WESTERN ARMORY.Document laid before Congrtss, and printed by

their order.DEPARTMENT OF WAR, 3d DEC. 1818.

SIR, In reply to so much of yourletter of the 20th ulti as requires my

"as to the expediency or necessity 01 uie cMiuiimniciu 01 a national ar-

mory on the western waters," I have thehonor to enclose, for the considerationof the military committee, a report ofthe Ordnance Department, containing astatement ot such tacts as appear to beconnected with the object of your inquiry.

Whether it would be expedient to establish an additional national armory,mil depend, in the first place, on thefact, whether those already establishedpre sufficient to fabricate as many arms,as the necessity of the country requires:and is they are not sufficient, whether hwould be more advisable to labricatethem by a national armory, or by con'tract.

In presenting this view of the subjectit is assumed, that the supply of armsought to be manufactured within thecountry, and ought not to be imported

By a reference to the report of theOrdnance Department, it will appearthat the national armories can fabricate,annually, about 25,000. This number,it is conceived, is not sufficient, whetherwe regard the present supply, or the in-

creased number which the growing pop-ulation of the country requires,

Out principal reliance for defence, ison the militia, a species pf force whichrequires a much mere ample supplythan regular troops; as experience provesthem to be much more wasteful of arms.At the commencement of the late war,our supply amounted to 200,060 stands;and though it continued less than threeyears, our stock at its termination was.nearly exhausted.

It is believed that, as arms can be fabricated at least as cheap, and oi a betterquality by a national armory, than bycontract, it is the preferable mode.

Is these observations are correct, it"would appear expedient to establish anational armory; and that the "place ofits location ought to be onwaters. It is probable that arms can befabricated in that portion of our country,a.t least as cheap as at Harper's Ferry,or at Springfield; and a very considera-ble expense would be annually saved intransportation. As to the particular"place of location," I am not in the pos-session of such information, as will ena-

ble me to give an opinion on the sub-

ject,I have the honor to be,

With very great respect,Your most obedient servant,

J. C. CALHOUN.Ifon'ble. R. M. JoHSiOii-- , Chairman

of the Military Committee, H. R. U. 3.

ORDNANCE OFFICE, 2d DEO. 1818.Honorable J. C. Calhoun,

Sir, In answer to the inquiries of theJVIilitary Committee, made in; their com-munication of the 20th nit. I have nowthe honor to state, that the national ar-

mories at Springfield and Harper's Fer-i- y

of fabricating annually ut

25,000 stands of arms, at an ex-

pense of 350 to 375 thousand dollars. Bycontracting for some-o- f the heavier partsof the 'Work, it i judged, the product atthose establishments might be increasedto 30,000 stands a year, in which casethe expense might amount to 420 to 430thousand dollare. The arms manufactur-ed by contract, amount now to eight orten thousand stands a year, and the priceis in general fourteen dollars for themusket, exclusive of extra charges incurred in proving, inspecting, packingana transporting the arms to the arsenals. It is calculated that the demand forthe western country, --will embrace atleast one third of the whole supply required for the United btates.

There is now deposited at Pittsburghfrom twelve to fifteen thousand stands,viz. 2000 rifles sent from Harper's Ferryin 1817, and 8000 muskets sent fromthe same place-i- the present year. Theresidue consists principally of arms whichhave been in service and have undergoneTcpairs.

The expense attending the transpor-tation of arms from Harper's Ferry toPittsburgh, may be stated at about onedollar a stand.

About 20,000 stands of arms remainat Nejr Orleans, about4000 at Newport,Kentucky, and about 3000 at Detroit."These are principally such as have beenin the hands of troops and have undergone, or are undergoing, repairs. Thecost of iabrrcatmg muskets may ba stated at about two-thir- in labor, and onethird in materials'.

As the . necessaries of life will becheaper in the western country than onthe sea hoard, it may be presumed thewages of workmen will eventually belowest where they can be easiest subsilted.

