Julio-Claudian Dynasty

The Power in Rome

Augustus

• Ruled 27BC – AD14• Grandnephew of Julius

Caesar.• First ruled in 1st Triumvirate.• Took control after defeat of

Mark Anthony (Cleopatra); Marcus Agrippa’s victory at Actium 31BC.

• Succeeded by Tiberius.

• Emperor Augustus• Ruled 27BC – AD14

• Livia Drusilla• 58BC – AD29

Julia• Daughter of Augustus• 39BC-AD14• Wife of 1) Marcellus 2)

Marcus Agrippa 3) Tiberius.

• Children 1) Gaius 2) Julia the younger 3) Lucius 4) Agrippina 5) Agrippa postumus.

• Banished by Augustus for immoral behaviour.

Family Group

• Julia the elder• Children 1) Gaius

2) Julia the younger 3) Lucius 4) Agrippina 5) Agrippa postumus.

• Marcus Agrippa• Saw himself as

Augustus’ heir.• Died in 12BC

Gaius Caesar

• 20BC – AD4• Son of Julia & Marcus Agrippa.• 17 BC, adopted by Augustus -

Prince of Youth"("princeps iuventutis")

• Husband to Livilla.• Died of Battle wounds – Artageria

(Armenia).• Death led to Augustus making

Tiberius and Postumus his heirs.

Lucius Caesar

• 17BC – AD2• Son of Julia & Marcus

Agrippa.• 17 BC, adopted by Augustus -

Prince of Youth"("princeps iuventutis")

• Drowned at Marseilles – Tacitus claimed foul play !

Agrippa postumus.

• Son of Julia & Marcus Agrippa• Adopted by Augustus after the

deaths of his elder brothers.• the young, physically tough, indeed brutish,

Agrippa Postumus. Though devoid of every good quality, he had been involved in no scandal – Tacitus

• Banished by Augustus in AD9 and executed by his guards around the time of Augustus’ death.

Vipsania Julia the younger

• 19BC - AD29• Daughter of Julia & Marcus Agrippa.• Married to Paullus• Seutonius claims that she built a large,

pretentious house, which Augustus had demolished (overdone)

• 9AD exiled by Augustus for immorality or conspiracy ?

• Paullus executed for conspiracy.

Agrippina the elder

• 14BC-33AD• Daughter of Julia & Marcus Agrippa.• Wife of Germanicus.• Children: Nero, Drusus, Caligula,

Agrippina(younger), Julia Drusilla & Julia Livilla.

• Agrippina in audience with Tiberius, accused Piso of Germanicus’ murder.

• Sejanus’ plot led to her suicide.

Claudian Family Group

• Livia Drusilla• 58BC – AD29• Sons through

marriage to Tiberius Claudius Nero – Tiberius and Drusus

• Claudius Tiberius Nero.

• Supported a Republic.

• Divorced by Livia in favour of Augustus.

Livia (wife of Augustus)

• Livia Drusilla• 58BC – AD29• Sons (through

previous marriage (to Tiberius Claudius Nero) – Tiberius and Drusus

Tiberius• Eldest son of Livia.• Emperor from 14 – 37AD.• Son of Tiberius Claudius

Nero and Livia Drusilla.• Adopted heir of Augustus• Pliny the Elder called him

tristissimus hominum, "the gloomiest of men."

• Succeeded by Caligula• Children

Drusus the younger• 13BC – 23AD• Son of Tiberius and Vipsania.• Married to Livilla.• Children Julia & Tiberius

Germellus.• Removed from succession by

Augustus’ order that Tiberius adopt Germanicus.

• AD 21 appointed consul by Tiberius.

Family Group

• Drusus the younger• 13BC – 23AD• Son of Tiberius and

Vipsania.• Married to Livilla.• Children Julia &

Tiberius Germellus.• AD 21 appointed

consul by Tiberius.

• Livilla• 13BC - AD31• Wife to 1) Gauis 2)

Drusus younger• Lover of Sejanus.• Alleged to have

helped Sejanus poison Drusus.

Drusus the elder

• 38BC – AD9• Youngest son of Livia• Great General, began the

Germania Campaign.• Seutonius reports that he

refused to return to Rome shortly before his death.

• Children 1) Germanicus 2) Claudius 3) Livilla

Family Group

• Drusus the elder• 38BC – AD9• Youngest son of Livia• Children 1)

Germanicus 2) Claudius 3) Livilla

• Antonia Minor• Daughter of Mark

Anthony and Ocatvia Minor.

• Favoured niece of Augustus.

• Family Matriarch.• Died AD37.

Germanicus• 15BC – AD19• Eldest son of Drusus.• Husband of Agrippina the elder.• Children Nero, Drusus, Caligula,

Agrippina, Julia Drusilla & Julia Livilla.

• Avenged defeat of Teutoborg Forest – campaigns in Germania & Asia made him hugely popular

• Augustus compelled Tiberius to adopt as son and name as heir.

• Tacitus blames Tiberius for his death.

Claudius

• 10BC - AD54• Youngest son of

Drusus.• Maternal Grandfather

– Mark Anthony.• Uncle of Caligula.• Ruled from AD41.

Livilla

• 13BC - AD31• Wife to 1) Gauis 2)

Drusus (Tiberius son)• Lover of Sejanus.• Alleged to have

helped Sejanus poison Drusus.

Family group

• Germanicus• 15BC – AD19• Eldest son of Drusus.• Children Nero, Drusus,

Caligula, Agrippina, Julia Drusilla & Julia Livilla.

• Augustus compelled Tiberius to adopt as son and name as heir.

Agrippina the elder.• 14BC-33AD• Daughter of Julia & Marcus

Agrippa.• Children: Nero, Drusus,

Caligula, Agrippina(younger), Julia Drusilla & Julia Livilla.

• Agrippina in audience with Tiberius, accused Piso of Germanicus’ murder.

• Sejanus’ plot led to her suicide.

Family Group

• Claudius• 3rd wife.

• Valeria Messalina• Children – Claudia

Octavia & Britannicus.• Built up power base.• Executed in the

Gardens of Lucullus on Claudius’ orders.

Family Group

• Claudius (4th marriage).

• Possibly murdered by Agrippina the younger (wife).

• Replaced by her son Nero – the last Julio-Claudian Emperor.

• Agrippina the younger.• 15-59AD• Fell out with son and

according to Tacitus and Seutonius, murdered by him.

Caligula

• Gauis Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus

• ‘Little Soldiers Boot’• Emperor 37-41AD

• www.youtube.com/watch?

v=XNwLDsOcG_0

Agrippina the younger

• 15-59AD• Survived Sejanus’ plots

unlike mother & brothers Nero & Drusus.

• Gained some power when brother Caligula became Emperor.

• Son Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus – Nero

• 39 AD exiled over failed plot on Caligula.

• Returned to later marry Claudius.

Emperor Nero

• 37 -68AD• Emperor 54-68AD at

17.• Heir to Claudius• Executed mother –

Agrippina the younger• Boudica Revolt• Burning of Rome• Committed suicide.