karachi2 tcm

7/29/2019 karachi2 tcm

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Alan Doherty Linlithgow Academy ( photos )Malcolm McDonald Bathgate Academy


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Karachi Management of Urban Change

APPLICATIONManagement of urban change

Population growth,industry,housing,services,quality of lifeand inequalities which arise in

a city in the developing world


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ARABIAN

SEA

LYARI

RIVER

MALIR

RIVER

0 Scale

North Karachi

Korangi

SITE

Industri al

Mohammed

Nagar

Defence Housing

Lyari

Orangi

Li aquat

Land Use in Karachi

Shanty towns


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How many people in Karachi ?1833 Small fishing village

14000 Size of Bathgate !!!1941 Industrial development436000 Size of Edinburgh1951 In-migration from India

12900001991 ( Afghanistan civil war )

8.5 million Scotland = 5million


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How do katchi abadis grow ?

Older Katchi Abadis -Lyari 600000Migrants from countryside

Getting more densely packed

No planning at all

Filling up empty spaces

Building on roof

Services are acquired


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Illegal subdivisionsDallal acquires land

Sub lets to slum dwellers

Arranges water supplies

Protects residents from eviction

Once big enough it is safe


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Organised InvasionsPoorer people cant pay rent

Pick out a site

Occupy it in the evening

Build houses on it at night

Try to prevent demolition


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What are the houses like ?

Very temporaryMade of reedsAnd wooden poles

TemporaryMore wood

ProlongedConcrete bricks

Semi permanentPlastered walls

Permanent

Can add extra storey


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Inequalities ?DEFENCE HOUSING

Architect designed

Car owners

Water 2 hrs per day

Water use = 10%For 0.5% population

LYARI Katchi AbadiPoor quality diy

Walk to work

Water standpipe

or water bowser

Public toilets

garbage not

collected


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Solutions Success or Failure ?IRP

Improvement and Regularisation Programme

Survey of all unauthorised katchi abadis to

see if they could be improved.

Secure land tenure

Improvement of public utilities

Development of a financial plan

FailureNot enough cash


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Solutions Success or Failure ?OPD

Open Plot Development

Residents build own houses

WORKSHOPS

HEALTHCENTRE

80 sqYDS

SCHOOL

WATER SUPPLY

ELECTRICITY SUPPLY

WORKSHOPS

Community facilitiesPublicutilities


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Solutions Success or Failure ?UWD

Utility Wall Development

Limited success

very few built


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Solutions SuccessORANGI Katchi Abadi

In NW Karachi home of 1,000,000 shanty dwellers

Diseases like typhoid, malaria,diarrhoea,dysentery scabies

Many live 5 to a room

20% of babies dont reach their first birthday

Karachi Development Corporation cannot

organise services..... no taxes paid by many residents

1500 people died in riots in 1995-96


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Solutions SuccessORANGI PILOT PROJECT

In 1980 the OPP began, to try to develop andimprove basic services, particularly sanitation.

The residents are managing, financing, operating

and maintaining an underground sewerage system.Installation of septic tanks between each toiletand the underground sewage pipes

Residents have collected over 1.2 million

Literacy rates up from 35% to 70%

Infant mortality fallen from 130 per 1000 to 37

SUCCESS


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Karachi Skyline


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Street in Karachi


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Laundry


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Brickworks

B l


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Bowser water lorry


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Water queue

G b d


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Garbage dump

K hi b di h i


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Katchi abadi housing

D f h i


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Defence housing


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Mobile home ?

U f t


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Use of water

Middl Cl h


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Middle Class house

Middl Cl h ith d


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Middle Class house with garden

karachi2 tcm

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