kazi nazrul university, asansol scheme and syllabus under

Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol

SCHEME AND SYLLABUS UNDER CHOICE BASED CREDIT SYSTEM B.Sc. WITH ZOOLOGY

CORE COURSE (12) Ability Enhancement Compulsory

Courses AEC (2)

Skill Enhancement

Courses SEC (4)

Discipline Specific Elective DSE (4)

I CC- Botany I CC-Zoology I CC- Chemistry I

Environmental

Science

II CC- Botany II CC-Zoology II CC- Chemistry II

MIL/ Alternative English (AECC-2),

Elective

III CC- Botany III CC-Zoology III CC- Chemistry III

SEC-I

IV CC- Botany IV CC-Zoology IV CC- Chemistry IV

SEC-II

V SEC-III DSE-Botany I DSE-Zoology I

DSE-Chemistry I

VI SEC-IV DSE-Botany II DSE-Zoology II

DSE-Chemistry II

CBCS Undergraduate Program in Zoology : 2016 Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol

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Discipline Core Courses: Zoology (SEM I to IV)

1. Animal Diversity 2. Comparative Anatomy and Developmental Biology of Vertebrates 3. Physiology and Biochemistry 4. Genetics and Evolutionary Biology

Discipline Specific Electives: Zoology (Any two: SEM V & VI)

1. Animal Behaviour & Chronobiology 2. Biology of Insecta 3. Parasitology 4. Aquatic Biology 5. Immunology 6. Fish & Fisheries 7. Wild life conservation & management Skill Enhancement Courses: Zoology (Any four: SEM III to VI)

1. Apiculture 2. Aquarium Fish Keeping 3. Research Methodology 4. Sericulture 5. Quantification Techniques


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CORE COURSE-I ANIMAL DIVERSITY

THEORY (CREDITS4) Unit 1: Kingdom Protista 04 General characters and classification up to classes; Locomotory Organelles and locomotion in Paramecium Unit 2: Phylum Porifera 04

General characteristics and Classification upto classes, Canal system and spicules

in sponges

Unit 3: Phylum Cnidaria 03 General characters and classification up to classes; Polymorphism in Hydrozoa Unit 4: Phylum Platyhelminthes 03 General characters and classification up to classes; Life history of Taenia solium Unit 5: Phylum Nemathelminthes 05 General characters and classification up to classes; Life history of Ascaris lumbricoides

Unit 6: Phylum Annelida 03 General characters and classification up to classes; Metamerism in Annelida

Unit 7: Phylum Arthropoda 05 General characters and classification up to classes; Metamorphosis in Insects, Structure of omatidium Unit 8: Phylum Mollusca 04 General characters and classification up to classes; Ctenidium and Pulmonary Sac in Pila Unit 9: Phylum Echinodermata 04 General characters and classification up to classes; Water-vascular system in Asteroidea Unit 10: Protochordates 02 General features and Phylogeny of Protochordata Unit 11: Agnatha 02 General features of Agnatha and classification of cyclostomes up to classes

Unit 12: Pisces 04 General features and Classification up to orders; Osmoregulation in Fishes

Unit 13: Amphibia 04 General features and Classification up to orders; Parental care


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Unit 14: Reptiles 04 General features and Classification up to orders; Poisonous and non-poisonous snakes, Biting mechanism in vipers Unit 15: Aves 05 General features and Classification up to subclass; Air sacs & Respiration in Columba

Unit 16: Mammals 05 Classification up to subclass; Origin of mammals Note: Classification of Unit 1-9 to be followed from “Barnes, R.D. (1982). Invertebrate Zoology, V Edition” & for 12 Nelson, J. S. Fishes of the World (2006) PRACTICAL (CREDITS 2) 1. Study of the following specimens: Amoeba, Paramecium, Scypha, Obelia, Physalia, Taenia solium, Male and female Ascaris lumbricoides, Aphrodite, Nereis, Pheretima, Hirudinaria, Macrobrachium, Carcinoscorpius, Julus, Periplaneta, Apis dorsata, Chiton, Pila, Lamellidens, Loligo, Sepia, Octopus, Ophiura, Echinus, Cucumaria and Antedon, Balanoglossus, Branchiostoma, Petromyzon, Pristis, Torpedo, Catla Exocoetus, Ichthyophis, Salamandra, Duttaphyrnus, Rachophorus, Hemidactylus, Chamaeleon, Draco, Calotes, Vipera, Naja,Psittacula, Passer, Pycnonotus, Alcedo, Pteropus, Funambulus, Suncus. 2. Study of the following permanent slides: Study of life history stages of Taenia, T.S. of Male and female Ascaris 3. An “animal album” containing photographs, cut outs, with appropriate write up about the above mentioned taxa. SUGGESTED READINGS 1. Ruppert and Barnes, R.D. (2006). Invertebrate Zoology, VIII Edition. Holt

SaundersInternational Edition. 2. Barnes, R.S.K., Calow, P., Olive, P.J.W., Golding, D.W. and Spicer, J.I. (2002).

