ANALYTIC PSYCHOLOGY

CARL GUSTAV JUNG1875 - 1961

Carl G. Jung: Analytic Psychology

Carl Jung (lower right) and Sigmund Freud (lower left)1908, Clark UniversityWorcester, MA, USA.

Freud & Jung relaxing with friends at a Turkish banya during a psychoanalysts' retreat , ca. 1907.

Analytic Psychology: Main Theories

Main Theories Definitions

Nature and purpose of the libido

A generalize source of psychic energy motivating a range of behaviours

Nature of the unconscious

A storehouse of repressed memories specific to the individual and our ancestral past

Cause of behaviour

Past experience in addition to future aspiration

Analytic Psychology: Theories

The Psyche Definitions

Conscious Ego self awareness, the personal sense of identity

Personal Unconsciousthe accumulation of experiences from a person's lifetime that could not be consciously recalled

● Complexesemotion-laden themes from a person's life (strenght, affection, inferiority complex… etc.)

Collective Unconscious(psychic inheritance)

a sort of universal inheritance of human beings, a "species memory" passed on to each of us (archetypes)

Archetypes

● The contents of the collective unconscious

● An archetype is an unlearned tendency to experience things in a certain way.

● The archetype has no form of its own, but acts as an "organising principle" on the things we see or do.

Archetypes Definitions

The Mother Our built-in ability to recognize a certain relationship, that of "mothering"

Mana Deep meanings of the symbols

The Persona (Mask)

● Our public image● The different social masks worn in different situations ● Form of protections

The Shadow● Our pre-human, animal past● The dark side of the ego

Anima & Animus● Anima is the female aspect present in the collective unconscious of men● Animus is the male aspect present in the collective unconscious of

women

Self● the ultimate unity of the personality● The most important archetype of all is the self

Archetypes: The Self● Symbolized by the circle, the

cross, and mandala figures● Each person possesses an

inherited tendency to move toward growth, perfection, and completion. He called this innate disposition “the self”

● It pulls together the other archetypes and unites them in the process of self-realization.

Archetypes● There are no fixed numbers

of archetypes.

● Some of them are; father, family, child, the hero, wise man, animal, trickster, original man, god, hermaphrodite…

Dynamics of the Psyche: 3 Principles

The Principle of Opposites

Every wish immediately suggests its opposite. In order to have a concept of good, you must have a concept of bad.

The Principle of Equivalence

The energy created from the opposition is "given" to both sides equally.

The Principle of EntropyEnergy decreases over a lifetime - oppositions come together.

Process of the Personality Development

Individuationthe process of transforming one’s psyche by bringing the personal and collective unconscious into conscious

Self-realization the continued development and unification of the personality

Transcendent function

the unification of the various elements of personality by the self (e.g., seeking one’s purpose in life)

Personality TypesAttitudes Functions

Introversion: focused inward Sensing: getting information by means of the senses.

Extraversion: focused outward Thinking: evaluating information or ideas rationally, logically.

Intuiting: a kind of perception that works outside of the usual conscious processes.

Feeling: a matter of evaluating information, by weighing one's overall, emotional response.

8 Jungian Psychological Types

Function-Attitude Definition

1. Extraverted SensingOutward and active focus on the objective world and on gathering factual data and sensory experiences.

2. Introverted SensingInward and reflective focus on subjective sensory experiences and on the storing of factual historical data.

3. Extraverted IntuitionOutward and active focus on the new, the possibilities and meanings/ patterns in the objective world.

4. Introverted IntuitionInward and reflective focus on the subjective world of symbols, meanings, insight and patterns that come up from the unconscious.

8 Jungian Psychological Types

4. Extraverted ThinkingOutward and active focus on applying logical order to the objective world through building structure, organization and making decisions.

5. Introverted ThinkingInward and reflective focus on the subjective world of reason that seeks understanding through finding the logical principles behind phenomena.

6. Extraverted Feeling

Outward and active focus on bringing order to the objective world through building and seeking harmony with others and alignment with openly expressed values.

7. Introverted Feeling

Inward and reflective focus on the subjective world of deeply felt values that seeks harmony through alignment of personal behavior with those values and evaluation of phenomena in light of those values.

Thomas J. Golatz, www.capt.org

Myers-Briggs Personality Test (MBTI Type)

● 16 different personality types:Extraverted - IntrovertedSensing - Intuitive Thinking - FeelingJudging - Perceiving

http://www.16personalities.com/personality-typeshttp://www.truity.com/view/types http://www.humanmetrics.com/cgi-win/JTypes1.htm

Jung: Positive Aspects● Collective unconscious to explain some societal effects● Encourages non-empirical analysis “people are not machines”● Acceptance that many people do have strong beliefs in spiritualism and to access their

psychology may require the utilisation of a similar world-view ie utilisation of their belief system

● Introduction of dominant modalities● Multiple categorisation / characterisation lending itself easily to image generation● Tests to determine personality and encouragement of self-awareness (because they do not

assign good / bad labels)● The archetypes reflect some fundamental aspects of human psychology● Emphasised differentiation between child and adult development - children seek diversity -

adults seek integration● Broadness of interpretation - consideration of the whole itself rather than examining only the

components in isolation - free association analysis - anything can mean anything● Introversion & extroversion - now popular terms● Complexes - the idea that issues can converge and develop an existence of their own● Principle of opposites which can be used to explain that it is normal for every wish to suggest

its opposite

Thank you for your attention!

sources● http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/jung.html● http://www.changingstates.co.uk/jung.html● http://www.intropsych.com/ch11_personality/jungs_theory.html● http://sulcus.berkeley.edu/flm/SH/MDL/GAL/GalDisChapts/

galdis.chapter1.html