keep it pest-free
DESCRIPTION
KEEP IT PEST-FREE. Steps to Healthier Homes. Learning Objectives. Health Effects of Pests. Asthma Infectious diseases Health effects greater on children. Health Effects of Pests. Exposure to Pest Allergens. Health Effects of Pests. Bites Common Culprits Rabies. Mosquito bites. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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KEEP IT PEST-FREESteps to Healthier Homes
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LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Name three illnesses or injuries associated with pest infestation.
Identify three clues of pest infestation.
Identify the three strategies associated with an IPM approach.
Name two illegal pesticides that may be used in the home.
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HEALTH EFFECTS OF PESTS
AsthmaInfectious diseases
Health effects greater on children
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HEALTH EFFECTS OF PESTS
Exposure to Pest AllergensPest Pathway Allergen
Dust Mite Feces Der p 1
Cockroaches Feces Bla g 1 & 2
Mice Urine MUP
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HEALTH EFFECTS OF PESTS
Bites Common CulpritsRabies
Mosquito bites
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HEALTH EFFECTS OF PESTS
Rat Bites
Rat bites, multiple
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THE ATOPIC TRIANGLEAsthma, Allergies and Eczema
Atopic: pertaining to a genetic
predisposition for hypersensitivity to
environmental triggers
Asthma
Rhinitis
Atopic Triangle
Eczema
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Pests
Immunoglobulin E (IgE) producing conditions
Conditions interact/trigger; commonly coexist
Environmental conditions trump genetics
Hygiene hypothesis
THE ATOPIC TRIANGLEAsthma, Allergies and Eczema
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ANOTHER TRIANGLE…
The Pest Triangle
Water
Food
Conducive Conditions
Nest/Hide
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HOW COMMON ARE PESTS?
American Housing Survey (2009)
All Housing• 0.6% Rats• 5.5% Mice
Low Income Housing• 0.9% Rats• 9.2% Mice
Rat feces in insulation
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HOW COMMON ARE PESTS?
Philadelphia, 200762% Cockroaches 72% Mice
National 2002-200633% Rat allergens (inner-city)63% Mice allergens
(95% low-income)
85%Cockroach allergens Roach frass under sink
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HOW DO WE CONTROL THEM?
PreventionSanitationPhysical controlsOngoing monitoring
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INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT
Best practiceMultiple tacticsEffective controlLeast risk to the environmentLeast exposure of non-target organismsEconomic sustainability
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REDUCE PESTICIDE USE
Pest pressure can drive people to unsafe use of pesticides.• Too much• Too many• Wrong kind – unsafe & Illegal
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PESTICIDES AND POISONINGS
16,000 pesticide exposures requiring treatment reported (2007)
Pesticides usually stored within reach of children
95% of children poisoned were under age 6
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THE IPM PYRAMID Page 6.8
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IPM V. CONVENTIONAL PEST CONTROL
Activities Conventional IPMProgram Strategy Reactive
pest controlPreventive pest control
Resident Education Minimal Extensive
Spraying & Fogging Extensive Rare
Rodent/bird control Poisons Exclusion/ Trapping
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HUD GUIDANCE ON IPM (2011) Communication Environmental conditions Identification and reporting Ongoing monitoring,
reporting and tracking Action levels Waste management
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HUD GUIDANCE ON IPM (2011) Appropriate pesticides Exclusion & denial Educational outreach State laws on used furnishings Use least-risk pesticides when
necessary Pesticide-use notification
signs
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CHANGE THE HABITAT
Don’t just kill, change “conditions conducive” to pests
Reduce the carrying capacity of the environment
Popu
latio
n
Time
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IPM: STEP-BY-STEPInspection & IdentificationExclusion & DenialEducationSanitationPhysical controlMonitoring
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1. INSPECTION & IDENTIFICATION
Thorough inspection Identification of pests found
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The pestDroppingsNests and burrowsFood and water sourcesHidden placesNear entry holesWarm cavities for insects
SEE THE CREATURE, BE THE CREATUREWhat to look for and where to look
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A PERSON’S VIEWPage 6.11
A COCKROACH’S VIEWPage 6.12
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A COCKROACH’S VIEWPage 6.12
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Rat burrow entrance
Rat proofing did not work here…
Get down on the ground and look under the pipe…
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2. EXCLUSION AND DENIAL
Stoppage InspectionHoles filledStuff-ItSilicone CaulkSpackle, etc
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3. EDUCATIONUnderstand pestsControl – what, how, and whenSafe vs. unsafe practicesEducating residentsChoosing PCO’sTraining PCO’s
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4. SANITATION
FoodWaterHarborage
Photo: City of Houston Bureau of Children’s and Environmental Health
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WATEREssential for insects & rats, but not for mice or bedbugsMosquitoesStructural damage
Photo: City of Houston Bureau of Children’s and Environmental Health
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5. PHYSICAL CONTROL
Identify & assess problemSame strategy Different tactics – pest specific
Photo: City of Houston Bureau of Children’s and Environmental Health
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REDUCE EXPOSURE
Roach baitsGelsDustsGlueboards and Snap Traps
Choose safer products
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ILLEGAL AND RISKY PESTICIDES
Pesticides that look like candy - mothballs“Miraculous” Chinese Insecticide chalk “Tres Pasitos”Many pesticide have been withdrawn
candy!