TheInvertebrates: A New Synthesis, III Edition, Blackwell Science 3. Young, J. Z. (2004). The Life of Vertebrates. III Edition. Oxford university press. 4. Pough H. Vertebrate life, VIII Edition, Pearson International 5. Hall B.K. and Hallgrimsson B. (2008). Strickberger’s Evolution. IV Edition. Jones

andBartlett Publishers Inc. 6. Nelson, J. S. (2006). Fishes of the World, Wily


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CORE COURSE- II

COMPARATIVE ANATOMY AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY OF VERTEBRATES

THEORY (CREDITS 4) Unit 1: Integumentary System 04 Integument: general structure and its derivatives in mammals Unit 2: Skeletal System 03 Types of visceral arches Unit 3: Digestive System 04 Structure and Function of Bovine Ruminant Stomach Unit 4: Respiratory System 05 Brief account of Gills, Accessory Respiratory Organs in Fishes Unit 5: Circulatory System 04 Evolution of heart and aortic arches Unit 6: Urinogenital System 04 Types of kidneys, Urinogenital ducts in vertebrates Unit 7: Nervous System 03 Comparative account of brain in carp, toad, Garden Lizard and Pigeon Unit 8: Sense Organs 03 Functions of different types of sensory receptors in fish and reptiles Unit 9: Early Embryonic Development 12 Gametogenesis: Spermatogenesis and oogenesis w.r.t. mammals, vitellogenesis in birds; Fertilization: external (amphibians), internal (mammals), blocks to polyspermy; early development of frog (structure of mature egg and its membranes, patterns of cleavage, fate map, up to formation of gastrula). Unit 10: Late Embryonic Development 10 Formation of human placenta and functions, other types of placenta on the basis of histology; Metamorphic events in frog life cycle and its hormonal regulation. Unit 11: Genetic Control of Development with Inborn Errors 08 Chromosome Changes in Human (Numerical and Structural) with reference to Down syndrome, Turner syndrome, Klinefelter syndrome & Thalassemia


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PRACTICAL (CREDITS 2) 1. Osteology:

i) Skull: Toad, Pigeon, Guinea pig. ii) Vertebrae, Girdles: Toad, Pigeon, Guinea pig. iii) Limb Bones: Toad

2. Frog - Study of developmental stages - whole mounts and sections through permanent slides – cleavage stages, blastula, gastrula, neurula, tail bud stage, tadpole external and internal gill stages.

3. Study of the different types of placenta- histological sections through permanent slides or photomicrographs.

4. Examination of gametes - frog/rat - sperm and ova through permanent slides or photomicrographs.

5. Study of developmental stages in Chick embryo (24, 48, 72 h) SUGGESTED READINGS 1. Kardong, K.V. (2005) Vertebrates’ Comparative Anatomy, Function and Evolution.

IV Edition. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. 2. Kent, G.C. and Carr R.K. (2000). Comparative Anatomy of the Vertebrates. IX

Edition.The McGraw-Hill Companies. 3. Hilderbrand, M and Gaslow G.E. Analysis of Vertebrate Structure, John Wiley and

Sons. 4. Walter, H.E. and Sayles, L.P; Biology of Vertebrates, Khosla Publishing House. 5. Gilbert, S. F. (2006). Developmental Biology, VIII Edition, Sinauer Associates, Inc.,

Publishers, Sunderland, Massachusetts, USA. 6. Balinsky, B.I. (2008). An introduction to Embryology, International Thomson

ComputerPress. 7. Carlson, Bruce M (1996). Patten’s Foundations of Embryology, McGraw Hill, Inc

CBCS Undergraduate Program in Zoology 2016

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CORE COURSE -III PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY

THEORY (CREDITS 4) Unit 1: Nerve and Muscle 08 Structure of a neuron, action potential and its propagation in myelinated and non-myelinated nerve fibres, Molecular and chemical basis of muscle contraction Unit 2: Digestion 05 Physiology of digestion in the alimentary canal; Absorption of lipids Unit 3: Respiration 05 Transport of Oxygen and carbon dioxide in mammalian blood Unit 4: Excretion 05 Structure of nephron, Mechanism of Urine formation, Counter-current Mechanism Unit 5: Cardiovascular system 06 Composition of blood, Hemostasis, Structure of Heart, Origin and conduction of the cardiac impulse, cardiac cycle Unit 6: Reproduction and Endocrine Glands 07 Spermatogenesis, Oogenesis & hormonal controls; menstrual cycle and hormonal control, Structure and function of pituitary, thyroid, Parathyroid, pancreas and adrenal Unit 7: Carbohydrate Metabolism 08 Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, Pentose phosphate pathway, Gluconeogenesis, Glycogen metabolism, Review of electron transport chain Unit 8: Lipid Metabolism 05 Biosynthesis and β oxidation of palmitic acid Unit 9: Protein metabolism 05 Transamination, Deamination and Urea Cycle Unit 10: Enzymes 06 Introduction, Mechanism of action, Enzyme Kinetics, Inhibition and Regulation PRACTICAL (CREDITS 2) 1. Preparation of hemin crystals from 2. Staining of Blood-film of Man. 3. Study of permanent histological sections of mammalian pituitary, thyroid, pancreas,

adrenal gland 4. Study of permanent slides of liver, lung, kidney 5. Qualitative tests to identify carbohydrates in given solutions (Glucose, Fructose &