Iron may be delivered on the Ohio, ofa quality suitable for the manufacture ofarms, at nearly the same price it will costat Harper s terry. I he other materials with the exception ol coals, will costhigher. The number of men employedat Spripgfield and Harper's Ferry, va-

ries from" 220 jto 240, or thereabouts, ateach place. Is is judged not proper toemploy at on6 establishment more thai,about 250 hands, because a degree ofdiscipline and subordination is necessaryto be maintained,' and the difficulty ofpreserving regularity and ensuring unit-

ed exertion, increases with the incrpaseof numbers.

The first cost of an armory in the wes-

tern country, on the scale of Springfieldnnrl Humor's TVrrv. msv he calculated a

about 8200,000 for lands, command ofwater, buildings and machinery. Aboutthree years will probably be required to

bring a hew establishment into opera-tion, and the expense may be duringthat time, 6ixty or seventy thousand

Supposing it should be decided to establish an armory in thewestern country, on the scale'of Spring-field or Harper's Ferry, it would be ad-

visable to employ for a sew years at first,no more than about 1 50 hands; or enoughto ensure about 8000 stands of armsyearly; otherwise some inconvenience.might be sustained from the desertion ofworkmen from armories now in opera-tion. The permanent annual expenseon that scale may be from 120 to 130thousand dollars. The numbers in thepossession of the government, at thecommencement of the late war, is notdistinctly known at this office. It is pre-sumed to have been upwards of 200,000stands. At the close of the campaign of1814, the arsenals were nearly exhaust-ed. The great extent of sea coast andinland frontier to be protected, will ren-

der large distributions of arms to themilitia, indispensable in time of war;and it ought to be concluded, as wellfrom past experience as the nature of thecase, that our resources will sooner sailin that particular than in any other of ourmilitary supplies The reason is, thatthat so much time is required to put inoperation an establishment for manufac-turing arms on a large scale, it will notbe in the power of government on a sud-

den emergency to increase very materi-ally the supply.

I have the honor to be,Very respectfully,

Your mostobedient servant,Signed DECIUS WADSWORTH,

Colonel of urdnance

OUR RELATIONS IVITJ SPMJV.

Documents transmitted to Congress".

Translation of Propositions received in Jtfr.Onis' letter to Mr. Jidims, October 24A, 1818.

1st. The. United States declare thatthey deeply regret the violation of theSpanish territory by the troops under thecommand of Gen, Jackson; and that itsbeing done without their orders, and, asthe General states, with the view of ter-minating more promptly the war againstthe Indians, the United States will restore the town of Pensacola, and the sortsof Barrancas, St. Marks, and the otherterritory occupied by their troops, in theFloridas, to the Spanish officers, duly au-

thorized by His Catholic Majesty to takepossession of them ; the United Statesbeing answerable, as is just, for the inju-ries caused by the incursions of the troopsol the Union, as well to the crown ofSpain as tor its subjects upon whichpoint, the proper stipulations shall be in-

serted in the treaty.2d. His Catholic Majesty, to give an

eminent proof of his generosity, and ofthe desire which animates him tostrengthen the ties of friendship and ofgood understanding with the UnitedStates, and to put an end to the differen-ces which now exist between the twogovernments, cedes to them, in full property and sovereignty, the provinces of.Last and West r lorula, with all theirtowns and sorts, such,as they were cededby Great Britain, in 1 783, and with the limits which designated bythemin the treaty of limits and of navigation, concludedbetween Spain and the United States, onthe 27th of October, 1 795: the donationsor sales of lands, made by the government of His Majesty, or by legal author-ities, until this time, are, nevertheless, tobe recognized as valid.

3d. To avoid all cause of dispute, insuture, the limits of the respective possessions ot both governments, to the westof the Mississippi, shall be designated bya line, beginning on the Gulf of Mexico,between the rivers Marmenta and C'ar-cate- e,

following the Arrago-Hond- o be-

tween the Adais and Natchitoches, cros-sing the Roxo or Red river, at the 32ddegree of latitude, and 93d degree oflongitude from London, according toMelish's map; and thence running direct-ly north, crossing the Arkansns, theWhite and the Osage rivers, till it strikesthe Missouri, and then following themiddle ot that river to its source so thatthe territory on the right bank of the saidriver, will belong to Spam, and that onthe lest bank to the United States. Thenavigation as well of the Missouri as ofthe Mississippi and Marmento, shall remain free to the subjects of both powers.

