journal of the thesis about sexual harassment 2012-2013

8/19/2019 Journal of the Thesis About Sexual Harassment 2012-2013

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LEVEL OF AWARENESS IN FORMS AND EFFECTS OF SEXUAL

HARASSMENT OF SELECTED COLLEGE OF EDUCATION

STUDENTS ACADEMIC YEAR 2012-2013

James e!"# R$ La T%&&e

Re#' Ja&"(s E$ )a*-(+

Ma&, Ja .$ As(+"**a

E*ea'a& C$ Um"/"

J(#"%& S$ L"m

)SE-SOCIAL STUDIES

D&$ Ma#% M$ (e#a#a#

As+&a4+5

The purpose of this study was to determine the perception of selected students of

Rizal Technological University – College of Education, Academic Year !"#!"$ a%out

their level of awareness in forms and effects of se&ual harassment'

This study utilized the (escriptive )ethod of research in order to determine the

perception of selected students on the forms and effects of se&ual harassment' The

*ormative +urvey method was also used to find out the normal typical condition of the

situation and the people'

The chi#suare test of relationship was used to determine the level of relationship

%etween the forms and effects of se&ual harassment and the selected varia%les- se&, age,

religion, year level and specialization'

The study focused on the population of students enrolled in "st

Year to .th

Year College of Education RTU#/oni Campus' )a0ority of the respondents were female,

ages "1#! years old, Roman Catholic, 2irst Year level and English ma0or'

The level of awareness of the respondents a%out se&ual harassment in terms of

forms of se&ual harassment is categorized as Aware' 3n the other hand, the level of


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awareness of the respondents in terms of the effects of se&ual harassment is categorized

as Strongly Agree'+uggested preventive measures to avoid +e&ual 4arassment were the following-

avoid discussing pornographic5o%scene materials6 esta%lished demarcation line %etween

student and teacher5refrain from %eing too close to the professor6 don not accept any

favour from a professor6 report to the authorities if there are attempts of harassment6

refrain from wearing seductive clothing and gestures'Using the chi#suare test of relationship, it was found out that there is no

significant relationship %etween the level of awareness of the respondents on the forms

and effects of se&ual harassment and se&, age, religion, specialization and year level'

The study recommends that schools should include se&ual harassment as part of

the curriculum so that all students whether male or female %ecome aware on the different

forms, effects and ways to prevent +e&ual 4arassment' The school should also encourage

the participation of private sectors in giving seminars a%out se&ual harassment' The

parents should %e open to discuss this issue so that their children will %ecome aware on

what se&ual harassment is and what should they do if they e&perience such a%use' The

government should amend several provisions of the Repu%lic Act 7177 and Repu%lic Act

78"! in order to ma9e its scope wider and precise so that stiffer penalties meted out to the

offenders' The community should o%serve the role of everyone in order to lessen :if not

eliminate; the num%er of victims of se&ual a%use in their place' The %arangays should

conduct free seminars or outreach programs in their respective places in order for their

people to %ecome aware on the issues of se&ual harassment' The teachers should have

yearly seminars a%out the Code of Conduct for


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who, having authority, influence or moral ascendancy over another in a wor9 or training

or education environment, demands, reuests or otherwise reuires any se&ual favor from

the other, regardless of whether the demand, reuest or reuirement for su%mission is

accepted %y the o%0ect of said Act'= :Repu%lic Act 7177# Anti#+e&ual 4arassment >aw;

Se6 %77e#e& refers to a person convicted of a se&ual offense such as rape :se&ual

assault;, se&ual contact, or lewdness' :?ifis, !!$;

H%s+"*e E#!"&%#me#+ refers to intimidating, threatening or offensive ver%al or

physical conduct of a se&ual nature happened in employee@s wor9 environment or student

education'

(" .&% (% :this for that; refers to any unwelcome se&ual advances, reuests

for se&ual favor is made e&plicitly or implicitly in return for educational %enefits'

Cam/(s-&e*a+e Se6(a* Ha&assme#+ is committed when a person in an

academic community who, having authority, influence of moral ascendency over another

in an educational environment demands, reuest or otherwise reuires any se&ual favor

for the other, regardless of whether the demand, reuest or reuirement for su%mission is

accepta%le or not' :+ec' $ R'A' 7177;