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FEDERAL PESTICIDE LAW
Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA)
Administered by EPAPesticide – Broad term No pesticides are safe – some are low-riskThe label is the law
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ARE THESE LABELS?Page 6.19
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EPA PESTICIDE PRODUCT LABELS
Product NameEPA Reg. No.Ingredients
ActiveInert / Other
“Keep Out of Reach of Children” First AidNet contents
Signal Word:CautionWarningDanger
Poison – skull & crossbones
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6. MONITORINGKeep looking for pestsSpot reinfestationsPlace in corners
Behind appliancesUnder sinkUnder cover!
Do date & markDon’t disturb
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MONITORING FOR RODENTS
Similar to insects – use snap traps or glue-boardsPlace in corners, along runways, in tight dark spacesCheck dailyIncrease trapping if monitors indicate activityAlways have monitors for insects and rodents in place
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KNOW YOUR PESTSKeep it Pest-Free
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COCKROACHESIdentification & biology Life cycle: DiseasesKey harborage sites
German cockroach life cycle
Pest cockroaches of North America
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DOING ROACHES THE IPM WAY
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FRASSDoor
Under a cabinet shelf
Behind the wall clock
Wall clock
Behindwallpaper
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COCKROACH CONTROL
Habitat modification MonitorsDust and caulkBaits and gelsInsect growth regulatorsSticky traps
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RODENT CONTROLRodents are mammals like usThink like a rodentNot all rodents are the same
Mice – curious & persistentRats – cautious & smartSquirrels - outdoors
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Young Rat
House Mouse
FEET HEAD
large large
small small
1/4" 3/4"
RODENT IDENTIFICATION
•House Mouse• Also: White Footed, Deer •Norway Rat•Brown rat, Wharf, Sewer, etc•Roof Rat•Black rat• Also: Cane rat, etc.• Squirrel• Groundhogs, etc.
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RODENT REPRODUCTION
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HOW TO TRAP A RAT AND A MOUSEDemo
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THINGS THAT DON’T WORK
Contact spraysFoggersMothballsUltrasonic'sDryer sheets, etc.
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THINGS THAT MAY WORK, BUT…
Essential oils and cleanersCarbon dioxide trapsKeroseneHomemade traps and gadgetsWhat have you seen?
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BED BUGS - DON’T PANIC
Can be avoided and eliminatedEvery skin irritation or bite is not bed bugsYou can see them.Do not cause or spread diseases.Heat and/or steam can kill them.Protocols and communication key to control
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BEDBUGS
Identify properly – don’t assumeLife cycle
Photo credit: Changlu Wang & John Obermeyer/Rutgers University
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BEDBUGS - CONTROLExclusionPreparationTraps – interceptors
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BED BUG - TREATMENTInspectionVacuumHeat or coldPesticides by PCO onlyRe-inspection & retreatmentEncasements & interceptors
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ExterminationInfestation
308.1 Infestation302.5 Rodent harborage304.14 Insect screens308.2 Owner308.3 Single occupant308.4 Multiple occupancy308.5 Occupant.
CODE REQUIREMENTSCode requirements related to pests
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RESOURCESCooperative Extension ServicesState Pesticide Regulator for Pest Control Applicators/Operators
Often at universities
www.ehw.orgwww.nchh.org/Training/IntegratedPestManagementIPM.aspx
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KEY MESSAGESPests can create allergens and be vectors of disease.Control of pests through pesticides can lead to poisonings and other neurological problems. Some pesticides found in homes have been banned.Make house less hospitable for pests. Prevent entry, control food, water, and places for shelter. Integrated Pest Management is the recommended strategy.
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LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Name three illnesses or injuries associated with pest infestation.
Identify three clues of pest infestation.
Identify the three strategies associated with an IPM approach.
Name two illegal pesticides that may be used in the home.
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