1 o hx this line with more precision,and to place the land marks which shalldesignate exactly the limits of both nations, each of the contracting partiesshall appoint a commissioner and a surveyor, who shall meet before the termi-nation of one year from the date of theratification of this treaty, at Natchitoches, on the Red river, and proceed torun and mark the said line, in conformityto what is above agree'd upon and stipulated: they shall make out plans; andkeep journals of their proceedings! andthe result agreed upon by them shall,beconsidered as part of thi3 treaty, andshall have the same force as is it were inserted therein. The two governmentswill amicably" agree respecting the-n- e

cessary articles to be furnished to thesepersons, and also to their respective ca-c- s.

ts, should such be deemed necessary.4th. The two contracting parties, ani-

mated by the most sincere desire of con-ciliation, and with a view of eradicatingall the discussions which exist betweenthem, and to hasten the conclusion of adefinitive and prompt arrangement, bywhich the good understanding they de-

sire perpetually to maintain with each o- -

trer, may be strengthened, reciprocallyrenounce all claims for damag( s or injuries, wmen they themselves, or their res-

pective subjects or citizens, may havesuffered, of whatever nature they be,whether they have or have not been presented or made until this date, so thatthey are to be considered as entirely can

celled and adjusted, excepting thesewhich are specified in article 1st.

5th. I he treaty ot limits and navigation, of 1795, remains in force in all andeach one of its articles; but, to avoid ques-tions in suture as to the meaning of the1 5th article, in wfuch is is stipulated thatthe slag shall cover the firofierty,thelwahigh contracting parties agree that thismay be so understood with respect tothose powers who recognize this principle; but, is one of the belligerents shouldnot recognize it, the above cited clauseot the said 15th article shall not remainobligatory on either of the two contract-ing parties, who may act as they thinkproper on this point, without giving roomfor complaints or claims, or being considered as infringing the above mentionfed 15th article. . )

6th. Although the two high-contrac-t

ing parties oblige themselves to causethe stipulations contained in this treaty,and in that of limits and of navigation, of1795, to be complied with in all theirparts nevertheless, desirous of avoidingall doubt or misinterpretation of theirrespective clauses, they oblige them-selves to make the declaratj6ns requisitefor the mest exact observance of all thatis above stipulated, as good fajth, andthe honor ot both governments, require

adoptingthe niostefficacious measuresto remedy, and to cut up by the roots, theabuses which, contrary to the laws ofnations, and cqntrary to what is expresslystipulated by the treaty ol 1795, abovecited, daily occur in some ports, of theUnion, m consequence otthe vague andarbitrary. interpretation which it .seemsthe measures until now adopted, are susceptible of, and by which means the law

is eluded.7th. In consideration of the sacrifices

which his Catholic Majesty makes,, de-

priving himself, in savor of the UnitedStates, of the important provinces of thetwo Floridas, to satisfy and U cancel for-ever, all their claims, the UnitetfStateswill certify, in due form, that they havenot received any compersation fromFrance, for the injuries they sufferedfrom her privateers, consuls, and tribunals, on the coasts and in the ports ofSpain, and they will present an authenticstatement of the prises made, arid oftheir true value, that Spam may claimfrom France the return of the amount.

The Secretary of State to thi Luis De Onis.Department of State, ?

Washington, Oct 31, 1818.5Your letter of the 2'4th instant, and

the preposals contained in it, offered asthe basis of a treaty, for the adjustmentof all the subjects in discussion, betweenthe United States and Spain, have "beenreceived and laid before the President ofjthe United States.

