Soil, Water and Environmental Sciencesincluding Natural Resource Management, Soil Sciences, Water Management,

Environmental Sciences, Agronomy, Seed Science, Meteorology and Agroforestry.d) Animal Sciencesincluding Veterinary Science and Fisherye) Agricultural Engineering including Farm machinery, Soil & Water Conservation Engineering, Energy Management,

Postharvest Technology, Food Technology and Dairy Processingf) Social Sciences including Statistics, Economics, Extension, Home Sciences, Nutrition, Research Management

TYPES OF ARTICLES PUBLISHED IN JHA

a. Strategy paper. These papers are invited exclusively by invitation from the personalities of eminence to give their opinion on thetrends of agricultural development and future of various sectors of agriculture and allied disciplines and related development issuesall over the world especially in hill and mountain regions.b. Review paper It should be comprehensive, critical and updated on a recent topic of importance. The maximum page limit is of 14

double spaced typed pages including Tables and Figures. It should cite latest references and identify some gaps for future. It shouldhave a specific Title followed by the Name(s) of the author(s), Affiliation, Abstract, Key words, main text with subheadings,Acknowledgements (wherever applicable) and References.c. Research paper.The paper should describe a new and confirmed findings. Should not generally exceed 12 typed pages includingTables/Figures etc. A paper has the following features. Please consult previous issues of JHA for your reference and help.

Title followed by author (s) and affiliation: address of the institution (s) where the research was undertaken and e mailaddress of corresponding author.

Abstract: Entire work along with the highlights of the findings must be given concisely in 200 to 300 words.

Key words: About 5- 6 keywords to be indicated.

Introduction: This must highlight importance of the problem and its relevance to hill agriculture including pervious work

done and gaps thereof.

Materials and Methods: Describe the materials used in the experiments, year of experimentation, site etc. Describe themethods employed for collection and analysis of data in short.

Results and Discussion: This segment should focus on the fulfillment of stated objectives as given in the introduction andcontain findings presented in Tables, Figures and photographs. Data should be statistically analyzed following suitableexperimental design. Same data should not be presented in the table and figure form. Avoid use of numerical values infindings, rather mention the trends and discuss with the available literatures. At the end give short conclusion.

Acknowledgements: (wherever applicable).

References: Reference to literature should be arranged alphabetically as per author's names, should be placed at the end ofthe article. Each reference should contain the names of the author with initials, the year of the publication, title of thearticle, the abbreviated title of the publication according to the World List of Scientific Periodicals, volume and page(s). Inthe text, the reference should be indicated by authors name and year of publication in brackets. eg. (Smith 1979, Sharmaand Nautiyal 2009, Raghav et al. 2010). If there are more than two or more references mentioned together in one bracketthey should be written in chronological order.

d. Short communication: The text including Table(s) and Figure(s) should not exceed 5 pages. It should have a short t itle, followedby name of author(s) and affiliation and References. There should be no subheadings, i.e. Introduction, Materials and Methods etc.The manuscript should be in paragraphs mentioning the brief introduction of the of the topic and relevance of the work, followed by


16/23

ii

a short description of the materials and the methods employed, results and discussion based on the data presented in 1 or 2table(s)/figure(s) and a short conclusion at the end. References should be maximum seven at the end.

STANDARD REFERENCE WRITING PATTERN FOR JHAResearch and Review PapersSharma KD, Kumar R, Kaushal BBL 2004. Mass transfer characteristics, yield and quality of five varieties of osmotically dehydrated

apricot. J Food Sci Tech 41(3): 264-274.Ponnuswami V, Kumar AR 2009. Crop improvement and management strategies in paprika a review. J Hill Agr 5(1): 460-466.

Books and Book ChaptersSharma SK 2010. Postharvest Management and Processing of Fruits and Vegetables Instant Notes. New India Pub Agency, New

Delhi, 395p.Babu A, Gupta HS 2006. Approaches to improvement in maize. In: Sustainable Production from Agricultural Watersheds in North

West Himalaya. Gupta HS, Srivastava AK, Bhatt JC (eds). Vivekanand Parvatiya Krishi Anusandhan Sansthan, Almora,Uttaranchal, pp 124-138.

