JICT 2009, Published by:

Vol.3, No.1

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JICT

Journal of Information&

Communication Technology

Journal of Information &

Com

munication Technology

ISSN 1816-613X

Efficient Image Enhancement TechniquesMuhammad Shahzad, Shiraz Latif, Quratulain Akhter, Farida Bibi

Terminal Mobility In 3G and Beyond 3G Networks: Mobile Terminal and IPv6Factors

Nazrul Nifkuzyaire Bin Zainudin, Rahmat Budiarto, Khurram Ghaniz

Effectiveness of Score Normalisation in Multimodal Biometric FusionF.Alsaade, Noor Zaman, Mansoor Z. Dawood, Sayed Hyder Abbas Musavi

Sarina Zainab Shirazi

Phonology for Sindhi Letter-to-Sound ConversionJaved Ahmed Mahar, Ghulam Qadir Memon

Mohamed Othman, Mostafa Nikpour Kermanian

Gulshan Campus:Opposite Samdani Hospital Allama Shabbir Ahmed Usmani Road.

Block2, Gulshan-e-Iqbal, Karachi.Phone:(92-21) 34969984-7 FAX: (92-21) 34969988

Nazimabad Campus:Opposite A.O.Clinic, Above JS Bank, Plot No-15Row No-1, Block No-III/B Nazimabad, Karachi.

Phone:(92-21) 36617946-49 FAX: (92-21) 36619242

Executive Development Center (City Campus)1st, 2nd & 3rd Floor, UZMA PLAZA, Plot No. 20-A/1, Block-6,

PECHS, Main Shahra-e-Faisal, Karachi.Phone:(92-21) 34301085-88 Fax: (92-21) 34301089

E-MAIL: edc@biztek.edu.pk URL: www.biztek.edu.pk

Main Ibrahim Hydri Road, Korangi Creek, Karachi-75190 PakistanUAN: (92-21) 111-428-428 FAX: (92-21) 35092384

E-MAIL: info@biztek.edu.pk URL: www.biztek.edu.pk

The Possibility of Industrial Management using Technology Audit Model in thePublic Sector Engineering Units of Pakistan

Reliable and Security-Based Myren Network Traffic Management using OpenSource Tools

Volume 3, Number 1

Spring 2009

Sarina Zainab Shirazi– 21-28The Possibility of Industrial Management using Technology Audit Model in the Public Sector

Engineering Units of Pakistan

Effectiveness of Score Normalisation in Multimodal Biometric FusionF.Alsaade, Noor Zaman, Mansoor Z. Dawood, Sayed Hyder Abbas Musavi– 29-35

Mohamed Othman, Mostafa Nikpour Kermanian– 01-10Reliable and Security-Based Myren Network Traffic Management using Open Source Tools

Javed Ahmed Mahar, Ghulam Qadir Memon– 11-20Phonology for Sindhi Letter-to-Sound Conversion

Nazrul Nifkuzyaire Bin Zainudin, Rahmat Budiarto, Khurram Ghaniz– 36-49Terminal Mobility In 3G and Beyond 3G Networks: Mobile Terminal and IPv6 Factors

Muhammad Shahzad, Shiraz Latif, Quratulain Akhter, Farida Bibi– 50-135Efficient Image Enhancement Techniques

One soft copy of the manuscript should also be received at dr.mansoor@biztek.edu.pk . Manuscriptsshould be prepared in US English using a word processing (preferably in MS Word) program and savedas a .doc or .rtf files. or pdf files.

Author(s) are requested to please carefully read all the instructions before submitting a manuscript to theJournal of Information & Communication Technology (JICT). Manuscripts not prepared as per belowmentioned specifications may be returned to the author(s) and may experience significant delays in reviewand time to publication.

INSTRUCTIONS TO AUTHORS

MANUSCRIPT SUBMISSION

Three hard copies of manuscripts of articles, comments, notes or book-reviews, should be submitted to

Tables and Figures: Figures, tables and boxes should be numbered consecutively in Arabic numeral,(e.g.; Figure 1, Figure 2, and Table 1, Table 2, etc.). Do not draw colorful customized figures and graphs.Please avoid inserting figures and tables in the main text. Instead, in the space immediately after theparagraph in which the figure or table is first referenced, insert a text tag as follows:[Figure 1 here]Soft copy of figures/graphs and tables should be accompanied with the soft copy of the manuscript inMicrosoft Excel or any other compatible format, in files separate from the text file(s).

should also be on this page.