I am directed by him, to forbear entering into any examination of the historical disquisition concerning the oneinalpretensions of bpain to all the territoriesbordering on the Gulf of Mexico, andthe whole country, included in theFrench colony of Louisiana, which youhave thought proper to introduce intoyour note. The right of the UnitedStates to the river Mississippi, and allthe waters slowing into it; and to all theterritories watered by them, remains asentire and unshaken by any thing now ad-

duced by you, as by any thing which hadever preceded it, in the discussions between the two governments. It is estabUshed beyond the power of further controversy, nor could it answer any usefulpurpose to reproduce proofs which havealready more than once been shewn, andwhich, remaining unimpaired, musthenceforth be considered by the Unitedbtates not suceptiblc of refutation.

In confining my attention to the propositions which you offer, as the basi of atreaty, I have to observe that any otherproceedings on the first of them havebeen rendered unnecessary by the determination promptly taken by this government and communicated to you, torestore me rorts oi isarrancas ana srMarks, together with Pensacola, to anyperson duly authorised by you, or, otherwise oy your government, to receivethem. You have been informed of theevidence inculpating the Governor ofthose places, not only as having utterlyneglected to carry into effect the stipula-tion in thetreaty of 1795,by whichSpainwasbound tojrestrain,4y,orcir,the Indianswithin-he- r territory, from committinghostilities agairist the U. S., or their citi-

zens; but, as having deeply participatedin the hostilities of those same Indians.You have been informed that these werethe real and only causes of the occupationof those places by the commander of theAmerican forces. Under these circum-stances, however the United States mayregret the necessity of that occupation,it is for the Spanish officers themselvesto answer to' their sovereign for the consequences of their own conduct: and theforbearance ot the United btates, as welln thpif rpinurt for the riwlits and thehonor of Spain, are sufficiently manifest-ed by their "Readiness to restorg.,tne possession, and to consign, to'ulivibn theconduct of those officers of his CatholicMajesty.

The usslessness of any stipulation onthe subject of this is

further demonstrated by the nature olthe second, in which you announce yourauthority to cede all the property andsovereignty possessed by Spain, in andover the Floridas. The effect of thismeasure, being necessarily to remove allcause of contention between the contrading parties, with regard to the pos-

session of those territories, and to everything incidental to them, it would beworse than superfluous to stipulate forrestoring them to Spain, in the very trea-ty by which they are to be ceded in fullsovereignty to the United States. Nei-ther can the U States, recognize as validthe grants of land until this time; and, atthe same time, renounce all their claims,

and tl ose of their cit!zcm,'for damagesand injuries' sustained by thein, and son

yiC ICJJtUUlltm tMVYIlIUlI OUcUll 13 UJ3Wl- -

able to them. It is well known to you,sir, that notice ha$,been given by theMinister of the United States, in Spain,to your government, that all the grants otland lately alleged to have been made byyour government, within those teirito- -

nes, must be cancelled, unless your gov-

ernment shoutd provide some other in-

adequate fund, from which the claimsreferred to, of the United States

and their .citizens, may be' satisfied.From the answers ot Don Jose Pizarroto this notide, we have reason to expectthat you will be sensible 'of that necessi-ty, and that some time must be agreedupon, subsequent to 'which no grant of,the lands within the territories in ques-tion shall be considered as valid.

The boundary line proposed by you,west of the Mississippi, can as little beassented to by the United States. Initcadof it, I am authorized to propose to youthe following, and to assure you that itis to be considered as the final offer onthe part of the-Unite- States.' Beginning at the mouth of the riverSabine, on the Gulf of Mexico: follow-ing the course of the said river, to thethirty-secon- d degree of latitude: the eastern bank and all the islands in said riv-er, to belong to the United States; andwestern bank to Spain thence due northto the northernmost part of the thirty-thir- d

degree of north latitude, and untilit strikes the Rio Roxo, or Red River,thence following the course of the saidriver to its source, touching the chain ofSnor Mountains in latitude 37 deg. 25

min. north, longitude 106 deg. 15 mm.w est, or thereabout, as marked on Me-

lish's map; thence to the summit of thesaid mountains, and following the chainof the same to the 41st parallel of lati-

tude; then.ee following the said parallelof latitude 41, to the south sea. Thenorthern bank of the said Red River, andall the islands therein to belong to theUnited States, and the southern bank ofthe same to Spain.