Sucrose,) 6. Estimation of total protein in given solutions by Lowry’s method. SUGGESTED READINGS 1. Tortora, G.J. and Derrickson, B.H. (2009). Principles of Anatomy and Physiology, XII

Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2. Widmaier, E.P., Raff, H. and Strang, K.T. (2008) Vander’s Human Physiology, XI

Edition., McGraw Hill


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3. Guyton, A.C. And Hall, J.E. (2011). Textbook of Medical Physiology, XII Edition, Harcourt Asia Pvt. Ltd/ W.B. Saunders Company

4. Berg, J. M., Tymoczko, J. L. and Stryer, L. (2006). Biochemistry. VI Edition. W.H Freeman and Co.

5. Nelson, D. L., Cox, M. M. and Lehninger, A.L. (2009). Principles of Biochemistry. IV Edition. W.H. Freeman and Co.

6. Murray, R.K., Grinner, D.K., Mayes, P.A. and Rodwell, V.W. (2009). Harper’sIllustrated Biochemistry. XXVIII Edition. Lange Medical Books/Mc Graw3Hill.


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CORE COURSE- IV GENETICS AND EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY

THEORY (CREDITS 4) Unit 1: Introduction to Genetics 03 Mendel’s work on transmission of traits, Genetic Variation, Molecular basis of Genetic Information Unit 2: Mendelian Genetics and its Extension 08 Principles of Inheritance, Chromosome theory of inheritance, Incomplete dominance and co- dominance, Multiple alleles, Lethal alleles, Epistasis, Pleiotropy, sex linked inheritance, extra-chromosomal inheritance, Chi Square test Unit 3: Linkage, Crossing Over and Chromosomal Mapping 09 Linkage and crossing over, Recombination frequency as a measure of linkage intensity, two factor and three factor crosses Unit 4: Mutations 07 Chromosomal Mutations: Deletion, Duplication, Inversion, Translocation, Aneuploidy and Polyploidy; Gene mutations: Induced versus Spontaneous mutations Unit 5: Sex Determination 04 Chromosomal mechanisms, dosage compensation Unit 6: History of Life 02 Origin of Life Unit 7: Introduction to Evolutionary Theories 05 Lamarckism, Darwinism, Neo-Darwinism Unit 8: Direct Evidences of Evolution 05 Types of fossils, Incompleteness of fossil record, Phylogeny of horse Unit 9: Processes of Evolutionary Change 09 Organic variations; Isolating Mechanisms; Natural selection (Example: Industrial melanism); Types of natural selection (Directional, Stabilizing, Disruptive) Unit 10: Species Concept 06 Biological species concept (Advantages and Limitations); Modes of speciation (Allopatric, Sympatric) Unit 11: Macro-Evolution 05 Macro-evolutionary Principles (example: Darwin’s Finches) Unit 12: Extinction 06 Mass extinction (Causes, Names of five major extinctions, K-T extinction in detail), Role of extinction in evolution PRACTICAL (CREDITS 2) 1. Study of Mendelian Inheritance using suitable examples. Verify the results using Chi-

square test. 2. Study of gene mapping using the data. 3. Study of Human Karyotypes (normal and abnormal).


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4. Study of fossil evidences from plaster cast models and pictures 5. Study of homology and analogy from suitable specimens/ pictures 6. Charts:

a) Phylogeny of horse with diagrams/ cut outs of limbs and teeth of horse ancestors b) Darwin’s Finches with diagrams/ cut outs of beaks of different species

7. Visit to Natural History Museum and submission of report SUGGESTED READINGS 1. Gardner, E.J., Simmons, M.J., Snustad, D.P. (2008). Principles of Genetics. VIIIEdition.

Wiley India. 2. Snustad, D.P., Simmons, M.J. (2009). Principles of Genetics. V Edition. John Wiley and

Sons Inc. 3. Klug, W.S., Cummings, M.R., Spencer, C.A. (2012). Concepts of Genetics. X Edition.

Benjamin Cummings. 4. Russell, P. J. (2009). Genetics- A Molecular Approach. III Edition. BenjaminCummings. 5. Griffiths, A.J.F., Wessler, S.R., Lewontin, R.C. and Carroll, S.B. Introduction toGenetic

Analysis. IX Edition. W. H. Freeman and Co. 6. Ridley, M. (2004). Evolution. III Edition. Blackwell Publishing 7. Barton, N. H., Briggs, D. E. G., Eisen, J. A., Goldstein, D. B. and Patel, N. H.

(2007).Evolution. Cold Spring, Harbour Laboratory Press. 8. Hall, B. K. and Hallgrimsson, B. (2008). Evolution. IV Edition. Jones and BartlettPublishers 9. Campbell, N. A. and Reece J. B. (2011). Biology. IX Edition, Pearson, Benjamin,

Cummings. 10. Douglas, J. Futuyma (1997). Evolutionary Biology. Sinauer Associates.