Symposium / Seminar/ Conference PublicationsDhillon BS, Rana JC 2004. Temperate fruits genetic resources management in India issues and strategies. In: Proceedings of the

Seventh International Symposium on Temperate Zone Fruits in the Tropics and Subtropics. Jindal KK, Sharma RC,Rehalia AS (eds), International Society of Horticultural Sciences, Belgium, pp 139-146.

Mohsin F, Singh O 2010. Studies in intercropping of cash crops in Populus deltoides plantation. National Symposium onConservation Horticulture (21-23 March, 2010, Dehradun, India), Book of Abstracts, pp 131.

Arora VPS 2010. Indian horticulture marketing and export issues. National Symposium on Conservation Horticulture (21-23March, 2010, Dehradun, India), Souvenir, Singh SS, Singhal V, Pant K, Dwivedi SK, Kamal S, Singh P (eds), pp 80-87.

PatentSchmidt GR, Means WJ 1986. Process of preparing algin/calcium gel-structured meat products. US Patent 4 603 054.

ThesisBisht R 2007. Studies on the multiplication and utilization of Seabuckthorn (Hippophae salicifoliaD.Don), M Sc Thesis, GB Pant

University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, US Nagar, Uttarakhand, India.

WebsiteKumar S 2009. Rearing rabbits in the mid hills of Himalaya. http://www.rabbitrearing.com/. Accessed March 10, 2009.

General instructions to the authors

All the manuscript should be typed double spaced on one side of A4 size paper with proper margin of 1 inch on all 4 sides.

Generic & specific names should be italicized throughout manuscript. Similarly, the vernacular/ local names are to be italicized.Tables should be typed on separate sheets, each with a heading. Tables should be typed with the first letter (T) only capital. AllTables and Figures should be properly numbered. All measurements should be in metric units.

Each illustration must be referred to in the text.

On the first page address of the corresponding author and E-mail Id. etc. may be specified.

Revised manuscript is acceptable only as soft copy (attached file in MS Word) of the corrected version through e mal sent toEditor-in-Chief.

The paper after publication shall be sent as pdf file version of the whole issue of the journal to the authors.

Article forwarded to the Editor-in-Chief for publication is understood to be offered to JOURNAL OF HILL AGRICULTUREexclusively and not for any other journal.

It is also understood that the authors have obtained a prior approval of their Department, Faculty or Institute in case where suchapproval is a necessary.

Acceptance of a manuscript for publication in Journal of Hill Agriculture shall automatically mean transfer of copyright to theIndian Society of Hill Agriculture. The authors shall also have to provide a copy of the Copyright Transfer Statement dulysigned by all or the corresponding author on behalf of all the authors.

The Editorial Board takes no responsibility for the fact or the opinion expressed in the Journal, which rests entirely with theauthor(s) thereof.

All the authors of a paper have to become annual/life member of the ISHA for publication of paper.

All papers should be sent to Editor-in-Chief, Journal of Hill Agriculture, through e mail as attached file [email protected]

Check List1.

Complete manuscript in MS Word format2.

Names and details (including complete postal address alongwith Phone No. and e mail) of at least three potential refereeswho might be interested to review your paper. The format for the same may be downloaded from ISHA website Visithttp://www.ishaindia.in/JHA%20Format%20for%20suggesting%20Potential%20Referees%20names.doc

3.

Copyright transfer statement on separate page4.

Membership Number (if fee is paid already)/ Membership fee


17/23

iii

COMMON ABBREVIATIONS USED IN JHA

above mean sea level amsl Limited Ltd

at the rate @ litre or liter lcentimeter,centimeter cm Messrs M/Sdegree centigrade C meter, metre met caetera, et coeteraor et ctera etc milligram mgexampli gratia e.g. parts per million, parts per

billionppm, ppb

Figure Fig per cent %Gram g per ha or per litre or per kg ha-1or l-1 or kg-1Hectare ha second(s) sechour(s) hr square meter, cubic meter etc m2, m3etcinternational unit IU such as i.e.it is or that is i.e. volume by volume v/vKilogram kg weight by volume w/v

kilometer, kilimetre km weight by weight w/wlesser than, greater than tonne(s), ton t