I#+&%(4+"%#5

)a4,&%(# %7 +8e S+(

The natural5%iological origin of se&ual harassment is %ased on the good old

fashion idea of attraction %etween two people' )en are possessed with the %igger se&

drives which cause men to aggressively approach women with se&ual comments or

intentions' The %attle of the se&es is used in this e&ample of the socio# cultural model'

omen in today@s society are %ecoming more wor9 force oriented creating more

opportunities and assertiveness for them to get 0o% and ta9e over companies' The pro%lem

with this is, some men see this very frustrating from which can cause anger, confusion,

miscommunication and misconduct' This miscommunication can cause men to use power

to harass the female on the 0o% :/randen%erg $7#.B, !!";'

The media and society reinforce the idea that men are dominant in our society'

ndirect this is em%edding serole stereotypes into children all over the world' +ome of

the things we see on the television sports heroes, and military leaders' t is said that men

are more aggressive and independent' omen are portrayed as passive and dependent in


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children@s literature and television' The issue on parenting and what are our parents

teaching us and are not teaching us during adolescents' At a young age we see parents

warning their children a%out se&ual and aggressive activity, %ut not ta9ing a%out this

same type of issue with their %oys' t is seen as the girl 0o% to protect her, while %oys' t is

seen as the girls 0o% to protect her, while %oys let their emotions and %ehaviors come

naturally to them'

+chools, li9e the wor9 force, face many types of se&ual harassment' )any are not

the same, %ut are still considered se&ual harassment' t is said that teachers call on %oys

more, and give more attention to them' Then, again, %oys demand more attention %ecause

of their short attention span and a%ility to get in more trou%le' Teachers spend more time

with girls in reading classes and more with %oys in math classes' These types of issues

unfortunately are not ta9en seriously %y school districts' They see this issue of se&ual

harassment as D%oys will %e %oys= %ehaviour' Also classified under this, D%oys will %e

%oys= title are %oys ma9ing girls cry, %oys rating girls on appearance, and teasing girls

se&ually' n the real world these things are viewed as se&ual harassment'

hat ma9es it o9ay for %oys to do this e are sending a message to %oys that it

is o9ay to do these types of things in grade school, and then it carries up through college

and into the real world' f we thin9 a%out girls in school, they are losing valua%le

education in an unsafe environment' This environment is not conducive to learning' /y

doing this, %oys put girls in an inferior class which impacts their education :)orewitz,

B"#$F;' hat 9ind of policies and procedures should %e following to prevent this type

of %ehaviour +chools or any educational institution that receives federal funding must

present in some way se&ual harassment, se& discrimination and ensure a non#hostile

environment' The policies include addressing the right audience of faculty, teachers,

students and everyone involved in the educational process' Also, peer harassment, should

%e included' These areas should all %e well defined in the policy and tal9 a%out the

seriousness of the offense'

Unheard of until "B7!s, se&ual harassment has %ecome a dominant concern of

employers, schools, and other organizations throughout the country' t is one of the most

litigated areas of se&ual discrimination law, and virtually all ma0or companies,

government organizations, colleges, and universities and even the military now have


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se&ual harassment policies in place' Even the president of the United +tates has %een

su%0ect to a se&ual harassment lawsuit'

The definition of se&ual harassment has always %een controversial' /lac9@s >aw

(ictionary defined it as GA type of employment discrimination consisting in ver%al or

physical a%use of a se&ual nature, Dand it has also %een held to e&ist in educational

situations' /ut %eyond this, there is the uestion of what 9ind of %ehavior translates into

se&ual harassment and what the relationship of the parties must %e for se&ual harassment

to occur'

These issues have %een fought over at the federal level for many years' Although

se&ual harassment law is still not clearly defined, there has emerged over the years a

consensus of the %asic outlines of what se&ual harassment is and what needs to %e done

%y companies and other groups to prevent it :www' Enotes'com5la%or#law#

reference5se&ual#harassment;'

S+a+eme#+ %7 +8e .&%*em

This study determines the perception of selected students of Rizal Technological

University#College of Education a%out their D>evel of Awareness in 2orms and Effects of