Title Page: This includes the title of the article, complete name(s) of author(s), active email(s) andinstitutional affiliation(s) respectively. Acknowledgements and/or any other special note (if given)

General Format and Style: Manuscripts should be formed in double space, with 1.25-inch margins onall sides on A4 size page. The text as well as footnotes should be written in Times New Roman font ofsize 12 point. Do not use multiple columns. If you are using special characters or symbols, not availablein Microsoft Word, or Adobe Acrobat then please attach the true type font(s) files. The soft copy mustexactly match the hard copy.

paper or report that is neither published nor accepted for publication.abbreviated name of journals and institutions. Clearly mention the web site(s) address(es) for the article,name of all authors for collective work and avoid using et al. in lieu of authors' names. Do not usereferring and citation. List references alphabetically by author's last name and then by year. Please referReference List and Citations: Authors are requested to follow the Chicago Style of Manual for

Footnotes: All footnotes should be numbered in Arabic numeral, corresponding to numbers in the text,and place them at the bottom of the page rather end of the manuscript.

soft copy in any standard spreadsheet format. If the manuscript is supported by any econometriccomputations or mathematical estimation then name the software with version and send the relevantestimation file and/or program routines.

Data and Programming Routines: Data used in the article should be separately provided along with the

The EditorJournal of Information & Communication Technology

Institute of Business and Technology (BIZTEK)Main Ibrahim Hydri Road, Korangi Creek

Karachi-75190 Pakistan

MANUSCRIPT SPECIFICATIONS

Abstract: All manuscripts should contain a well-summarized abstract of 100 to 200 words. This shouldbe a separate file on soft copy and a separate page on hard copy. The abstract should be related to thehypothesis and information being presented, as well as conclusions and results of general interest.

Board of GovernorsInstitute of Business and Technology (BIZTEK)

PatronDr. Ishrat ul Ebad Khan

Governor of Sindh

Chairman

Chancellor, BIZTEK

President

Air Commodore (R) Prof. Dr. Ijaz MalikHead of Engineering Department, NUST, Islamabad

M. Anwar Dawood

Adnan AbidCEO, Noman Abid & Company Limited

Col (R) Tahir HussainVice-chairman & Rector

Dr. Ishrat HussainDirector, IBA Karachi

A. K. M. SaeedAdvisor, NACL (Holdings and Investment)

Noman Abid Lakhani

President, Global Educational Consultants

Rizwan MemonSecretary, Education Department

Government of Sindh

Justice Agha Rafique Ahmed KhanFederal Secretary Law & Justice Division

Shamim Ahmed Shamsi

Karachi Chamber of Commerce and Industry

Tariq Rashid Baig

Managing EditorNoman Abid Lakhani

ChancellorInstitute of Business and Technology (BIZTEK)

Editor-in-ChiefCol (R) Tahir HussainVice Chairman & Rector

Institute of Business and Technology (BIZTEK)

EditorMansoor-uz-Zafar Dawood

BOARD OF EDITORS

Manager CirculationAzim Abbas

JICT is published by the:

Institute of Business and Technology (BIZTEK)Main Ibrahim Hydri Road, Korangi Creek, Karachi-75190 Pakistan

UAN: (92-21) 111-428-428 FAX: (92-21) 35092384, E-MAIL: info@biztek.edu.pk URL: www.biztek.edu.pk

New York, USASelangor D.E., MalaysiaSingaporeRau Indore, IndiaSydney, AustraliaSaudi ArabiaIndore, IndiaSaudi ArabiaIndore, IndiaUnited KingdomPakistanPakistan

Junaid Ahmed ZUBAIRIMohammed OTHMANSiyal Mohammed YAKOOBP. K. CHANDES. KENNEDYBadar Al-JOHARSanjiv TOKEKARSyed MISBAHUDDINAshwani. K. RAMANIBhawani. S. CHOWDHRYValiuddinPervez AKHTER

State University of NewYorkUniversity of PutraNanyan Technological UniversityIndian Institute of Management (IIM)University of SydneyKing Faisal UniverityDevi Ahilya UniversityUniversity of HailDevi Ahilya UniversityUniversity of SouthamptonNational Uni of Sci & TechNational Uni of Sci & Tech

Editorial AssistantsAbdul Hafeez

Associate Editors

Executive Development Center (City Campus)1st, 2nd & 3rd Floor, UZMA PLAZA, Plot No. 20-A/1, Block-6, PECHS, Main Shahra-e-Faisal, Karachi.