Abbreviations for citing references

Abstract Abstr Congress CongrAcademy Acad Contribution(s) ContribActa Acta Conservation ConservAdvances Adv Cooperative CoopAgriculture Agr Culture CultAgricultural Agrl Current CurrAgronomy Agron Cytology, -ical CytolAmerica, -an Amer Department Dept

Analytical, Analysis Anal Development DevAnnals Ann Digest DigAnimal Animal Disease DisAnnual Annu Dissertation DissApplied Appl Distribution DistribAsian Asian Division DivArchives Arch Ecology, -ical EcolAssociate(s), -ed Assoc Ecosystem(s) EcosystAssociation Assn Economy, -ic, -ics EconAustralian Austral Education EducAustrian Aust Egypt EgyptBeverage Bev Egyptian EgyptnBiochemistry Biochem Electronic Electronic

Biology Biol Encyclopedia EncyclBiotechnology Biotechnol Engineers, -ring EngBotany Bot Enology EnolBreeding Breeding Entomology, -ical EntomolBritish, Britain Brit Environment EnvironBulletin Bul Environmental EnvironlBureau Bur Enzyme (s) EnzymCanada, -ian Can Enzymology EnzymolCenter, Centre Ctr Experiment ExptChemical Cheml Experimental Exptl

Chemistry Chem Microscopy Microsc

Circular Circ Molecule, ar Mol


18/23

iv

Citriculture Citricult Monograph Monogr

Climatology, -ical Climatol Mycology, -ical Mycol

College College National Natl

Colloquium Colloq Nature Nat

Commonwealth Cmwlth Natural Natl

Communication Commun National Natnl

Conference Conf Nematology, -ical Nematol

Extension Ext Netherlands Neth

Europe Europ New York NY

European Europn New Zealand NZ

Fertilizer Fert Newsletter Nwsl

Food(s) Food Note(s) Note

Forestry For Nucleic Nucl

Gazette Gaz Nutrition Nutr

General Gen Nutritional NutrlGenetics Genet Official Off

Government Govt Opinion Opinion

Handbook Hdbk Pathology, -ical Pathol

Heredity Hered Photosynthesis Photosyn

Horticulture Hort Physics, -ical Phys

Horticultural Hortl Physiology, -ical, -ia Physiol

Horticulturae Hortic Phytology, -ical Phytol

Human Human Phytochemistry Phytochem

Husbandry Husban Phytopathology, -ical Phytopathol

India India Plant Pl

Indian Indian Planta Planta

Industry Ind Plantae, -arum Plant

Industrial Indl Pomology, -ical Pomol

Information Info Poultry Poult

Institute, -ion Inst Proceedings Proc

Institution Instn Products Prod

International Intl Production Prodn

Irrigation Irr Progress, progressive Progress

Japanese Jpn Propagation Prop

Journal J Protection Protect

Laboratory, -ies Lab Publication(s) PublLeaflet Lflt Quarterly QrtlyLetters Lett Region, al RegMagazine Mag Report(s) RptManagement Mgt Reporter RptrMarket Mkt Research ResMarketing Mktg Resources ResourcesMeeting Mtg Review(s), Revue(s) RevMeteorology, -ical Meteorol Science(s) SciMethods Methd Scientia ScientiaScientific Scientific Thesis ThesisSeries Ser Theory TheorService Serv Theoritical TheorlSociety Soc Transactions TransSoil Soil Tropical Trop


19/23

v

Special Spec United States USStandard Stnd University UnivStation Sta Universe Univer

Statistics Stat Universal UniverlStatistical Statl Variety, -ies VarSupplement(s) Suppl Vegetable(s) VegSymposium Symp Virology VirolTechnical, -que Tech Viticulture ViticultTechnology, -ical Technol Workshop WkshpTemperature Temp Yearbook YrbkTemperate Temperate

REFEREES OF JOURNAL OF HILL AGRICULTURE, 2012 Vol 3(2)

Dr Birendra Prasad. GBPUAT Pantnagar

Dr Deepji Bhat, SKUAST, JammuDr Faizan Ahmed, SKUAST (K) Kargil, Jammu and Kashmir