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DISCIPLINE CENTRIC ELECTIVE COURSES

(Any two from the following) DSE 1

ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR AND CHRONOBIOLOGY THEORY (Credits 4) Unit 1: Introduction to Animal Behaviour 08 Origin and history of Ethology; Brief profiles of Karl Von Frish, Ivan Pavlov, Konrad Lorenz, Niko Tinbergen, Proximate and ultimate causes of behaviour Unit 2: Patterns of Behaviour 14 Stereotyped Behaviours (Orientation, Reflexes); Individual Behavioural patterns; Instinct vs. Learnt Behaviour; Associative learning, classical and operant conditioning, Habituation, Imprinting. Unit 3: Social and Sexual Behaviour 16 Social Behaviour: Concept of Society; Communication and the senses; Altruism; Insects’ society with Honey bee as example; Foraging in honey bee and advantages of the waggle dance. Sexual Behaviour: Asymmetry of sex, Sexual dimorphism, Mate choice, Intra-sexual selection (male rivalry), Inter-sexual selection (female choice), Sexual conflict in parental care. Unit 4: Biological Rhythm 16 Types and characteristics of biological rhythms: Short- and Long- term rhythms; Circadian rhythms; Tidal rhythms and Lunar rhythms; Circannual rhythms; Photoperiod and regulation seasonal reproduction of vertebrates; Role of melatonin. Unit 5: Biological Clocks 06 Relevance of biological clocks; Adaptive significance of biological clocks PRACTICAL (Credits 2)

1. To study nests and nesting habits of social insects (Termites and Ants). 2. To study geotaxis behaviour in earthworm. 3. Visit to Forest/ Wild life Sanctuary/Biodiversity Park/Zoological Park to study

behavioural activities of animals and prepare a short report. 4. Study of circadian functions in humans (daily eating, sleep and temperature patterns). 5. Preparation of kinematic diagram / ethogram through ad libitum study.*

SUGGESTED READINGS

1. David McFarland, Animal Behaviour, Pitman Publishing Limited, London, UK. 2. Manning, A. and Dawkins, M. S, An Introduction to Animal

Behaviour,Cambridge,University Press, UK. 3. John Alcock, Animal Behaviour, Sinauer Associate Inc., USA. 4. Paul W. Sherman and John Alcock, Exploring Animal Behaviour, Sinauer Associate

Inc., Massachusetts, USA. 5. Chronobiology Biological Timekeeping: Jay. C. Dunlap, Jennifer. J. Loros, Patricia J.

DeCoursey (ed). 2004, Sinauer Associates, Inc. Publishers, Sunderland, MA, USA 6. Insect Clocks D.S. Saunders, C.G.H. Steel, X., Afopoulou (ed.)R.D. Lewis. (3rdEd) 2002

Barens and Noble Inc. New York, USA 7. The Clock that times us. 1982. Moore Ed et al. 8. Biological Rhythms: Vinod Kumar (2002) Narosa Publishing House, Delhi/ Springer-

Verlag, Germany.


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DSE 2 BIOLOGY OF INSECTA

THEORY (Credits 4) Unit I: Introduction 4 General Features of Insects Distribution and Success of Insects on the Earth Unit II: Insect Taxonomy 4 Basis of insect classification; Classification of insects up to orders Unit III: General Morphology of Insects 8 External Features; Head – Eyes, Types of antennae, Mouth parts w.r.t. feeding habits, Types of Legs adapted to diverse habitat Unit IV: Physiology of Insects 28 Structure and Physiology of Insect respiratory & endocrine systems Sensory receptors Growth and metamorphosis Unit IV: Insect Society 6 Group of social insects and their social life Social organization and social behaviour (w.r.t. any one example) Unit V: Insect Plant Interaction 4 Theory of co-evolution, role of allelochemicals in host plant mediation Unit VI: Insects as Vectors 6 Insects as mechanical and Biological vectors, Brief discussion on houseflies and mosquitoes as important insect vectors PRACTICAL (Credits 2)

1. Study of different kinds of mouth parts of insects 2. Study of insect wings and their venation. 3. Methodology of collection, preservation and identification of insects 4. Morphological studies of various castes of Apis, Camponotus and Odontotermes 5. Study of any three insect pests and their damages 6. Study of any three beneficial insects and their products 7. Field study of insects and submission of a project report on the insect diversity

SUGGESTED READINGS

1. A general text book of entomology, Imms , A. D., Chapman & Hall, UK 2. The Insects: Structure and function, Chapman, R. F., Cambridge University Press,

UK 3. Principles of Insect Morphology, Snodgrass, R. E., Cornell Univ. Press, USA 4. Introduction to the study of insects, Borror, D. J., Triplehorn, C. A., and Johnson,

N. F., M Saunders College Publication, USA 5. The Insect Societies, Wilson, E. O., Harward Univ. Press, UK 6. Host Selection by Phytophagous insects, Bernays, E. A., and Chapman, R. F.,