It is believed that this.line will renderthe appointment of commissioners forfixing it more precisely, unnecessary )

unless it be for the purpose of ascertain-ing the spot where the river Sabine fallsupon latitude 32, north; and thence duenorth, to the Red River, and the pointof latitude 41, north, on the ridge ofthe Snow Mountains. To which ap-

pointment of commissioners this gov-

ernment will readily agree.The United States will agree to the

proposal that the contracting parties shallmutually renounce all claims for dima-ge- s

or injuries which they,'their citizensor subjects have received from each o- -

ther, until the date of the treaty; it being always understood that all grants ofland's m any part of the territories to beceded by Spain to the United States, sub-

sequent to the year, 1802,, are the heldnull and void.

1st. To all the cases of claims provid-ed for by the convention of 1802.

3d. To all claims of indemnities, onaccount of the suspension of the right ofdeposit at New Orleans, in 1802.

4th. And to all claims of citizens ofthe U. States on the government of Spainstatements of which, soliciting the inter-position of the government of the Uni-

ted Slates, shall haVe been, before thedate of thisnreaty, and since the date ofithe convention of 1802, presented either.to the Department of btate(ot the UnitedStates, or to the Minister of the UnitedStates, in Spjin. But not to claims whichthe individuals of the United Statesmayhave against those of Spain, or againstthe Spanish government, on any other ac-

count.The-- United States will exonerate

Spain from all demands in suture,-o- ac-co- ut

of the above mentioned claims; andundertake to make satisfaction for thesame, to an amount not exceeding fivemillions of dollars.

To ascertain tlVe full amount and va-

lidity of those claims, a commission, tocensist of three commissioners, shall beappointed by the President of the UnitedStates, by and with the advice and con-

sent of the Senate, which commissionshall meet at Washington and withinthree years shall receive, examine, anddecide upon the amount and validity ofjall claims coming within the descriptionsabove mentioned. And the Spanish gov-

ernment shall furnish all such documentsand elucidations as may be in their pos-

session, for the adjustment of the saidclaims, according to the principlesof jus-tice: the said documents to be specifiedwhen demanded, at the instance of thesaid' commissioners.

Your fifth proposition is, that the trea-ty ofj limits and navigation of 1795, shallremain in force, in all and each of its articles, with the exception of that part ofthe 15th article, which stipulates thatthe slag shall cover the firoiertu.

The 2d, 3d, 4th, 21st, and the secondclause of the 22d article of the treaty of1795, have either received their entireexecution, and can be no longer consid-ered as remaining in force, or have beenrendered inoperative by subsequent

Whatever relates in them to lim-

its, or to the navigation-o- f the Mississippi,

has been extinguished by the cessionof Louisiana to France, and by her to theUnited State's; with the exception of tUeline between the United States andilolida, which will also be annulled by thecession of Florida, which you now propose. I am authorised to agree to theconfirmation and recognition ofall the remaining articles of that treaty, a's still intorce. And to assent to tne exception,proposed bv you, of part of the 1 5th article; to this extent That, is hereafter,either of the contracting parties shall beat war with a third party, and the otherneutral, the slag of the neutral shall cov-

er the property of enemies, whose go -

ernments recognize the same principle,--and not of others.

Your next proposition is'inadmissible.The United States do not know that anyadditional laws or declarationsare neces-sary to secure the'.fulfilmenton the partof Spain, of her engagements in the trea-ty,- 0f

1795v Numcious and just as theircomplaints Lave been, of the violatiohsotthat treaty, under the authority of Spain,they considertheSpamshgovernment fullycompetent to make reparation for themand to secure the faithful observance oftheir engagements in suture, without newlaws or declarations. Nor are theyaware of any vague or aibitraryinterpretation in any of the ports ofthis union, by which, contrary to the lawsof nations, or to the stipulations ot thetreaty p1795, the law is eludedi Theinterpretation or construction given tothe, stipulations of the treaty of 1795,