+e&ual 4arassment'= +pecifically, it see9s to answer the following uestions-

1 hat is the profile of the respondents according to-

1$1 +e&

1$2 Age

1$3 Religion

1$9+pecialization

1$: Year >evel

2 hat is the level of awareness of the respondents a%out +e&ual harassment in

terms of-

2$1 2orms of +e&ual 4arassment

2$2 Effects of +e&ual 4arassment

3 hat are the preventive measures can you suggest to avoid +e&ual 4arassment

9 s there a significant relationship %etween the >evel of awareness of the

respondents on the su%0ect and the selected varia%les

O;e4+"!e


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This study aims to increase the level of awareness of all students, parents,

administrators, teachers and the community a%out the forms and effects of se&ual

harassment and also, how to deal with it'

S4%/e a# De*"m"+a+"%# %7 +8e S+(

The study was limited to the selected students of College of Education, Rizal

Technological University for the +chool Year !"#!"$' t is confined in the students@

level of awareness a%out se&ual harassment' The students@ level of awareness was %ased

on their perception and understanding a%out se&ual harassment' t focused on the

relationship of their perception when grouped according to se&, age, religion, ma0or and

year level' All the students of the Rizal Technological University#College of Education

during the Academic Year !"#!"$ were used as respondents'

Me+8%%*%

Resea&48 Me+8% Use

This study utilized the descriptive method of research in order to determine the

perception of selected students of Rizal Technological University#College of Education

a%out their D>evel of Awareness in 2orms and Effects +e&ual 4arassment'= The

researcher %elieves that this is the most appropriate method to use in this particular study'

(escriptive method is a general procedure, which descri%es the nature of a situation as it

e&ists at the time of the study and e&plores the course of a particular phenomenon

:Tavers, "B71;' This method is used to discover facts on which 0udgment could %e %ased'

t is used in different fields of study %ecause of its applica%ility to solve varied 9inds of

pro%lem'

+pecifically, the normative survey was employed' This survey was conducted to

find out the normal typical condition of the situation and people' This is also used to

gather all the information from place to place or from group to group :Rivera, "BBB;'

.%/(*a+"%# F&ame a# Sam/*"# S48eme

The study focused on the population of students enrolled in "st Year to .thYear in

the College of Education RTU#/oni Campus' 3ut of ",!8B students, only B" were


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selected as respondents and this was determined through +lovin@s formula nH *5"I* :

; and stratified sampling'

+tratified sampling was used %ecause the respondents were classified %y year

level, age, se&, religion, and ma0or'

Des4&"/+"%# %7 +8e Res/%#e#+s

The respondents were the students enrolled in the College of Education, +chool

Year !"#!"$' They were descri%ed according to se&, age, religion, specialization, and

year level'

Ta%le " shows the profile of the respondents according to se&, age, religion,specialization, and year level' As gleaned from the ta%le, "1 of the B" respondents were

female while 7$ were male' The ta%le also shows that ran9 num%er one is the age group

"1#! with ".B respondents' This is followed %y age group "F#"7'

The ta%le also reveals the religion of the respondents' (ominant were the Roman

Catholics which are represented %y $ respondents followed %y /orn Again'

Ta%le "

.&%7"*e %7 +8e Res/%#e#+s


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Religion

Roman Catholic $ 78'8!

glesia ni Jristo "$ .'F!

/orn Again .! "$'7!

/aptist 8 '"!

3thers B $'"!Total B" "!!'!!

Year >evel

2irst Year B" $"'$!

+econd year 7B 7'"!

Third year F1 "B'B!

2ourth year 8$ "'8!

Total B" "!!'!!

+pecialization

Computer Education F" "7'F!

English 77 8'F! 2ilipino .B "8'1!


