June 1995 Regents

1. The thickness of a dollar bill is closest to

a) 10-4 m b) 10-2 m c) 10-1 m d) 101 m

2. A jogger accelerates at a constant rate as she travels 5.0 meters along a straight track from point A to point B, as shown in the diagram below. If her speed was 2.0 m/s at point A and will be 3.0 m/s at point B, how long will it take her to go from A to B?

a) 3.3 s b) 2.0 s c) 1.0 s d) 4.2 s

3. An object falls freely from rest near the surface of the Earth. What is the speed of the object when it has fallen 4.9 meters from its rest position?

a) 4.9 m/s b) 9.8 m/s c) 96 m/s d) 24 m/s

4. Which term represents a vector quantity?

a) force b) distance c) power d) work

5. A river flows due east at 1.5 m/s. A motorboat leaves the north shore of the river and heads due south at 2.0 m/s, as shown in the diagram below. Which vector best represents the resultant velocity of the boat relative to the riverbank?

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a)b)

c)

d)

6. A 60.-kilogram astronaut weighs 96 Newtons on the surface of the Moon. The acceleration due to gravity on the Moon is

a) 4.9 m/s2 b) 9.8 m/s2 c) 0.0 m/s2 d) 1.6 m/s2

7. The handle of a lawn roller is held at 45 degrees from the horizontal. A force, F, of 28.0 Newtons is applied to the handle as the roller is pushed across a level lawn, as shown in the diagram below. What is the magnitude of the force moving the roller forward?

a) 39.0 N b) 14.0 N c) 19.8 N d) 7.00 N

8. A 1.0 x 102 kilogram box rests on the bed of a truck that is accelerating at 2.0 m/s2. What is the magnitude of the force of friction on the box as it moves with the truck without slipping?

a) 2.0 x 102 N b) 5.0 x 102 N c) 0.0 N d) 1.0 x 103 N

9. A student weighing 500. Newtons stands on a spring scale in an elevator. If the scale reads 520. Newtons, the elevator must be

a) accelerating downward

b) accelerating upward c) moving upward at constant speed

d) moving downward at constant speed

10. A box decelerates as it moves to the right along a horizontal surface, as shown in the diagram at the right. Which vector best represents the force of friction on the box?

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a)b) c)

d)

11. If a net force of 10. Newtons acts on a 6.0-kilogram mass for 8.0 seconds, the total change of momentum of the mass is

a) 60. kgm/s b) 48 kgm/s c) 80. kgm/s d) 480 kgm/s

12. A constant force of 2.0 Newtons is used to push a 3.0-kilogram mass 4.0 meters across the floor. How much work is done on the mass?

a) 6.0 J b) 24 J c) 8.0 J d) 12 J

13. A 4.0 x 103 watt motor applies a force of 8.0 x 102 Newtons to move a boat at constant speed. How far does the boat move in 16 seconds?

a) 5.0 m b) 80. m c) 3.2 m d) 32 m

14. When a spring is stretched 0.200 meter from its equilibrium position, it possesses a potential energy of 10.0 joules. What is the spring constant for this spring?

a) 250. N/m b) 125 N/m c) 500. N/m d) 100. N/m

15. A 1.0 x 103 kilogram car is moving at a constant speed of 4.0 m/s. What is the kinetic energy of the car?

a) 1.6 x 103 J b) 4.0 x 103 J c) 2.0 x 104 J d) 8.0 x 103 J

16. A force is applied to a block, causing it to accelerate along a horizontal, frictionless surface. The energy gained by the block is equal to the

a) momentum given to the block

b) power applied to the block

c) impulse applied to the block

d) work done on the

block

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17. A 1.0-kilogram mass gains kinetic energy as it falls freely from rest a vertical distance, d. How far would a 2.0-kilogram mass have to fall freely from rest to gain the same amount of kinetic energy?

a) d/4 b) 2d c) d/2 d) d

18. The diagram below shows the initial charge and position of three identical metal spheres, X, Y, and Z, which have been placed on insulating stands. All three spheres are simultaneously brought into contact with each other and then returned to their original positions. Which statement best describes the charge of the spheres after this procedure is completed?

a) Each sphere has a net charge of +4 x 10-6 coulomb.

c) Each sphere retains the same charge that it had originally.

b) All the spheres are neutral. d) Sphere Y has a greater charge than spheres X or

Z.

