tI{-K-hsans IT \bwtI{-K-hsans IT \bw kz-X-{-tkm^vv shb A[n-jvTn-[-amWv. {]Xn-tcm-[-ta-Je, ISRO XpS-n-bh kz-X-{-tkm^vv shb-dmWv D]-tbm-Kn-p-Xv.tIc-f-K-hsans IT \bw?tIc-f-K-hsans IT \bw, LDF, UDF `c-W-Im-e-L---fn-semw Xs kzm-X-{-tkm^vv shb A[n-jvTn-X-amWv. ssat{Imtkm^vv hntUmkv A]vtU-j-\n \npw ]nhm-n-b-tXm-Sp-IqSn tIcfm sk-{I--dn-tb-n kz-X-{-tkm^vv shb A[n-jvTn-X-amb IT hnI-k\w \S-m Xocp-am-\n-n-cn-pp.sI. Fkv. C. _n tamU FmWv?sI. Fkv. C. _n tIc-f-nse s]mXp-ta-Jem m]-\--fn {][m-\-s--XmWv. sI. Fkv C _nbn tPmen sNp FPn-\o-bam-cp-sSbpw ap Poh-\-m-cp-sSbpw Hcp Sow cq]o-I-cnv Ah kz--ambn IT hnI-k\w km[-y-amn. "Hcpa' F t]cn tkm^vv shb \nnv Cv sh_v Ft\-_nUv Bn amn-bn-cn-pp. CXv Fm s]mXp-ta-J-e-Ipw, km hIp-p-Ipw amXr-I-bm-m-hp--XmWv. Poh-\-mp Xs Bh-i-y-amb s{Sbn-\nwKv \In Ahv tkm^vv shb Dm-m\pw, ]cn-jvIm-c- hcp-m\pw Ign-hp-m-In-bm hIn-S-tIm-td-p-I-fpsS Nqj-W-n \npw c-s-Sm Ignbpw. am{X-a, Cm-c-y-n hnhn[ hIp-p-Iv kzm-{I-b-ap-m-n-sb-Sp-m\pw ap hIp-p-Iv klmbw \Im\pw IgnbpwFmWv \mw sNt-Xv?tIc-f-hm- AtXm-dn-n-t]mse ISp km-nI {]Xn-kn t\cn-Sp tkh\ Xpd-bn {]hn-p Hcp s]mXp-ta-J-em-m-]-\-n\v Hcn-epw Xmm Ign-bp--X. ERP \S-m-m-\p sNehpw, A\p-_--s-e-hp-Ifpw, XpSsN-e-hp-Ifpw e-I-W-n\p cq]m sNe-h-gnv tIcfm hm AtXm-dnn Xm-dm-nb hnhn[ IT ]mt-Pp-I Dt]-n-m Xocp-am-\n-n-cn-p-I-bmWv.tkm^vv shb-dpsS, I-h-S-m-cs Xmev]-c-y-a-\p-k-cnp hmp-I-b thXv. \ap-m-h-i-y-ap-Xv Fm-sWv Iqmbn Btem-Nnv, AXv kzm-b--am-p-I-bmWv sNt-Xv. ChnsS sNcp-ns Af-hn Imep apdn-pXpt]mse tkm^vv shb \Ip B ]d-bp coXn-bn \psS {]h-\- ampp. CXv XnIpw A]-I-S-I-c-amWv. GXp ]cn-jvImcw hcp-tmgpw, AXv P\-tk-h-\-I-c-am-bn-cn-m\pw, Poh-\-mv {]m]-y-am-bn-cn-m\pw {in-Ww.kplr-p-tf, tIcf hm AtXm-dnn tIc-f-nse 3.33 tImSn P\-pw, ip-Pew Fn-m Npa-X-e-s m]-\-amWv. CXv GXm\pw hy-n-I-fpsS m]nX Xmev]-c-y- kwc-n-m thn-bp--X. s]mXp-Xm-ev]-c-y-sf ]pnp Xn-sImv hyn Xmev]-c-y-hp-am-bnp aptm-p-t]m-bm AXns\ sNdp-m tIc-f-nse s]mXp-k-aqlw Dbp-hcpw Fv sXfn-bn--s-n-p--XmWv. Cu A\p-`-h--fpsS shfn--n sXmb Xocp-am-\- amn-sh-nv m]-\-nsbpw s]mXp kaq-l-nsbpw Xmev]-c-y- kwc-n-m \apv tbmPnp aptmp \omw Fv A`-yn-p-sImv