Chapman and Hall, New York, USA 7. Physiological system in Insects, Klowden, M. J., Academic Press, USA 8. The Insects, An outline of Entomology, Gullan, P. J. , and Cranston, P. S., Wiley

Blackwell, UK 9. Insect Physiology and Biochemistry, Nation, J. L., CRC Press, USA


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DSE 3 PARASITOLOGY

THEORY (Credits 4) Unit I: Introduction to Parasitology 3 Brief introduction of Parasitism, Parasite, Parasitoid and Vectors (mechanical and biological vector) Host parasite relationship Unit II: Parasitic Protists 15 Study of Morphology, Life Cycle, Prevalence, Epidemiology, Pathogenicity, Diagnosis, Prophylaxis and Treatment of Entamoeba histolytica, Trypanosoma gambiense, Plasmodium vivax Unit III: Parasitic Platyhelminthes 15 Study of Morphology, Life Cycle, Prevalence, Epidemiology, Pathogenicity, Diagnosis, Prophylaxis and Treatment of Schistosoma haematobium, Taenia solium and Echinococcus granulosus Unit IV: Parasitic Nematodes 15 Study of Morphology, Life Cycle, Prevalence, Epidemiology, Pathogenicity, Diagnosis, Prophylaxis and Treatment of Ascaris lumbricoides, Ancylostoma duodenale, Wuchereria bancrofti Unit IV: Parasitic Arthropoda 10 Biology, importance and control of ticks, mites, Pediculus humanus (head and body louse), Unit V: Parasitic Vertebrates 02 A brief account of parasitic vertebrates; Hood Mockingbird and Vampire bat PRACTICAL (Credits2)

1. Study of life stages of Entamoeba histolytica, Trypanosoma gambiense and Plasmodium vivax through permanent slides/micro photographs

2. Study of adult and life stages of Schistosoma haematobium, Taenia solium and through permanent slides/micro photographs

3. Study of adult and life stages of Ascaris lumbricoides, Ancylostoma duodenale, Wuchereria bancrofti through permanent slides/micro photographs

4. Study of Pediculus humanus (Head louse and Body louse) through permanent slides/ photographs

5. Study of monogenea from the gills of fresh/marine fish (Gills can be procured from fish market as by product of the industry)

6. Study of nematode/cestode parasites from the intestines of Poultry bird (Intestine can be procured from poultry/market as a by-product)

7. Submission of a brief report on parasitic vertebrates SUGGESTED READINGS

1. Arora, D. R and Arora, B. (2001) Medical Parasitology. II Edition. CBS Publications and Distributors

2. E.R. Noble and G.A. Noble (1982) Parasitology: The biology of animal parasites. V Edition, Lea & Febiger

3. Ahmed, N., Dawson, M., Smith, C. and Wood, Ed. (2007) Biology of Disease. Taylor and Francis Group

4. Parija, S. C. Textbook of medical parasitology, protozoology & helminthology (Text and colour Atlas), II Edition, All India Publishers & Distributers, Medical Books Publishers, Chennai, Delhi

5. Rattan Lal Ichhpujani and Rajesh Bhatia. Medical Parasitology, III Edition, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., New Delhi


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6. Meyer, Olsen & Schmidt’s Essentials of Parasitology, Murray, D. Dailey, W.C. Brown Publishers

7. Thomas C. Cheng (1986). General Parasitology, II Edition, Academic Press Inc 8. K. D. Chatterjee (2009). Parasitology: Protozoology and Helminthology. XIII

Edition, CBS Publishers & Distributors (P) Ltd.


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DCE 4 AQUATIC BIOLOGY

THEORY (Credits 4) UNIT 1: Aquatic Biomes 10 Brief introduction of the aquatic biomes: Freshwater ecosystem (lakes, wetlands, streams and rivers), estuaries, intertidal zones, oceanic pelagic zone, marine benthic zone and coral reefs. UNIT 2: Freshwater Biology 20 Lakes: Origin and classification, Lake as an Ecosystem, Lake morphometry, Physico–chemical Characteristics: Light, Temperature, Thermal stratification, Dissolved Solids, Carbonate, Bicarbonates, Phosphates and Nitrates, Turbidity; dissolved gases (Oxygen, Carbon dioxide). Nutrient Cycles in Lakes-Nitrogen, Sulphur and Phosphorous. Streams: Different stages of stream development, Physico-chemical environment, Adaptation of hill-stream fishes. UNIT 3: Marine Biology 15 Salinity and density of Sea water, Continental shelf, Adaptations of deep sea organisms, Coral reefs, Sea weeds. UNIT 4: Management of Aquatic Resources 15 Causes of pollution: Agricultural, Industrial, Sewage, Thermal and Oil spills, Eutrophication, Management and conservation (legislations), Sewage treatment Water quality assessment- BOD and COD. PRACTICAL (Credits 2)

1. Identify the important macrophytes, phytoplanktons and zooplanktons present in a lake ecosystem.

2. Determine the amount of Turbidity/ transparency, Dissolved Oxygen, Free Carbon dioxide, Alkalinity (carbonates & bicarbonates) in water collected from a nearby lake/ water body.