Phone:(92-21) 34301085-88 Fax: (92-21) 34301089 E-MAIL: edc@biztek.edu.pk URL: www.biztek.edu.pk

Journal of Information & Communication Technology

Noor ZamanAbdul Aziz

Riaz Sheikh

Design & Layout

Nazimabad Campus:Opposite A.O.Clinic, Above JS Bank, Plot No-15, Row No-1, Block No-III/B Nazimabad, Karachi.

Phone:(92-21) 36617946-49 FAX: (92-21) 36619242

Gulshan Campus:Opposite Samdani Hospital Allama Shabbir Ahmed Usmani Road. Block2, Gulshan-e-Iqbal, Karachi.

Tel: 021- 4969984-7, Fax: 021- 4969988

Journal of Information and Communication Technology

Journal of Information and Communication Technology (JICT) is anemerging name in Pakistan. JICT offers a range of services to non-profitorganizations and research-based institutions to promote their productsfor academic and educational activities. Take advantage ofthe targeted opportunities available to reach your market.

Academic and non profit research-based goods and services include:

Journal of Information and Communication Technology

1000500350250

JICT currently taking orders for:

Main Ibrahim Hydri Road, Korangi Creek, Karachi-75190UAN: 111-428-428, Fax: (92-21) 35092384

e-mail: dr.mzdawood@biztek.edu.pk noor@biztek.edu.pk

Main Campus

Uzma Plaza, 1st, 2nd & 3rd Floor, Plot No. 20-A/1, Block-6, PECHS, Main Shahra-e-Faisal, Karachi.Phone: 021-34301085-88, Fax: 021-34301089, e-mail: edc@biztek.edu.pk URL: www.biztek.edu.pk

Executive Development Center (City Campus)

Gulshan Campus:Opposite Samdani Hospital Allama Shabbir Ahmed Usmani Road.

Block2, Gulshan-e-Iqbal, Karachi.Tel: 021- 34969984-7, Fax: 021- 34969988

Nazimabad Campus:Opposite A.O.Clinic, Above JS Bank, Plot No-15, Row No-1, Block No-III/B Nazimabad, Karachi.

Phone:(92-21) 36617946-49 FAX: (92-21) 36619242

Main Ibrahim Hydri Road, Korangi Creek, Karachi-75190UAN: 111-428-428, Fax: (92-21) 35092384

e-mail: registrar@biztek.edu.pk drmuhammadali@biztekian.com

Main Campus

Uzma Plaza, 1st, 2nd & 3rd Floor, Plot No. 20-A/1, Block-6, PECHS, Main Shahra-e-Faisal, Karachi.Phone: 021-34301085-88, Fax: 021-34301089, e-mail: edc@biztek.edu.pk URL: www.biztek.edu.pk

Executive Development Center (City Campus)

EconomicsManagementMarketing Finance

Human Resource

Information Technology TelecommunicationMISEducation

Media Sciences Social Sciences

Gulshan Campus:Opposite Samdani Hospital Allama Shabbir Ahmed Usmani Road.

Block2, Gulshan-e-Iqbal, Karachi.Tel: 021- 34969984-7, Fax: 021- 34969988

Nazimabad Campus:Opposite A.O.Clinic, Above JS Bank, Plot No-15, Row No-1, Block No-III/B Nazimabad, Karachi.

Phone:(92-21) 36617946-49 FAX: (92-21) 36619242

This vast world has shrunk into a small village. The Global Village! All barriershave been broken down. Worldwide accessibility has become as simple as talkingto your neighbor. Doing business across the world is as simple as logging on yourcomputer. The Internet Technology is not just for games, chatting and occasionalresearch anymore, now it is an essential part of everyday life of every one. A businesscannot flourish without becoming a global enterprise and becoming active part ofthe Global Village. Information and Communication Technology is the vehicleproviding the access to the Global Village.

The technology is changing very rapidly because of the advanced featuresof ICT, Al, Telecommunication, e-commerce, IS, Robotics, Cyber Security, Data Mining,Network Storage Technologies, Software and Hardware Technologies. Now a daysthe technology becomes obsolete in 12 to 18 months, thus it is imperative for us tokeep ourselves updated on the latest developments in ICT or become obsolete andbe left out into oblivion. Today the user and the student of ICT must be willing tolearn constantly to keep abreast with the technology growth.