C. B. ]n kwhn-[m\w hm AtXm-dn-nsb Fs\ _m[npwm]-\-ns \ne-hnse Ah km-n-I-ambpw Iz-t-j-\mbpw quantitative Bbpw Htc ka-bv C. B. ]n kwhn-[m-\-n-eqsS e`-y-am-hp-Ibpw CXv m]-\-ns \nb-{-W-n\v klm-bn-p-Ibpw sNpw.C. B. ]n kwhn-[m-\-n-eqsS e`-y-am-Ip hnh-c--\p-k-cnv amt\-Pvsav X{- sa\-bp-hm\pw Xocp-am-\--sf-Sp-m\pw km[npw.Fm Ctm [rXn ]nSnv IpI tkm^vv shb D]-tbm-Knv \S-m-m {ian-p C. B. ]n `mcn km-nI sNehv hcp-p--XmWv IqSmsX ]cn-]m-e-\-n-\mbn ssekkv ^obn-eqsS `oa-amb Bh\ sNehpw DmIpw.kz-X{ tkm^vv shb-dn\v hn`n--ambn IpI tkm^vv shb-dn am- hcp-m Ignbp tImUp-I I-\n-I m]-\-n\v ssIam-dp-I-bn CXn-eqsS tkm^vv shb-dp-I m]-\-ns \nb-{-W-n Am-sX-bmIpw.C. B. ]n m]n-p--Xn\v apv m]-\-n\v ASn-m-\-amb am-fpw apsm-c--fpw A\n-hm-c-y-amWv.Ccw ]T-\-tfm ]cn-tim-[-\-Itfm hm AtXm-dn-n-bn CXp-hsc \S-n-bn-n.C. B. ]n \S-m-p-tm Poh-\-m-cpsS Fw K-W-y-amb tXmXn shn-Ip-d-bvtn hcpw. s{]mss{]-dn C. B. ]n ]cmPb-s-Sp--tXmsS m]-\-ns \ne-\nev]v A]-I-S-n-em-hp-Ibpw CXv kz-Im-c-y-h-c-W-n\v hgn hbvp-Ibpw sNpw. km kwhn-[m-\-n\v Iogn-ep tIcf hm AtXm-dnn \nb-a-fpw \b-fpw amdp--Xn-\-\p-k-cnv Cu. B ]n kwhn-[m-\-n AXn-\-\p-k-cnv am- hcp-t-Xv A\n-hm-c-y-ambn amdpw. s{]mss{]dn tkm^vv shb-dn-eqsS \S-m-p Cu. B. ]n bn Ccw am- hcp-p--Xn\v C. B. ]n. m]n-p XpI-tb-m ]Xn--Sv XpI IpI I-\nv \tIn hcpw. CXv Ipdv \nc-n IpSn-shw hnX-cWw sNp hm AtXm-dn-nv Xmm Ign-bp--X.

Cu. B ]n bpsS KpW-^-e-1.kzbw _pn-]-c-amb {]hn-p-hm C. B ]n bvv km[-y-amIpw. _nkn-\-ns X{w sa\-bp--Xnt\m, {]iv\- ]cn-lmcw \nt-in-bvp--Xnt\m, C. B ]nbpsS e`-y-am-Ip-- dntmp-Ifpw, tUm-Ifpw A]-{K-Wnv suggestions Dw dntmp-Ifpw C B ]n bneqsS e`n-pXmWv.2.am\-h-tijn hfsc Ipd-bp--Xn\v C B ]n bneqsS km[-y-amIpw3.C B ]n kwhn-[m-\-n-eqsS dh-\yq hn\, tmv, am\-h-tijn apXem-b-h-bpsS {Ib-hn-{I-b- Hcp-anv an\n-p-I CS-hnv t]mepw \nco-n-m-hp--XmWv.

V \ne-hn D]-tbm-Kn-p-sIm-n-cn-p I-yq- kwhn-[m\w ]T-\-hn-t[-b-am-WwapX-emb Imc-y- ]T\ hnt[-b-am-nb tijta Cu B ]n thtWm, thtbm Fv Xocp-am-\n-mhq.hf-sc-b-[nIw "ad-n-cn-p'' (indirect/ Hidden Cost) Nne-hp-I C B ]n aqew DmIpw.