kalman filter(4.1~4.2) 응용디지털 실험실 20087180 배병진. 목차 4. linear optimal...

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Page 1: Kalman Filter(4.1~4.2) 응용디지털 실험실 20087180 배병진. 목차 4. Linear Optimal Filters and Predictors 4.1 CHAPTER FOCUS 4.1.1 Estimation Problem 4.1.2 Main Points

Kalman Filter(4.1~4.2)

응용디지털 실험실20087180배병진

Page 2: Kalman Filter(4.1~4.2) 응용디지털 실험실 20087180 배병진. 목차 4. Linear Optimal Filters and Predictors 4.1 CHAPTER FOCUS 4.1.1 Estimation Problem 4.1.2 Main Points

목차4. Linear Optimal Filters and Predictors 4.1 CHAPTER FOCUS 4.1.1 Estimation Problem 4.1.2 Main Points to Be Covered

4.2 KALMAN FILTER 4.2.1 Summary of Equations for the Discrete-Time

Kalman Estimator 4.2.2 Treating Vector Measurements with

Uncorrelated Errors as Scalars 4.2.3 Using the Covariance Equations for Design

Analysis

Page 3: Kalman Filter(4.1~4.2) 응용디지털 실험실 20087180 배병진. 목차 4. Linear Optimal Filters and Predictors 4.1 CHAPTER FOCUS 4.1.1 Estimation Problem 4.1.2 Main Points

4.1.1 Estimation Problem

• state linear functions 인 measurements 를 가지고 , linear stochastic system

의 상태를 예측하는 문제이다 .

Page 4: Kalman Filter(4.1~4.2) 응용디지털 실험실 20087180 배병진. 목차 4. Linear Optimal Filters and Predictors 4.1 CHAPTER FOCUS 4.1.1 Estimation Problem 4.1.2 Main Points

4.1.2 Main Points to Be Covered

• Linear Quadratic Gaussian Estimation Problem.

• Filtering, Prediction, and Smoothing. (3 estimator) ▾ Predictors 는 예상한 dynamic system 의 상태의 그 이전 시간의   observations 를 정확히 사용한다 . ▾ Filters 는 예상한 dynamic system 의 상태의 그 시간 이후와 그 시간을 포함한 observations 를 사용한다 . ▾ Smoothers 는 예상한 dynamic system 의 상태의 그 시간을 초과한   observations 를 사용한다 .

• Orthogonality Principle.( 직교 원리 )

• Unbiased Estimators.( 공평한 estimators)

• Performance Properties of Optimal Estimators.

Page 5: Kalman Filter(4.1~4.2) 응용디지털 실험실 20087180 배병진. 목차 4. Linear Optimal Filters and Predictors 4.1 CHAPTER FOCUS 4.1.1 Estimation Problem 4.1.2 Main Points

4.2 Kalman Filter

• Observational Update Problem for System State Estimator.

    의 방정식에 의해 그 상태와 선형적인 관계

• Estimator in Linear Form.

• Optimization Problem.

Page 6: Kalman Filter(4.1~4.2) 응용디지털 실험실 20087180 배병진. 목차 4. Linear Optimal Filters and Predictors 4.1 CHAPTER FOCUS 4.1.1 Estimation Problem 4.1.2 Main Points

4.2.1 Summary of Equations for the Discrete-Time Kalman Estimator

Page 7: Kalman Filter(4.1~4.2) 응용디지털 실험실 20087180 배병진. 목차 4. Linear Optimal Filters and Predictors 4.1 CHAPTER FOCUS 4.1.1 Estimation Problem 4.1.2 Main Points

4.2.1 Summary of Equations for the Discrete-Time Kalman Estimator

Page 8: Kalman Filter(4.1~4.2) 응용디지털 실험실 20087180 배병진. 목차 4. Linear Optimal Filters and Predictors 4.1 CHAPTER FOCUS 4.1.1 Estimation Problem 4.1.2 Main Points

4.2.1 Summary of Equations for the Discrete-Time Kalman

Estimator

Page 9: Kalman Filter(4.1~4.2) 응용디지털 실험실 20087180 배병진. 목차 4. Linear Optimal Filters and Predictors 4.1 CHAPTER FOCUS 4.1.1 Estimation Problem 4.1.2 Main Points

4.2.2 Treating Vector Measurements with Uncorrelated Errors as Scalars

• vector measurments 로 고려하기보다 오히려 독립적인 scalar measurements 로 z 의 요소들을 고려 .

• 이점은 ? 1. 줄어든 계산 시간 2. 개선된 수적 정확성

Page 10: Kalman Filter(4.1~4.2) 응용디지털 실험실 20087180 배병진. 목차 4. Linear Optimal Filters and Predictors 4.1 CHAPTER FOCUS 4.1.1 Estimation Problem 4.1.2 Main Points

4.2.2 Treating Vector Measurements with Uncorrelated Errors as Scalars

• 필터의 실행

Page 11: Kalman Filter(4.1~4.2) 응용디지털 실험실 20087180 배병진. 목차 4. Linear Optimal Filters and Predictors 4.1 CHAPTER FOCUS 4.1.1 Estimation Problem 4.1.2 Main Points

4.2.3 Using the Covariance Equations for Design Analysis

• 칼만 게인과 에러 conariance 방정식은 실제 관측값들이 서로 독립적임

• covariance calculations 에 쓰이는 것 -plant noise covariance matrix Q -measurement noise covariance matrix R, -state transition matrix -measurement sensitivity matrix H -initial covariance matrix P0