JICT is an international Journal of Information and Communication Technology,published by BIZTEK on bi-annual basis. We welcome the submission of articlesfrom researchers, academicians and practitioners in the area of ICT. For instructionto submission of manuscripts, please see the title flap. The papers should be ofmoderate length for the sake of greater diversity. Please note that submissionsshould be original contributions and will go through a rigorous evaluation process.

JICT does not charge any fee for submitting, reviewing and/or posting manuscriptsbefore of after acceptance of the article.

Journal of Information and Communication TechnologyInstitute of Business & Technology - BIZTEK

Main Ibrahim Hydri Road, Korangi Creek, Karachi-75190, Pakistane-mail: dr.mzdawood@biztek.edu.pk, noor@biztek.edu.pk

UAN: +(92 21) 111-428-428 Fax: +(92 21) 35092384

Uzma Plaza, 1st, 2nd & 3rd Floor, Plot No. 20-A/1, Block-6, PECHS, Main Shahra-e-Faisal, Karachi.Phone: 021-34301085-88, Fax: 021-34301089, e-mail: edc@biztek.edu.pk URL: www.biztek.edu.pk

Executive Development Center (City Campus)

Gulshan Campus:Opposite Samdani Hospital Allama Shabbir Ahmed Usmani Road. Block2, Gulshan-e-Iqbal, Karachi.

Tel: 021- 34969984-7, Fax: 021- 34969988

Nazimabad Campus:Opposite A.O.Clinic, Above JS Bank, Plot No-15, Row No-1, Block No-III/B Nazimabad, Karachi.

Phone:(92-21) 36617946-49 FAX: (92-21) 36619242

For the sake of said purpose, the (JCIT) is considerably subsidized not only for Pakistanisubscribers but also for the nationals of LDCs (least developed countries). LDCs includeeconomies annually listed by the World Bank in World Development Indicators (WDI).

The Journal of Information & Communication Technology (JCIT) is published semiannualy (Spring and Autumn) under the aiges of Institute of Business and Technology(BIZTEK)_a non-profit academic institute, recognized by Higher EducationCommisions (Govt. of Pakistan) and legislated by Sindh assembly through Act-II of2004. It aims to propagate knowledge and brings forth culture of research.

JICT 2009, Published by:

Vol.3, No.1

BIZ

TE

K C

RE

AT

IVE

DIV

ISIO

N

JICT

Journal of Information&

Communication Technology

Journal of Information &

Com

munication Technology

ISSN 1816-613X

Efficient Image Enhancement TechniquesMuhammad Shahzad, Shiraz Latif, Quratulain Akhter, Farida Bibi

Terminal Mobility In 3G and Beyond 3G Networks: Mobile Terminal and IPv6Factors

Nazrul Nifkuzyaire Bin Zainudin, Rahmat Budiarto, Khurram Ghaniz

Effectiveness of Score Normalisation in Multimodal Biometric FusionF.Alsaade, Noor Zaman, Mansoor Z. Dawood, Sayed Hyder Abbas Musavi

Sarina Zainab Shirazi

Phonology for Sindhi Letter-to-Sound ConversionJaved Ahmed Mahar, Ghulam Qadir Memon

Mohamed Othman, Mostafa Nikpour Kermanian

Gulshan Campus:Opposite Samdani Hospital Allama Shabbir Ahmed Usmani Road.

Block2, Gulshan-e-Iqbal, Karachi.Phone:(92-21) 34969984-7 FAX: (92-21) 34969988

Nazimabad Campus:Opposite A.O.Clinic, Above JS Bank, Plot No-15Row No-1, Block No-III/B Nazimabad, Karachi.

Phone:(92-21) 36617946-49 FAX: (92-21) 36619242

Executive Development Center (City Campus)1st, 2nd & 3rd Floor, UZMA PLAZA, Plot No. 20-A/1, Block-6,

PECHS, Main Shahra-e-Faisal, Karachi.Phone:(92-21) 34301085-88 Fax: (92-21) 34301089

E-MAIL: edc@biztek.edu.pk URL: www.biztek.edu.pk

Main Ibrahim Hydri Road, Korangi Creek, Karachi-75190 PakistanUAN: (92-21) 111-428-428 FAX: (92-21) 35092384

E-MAIL: info@biztek.edu.pk URL: www.biztek.edu.pk

The Possibility of Industrial Management using Technology Audit Model in thePublic Sector Engineering Units of Pakistan

Reliable and Security-Based Myren Network Traffic Management using OpenSource Tools