-, - ." 'Iwithin the United btates, are subjeqt tothe decisions of the judicial tribunalsof the United btates, who are bbundto consider all treaties as thesupremelaw of the land. Their proceedings areall public, and their decisions upon allquestions of interpretation are recdrdedand published.' In this there is surelynothing vague or arbitiary nothing requiring new laws or declarations. Ut themany complaints which you have addressed to this government, in relation toalleged transactions in our ports, the defi-

ciency has been, not in the meaning orinterpretation of the treaty, but in theproof of the facts which you have stated,or which have been reported to you, tobring the cases of complaint within thescope of the stipulations in the treaty.

In consideration of the cession ot theFloridas, by Spain, to redress and cancelthe claims of the United States and oftheir oitizens upon Spain, and always understood that the late grants of the landsfrom which the indemnity for thoseclaims is to be sought shall be held nulland"Void, the government of the UnitedStates will certify that they have not re-

ceived any compensation from Francefor the-i- juries suffered lrom r rench pn- -

vateeis, consuls jand tribunals on thecoasts and in the ports of Spain; and willpresent an authentic statement ot theprizes made, and of their value ; thatSpain 'may avail herself of it, in suchmanner, as she may deem just'and pro- -

Pei'- - ... ..Upon 'the basis ottered by your propo-

sitions, modified conformably to the observations now submitted to you, I amauthorised to conclude a treaty with youBut,as the session of Congress is at hand,I am directed to request your immedi-ate and frank reply to this. communica-tion. The President is deeply penetivted with the conviction, that further protracted discussion of the points at issuebetween our governments, cannot ter-minate in any manner satisfactory tothem.

"

From your answer to this letterhe must conclude whether a final adjust-ment of all our differences is now to beaccomplished, or whether all hope ofsuch adesirable result is, on the part ofthe United States, to be abandoned.

I pravvou to accept the assuranc ormy distiuguished consideration.

JOHN QUINCY ADAMS,rTheSnanish Minister not acceding1 to the

modification of his propositions, suggested byMr. Adams, the negotiation was suspended;pur Secretary declaring that the American go-

vernment uouldyield nb more than was offered in his tetter J

TltOM THE JlATIOlfAI REGISTER.C

MtJA'D'S REPORT C0J'CERJ'IJ'OCHILE.

A friend, who has read with attention thereport conceminc; Chile, has favore'd us withan accurate abstract of its contents, wliich wchav e now the pleasure of laying before oUr numerous patrons.

Mr. Bland, it will be recollected, was, inpursuance of instructions from the President,lest by his Colleagues, Mr. Rodney and MrGraham, at Buenos Ayres; whence, on the15th of April. 1818, he departed lor Chile,antl o'n the 26th of the same month, arrivedat Mendoza, on the eastern side of the Andes,having travelled, by the way of the post road,a distance of about 900 miles He lest Men-doza on the 29th of April, and crossing theAndes, reached Santiago de Chile on the athof Mav: the whole route being', perhaps,bout 1200 miles At this latter place Mr.Bland presented irmsnlt to Don Antonio JoseTrisarrh. Secretary of State, through whom heobtained an interview with Don Bernardo O'Higgins, the supreme director of Chile. Hewas received with much cordiality by the di-

rector, with whom he had, at different times,very interesting conversations, touching thepresent and suture probable condition of Chile,and the friendly sentiments which the Unitedestates entercaineu lowaius uiat uuumry.

In the several interviews which Mr. Blandhad with the supreme director, he represent-ed to him the good disposition which the gov-ernment of the United States cherished to-

wards the independent authorities of Chile andthe cause in which they were engaged; thesympathy which the free citizens of North

felt for the sufferings of those whowere contending for liberty and emancipation.from the yoke of Old Spainin the southernpart of tre American conunent; and pourtray--ed to him the benehts to be derived trom theestablishment of the representative system, bythe immediate formation ot a Congress.