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here-


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c H column

To determine the level of awareness of the respondents the following scale was

used-

S4a*e Des4&"/+"!e I#+e&/&e+a+"%#.'! # F'!! 2ully Aware5+trongly Agree

$'.! # .'"B Aware5Agree

'8! # $'$B Uncertain5*eutral"'1! – 'FB Unaware5(isagree

"'!! – "'7B 2ully Unaware5+trongly (isagree

Da+a Ga+8e&"# .&%4e(&e

The researchers wrote a letter addressed to the (ean of RTU#College of Education

reuesting permission to conduct survey among the CE( students' Upon approval %y the

(ean, the uestionnaires were then distri%uted to the student#respondents'

The student#respondents were instructed to follow specific steps in the

accomplishment of the uestionnaire and personal data sheet' They were given ample

time to answer the uestionnaire' The uestionnaires were then collected immediately

after the respondents finished answering them' After retrieval, ta%ulation and analyses of

the data gathered follows'

DISCUSSION

L"+e&a+(&e

n the past decades, se&ual harassment has %een a hot topic in our country'

4owever, despite e&periences such crime,


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wor9place are encouraged to formulate necessary actions to reduce the vulnera%ility for

prevention, preparedness and response of the students and la%orers in this inhumane act'

The prevention to the increasing num%er of se&ual harassment cases reuires an

involvement and implementation of uniform rules from different sectors of the

government' )ost especially, the coordination of the (epartment of Education,

Commission on 4igher Education and (epartment of >a%or and Employment in the

*ational Capital Region and the *ational ?overnment involvement as sphere head of the

governments is essential'

These conclusions suggest that proper information drive may lessen and ma9e all

the people aware a%out the possi%le causes, effects and prevention on se&ual harassment'

S(mma& %7 F"#"#s

" The level of awareness of selected College of Education students on the forms of

se&ual harassment is Aware. ?iven the highest rating is Unnecessary and

unwanted touching, patting, hugging or %rushing against a person@s clothing or

%ody with an average mean of .'"!' This was followed %y (irect or indirect

promises of academic or wor9 %enefits, such as high grades, promotions or

recommendation, in return for se&ual favour and Remar9s of a se&ual nature

a%out a person@s clothing or %ody with a mean of .'!"6 Lo9es, lewd suggestions,

whistling, foul language, leering and o%scene gestures with a mean of $'B76


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a%out a person@s private or se& life, e&plicit se&ual suggestions in return for

Dreward= with an average mean of $'F8'3n the other hand, the level of awareness of selected College of Education

students on the effects of se&ual harassment is Strongly Agree. n this result,

ma0ority of the respondents were strongly agree that the Kictim has pho%ia or fear

of the incident having a weighted mean of .'.B6 Kictim@s loss of interest in

studying i'e' tardiness, a%sences and dismissal with a mean of .'$16 The victim

has insecurities %ecause of pu%lic criticism with a mean of .'$$6 The victim has

depression with a mean of .'$' hile, they were agree that The victim %ecome

insane with a mean of $'B$6 %oth The victim has self#%lame and The victim has

distressing memories of the event with a mean of $'B!' 3n the prevention of +e&ual 4arassment, the study revealed that the ma0ority of

the respondents Strongly Agree on students should not give provocative and

seductive gestures so as not to %e harassed as shown %y the weighted mean of

.'7!, while refrain from discussing pornographic5o%scene material got the lowest

mean of .'F'$ There is no significant relationship %etween level of awareness on forms and

effects of se&ual harassment and se& since the computed value of "'1" and '"8

are lower than the ta%ular value of B'.B at '!F level of significance with . degrees

of freedom'

There is no significant relationship %etween level of awareness on forms and

effects of se&ual harassment and age since the computed value of 8'!B and .'B7

are lower than the ta%ular value of "'!$ at '!F level of significance with "

degrees of freedom' 2urthermore, there is no significant relationship %etween

level of awareness on forms and effects of se&ual harassment and religion since

the computed value of '"F and $'B7 are lower than the ta%ular value of 8'$! at '

!F level of significance with "8 degrees of freedom'

As to forms and effects of se&ual harassment and year level, there no

significant relationship since the computed value of "!' and .'$" are lower than

the ta%ular value of 8'$! at '!F level of significance with "8 degrees of freedom'

>astly, there is no significant relationship %etween level of awareness on forms

and effects of se&ual harassment and specialization since the computed value of


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B'! and F'.1 are lower than the ta%ular value of $"'." at '!F level of

significance with ! degrees of freedom'