19. Which diagram best represents the electric field of a point charge?

a) b)c)

d)

20. If 20. joules of work is done in transferring 5.0 coulombs of charge between two points, the potential difference between these two points is

a) 50. V b) 4.0 V c) 100 V d) 0.25 V

21. A 20.-ohm resistor has 40. coulombs passing through it in 5.0 seconds. The potential difference across the resistor is

a) 100 V b) 160 V c) 200 V d) 8.0 V

22. The diagram below shows a circuit in which a copper wire connects points A and B. The electrical

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resistance between points A and B can be decreased by

a) replacing the wire with a thicker copper wire of the same length

c) increasing the temperature of the copper wire

b) increasing the potential difference supplied by the battery

d) replacing the wire with a longer copper wire of

the same thickness

23. In the circuit diagram below, ammeter A measures the current supplied by the 10.-volt battery. The current measured by ammeter A is

a) 4.0 A b) 0.50 A c) 2.0 A d) 0.13 A

24. Which unit is equivalent to a watt, the SI unit of power?

a) joule/ohm b) joule/second c) joule/coulomb d) joule/volt

25. An electric fan draws 1.7 amperes of current when operated at a potential difference of 120 volts. How much electrical energy is needed to run this fan for 1 hour? [1 hour = 3600 seconds]

a) 2.5 x 105 J b) 7.3 x 105 J c) 7.1 x 101 J d) 2.0 x 102 J

26. Two solenoids are wound on soft iron cores and connected to batteries, as shown in the diagram below. When switches S1 and S2 are closed, the solenoids

a) attract because of adjacent north and south c) repel because of adjacent south poles

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poles

b) neither attract nor repel d) repel because of adjacent north poles

27. Which diagram below best represents the magnetic field near a bar magnet?

a) b)

c) d)

28. The diagram below shows a piston being moved back and forth to generate a wave. The piston produces a compression, C, every 0.50 second. The frequency of this wave is

a) 5.0 x 10-1 Hz b) 3.3 x 102 Hz c) 2.0 Hz d) 1.0 Hz

29. The diagram below represents lines of magnetic flux within a region of space. The magnetic field strength is greatest at point

a) D b) A c) C d) B

30. What is the angle between the direction of propagation of a transverse wave and the direction in which the amplitude of the wave is measured?

a) 90 degrees b) 0 degrees c) 45 degrees d) 180 degrees

31. The diagram below represents wave movement. Which two points are in phase?

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a) C and E b) D and F c) B and F d) A and G

32. In the diagram below, the distance between points A and B on a wave is 0.10 meter. This wave must have

a) an amplitude of 0.20 m c) a wavelength of 0.10 m

b) a wavelength of 0.20 m d) an amplitude of 0.10 m

33. Which diagram best represents the reflection of light from an irregular surface?

a) b) c) d)

34. A stationary radar gun can determine the speed of a pitched baseball by measuring the difference in frequency between incident and reflected radar waves. This process illustrates

a) diffraction b) the Doppler effect c) standing waves d) the critical angle

35. The diagram below represents a rope along which two pulses of equal amplitude, A, approach point P. When the two pulses meet at P, the vertical displacement of the rope at point P will be

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a) A b) 2A c) 0 d) A/2

36. In a vacuum, a monochromatic beam of light has a frequency of 6.3 x 1014 hertz. What color is the light?

a) blue b) green c) red d) yellow

37. When an opera singer hits a high-pitch note, a glass on the opposite side of the opera hall shatters. Which statement best explains this phenomenon?

a) The singer and glass are separated by an integral number of wavelengths.

c) The frequency of the note and natural vibration frequency of the glass are equal.

b) The vibrations of the note are polarized by the shape of the opera hall.

d) The amplitude of the note increases before it

reaches the glass.

38. A beam of light crosses a boundary between two different media. Refraction can occur if

a) the media have different indices of refraction c) there is no change in the speed of the wave

b) the angle of incidence is 0 degrees d) all of the light is reflected

39. What is the energy of a photon with a frequency of 5.0 x 1014 hertz?

a) 3.3 x 10-19 J b) 3.0 x 1048 J c) 3.2 x 10-6 eV d) 3.3 eV

40. The diagram below shows white light being dispersed as it passes from air into a glass prism. This phenomenon occurs because, in glass, each frequency of light has a different

a) amplitude b) intensity c) absolute index of refraction

d) angle of incidence

41. Which observation was made by Rutherford when he bombarded gold foil with alpha particles?

a) Alpha particles were deflected toward a positive electrode.

c) Some alpha particles were deflected by the gold foil.

b) Gold foil had no effect on the path of alpha d) Most alpha particles were scattered 180

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particles.degrees by the gold foil.

42. Which electron transition in the hydrogen atom results in the emission of a photon of greatest energy?

a) n = 5 to n = 3 b) n = 3 to n = 2 c) n = 4 to n = 2 d) n = 2 to n = 1

43. As the angle between a force and level ground decreases from 60 degrees to 30 degrees, the vertical component of the force

a) decreases b) remains the same c) can't be determined d) increases

44. In a baseball game, a batter hits a ball for a home run. Compared to the magnitude of the impulse imparted to the ball, the magnitude of the impulse imparted to the bat is

a) greater b) the same c) can't be determined d) less

45. As the mass of a body increases, its gravitational force of attraction on the Earth

a) can't be determined b) remains the same c) decreases d) increases

46. An interference pattern is observed as light passes through two closely spaced slits. As the distance between the two slits is decreased, the distance between adjacent bright bands in the interference pattern

a) remains the same b) decreases c) increases d) can't be determined

47. Base your answer on the following information. In the diagram below, a 10.-kilogram sphere, A, is projected horizontally with a velocity of 30. m/s due east from a height of 20. meters above level ground. At the same instant, a 20.-kilogram sphere, B, is projected horizontally with a velocity of 10.m/s due west from a height of 80. meters above level ground. [Neglect air friction.] Initially, the spheres are separated by a horizontal distance of 100. meters. What is the horizontal separation of the spheres at the end of 1.5 seconds?