3. Instruments used in limnology (Secchi disc, Van Dorn Bottle, Conductivity meter, Turbidity meter, PONAR grab sampler) and their significance.

4. A Project Report on a visit to a Sewage treatment plant/ Marine bio-reserve/Fisheries Institutes.

SUGGESTED READINGS

1. Anathakrishnan : Bioresources Ecology 3rd Edition 2. Goldman : Limnology, 2nd Edition 3. Odum and Barrett : Fundamentals of Ecology, 5th Edition 4. Pawlowski : Physicochemical Methods for Water and Wastewater Treatment,

1st Edition 5. Wetzel : Limnology, 3rd edition 6. Trivedi and Goyal : Chemical and biological methods for water

pollutionstudies 7. Welch : Limnology Vols. I-II


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DCE 5

FISH AND FISHERIES THEORY (Credits 4) UNIT 1: Introduction and Classification 6 General description of fish; Account of systematic classification of fishes (upto classes); Classification based on feeding habit, habitat and manner of reproduction. UNIT 2: Morphology and Physiology: 18 Types of fins and their modifications; Locomotion in fishes; Hydrodynamics; Types of Scales, Use of scales in Classification and determination of age of fish; Gills and gas exchange; Swim Bladder: Types and role in Respiration, buoyancy; Osmoregulation in Elasmobranchs; Bioluminescence; Schooling; Parental care; Migration UNIT 3: Fisheries 12 Inland Fisheries; Marine Fisheries; Environmental factors influencing the seasonal variations in fish catches in the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal; Fishing crafts and Gears; Depletion of fisheries resources; Application of remote sensing and GIS in fisheries; Fisheries law and regulations Unit 4: Aquaculture 20 Sustainable Aquaculture; Extensive, semi-intensive and intensive culture of fish; Pen and cage culture; Polyculture; Composite fish culture; Brood stock management; Induced breeding of fish; Management of finfish hatcheries; Preparation and maintenance of fish aquarium; Preparation of compound diets for fish; Role of water quality in aquaculture; Fish diseases: Bacterial, viral and parasitic; Preservation and processing of harvested fish, Fishery by-products UNIT 5: Fish in Research 04 Transgenic fish, Zebrafish as a model organism in research PRACTICAL (Credits 2)

1. Study of Petromyzon, Myxine, Pristis, Chimaera, Exocoetus, Hippocampus, Gambusia, Labeo rohita, Labeo kalbasu, Heteropneustes, Anabas

2. Study of different types of scales (through permanent slides/ photographs). 3. Study of crafts and gears used in Fisheries from Video/ photograph/ models 4. Water quality criteria for Aquaculture: Assessment of pH, conductivity, Total

suspended solids, Total dissolved solids 5. Demonstration of induced breeding in Fishes (video/ field tour) 6. Demonstration of parental care in fishes (video/ slide show) 7. Project Report on a visit to any fish farm/ pisciculture unit/ Aquarium fish rearing

farm. SUGGESTED READINGS

1. Q Bone and R Moore, Biology of Fishes, Talyor and Francis Group, CRC Press, U.K. 2. D. H. Evans and J. D. Claiborne, The Physiology of Fishes, Taylor and Francis Group,

CRC Press, UK von der Emde, R.J. Mogdans and B.G. Kapoor. The Senses of Fish: Adaptations for the Reception of Natural Stimuli, Springer, Netherlands

3. C.B.L. Srivastava, Fish Biology, Narendra Publishing House 4. J.R. Norman, A history of Fishes, Hill and Wang Publishers 5. S.S. Khanna and H.R. Singh, A text book of Fish Biology and Fisheries, Narendra

Publishing House


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DSE 6

IMMUNOLOGY THEORY (Credits 4) Unit 1: Overview of Immune System 10 Historical perspective of Immunology, Early theories of Immunology, Cells and organs of the Immune system Unit 2: Innate and Adaptive Immunity 10 Anatomical barriers, Inflammation, Cell and molecules involved in innate immunity, Adaptive immunity (Cell mediated and humoral), Passive (Artificial and natural Immunity), Active(Artificial and natural Immunity), Immune dysfunctions (brief account of autoimmunity with reference to Rheumatoid Arthritis and tolerance, AIDS). Unit 3: Antigens 08 Antigenicity and immunogenicity, Immunogens, Adjuvants and haptens, Factors influencing immunogenicity, B and T-Cell epitopes Unit 4: Immunoglobulins 10 Structure and functions of different classes of immunoglobulins, Antigen-antibody interactions, Immunoassays (ELISA and RIA), Polyclonal sera, Hybridoma technology: Monoclonal antibodies in therapeutics and diagnosis Unit 5: Major Histocompatibility Complex 06 Structure and functions of MHC molecules. Endogenous and exogenous pathways of antigen processing and presentation Unit 6: Cytokines 04 Properties and functions of cytokines, Therapeutics Cytokines Unit 7: Complement System 04 Components and pathways of complement activation. Unit 8: Hypersensitivity 03 Gell and Coombs’ classification and brief description of various types of hypersensitivities Unit 9: Vaccines 05 Various types of vaccines. PRACTICAL (Credits 2)

1. Demonstration of lymphoid organs from photograph/ model/ pre dissected specimen.*

2. Histological study of spleen, thymus and lymph nodes through slides/ photographs 3. Preparation of stained blood film to study various types of blood cells. 4. Ouchterlony’s double immuno-diffusion method. 5. ABO blood group determination. 6. Demonstration of ELISA/ Immuno-electrophoresis

* The experiments can be performed depending upon usage of animals in UG courses.