Dr KC Sharma, CSKHPKVV, Kullu, Himachal Pradesh

Dr Lakshmikant Sharma, KVK, Bajaura, Kullu, HP

Dr Om Chand Sharma, CITH, Srinagar, J&K

Dr Rakesh Sharma, Solan Himachal Pradesh

Dr Rashmi Yadav, NBPGR, New Delhi

Dr Sanjay Srivastava, GBPUAT Pantnagar

Dr Shachi Shah, IGNOU, New Delhi

Dr Vijay Yadav IGFRI, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh

Dr Vinod Sharma, Katrain, Kullu, Himachal PradeshDr VK Rao, GBPUAT, Pantnagar


20/23

vi

COPYRIGHT TRANSFER AGREEMENT

Journal Name: JOURNAL OF HILL AGRICULTURE(Print ISSN 0976-7606, Online ISSN 2230-7338)

Please provide us with the following information, review our policies, and confirm your acceptance of the

terms of the attached article publishing agreement by signing this form, with respect to the following work submitted

to Journal of Hill Agriculture.

Manuscript Title :

.

.

Author(s):.

..

ASSIGNMENT OF PUBLISHING RIGHTS

I/ we hereby assign to Indian Society of Hill Agriculture, the copyright in the above specified manuscript in all

forms and all media (whether known at this time or developed at any time in the future) throughout the world, in all

languages, for the full term of copyright, to take effect if and when the article is accepted for publication. If I am one

of the several co-authors, I hereby confirm that I am authorized by all of my co-authors to grant this licence as their

agent, on their behalf. This assignment also includes the rights to supply the article in electronic and online forms and

systems. I/we confirm that I/we have read and accept the full terms of the Journal's article publishing agreement

attached to this form including my author warranties, and have reviewed the Journal's policies on Author Rights.

I/We hereby confirm the assignment of all copyrights in and to the manuscript named above in all forms and media tothe publishers of the journal namely, Indian Society of Hill Agriculture, effective if and when it is accepted for

publication by the Editor-in-Chief of the journal.

Date:

Author(s) / Corresponding author

Name and signature

Please return only this page, completed and signed by postal mail or a scanned copy by e mail to

[email protected]. This form will be retained by ISHA (JHA) for administrative purposes.


21/23

vii

MEMBERSHIP OF INDIAN SOCIETY OF HILL AGRICULTURE

Membership of the society shall be open to individuals from all nations and shall consists of the following categories ofmembers with qualifying criteria as indicated against each. Membership can be obtained by filling a membership formand sending it to [email protected] alongwith membership fee (effective from 1st Jan, 2011) as detailedahead

(i) Ordinary Members (annual Membership)This membership shall be offered to the individuals interested in promotion of Hill Agriculture and its allied branches.This shall also be the minimum fee to be deposited per author for getting a paper published, in case it is accepted for

publication. There shall be an annual fee of . 500/- for individuals from all SAARC countries including India and US $30 for individuals from rest of the nations. Year shall be counted w.e.f. January 1 to December 31 of each year. Ifsomebody deposits fee in October 2010 it shall be counted only for that year i.e. 2010.

(ii) Life Members (continuing Membership)There shall be a one time life membership fee . 3000/- for individuals from all SAARC countries including India and

US $ 200 for individuals from rest of the nations.

(iii) Patrons (continuing Membership)Any individual or institution making a payment of a substantial sum (as may be prescribed by the Executive Councilfrom time to time).

(iv) SubscribersAny corporate body / institution / library / association of persons can subscribe Journal of Hill Agriculture by making anannual payment of . 1500/- for all SAARC countries including India and US $ 100 for rest of the nations.

Summary

Type of membership Fee for SAARC countries Fee for rest of the nations

Annual member 500/- per year US $ 30 per year

Life member 3,000/- (one time) US $ 200 (one time)

Subscriber (organization) member 1,500/- / per year US $ 100 per year

The membership fee can be deposited by any of the two methods as detailed below:

1. Through Bank Draft : May remitted through demand draft drawn in favour of INDIAN SOCIETY OF HILLAGRICULTURE payable at SBI Branch CHAMBA (Uttarakhand), Branch Code : 6534. The draft may be sent to theEditor-in-Chief Journal of Hill Agriculture through registered post only alongwith duly filled membership form whichcan be downloaded from our website.