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a) 30 m b) 40. m c) 15 m d) 45 m

48. Base your answer on the following information. In the diagram below, a 10.-kilogram sphere, A, is projected horizontally with a velocity of 30. m/s due east from a height of 20. meters above level ground. At the same instant, a 20.-kilogram sphere, B, is projected horizontally with a velocity of 10.m/s due west from a height of 80. meters above level ground. [Neglect air friction.] Initially, the spheres are separated by a horizontal distance of 100. meters. The magnitude of the horizontal acceleration of sphere A is

a) 0.0 m/s2 b) 2.0 m/s2 c) 15 m/s2 d) 9.8 m/s2

49. Base your answer on the following information. In the diagram below, a 10.-kilogram sphere, A, is projected horizontally with a velocity of 30. m/s due east from a height of 20. meters above level ground. At the same instant, a 20.-kilogram sphere, B, is projected horizontally with a velocity of 10.m/s due west from a height of 80. meters above level ground. [Neglect air friction.] Initially, the spheres are separated by a horizontal distance of 100. meters. Compared to the vertical acceleration of sphere A, the vertical acceleration of sphere B is

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a) twice as great b) one-half as great c) the same d) four times as great

50. Base your answer on the following information. The diagram shows a 5.0-kilogram cart traveling clockwise in a horizontal circle of radius 2.0 meters at a constant speed of 4.0 m/s. At the position shown, the velocity of the cart is directed toward point

a) P b) S c) Q d) R

51. Base your answer on the following information. The diagram shows a 5.0-kilogram cart traveling clockwise in a horizontal circle of radius 2.0 meters at a constant speed of 4.0 m/s. At the position shown, the centripetal acceleration of the cart is directed toward point

a) Q b) P c) R d) S

52. Base your answer on the following information. The diagram shows a 5.0-kilogramcart traveling clockwise in a horizontal circle of radius 2.0 meters at a constant speed of 4.0 m/s. If the mass of the cart was doubled, the magnitude of the centripetal acceleration of the cart would be

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a) doubled b) unchanged c) quadrupled d) halved

53. Base your answer on the following information. The diagram shows a 5.0-kilogramcart traveling clockwise in a horizontal circle of radius 2.0 meters at a constant speed of 4.0 m/s. What is the magnitude of the centripetal force acting on the cart?

a) 40. N b) 50. N c) 8.0 N d) 20. N

54. What would occur as a result of the frictional drag of the atmosphere on an artificial satellite orbiting the Earth?

a) The satellite would decrease in speed and escape the gravitational field of the Earth.

c) The satellite would decrease in speed and spiral toward the Earth.

b) The satellite would increase in speed and escape the gravitational field of the Earth.

d) The satellite would increase in speed and spiral

toward the Earth.

55. A cannon with a muzzle velocity of 500. m/s fires a cannonball at an angle of 30. degrees above the horizontal. What is the vertical component of the cannonball's velocity as it leaves the cannon?

a) 500. m/s b) 0.0 m/s c) 250. m/s d) 433 m/s

56. Satellites A and B are orbiting the Earth in circular orbits as shown below. The mass of satellite A is twice as great as the mass of satellite B. Earth has radius R. Compared to the orbital period of satellite A, the orbital period of satellite B is

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a) shorter b) the same c) longer d) can't be determined

57. The torque on the armature of an operating electric motor may be increased by

a) increasing the distance between the armature and the field poles

c) decreasing the magnetic field strength of the field poles

b) increasing the potential difference applied to the armature

d) decreasing the current in the armature

58. In an operating practical motor, the magnetic field produced by the current-carrying coil is strengthened and concentrated by the

a) iron core b) field pole c) split-ring commutatord) back emf

59. The diagram below represents an electron beam entering the region between two oppositely charged parallel plates. In which direction will the beam of electrons be deflected?

a) out of the page b) toward the bottom of the page

c) toward the top of the page

d) into the page

60. The charge-to-mass ratio of an electron is

a) 1.8 x 1011 C/kg b) 9.1 x 10-31 C/kg c) 1.6 x 10-19 C/kg d) 5.7 x 10-12 C/kg

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61. A truck has the letters OWOW painted on the front of its hood. A person in a car driving ahead of the truck views these letters in the rear-view mirror. How do the letters appear?

a) WOWO b) MOMO c) OWOW d) OMOM

62. As an object is moved from 0.2 meter to 0.3 meter away from a plane mirror, the image distance

a) remains the same b) increases c) can't be determined d) decreases

63. The force that holds the nucleons of an atom together is

a) weak and long-ranged c) strong and long-ranged

b) weak and short-ranged d) strong and short-ranged

64. If the mass defect for nucleus X is larger than the mass defect for nucleus Y, then nucleus X has

a) can't be determined c) the same binding energy as nucleus

b) a larger binding energy than nucleus Y d) a smaller binding energy than nucleus Y

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