JRA10 - Spectroscopie de raze X cu detectori SDD (Silicon Drift Detector)

Faza II- Prototip final de sistem de monitorizare si control al parametrilor de functionare a experimentului

SIDDHARTA

CORINT, EU-RO, Contract de Finantare Nr. 58/22.11.2004, Etapa 4

Mario Bragadireanu, IFIN-HH, DFPE14.06.2006

Hadron Physics I3 Activities in which IFIN-HH is participating

Development of time-of-flight systems under extremely demanding conditions: high charged-particle multiplicities, high local hit densities, physics observables based on rare processes. Development of the readout system: technological challenges to be dealt withare the large solid angle with an affordable number of readout channels and the associated front-end and digitization electronics.

“Advanced TOF detection systems”JRA12

Developments of new technologies based on Single Crystal Diamond detectors for high resolution, high-rate, high-multiplicity nuclear experiments.

“Novel radiation hard CVD-diamond detectors”JRA11

Development of a soft X-ray detection apparatus, based on large-area Silicon Drift Detectors (SDD), with high energy resolution and high backgroundrejection. First application of the timing properties of SDDs in X-ray spectroscopy.

“Silicon drift detectors for X-rayspectroscopy”JRA10

Project to develop large area, high-granularity, low-mass, high-speed gas detectors with fully integrated low-power electronics. R&D in detector research, material science, low power, high-speed analog and digital electronics development, massive parallel computing.

“High speed gas detectors withintegrated electronics”JRA4

Experimental networking, aiming at creating a European research network to finalize the scientific case and the measurements to perform, with the planned Compressed Baryonic Matter experiment at the new heavy ion facility at GSI.

“Compressed baryonic matter”N1

Short description and specific objectives of the activityDescriptive TitleActivity Number

Extracted from Annex I - “Description of Work”

IFIN-HH role in JRA10 - SIDDHARTA

Extracted from Annex I - “Description of Work”

Prototype setup•tests on existing chips using normal electronics•realization of DAQ and trigger systems•tests at Frascati

Digitization and data acquisition including hardware Infrastructures (power supplies, etc)•DAQ

•detector integration

CORINT, EU-RO, Contract de Finantare Nr. 58/22.11.2004

Contine activitati specifice N1, JRA4, JRA10, JRA11, JRA12

JRA10 are prevazute urmatoarele faze:

15.12.2006Realizarea prototipului final al sistemului de controale lente (slow controls+HV Controller)

III

15.06.2006

Realizarea prototipului final al sistemului de monitorizare si control al parametrilor de functionare a setup-ului SIDDHARTA

II

15.12.2005Realizarea prototipului final de SDD HV Controller I

Termen*)DenumireNr.

SIDDHARTASIlicon Drift Detector for Hadronic Atom Research by Timing Applications

LNF- INFN, Frascati, ItalyPolitecnico, Milano, ItalyMPE, Garching, Germany

PNSensors, Munich, GermanyStefan Mayer Institut, Vienna, Austria

IFIN – HH, Bucharest, Romania

Spokesman C. Guaraldo LNF INFN

Basics of the Siddharta physics

The scientific aim

the determination of the isospin dependent KN scattering lengths through a

~ eV measurement ~ eV measurement

of the shiftof the shiftand

of the width of the Kα line of kaonic hydrogen

and

the first (similar) measurementfirst (similar) measurement of kaonic deuterium

DAΦNE Exotic Atoms Research

Exotic atom: incident negatively particle (miuon, pion, kaon, antiproton) stopped in a target and captured into a high atomic Bohr orbit replacing one of the outer electrons

Atomic cascade: successive deexcitation processes through the atomic states with smaller n

The hadron is absorbed by the nucleus through the strong interaction

Shifting (ε) of the energy of the lowest atomic level from its purely electromagnetic values

Reduces the lifetime of the state so the X-ray transitions to this final atomic level are broadened (Γ)

The hadron-proton strong interaction measured quantities are , ε and Γ, the shift and the width of the lower state (n) X-ray transition

ε

Γ

s p d f

Kα ∼ 6.2 keV= ΔE2p→1s

E1s}

E2p

n

43

2

1

Kβ

Kaonic Hydrogen

- -

- -

-

-

3 2 -

K p

K

1

K p K p

3 2 -1

K d K dd

ε Γ a

ε

i+ =2α μ =(412 eV fm )×a

2

i+ =2α μ =(601 eV fm )×aΓ a

2

Scattering lengths

“Observable” scattering lengths: Deser-Trueman relation

KN isospin dependent scattering lengths:

-

-

- -

K p

(0)N kK d

N k

(0)

K p K n

0 1

0 1

1a = ( + )

2m +m

a =2 a + Cm +m /2

1 1a = (a +a )=

a

( +3

a

)2 4

a a

⎛ ⎞⎜ ⎟⎝ ⎠

Measurement of kaonic hydrogen x-ray spectrum (Physical Review Letters 2005)

Kaonic Hydrogen Todayw

idth

Γ 1s

[eV

]

KpX

-500 50000

200

400

600

800

1000

shift ε1s [eV]

