judaism the first of the monotheistic traditions
TRANSCRIPT
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JUDAISM
The first of the monotheistic traditions
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South of Phoenicia 2000 BC• Abram the Sumerian found in (Genesis 11-25) lived to be
175 years old!
• Married Sarai and left for Canaan with father and nephew
• Told by God that he would be the founder of a chosen people • Abram was 75 and his wife was old as well and they, as of yet, had
no children.• Abram was required to have faith
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Abram has a son• Abram leaves with his wife for Egypt since Canaan was in
famine• (Story from Genesis 12)
• Abram is told by God to go back to Canaan • God makes the Abrahamic Covenant (two way promise between
man and God)
• God will bless him to be the founder of a great nation to control the promise land
• Abram has a lot of money but no kids
• Hagar (handmaiden of Sarai) gives birth to Ishmael but are banned
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Abram picks up an “H”• At 99 years old Abram is told
that his name is to be changed to Abraham and Sarai to Sarah
• Law of Circumcision is followed and Abraham is a prophet
• Abraham and Sarah have a child of their own after 3 visitors• Isaac is born but then God tells
Abraham to sacrifice him!• Abraham goes to kill Isaac but is
stopped by an angel and is accepted by God
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Abraham’s Grandson• Jacob became a powerful ruler in Canaan and through 2 wives and 2 servants
had 12 sons (12 tribes)
• Joseph was despised by his brothers and eventually sold into Egypt (Rachel’s first born)
• In Egypt he becomes powerful in Potiphar’s house then is placed in jail for doing the right thing
• In jail he reads the dreams of some prisoners and helps the Pharaoh out and made the right hand man of the Pharaoh
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Heading to Egypt• When the famine hits Egypt and the
rest of Mesopotamia many come from all over to get grain from Egypt
• Joseph’s brothers show up and Joseph play’s a trick on them to test them
• Joseph invites them all to Egypt where they will stay until Moses
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Out of Egypt• Once Joseph’s decedents stay in Egypt they are
eventually mistreated and enslaved.
• The Hebrews pray for God to deliver them out of Egypt and Moses comes to the rescue
• Moses was born a Hebrew but then raised as an Egyptian by the Pharaoh's wife.
• Moses discovers that he is a Hebrew and runs away to Midian where he meets Jethro and Zipporah
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Moses• While living in the mountains he sees a burning bush and God
speaks to him
• Moses is commanded to go back to Egypt and demand that Pharaoh release His people• Plagues inflict Pharaoh until he finally lets them go
• Blood• Frogs• Gnats and Lice• Flies• Pestilence• Boils• Hail• Locusts• Darkness• Death of Firstborn
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Moses• Moses leads the people out of Egypt and God promises
them a promised land
• Moses travels up to Mt. Sianai and there receives the 10 Commandments; the new law code of the Hebrews
• When Moses returns he is angry because his people have been worshipping other gods.
• The people wander for 40 years until all die but their posterity make it to the promised land
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Hebrews are United• After Moses, the remaining Hebrews place the 10
commandments into the Arc of the Covenant
• The people are divided into 12 tribes (after 12 sons of Jacob)
• Saul first to unite the tribes as a King of Israel (10 tribes)
• Built the Capital in Samaria
• Drove the Canaanites out but could not drive out Philistines
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David the giant slayer• David grew up as a Shepard from
Judah (the southern kingdom)
• Fights against Goliath of Philistines and kills him with a sling
• Becomes king and places the capital of Judah in Jerusalem
• Makes a covenant not only with God but a promise with his people as well
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Solomon• David’s son and successor, Solomon brought Israel to its
high point
• Constructed a great temple to replace the tabernacles of Moses time• The temple was a place to worship God
• Made trade relations with other nations and was known for being wise and fair
• Ruled in the 900’s BC
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End of the Tribes • After Solomon the 10 tribes of Israel revolt and break from
Judah (Jeroboam sides with 10 northern tribes Rehoboam with Judah/Benjamin)
• Israel is destroyed by 722 BC by Assyria and scattered
• Judah is conquered and the temple destroyed by the Chaldeans in 587 BC
• From this time until WWII they would be a wandering people• Known for their hard work ethic the Jewish people today are
disproportionally wealthy
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Final Jewish Terms to know• Moses writes down the history of his people in 5 books known as the Torah
• Jewish people today celebrate Passover in remembrance of Gods protection with the plagues in Egypt
• Celebrate the Sabbath (holy day) on Saturday as the 7th day of the week
• Yom Kippur ( כיפור is the most important holiday as day of Atonement (יוםwhere people fast
• Hanukah is a small holiday although gets more publicity
• Bar Mitzvah for boys at 13 years acceptance to manhood
• Star of David became a well known symbol of Judaism after the time of King David