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SUGGESTED READINGS 1. Kindt, T. J., Goldsby, R.A., Osborne, B. A. and Kuby, J (2006). Immunology, VI Edition.

W.H. Freeman and Company. 2. David, M., Jonathan, B., David, R. B. and Ivan R. (2006). Immunology, VII Edition,

Mosby, Elsevier Publication. 3. Abbas, K. Abul and Lechtman H. Andrew (2003.) Cellular and Molecular Immunology.

V Edition. Saunders Publication.


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DSE 7 WILD LIFE CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT

THEORY (Credits 4) Unit 1: Introduction to Wild Life 06 Values of wild life - positive and negative; Conservation ethics; Importance of conservation; Causes of depletion; World conservation strategies. Unit 2: Evaluation and management of wild Life 08 Habitat analysis, Physical parameters: Topography, Geology, Soil and water Unit 3: Population Estimation 16 Population density, Natality, Birth rate, Mortality, Faecal analysis of ungulates and carnivores: Faecal samples, slide preparation, Pug marks and census method. Unit 4: Management Planning of wild Life in Protected Areas 10 Estimation of carrying capacity; Eco tourism/ wild life tourism in forests; Concept of climax persistence; Ecology of perturbance. Unit 5: Protected areas: In-situ and ex-situ Conservation 20 National parks & sanctuaries, Community reserve; important features of protected areas in India; Tiger conservation - Tiger reserves in India; Management challenges in Tiger reserve. Concept and practice; captive breeding; re-establishment and relocation, advance technology in service of endangered species, zoos and botanical gardens, gene banks or germplasm reserves, Marine Protected areas. PRACTICAL (Credits 2)

1. Identification of flora, mammalian fauna, avian fauna, herpeto-fauna 2. Demonstration of basic equipment needed in wildlife studies use, care and

maintenance (Compass, Binoculars, Spotting scope, Range Finders, Global Positioning System

3. Familiarization and study of animal evidences in the field; Identification of animals through pug marks, hoof marks, scats, pellet groups, nest, antlers etc.

4. Quadrat analysis and plotless sampling method 5. Line transect & point transect monitoring for abundance and diversity estimation of

mammals and bird SUGGESTED READINGS

1. Caughley, G., and Sinclair, A.R.E. (1994). Wildlife Ecology and Management. Blackwell Science.

2. Woodroffe R., Thirgood, S. and Rabinowitz, A. (2005). People and Wildlife, Conflict or Co- existence? Cambridge University.

3. Bookhout, T.A. (1996). Research and Management Techniques for Wildlife and Habitats, 5 th edition. The Wildlife Society, Allen Press.

4. Sutherland, W.J. (2000). The Conservation Handbook: Research, Management and Policy. Blackwell Sciences

5. Hunter M.L., Gibbs, J.B. and Sterling, E.J. (2008). Problem-Solving in Conservation Biology and Wildlife Management: Exercises for Class, Field, and Laboratory. Blackwell Publishing.


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SKILL ENHANCEMENT COURSES (Any Four from the following)

SEC 1

APICULTURE

THEORY (Credits 2) Unit 1: Biology of Bees 05 History, Classification and Biology of Honey Bees; Social Organization of Bee Colony Unit 2: Rearing of Bees 10 Artificial Bee rearing (Apiary), Beehives – Newton and Langstroth; Bee Pasturage; Selection of Bee Species for Apiculture; Bee Keeping Equipment; Methods of Extraction of Honey (Indigenous and Modern) Unit 3: Diseases and Enemies 05 Bee Diseases and Enemies; Control and Preventive measures Unit 4: Bee Economy 02 Products of Apiculture Industry and its Uses (Honey, Bee Wax, Propolis), Pollen etc. Unit 5: Entrepreneurship in Apiculture 08 Bee Keeping Industry – Recent Efforts, Modern Methods in employing artificial Beehives for cross pollination in horticultural gardens SUGGESTED READINGS

1. Prost, P. J. (1962). Apiculture. Oxford and IBH, New Delhi. 2. Bisht D.S., Apiculture, ICAR Publication. 3. Singh S., Beekeeping in India, Indian council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi.


