Keepers of the Dream

贺子光 陈天恩 张春雷 孟翔程 丁鹏

America has been a magnet for talented entrepreneurs . It still is. Dilip Barot, from Gujarat, India, was trained as a pharmacist, but learned within days of landing in the United States that he would have to start at the bottom. He went to work for another Gujarati at a motel in New Jersey for ＄ 100 a week.

美国一直都像是一个磁铁，吸引着有天赋的企业家。狄里普 · 贝勒——一个来自印度高加的人，曾经受过药商的培训。但是，在他刚来到美国时，他知道他不得不从底层开始干起。他在新泽西的另一个高加人开的汽车旅行社工作，每周 100 美元的工资。

A year later he got a job as pharmacy intern. Then he read in an Indian-American newspaper that the 18-unit Rock Garden in Riviera Beach, Florida, was for sale. The modest motel needed expensive repairs and a hefty down payment- ＄60,000.

一年以后，他又换了一份工作，做一个配药实习生。后来他在美印的报纸上看到在佛罗里达有一个 18 间的旅馆要出售。这个汽车旅社需要高昂的装修费和 6 万美元的购买费。

Barot had saved ＄ 8,000 and got help from Gujarat for the rest. Together they bought the motel. To save money, Barot did the repairs himself and bought used furniture from other hotel owners.

贝勒自己积蓄了 8 千美元并且在先前的高加人那里得到了支助，凑够了剩下的钱。他们一起买下了旅行社。为了节约钱，贝勒自己装修，并且从其他宾馆买来了二手家具。

Within a year Barot bought a second motel. Today Borot’s Naimisha Group owns hotels and apartments in seven American states and grosses more than ＄ 50 million per year.

一年内，贝勒又买了一家旅馆。现在，他们在美国的七个州拥有自己的旅馆和度假套房，每年可以赚 5 千万美元。

Patricia Pliego Stout is another immigrant entrepreneur who worked hard to succeed. When she tried to start a travel agency in San Antonio, Texas, she couldn’t get a loan. Friends said that she had three strikes against her: she has single, Hispanic and female.

皮利苟也是一个外来移民，通过自己努力工作成为一个成功的企业家。当她试图在圣安东尼奥开一家旅行社时，她得不到贷款。朋友说：她面临着三重困难——她孤身一人，是个西班牙人，并且还是一个女性。

Stout, a former university administrator born in Mexico City, wasn’t buying that. Pouring her life’s savings of more than ＄ 65,000 into the venture, she worked nights and weekends. Unable to pay for a courier, she delivered airline tickets to her clients and after work.

斯科特，出生在兴施克，曾经是一所大学的行政人员，她没有在美国做生意。由于把自己 65000 多美元的积蓄投入到了冒险事业，所以她自己晚上和周末仍要工作。因为雇佣不起一个信使，她在上班前和下班后，自己亲自去送发客户的飞机票。

Today the Alamo Travel Group has 18 employers in six offices. “what saw me through was my individual will,” she said. “I got gutsy because I had to.”

目前白杨旅游集团在六个办公室有 18个雇主 , 斯科特说：“人们所看到我的是我的个人意志，我变得勇敢，因为我不得不这样。”

Why are so many immigrants succeeding in business? Fred Siegel, a senior follow at the Progressive Policy Institute and author of The Future Once Happened Here, point to three factors: their work ethic and values, the strength of their families and communities, and their beliefs in the American dream.

为什么如此多的移民经商获得了成功？弗雷德 ·席格在进步政策协会具有较高的地位，也是 The Future Once Happened Here这本书的作者，他指出了 3 个原因：他们的职业道德和价值观念，家庭和团体的强大，和他们美国梦的信仰。

Rose Hwang escaped Vietnam with her family in a tiny boat. Eventually they arrived in Mission Viejo, California, 1976, when Rose was 17.

罗斯和他的家人坐小船逃到了越南。之后在 1976 年他们去了 Mission Viejo, California（加利福尼亚），当时罗斯 17岁。

Rose studied hard in university and became a Vietnamese-Language interpreter for the Orange County courts. Then, with her savings and those of her husband, Mitchell Phan, also a Vietnamese refugee, they started Alpha Systems Lab and soon found a niche the competition had overlooked: remote digital video surveillance for corporate security. Rose’s equipment allows business owners to monitor their facilities, inventory and cash around the clock, from and location.

Rose 在大学学习非常努力，成为奥兰治县法庭的越南语翻译。之后，他用

他的积蓄和他的丈夫Mitchell Phan共同成立了 Alpha Systems Lab（阿尔法系统实验室），她丈夫也是越南难民，很快她们就找到了一个被竞争忽视的合适的职业：企业安全的远程数字视频监控。

Rose 的设备允许企业主在任何时间和任何地点监督她们的设备、存货和现金。

Americans who believe that immigrants burden their economy often focus on what immigrants may lack when they get here –English,education and money. More important for success in the long run,however,is moral capital.

一些美国人认为移民会加重他们的经济负担，他们总是将注意力集中在这些移民当他们来到这里缺乏的东西 -英语能力，教育背景和资金能力。但是，从长远来看，取得成功更重要的是道德水平。

Zubair Kazi was 23 when he left India in 1969 and moved to Los Angeles. He took a $ 2-an-hour job as a cook’s helper at a Kentucky Fried Chicken.The work was hard.Mostly he scoured 16-quart pressure cookers,burning his hands when the hot grease spattered.

在 1969 年，卡兹 23岁离开印度搬到洛杉矶。他在肯德基炸鸡店当一名助手，每小时拿 2 美元。这份工作是艰难的。大多数情况下他要清洗 16夸脱的容器，手常常被热油溅到而烧伤。

One day two co-workers didn’t show up,and Kari had to do the work of three men.His supervisor noticed Kazi’s determination and trained him to be an assistant manager.After a few months in that job ,he was asked to run a money-losing operation in Culver City,California.Kazi’s vigorous management soon made the store profitable.

