kansas state university biological and agricultural engineering department comparison of off-target...
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![Page 1: Kansas State University Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department Comparison of Off-Target Deposits for Conventional Spray Nozzles and Venturi](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070403/56649f2a5503460f94c44e39/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Kansas State University Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department
Comparison of Off-Target Deposits for Conventional Spray Nozzles
and Venturi Nozzles
Robert Wolf Biological and Agricultural Engineering Dept.
Dallas Peterson and Cathy Minihan Department of Agronomy
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Kansas State University Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department
New Technology for the Spray Industry
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Kansas State University Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department
Nozzle is still an important part of the application process!
Determines the application rate
Determines the uniformity Determines the coverage Determines the drift potential
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Kansas State University Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department
What’s new in nozzle technology? Nozzles designed to reduce drift Improved drop size control
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Kansas State University Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department
Air-Induction/Venturi NozzlesWhere air is drawn into the nozzle
cavity and exits with the fluid.
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Kansas State University Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department
Example Design -TurboDrop Dual Air inlet/venturi Mixing Chamber - air and
spray solution blended Pattern contains large
air-bubble drops Better Penetration???? Reduced run-off????? Improved coverage?????
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Kansas State University Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department
1/2 of spray volume = larger droplets1/2 of spray volume = larger droplets
VMDVMD
1/2 of spray volume = smaller droplets1/2 of spray volume = smaller droplets
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Kansas State University Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department
What to Expect in the Future?
Example Reference Graph
Cumulative Volume Fraction
0.1 0.5 0.9
Dro
p S
ize
(mic
rons
)
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
very fine/ fine fine/mediummedium/ coarsecoarse/ very coarsevery coarse/ extremely coarse
VF
F
M
CVC
XC
Match the crop protection product to the target
Adhere to label guidelines based on an industry standard – ASAE X-572
Maximize Efficacy and Minimize drift
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Kansas State University Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department
![Page 10: Kansas State University Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department Comparison of Off-Target Deposits for Conventional Spray Nozzles and Venturi](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070403/56649f2a5503460f94c44e39/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Kansas State University Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department
Objectives of this study:
Compare drift characteristics of conventional vs. air induction -venturi style nozzles
Determine if the DropletScan software will provide quick and useful information regarding drift for various nozzle types.
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Kansas State University Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department
What is DropletScan ?
A software program that will allow accurate and rapid measure of spray droplet impressions on water-sensitive paper.
Developed at K-State by Devore Systems - modeled after ‘Crumbscan’, a software program to determine hole sizes in slices of bread.
Marketed by WRK for specific use in aerial applications spray analysis concentrating on spray droplet characterization.
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Kansas State University Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department
DropletScan is Field Ready & Simple!
System ComponentsSystem Components
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Kansas State University Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department
Procedures Involved:
Use the spot cards during spray run to collect spray that travels out of target area– horizontal and vertical
Scan cards and analyze by software Droplet stains are measured Spread factors are used for material sprayed Equivalent droplet diameter is calculated
– % target area being covered– application rate
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Kansas State University Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department
Basic system processes:
Acquiring an image from water sensitive paper or other color contrasting material.
2-step process– Low resolution– High resolution
Select report options
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Kansas State University Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department
Sample Printout
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Kansas State University Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department
Sample Printout
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Kansas State University Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department
Sample Printout
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Kansas State University Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department
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Kansas State University Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department
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Kansas State University Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department
Spray Characteristics are Important to Understand:
Click on spray to see video
Demonstrates Turbo Flat vs TurboDrop-5 MPH Wind
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Kansas State University Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department
Drop Data Descriptions:
Dv0.1 (µm) - 10% of the spray volume in drops < number reported
Dv0.5 (µm) - 50% of the spray volume in drops < number reported(also is VMD- volume median diameter)
Dv0.9 (µm) - 90% of the spray volume in drops < number reported
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Kansas State University Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department
Study With 3-Parts involving Air Induction Venturi Nozzles and Droplet Scan Analysis:
Comparing On Target(under the boom) Droplet Characteristics – Reported at 1999 ASAE Summer Meeting – paper # 991026.
Field Efficacy/Drift Study – Reported in Successful Farming Magazine, Nov. 99 vol. 97, #12 pp. 46-8.
Drift Comparison Analysis – NCWSS ‘99
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Kansas State University Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department
Materials and Methods for all 3 parts:
3 conventional nozzles 4 air-induction/venturi 138, 276, 551 kPa 76 L/A, 76cm, 51cm
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Kansas State University Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department
Part #1 - Sample of an under boom collection:
Passed sprayer over a collector board with five equally spaced water-sensitve cards attached.
5 cards were collected for each of the 7 nozzles at each pressure.
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Kansas State University Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department
Part #2 -Air-Induction/Venturi
Nozzle Efficacy Study May 1999
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Kansas State University Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department
Part #2 – Plot Layout
3 reps, 7 nozzles, 3 psi’s
20 GPA, Gromoxone, 10’ boom
5’ buffer
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Kansas State University Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department
Part #3 – Drift Collector Study:
2 ft.
Center Line of SprayTower Vertical
Collector
Horizontal Collector
8 ft.
3 ft.
4 ft.
9 ft.10 ft.
1 ft.
Card Holder
8 ft.
4 ft.
Wind direction
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Kansas State University Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department
Example of a collection:
Sprayed past a collector board and tower with six equally spaced water-sensitve cards attached.
3 cards were collected horizontal and 3 cards were collected vertical for each nozzle at 138, 276, and 551 kPa pressure.
2 passes per collection
Horizontal Vertical
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Kansas State University Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department
XR Flat-fan @138-276-551 kPa Turbodrop XL @138-276-551 kPa
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Kansas State University Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department
Results and Discussion
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Kansas State University Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department
Findings for Part #3: DropletScan does appear to be a
software program that will provide quick and useful information regarding drift for various nozzle types.
Data supports that drift potential is less with the venturi nozzles compared to the conventional nozzles.
The collection technique needs to be fine-tuned to make better use of the data collection possibilities.
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Kansas State University Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department
May be advantages to analyzing the spray droplet at the target site rather than as it leaves the spray tip.
Will measure stains as small as 50 microns.
Good analysis of lower application rates and driftable size fines.
Important to note that:
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Kansas State University Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department
Important to note that:
Humid/moist conditions currently will not allow system to be effective.
Even though the wind confused the data in this study, wind does have a major affect on deposition and drift and must be factored in for each application scenario.
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Kansas State University Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department
Thanks