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SEC 2AQUARIUM FISH KEEPING

THEORY (Credits 2) Unit1: Introduction to Aquarium Fish Keeping 05The potential scope of Aquarium Fish Industry as a Cottage Industry, Exotic and Endemic species of Aquarium Fishes Unit 2: Biology of Aquarium Fishes 10 Common characters and sexual dimorphism of Fresh water and Marine Aquarium fishes: Guppy, Molly, Sword tail, Gold fish, Angel fish, Blue morph, Anemone fish and Butterfly fish Unit 3: Food and feeding of Aquarium Fishes 06 Use of live fish feed organisms. Preparation and composition of formulated fish feeds Unit 4: Fish Transportation 03 Live fish transport - Fish handling, packing and forwarding techniques. Unit 5: Maintenance of Aquarium 06 General Aquarium maintenance – budget for setting up an Aquarium Fish Farm as a Cottage Industry


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SEC 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

THEORY (Credits 2) Unit 1: Foundations of Research 05 Meaning, Objectives, Motivation: Research Methods vs Methodology, Types of Research: Analytical vs Descriptive, Quantitative vs Qualitative, Basic vs applied Unit 2: Research Design 08 Need for research design: Features of good design, important concepts related to good design- Observation and Facts, Prediction and Explanation, Development of Models. Developing a research plan: Problem identification, Experimentation, Determining experimental and sample designs Unit 3: Data Collection, Analysis and Report Writing 12 Observation and Collection of Data-Methods of data collection- Sampling Methods, Data Processing and Analysis Strategies, Technical Reports and Thesis writing, Preparation of Tables and Bibliography. Data Presentation using digital technology Unit 4: Ethical Issues 05 Intellectual property Rights, Commercialization, Copy Right, Royalty, Patent law, Plagiarism, Citation, Acknowledgement SUGGESTED READINGS

1. Anthony, M, Graziano, A.M. and Raulin, M.L. 2009. Research Methods: A Process ofInquiry, Allyn and Bacon.

2. Walliman, N. 2011.Research Methods- The Basics. Taylor and Francis, London, NewYork.

3. Wadhera, B.L.: Law Relating to Patents, Trade Marks, Copyright Designs andGeographical Indications, 2002, Universal Law publishing

4. C.R.Kothari: Research Methodology, New Age International, 2009 5. Coley, S.M. and Scheinberg, C.A. 1990, “Proposal writing”. Stage Publications.


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SEC 4 SERICULTURE

THEORY (CREDITS 2) Unit 1: Introduction 03 Sericulture: Definition, history and present status; Silk route, Types of silkworms, Distribution and Races, Exotic and indigenous races, Mulberry and non-mulberry Sericulture Unit 2: Biology of Silkworm 03 Life cycle of Bombyx mori, Structure of silk gland and secretion of silk Unit 3: Rearing of Silkworms 13 Selection of mulberry variety and establishment of mulberry garden; Rearing house and rearing appliances; Disinfectants: Formalin, bleaching powder, RKO; Silkworm rearing technology: Early age and Late age rearing; Types of mountages; Spinning, harvesting and storage of cocoons Unit 4: Pests and Diseases 04 Pests of silkworm: Uzi fly, Demisted beetles and vertebrates, Pathogenesis of silkworm diseases: Protozoan, viral, fungal and bacterial Control and prevention of pests and diseases Unit 5: Entrepreneurship in Sericulture 02 Prospectus of Sericulture in India: Sericulture industry in different states, employment, potential in mulberry and non-mulberry sericulture. Visit to various Sericulture centres. SUGGESTED READINGS

1. Handbook of Practical Sericulture: S.R. Ullal and M. N. Narasimhanna CSB, Bangalore

2. Appropriate Sericultural Techniques; Ed. M. S. Jolly, Director, CSR & TI, Mysore. 3. Handbook of Silkworm Rearing: Agriculture and Technical Manual-1, Fuzi Pub.

Co.Ltd., Tokyo, Japan1972. 4. Manual of Silkworm Egg Production; M. N. Narasimhanna, CSB, Bangalore

1988. 5. Silkworm Rearing, Wupang Chun and Chen Da-Chung, Pub. By FAO, Rome

1988. 6. A Guide for Bivoltine Sericulture; K. Sengupta, Director, CSR & TI, Mysore 1989. 7. Improved Method of Rearing Young age silkworm; S. Krishnaswamy, reprinted

CSB, Bangalore, 1986.


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SEC 5 QUANTIFICATION TECHNIQUES

THEORY (CREDITS 2) Unit 1: Biological Sampling and Census Techniques and Application 08 Sampling vs census; census techniques – point, strip and line transects, call-counts, scat/signs survey. Unit 2: Quantitative Methods in Population Studies 12 Role of statistics in science and the scientific method. Concepts of a random variable: discrete and continuous. Measures of central tendency. Tests for significance: Chi Square, one way ANOVA. Unit 3: Measures of Species Diversity 05 Species-area curve; Diversity indices (Shanon-Weiner/Margalef/Sorensen/Pilou etc.) SUGGESTED READINGS

1. Sutherland, W. J., ed. Ecological Census Techniques: A Handbook. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K.

2. Das, D. (2003). Statistics in Biology and Psychology. Academic Publishers. 3. Forthofer, N. & Lee, E. S. (2006). Introduction to Biostatistics: A Guide to

Design, Analysis and Discovery. Academic Press.

kazi nazrul university, asansol scheme and syllabus under

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