一天，他的两个同事没有露面，卡兹不得不做三个人的工作。他的主管注意到卡兹的决心并训练他成为经理助理。在这里工作几个月后，他被要求去加利福尼亚的卡尔弗城市管理一个亏损的公司。卡兹的大力管理很快使公司取得盈利。

In 1976 Kazi decided to buy his own franchise.But with $6,000 of his own and $14,000 from his friends,he was still short $65,000.So he carried a suitcase full of his Kentucky Fried Chicken awards into the local bank,got a loan and bought the franchise.

在 1976 年，卡兹决定买个店拥有独立经营权。但是自己有的 6000 美元加上从朋友借的 14000 美元，他仍然缺少 65000 美元。所以他提了一个手提箱去当地的银行，里面装满了他在肯德基获得的荣誉，从而顺利的拿到了贷款，买下了一个店的独立经营权。

That store was losing $3,000 per month when Kazi bought it.He worked senven days a week,from 8 a.m. to 10 p.m.Today Zubair Kazi owns 109 KFC franchises with total annual sales in excess of $80 million.

当卡兹买下这个店后，最初这个店每 月亏损 3000 美元。他每周工作 7 天，每天从早上 8点忙到晚上 10点。现在，卡兹已经独立经营着 109肯德基店，总年营业额超过 8000 万美元

Ethnic banks

Immigrants often succeed by focusing on relatively neglected niches in the economy. Afghanis are becoming a major factor in New York fried-chicken outlets, for example, and Koreans have long dominated the green-grocer business.

种族银行 移民往往成功在于对经济定位的相对忽视。阿富汗成为纽约炸鸡出口的主要因素，例如，韩国人长期主导这绿色商业。

Because relatively few immigrants qualify for bank loans, many, like Dilip Barot ,create business with help from other immigrants. Korean-Americans often turn to churches and community networks for help in starting business. Newcomers receive valuable training and information, and in some cases, money from established business owners.

因为对于银行贷款，相对较少的移民像迪利普巴罗特在其他移民的帮助下制造商业。韩裔美国人在开办商业通常到教堂和在网上交流寻求帮助。新人得到了宝贵的培训和信息，在某种情况下，钱来自建立商业的业主。

West Indians use an informal network called Susu, or Turn of the Wheel. Commonly about 20 of them will agree to contribute a set amount (typically $100) per week .Each takes his turn receiving the weekly payout of $2,000---enough to help buy a truck or put a down payment on a storefront. With creative mechanisms like this, immigrants start on the road to financial independence.

西部的印第安人使用一种非正式的叫做苏苏或者转向轮的网络。一般在其中 20 个将同意作出贡献，每周的固定金额（通常为 100 美元）。每次轮到他接到 2,000 元 ---足以帮助购买卡车或一个店面首付。有了这样的创新机制，移民开始走上了财务独立的道路。

“Immigrants are playing an important role in receiving our cities,” says Joel Kotkin, a senior fellow at the Public Policy at California’s Pepperdine University.

“ 移民正发挥着重要作用，接受我们的城市”，乔尔考特金说，一位加州 Pepperdine 大学的公共政策高级研究员。

Waves of New Yorkers left the city in the 1970s, and immigrants flooded in. Now so many Asians have moved into the outer boroughs of New York that the NO.7 subway train snaking through northern Queens is nicknamed “the Orient Express.” 20 世纪 70 年代，一波又一波的纽约人离开了这座城市，接着许多移民们涌入。现在有许多亚洲人已经搬进了纽约州享有自治区域外的地区，那里 7 号地铁的列车通过皇后区北部，蜿蜒被称为“东方快车”。

borough [bʌrə] ：享有自治权的市镇或区

Boston’s Dorchester Avenue was built by immigrants: Irish bakeries and pubs at first, Vietnamese pharmacies and eateries many decades later. Imimigrants are also resurrecting suburbs. 波士顿多切斯特大街是由新移区建成：开始是爱尔兰面包店和酒吧，几十年以后又有了越南药店和餐馆。移民区也变成了郊区。

eatery [i:təri]: 小餐馆resurrect [rezə’rekt]: 使复苏 , 恢复

The San Gabriel Valley in the early 1970s was well on its way to meeting the fate of other Los Angeles suburbs. Storefronts were emptying as middle-class residents moved up to newer suburbs. Then the ethnic Chinese from Taiwan and Hong Kong moved in, renovating houses, opening supermarkets and restaurants.

圣格布瑞尔山谷在 20 世纪 70 年代初的发展道路和其他洛杉矶郊区的命运很相似。作为中产阶级居民店面都排空搬到新的郊区。然后，来自台湾和香港华人搬进来，装修房子，开超市和餐馆。

ethnic [eθnik] : 种族的，民族的

Today the sidewalks are clean, and the parking lots are filled with late-model cars. San Gabriel, in he town of San Gabriel, is now nicknamed the “Great Mall of China.” 现在 , 人行道上是干净的 , 同时停车场停满了新型的汽车。圣格布瑞尔 , 在他圣格布瑞尔镇 , 现在被戏称为“中国大商城” 。

Hundreds of technology firms dot the valley, with annual sales estimated at more than $4 billion. What was once derided as a “smog slum,” the Los Angeles Times now calls the “Chinese Silicon Valley.” 数以百计的科技公司布满山谷 , 年销售额估计超过 40 亿美元。那里曾经一度被嘲笑为“烟雾贫民窟，现在“洛杉矶时报”称它为“中国硅谷“。

deride [dɪ’raɪd] : 嘲笑，愚弄

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