2. By Direct Deposit into ISHA's Bank Account: Membership fee i.e. 3000/- or 500/- or 1500/- as the case maybe, plus 50/- (as bank charges) amounting to 3050/- or 0/- or 1550/- respectively, may also be directlydeposited into the Bank Account of Indian Society of Hill Agriculture. The details are given as follows

Name of Bank : State Bank of IndiaName of Branch: Chamba (Uttarakhand)Branch Code: 6534For NEFT/ RTGS Transfer IFSC Code SBIN 000 6534

Name of Account Holder : Indian Society of Hill AgricultureAccount No. : 3119 0343 798

Important Note: If you directly deposit the fee into ISHA's account please do not forget to send your duly filled (i) dulysigned membership form, (ii) bank transaction Id (iii) scanned copy of stamped deposit slip (counter foil). Theinformation may be sent by e mail to [email protected]


22/23

viii

INDIAN SOCIETY OF HILL AGRICULTUREG. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar,

Uttarakhand 263 145Phone: +91 94124 63923, 94129 62535

Website: www.ishaindia.in

MEMBERSHIP FORM

1. Name (in CAPITAL letters) : Dr/ Mr/ Ms 2. Date of Birth.......................................................................................................3. Designation / Job Title: .4. Specialization: 5. Institute / Organization where employed: .6. Address for Correspondence: .Pin ..Phone: Fax:. E mail: .7. Permanent Home Address: ...............................Pin..Phone: Fax:. E mail: ..8. Academic and Professional Qualifications:

Degree Name of University Year Major Field of Study

9. Category of membership (please tick)

(i) Life member (ii) Annual member (iii) Organization/ Subscriber member

10. Payment of membership fee in (Rs) By direct deposit in ISHAaccount / Online transfer to vide transaction No. . ............. dated:

Note: Fee deposited by any other mode will not be accepted.

DECLARATIONI wish to become the life/ annual/ subscriber member of the Indian Society of Hill Agriculture and

if enrolled agree to abide by the rules and regulations of the society.

Date: . Signature:.Place: Name: ()

Passport SizePhotograph ofthe Member

Shar ing Know ledge

for Prosperit y


23/23

Journal of Hill Agriculture 2012, Vol 3(2)

CONTENTS


AK SHARMA

69-76

Standardization of temperature regimes

for better seed germination and seedling

growth of Burdock (Arctium lappa)

SHAILESH TRIPATHI

DEEPAK MEWAR BIRENDRA

PRASAD VIKAS KUMAR JAIN

77-81

Studies on canning of apricot ( Prunus

armeniacaL.) varieties grown in

Himachal Pradesh

REENA KAUSHAL YS

DHALIWAL

82-86

Productivity of grain amaranth

(Amaranthus hypocondriacus) in relation

to organic nutrition under rainfed

conditions of Western Himalayas

DK SHUKLA TEJ PRATAP

BIRENDRA PRASAD

87-90

Per seperformance of bacterial wilt

resistant F6 progenies of tomato (Solanum

lycopersicumL.) in mid hills of Himachal

Pradesh

SANJAY CHADHA

AMIT BHUSHAN

91-94

Evaluation of different potato based

cropping sequences under rainfed mid hill

conditions of Uttarakhand

MEENU KUMARI SP UNIYAL

MEENAKSHI UNIYAL

95-98

Gender issues for drudgery reduction andsustainable small holder farming in rice

production system

SUCHETA SINGH AKSHARMA

99-102

Processing potential of dropped mango

fruits


103-107

Phenotypic divergence foragromorphological traits among land

races of traditional rice genotypes of West

Bangal

ASHIM CHAKRAVORTY

PD GHOSH

108-111

Standardization of cutting parameters for

adventitious rooting in Tectona grandis

under protected conditions in new locality

of subtropical Himalayan region

VIPAN GULERIA

AMOL VASHISHT

112-115

Guidelines for authors i

Common abbreviations used in JHA iii

Abbreviations used for citing references iii

Referees of JHA 2012 Vol 3(2) v

Copyright Transfer Statement vi

Membership of ISHA vii

journal of hill agriculture 2012 vol 3(2)

Documents