To these observations O'Hisreins answered,that be was not insensible to the friendship ofthe United States; tlut it was his intention toinstitute a free government ils soon as Chilewas entirety freed of her enemies, and tran- -

rquilized for the purpose: but,t'iat the ptesentmoment was inauspicious tor the commence-ment of so great a work, that, in times of pub.he peril, the piesence of a congress had beensound e'i-cmel- pernicious; that Mexico hadbeen lost by a "congress; that the congress ofVenezuela once lost that country; and thatBuenos Ayres had been endangered by a congress, lately, indeed, he admitted, the latterhad learnt to act more in concert, and w ithgreater propriety.

The supreme director having intimated thatit was expected the United States would re'cognize the independence of Chile, and thatthe Chileans would grant special savors, incommerce, to the nation (and is would begratifying is the United States should be thenatipn,) fist making such recognition: MrBland replied that the single object of his mis-

sion was to make inquiry as to the true posture of aflairsm Chile, that the United States'wolW be tharkful for ary savors of ic k ,,i

hut that they did not ask for them; that all

theydesired was to be put on a louung wmiother nations;' and wore willing to rely? as toany adantages in commerce and navigation,on the skill and industry of their merchantsand seamen;, that he had resorted to Santiagoin grder to'jlrocure, upon the spot, accurateknowledge' of the country, of its institutions,andofit3 capacities in peace and in war; thatthe government of the United States only wish-

ed to see 'its way clearly, and would make noimpropejirse of tjiis information; and that anyparticulars communicated to him fiorrj author-ity might be fconsidered confidential, or other-wise, just as the supreme director might deeramoit proper.

Ihe supreme director, U Higgins, admittedthe propriety of authentic information in orderthat the government of the United StatesTmight act intelligently with regard to aoumAmerican affairs, and told Mr. Bland that hewould cause an official statement to be madeout respecting the condition and resources ofChile and placed in h'rehands for that purpose;which promise the supreme director compliedwith.- - The statement makes a part of Mr.Bland's report concerning Chile.

During the intercourse between 5tr Blandfthe former exnlamed to tht

latter the motives Which actuated the President in the seizure ot Arrielia Island and in dri-ving the banditti from Galveston; and told himthat the freebooters who hadbcenforcedfromthose places were not the only armed vessels;whose officers and crews had1 interrupted thelaw ful commerce of the United States, forthatsome of the privateers cruizing under regularratnot commissions had committed depreda-tions upon their trade: that the United Stateswould, at all hazards, defend the fair traffic oftheir citizens; and that they would do so, evenagainst the Chileans, however painful it mightbe to crush in the germ a growing intimacy be-tween the two people,-an- wliich promised tobe in the sequel fruitful of benefits to thembotn.

O'Higgins did not even know where AmeliaIsland and Galveston were situated, uulil MrBlan'd explained the positions to him. He de-cidedly approved the conduct of the Pre-sident in driving ofi' the pirates fromthence, inasmucli as it tended to nre- -serv'e the character of the Patriot cause fromimputations of an injurious nature: he hadheard of outrages committed by private armedvessels sauing under some ot the independent-flag-

of South America; but that whatevermight hae been the behaviour of the vesselsacting Under commissionsfrom other states, nocharge of the kind could justly, be brought

the Chileans; that, in fact, with the ex-ception of some fishing boats, it" was not untilvery lately that the government of Chile liadhad any Vessels of war underits control: andthat he had taken great care, by giving properinstructions, and by placing suitable superin-tending officers on board, to prevent any de-

parture from the rules of naval warfare pres-cribed by the law of nations.

In one of the conversations which tootplace, Mr. Bland told the supreme directorthat, when he was at Kio Janeiro, (where, itwillbe recollected, Xhs. commissioners touch-ed, on their way to Buenos Ayres,") he hadlearnt, through Mr. Sumter, the minister ofthe United States, from the Spanish ministerresident there, hat Great Britain had been in-duced q take an active part in savor of OldSpain, and had influenced the allied sovereign ?