C%#4*(s"%#s

/ased on the a%ove findings, the following conclusions are presented according to the

seuence made in the statement of the pro%lems-

" The level of awareness of the respondents a%out +e&ual 4arassment in terms of

2orms of +e&ual 4arassment is categorized as Aware' hile the level of

awareness of the respondents a%out +e&ual 4arassment in terms of Effects of

+e&ual 4arassment is categorized as Strongly Agree'

+uggested preventive measures to avoid +e&ual 4arassment were the following-

avoid discussing pornographic5o%scene materials6 esta%lished demarcation line %etween student and teacher5refrain from %eing too close to the professor6 don not

accept any favour from a professor6 report to the authorities if there are attempts

of harassment6 refrain from wearing seductive clothing and gestures'

$ There is no significant relationship %etween the level of awareness of the

respondents on +e&ual 4arassment and se&, age, religion, specialization, and year

level'

Re4%mme#a+"%#s

n the light of the findings and conclusions, it is recommended that

" +chools should include se&ual harassment as part of the curriculum so that all

students whether male or female %ecome aware on the different forms, effects

and ways to prevent se&ual harassment'

The school should also encourage the participation of private sectors in giving

seminars a%out se&ual harassment'

$ The parents should %e open to discuss this issue so that their children will

%ecome aware on what se&ual harassment is and what should they do if they

e&perience such a%use'

. The government should amend several provision of the Repu%lic Act 7177 and

Repu%lic Act 78"! in order to ma9e its scope wider and precise so that stiffer

penalties meted out to the offenders'


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F The community should o%serve the role of everyone in order to lessen :if not

eliminate; the num%er of victims of se&ual a%use in their place'8 The %arangays should conduct free seminars or outreach programs in their

respective places in order for their people to %ecome aware on the issues of

se&ual harassment'7 The teachers should have yearly seminars a%out the Code of Conduct for


15/18

Ruth, +heila :"BB1;' DTwo Observations on Sexual arassment = ssues in 2eminism,

An ntroduction to omen@s +tudies, p' $7$#$78Random 4ouse e%ster@s

>egal (ictionary' *ew 3rleans@s pu%lishing 4ouse' "BB8

+teven 4' ?ifis :!!$;, /arron@s >aw (ictionary' *ew 3rleans- *ew 3rleans@s

pu%lishing 4ouse

+ocial


16/18

/uenvia0e, Atty' Angelo (' :!!!; The Anatomy of +e&ual 4arassment, City >ife-

Kol' K *o' $" p' $!

(ela Rosa, Roland K' :!!$ Luly;, +e&ual 4arassment, )anila /ulletin- p' ""

?arcia, Angelica :!F )ay B;' +cholasticans age /attle vs' +e&ual 4arassment'

)anila /ulletin- p' C#F

(EC+ Administrative 3rder *o' !!#F, Revised mplementing Rules and

Regulations on +e&ual 4arassment Act of "BBF :!!;

(E*R Administrative 3rder *o' !!#F, Amending Revised mplementing Rules

and Regulations on the Anti#+e&ual 4arassment Act of "BBF

2ortuno, Atty' /ernie +' :!!! )arch "F;, DSexual arassment! "ore #eal Than $e

Care To Admit= 3)A*+ T3(AY- p' "7#"1

?uie%#(emetillo, )arilou :"BBB +ept' 7; Campus +e&ual, )r and )s- p' "#"$

gnacio, Angela K' :!!F; D


17/18

+amonte, Elena >' :"BBF;' D+e&ual 4arassment- (efinitions and ?ender (ifferences

in


18/18

www'eeoc'gov5types5harassment'html :Retrieved (ecem%er !"";

www'eualrights#org5pu%lications5chool'asp :Retrieved (ecem%er !"";

4onolulu'hawai'edu5policies5harassment'html :Retrieved 2e%ruary !";

www'0o%sd%'com'my'5se&ual#harassmentQ8'html :Retrieved Luly !";

>aw'0ustia'com5California5code5"F#$"'Fhtml :Retrieved August !";

www'>awphil'net :Retrieved August !";

www'unica'edu'au5policies5corporate5'asp :Retrieved +eptem%er !";

www'Kanmechlen'net5)icrosoft59inds'html :Retrieved +eptem%er !"";

journal of the thesis about sexual harassment 2012-2013

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