Dav

ies e

t al,

1979

Izyc

kiet

al,

1980

Bird

et a

l, 19

83

repulsive attractiveKpX (KEK)M. Iwasaki et al, 1997

ε=

-323

±63

±11

eV

Γ=

407

±20

8 ±

100

eV

DEAR

The best measurementperformed on KaonicHydrogen up to now

SIDDHARTA

The choice of the detector

X-ray detector, which preserves all good features of the CCD

large active areaquantum efficiencyenergy resolution linearity and stability

+ Trigger capability (fast shaping times – 1μs) for background

rejection

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

A (cm-2)

FW

HM

(eV

)

SDD PIN Si(Li) 150 K 5.9 keV line

PIN Tsh=20us

Si(Li) Tsh=20us

SDD Tsh=1us

Spectroscopic resolution: detector comparison

FWHMmeasat monoenergetic line 5.9 keV, 1cm2 detector at 150 K

SDDFWHM=140eV τshap =1μsSi(Li)FWHM=180eV τshap =15μsPIN diodeFWHM=750eV τshap =20μsCCD FWHM=140eV τframe=1s

n

n+

p+ -Vcc

p+

The Semiconductor Drift Detector

AnodeThe electrons are collected by the small anode,characterized by a low output capacitance.

Advantages: very high energy resolution at fast shaping times, due to the small anode capacitance, independent of the active area of the detector

Entrance window

ANODE

The Silicon Drift Detector with on-chip JFET

JFET integrated on the detector• capacitive ‘matching’: Cgate = Cdetector• minimization of the parasitic capacitances• reduction of the microphonic noise• simple solution for the connection detector-electronics in monolithic arrays of several units

The integrated JFET

Detector produced at Max-Planck-Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany

Quantum efficiency of a 280 μm thick SDD 55Fe spectrum measured with a SDD (5 mm2) at –10°C with 0.5 μs shaping time

Silicon Drift Detector performances

SDD layout – readout side

sensitive area

3 x 100 mm²

chip size: 34 x 14 mm²

integrated temperature sensors

Spectroscopy test• SIDDHARTA SDDs ● temperature & shaping time scan

Spectroscopy test• SIDDHARTA SDDs ● T = -60 °C, τ = 1 µsec

w4

0/

s01

w4

5/

s03

w4

9/

s01

140,00

350,00

175,00

615,00

680,00

848,

00

235,

0013

5,00

478,

00

TheThe SIDDHARTA Setup SIDDHARTA Setup

SIDDHARTA Meeting 3 LNF, May 11-12, 2006 / JZ

beam pipe

vacuumchamber

feed-throughs forSDD electronics

port forSDD cooling

target cooling

SDD chip andpre-amplifierelectronics

target cell

lead table

place for SDDsupply voltage devices

The SIDDHARTA SetupThe SIDDHARTA Setup

TheThe SIDDHARTA Setup SIDDHARTA Setup

SIDDHARTA Meeting 5 LNF, May 11-12, 2006 / JZ

TheThe CryogenicCryogenic TargetTarget CellCell

SIDDHARTA Meeting 7 LNF, May 11-12, 2006 / JZ

APD 2-stage cryo coolerwith 8 watt @ 20K

Cryogenic target cell75 µm Kapton within a pure aluminum gridPmax. ~ 5 bar

DEAR Exp.25K & 2 Bar(ρ~2.1 g/l)

SDDSDD--subunitsubunit

SIDDHARTA Meeting 15 LNF, May 11-12, 2006 / JZ

TheThe CryogenicCryogenic TargetTarget CellCell

SIDDHARTA Meeting 11 LNF, May 11-12, 2006 / JZ

SDDSDD--subunitsubunit

SIDDHARTA Meeting 18 LNF, May 11-12, 2006 / JZ

beam pipe

vacuumchamber (P2)

feed-throughs forSDD electronics

ports for (T2,T3)SDD cooling

Target feed+ cooling

SDD chip andpre-amplifierElectronics(T4....T12 + more (?) )

target cell(T1,P1, leak detector)

lead table

Variables to be measured and/or controlled in time

SIDDHARTA Slow Monitor and Control (Prototype)

PC

NI P

CI-

8336

100 m fiber optic• 132 Mbytes/s peak• 78 Mbytes/s sustained

NI PXI-1042Q chassis

PXI-8336 PXI-4351 PXI-6289

•SDD temperature (AI+ Isource)(PT100 sensors)

•Switch Control Box (DIO)•Flammable Gas Detector (DIO)•Isolation Vacuum (AI)•Target Gas Pressure (AI)

4 free PXI slots

Lakeshore 331Temperature

Controller

488.2

•Target Temperature (AI)•Heater (AO)

PXI-GPIB

Monitoring Software: - developed using LabView 7.1 FDS

Other features:-automatic e-mailing & SMS;-Web publishing

Other hardware used for the test

• 1 x Balzers TPG300 Pressure Controller

• 1 x Balzers IKR-050 Cold Cathode Gauge - up to 2x10-9 (air)

• 1 x CRYOTIGER® cooling system (70-295 Kelvin)

• 5x PT100 temperature sensors (100 ohms at 0 °C and 138.4 ohms at 100 °C)

• 1x Thermistor – SCB-68 onboard cold-junction compensation sensor

Conclusions

• The SIDDHARTA Slow Controls and Monitoring System was designed using commercially available DAQ Cards from National Instruments.

• The design is very flexible and gives a lot of free “room”for potential upgrades of the system

• The prototype was assembled and tested successfully at LNF-INFN (Italy) together with a software programme developed using LabView 7.1