'Europe to interpose for the adjustment of thedifferences between her and her colonies, andthat the plan of adjustment was to be some-thing- like that which had been formerly rejected by the Cortes, and might be sound in a.

worKinat iihu uccn juuiisncu in Aiig.,uu,"An Outline of the Revolution in Span-

ish America.J'Atfiut, O'Higgins did not believe in the

truth of the information which Mr. Bland hadreceived; he said the British would hardly doso, as they wanted the commerce of Spanish.America; but shortly aster meeting "with hinvagain, the supreme director said he was

it; Tor He had seen captain Shirriff, ofthe British frigate Andromache, in Santiago,who told him that he had in his possession pa-pers on the subject, with which he was goingto Lima,, in Peru. O'Higgins further remark-ed, that all attempts to reconcile the SouthAmericans, short of the acknowledgement oftheir independence, would bcfruitless-- ; andthat a return to allegiance under the govern-ment of Old Spain was wholly out of the question.

On he 9th 6f July Mr. Bland, having receiv-ed the statistical information which the su-

preme director had promised him, took leave-o-

him and the Secretary of State, Irisarn. O'-

Higgins expressed his intention of writing fletter to the President; but whether he did soor not, Mr. .Bland has not distinctly related.

On the 10th of July Mr. Bland lest Santiagode Chile: on the llthhearrivedun Valparaiso,and on the 15th of July he sailed thence l,the brig America, captain Daniel Ilea, and arived, by the w.iy of Cape Horn, at Philadel-phia, on the 29th of October, 18L8.

The narrative of Mr Bland's communications with the supreme director, forms hut asnian portion oi nis iteport concerning utuieHe furnished in addition a very topious description of that region of our hemisphere, i;iwhich lit, now and then, let his fancy get thebetter of his judgment. But frdm the mass orpages which he has written, circumstances oa highly interestinjr complection may be slected. i

From Mr. Bland's account it would see,nthat Chile is a country, (excluding the Magellanic Tract, or New Clule,) of about 1,00miles in extent on the seacoast; that it has imny excellent ports convenient for foreigntrade; that it is a country fruitful in gran ,wine, and oil, and productive in gold, sdveicopper, and tin; that it is destined to be the grnary oi that part of the world; that theoopultion is about 1,200,000 souls; that 800,000 c

these are under the dominion of the Patriotthe remainder being under the jurisdiction fthe royalists; that there are about 50,000 Irwan slaves in all Chile; and bnt very sew slaveof the African race. AH the mechanical arand agriculture" are in a rude state, and throads and pathyaysjn a neglected conditicThe principal articles of export are the meualready mentioned, together with wheat, flohemp, cordage,.hides, tallow, jerked beel,cunia, guanacajchinchilla skins, figs, raisin&c. Of 4,000,000 of dollars worth of irflporin the course of the last vear. two millionsvalue were from CnglatiJ, one fr,pm the Cned iates, and ijne trom liuenos Ayres larticles furnished from the United States J

chiefly tobacco, Windsor chairs, saddlery afurniture Of 'European commodities,Bland thinks the tnanufactures of PranceGer.nany aie preferred The stocks of ca

i c numerous anu nne; xne norses are actspirited serviceable, and cheap; but the mare the common beastb of burden. The sand climate of Chile are different in diffe v

places, from the Straits of Chacao to the nBiobio, it ii woody, feitile and salibnous,is inhabited bv the Araucanians. or naufrom the Biobo to the river Mayle, the cctrv is the same, but the noDulatioft is Spafiom the" Maule 1(5 the Aconcagviea the r rcountry presents Hself, which is less fti ' jJun iue aunacc: antr tue nunc country, jndreary desart "ot Atacama, upwards jot jemiles in , ettejit, afTords a protection to tjjChileans from any invasion by land from Prrom tne unacaoto tnenver ai jfjit rains at any seson: at Santiago tic (CoJ

mere is no ram lor seven months in tne thianu oeyona i apiapo rains are nardij Ki . (j- -J

r in and t. ' ts tar cQuany uwtvv