Restricted FIT 5 0 7 - K E N - 6 2 Terminal Report

KENYA

KENYA RURAL PRESS PROJECT

Project Findings

and Recommendations

Serial N o : RCA/ROSTA/94/01(FIT)

United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization

Nairobi, 1994

THE K E N Y A RURAL PRESS EXTENSION PROJECT

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Summary Sheet Page 3

Executive Summary Page 4

Introduction Page 5

Objectives of the Rural Page 5 Press

Phase One Page 5

Phase T w o Page 6

Phase Three Page 6

Kericho Round Table Page 8

Evaluation Report Page 10

Extension of Phase Three Page 11

Conclusions and Page 12 Recommendations

Annex One Page 13

Annex T w o Page 16

S U M M A R Y S H E E T

Country :

Project Title :

Project Number :

Total Government Contribution :

for Extension Period

Total contribution from B M Z :

in Accrued Interest

Executing Agency :

Title of Report :

Number of Volumes :

Kenya

The Kenya Rural Press Extension (Phase III)

507 K E N 62

Not Applicable

$72,072.00

UNESCO

Terminal Report for the Kenya Rural Press

Extension (Phase III)

15

3

THE KENYA RURAL PRESS EXTENSION (PHASE III) 507 KEN 62

TERMINAL REPORT

EXECUTIVE S U M M A R Y

Introductory Statement

The Plan of Operation for Phase I of the Rural Press Project in Kenya was signed

between the Government of Kenya and U N E S C O in June 1979. This phase continued until

1983, to be succeeded by Phase II from 1984 to 1987. Phase III, the final phase of the project,

lasted from 1987 until 1991.

In response to requests from U N E S C O that the interest accumulated under the project

be used to perform a last overhaul of the project in order to increase its chances of self-

sustainability, the project's major donor, the German Government, agreed in July 1992 to an

extension of project activities in terms of purchasing essential equipment and conducting

training courses.

Since no terminal report was prepared while the former Regional Communication

Adviser for Eastern Africa, M r . E . M o y o , was in office, the current R C A , M r . Alonso Aznar,

has prepared this report on the basis of evaluations, progress reports and other relevant

documentation pertaining to the Rural Press Project.

Project Activities

The project secured the equipment and materials needed, trained the required

personnel and established 11 rural newspapers throughout the country.

Conclusion

From the evaluations performed and other reports submitted to U N E S C O , there is no

doubt that rural newspapers are an appropriate information and communication strategy in

supporting development processes of rural societies.

The overwhelming interest and enthusiastic embrace of this project by the rural

communities are testimony to the fact that such newspapers are ideal for information

communication for rural development empowerment and furtherance of participatory

democracy.

4

1. INTRODUCTION

1.0 The Development of the Rural Press in Kenya

In the 1960s, U N E S C O embarked on a global experimental programme for

"functional education". Specifically designed for rural populations, the programme has been

recognized as the best approach for the reinforcement of literacy skills as well as increasing

the knowledge of those people living in rural areas about their o w n socio economic and

cultural environment.

In 1974, the Government of Kenya requested U N E S C O to assist it in establishing a

rural newspaper as a pilot project to determine the feasibility of setting up rural newspapers

throughout the country. This was in line with the Government's belief that the development

of communication infrastructures and systems in the rural areas would lead to the effective

integration of the rural populations into the mainstream of communication patterns in the

country. A s a result, "Kisomo" was launched in Murang'a District in 1975, a newspaper

which proved to be extremely popular with those inhabitants of the Central Province, w h o

had until then felt neglected by the mainstream media. B y 1992, "Kisomo" had acquired a

monthly circulation of 10,000 copies.

The success of the pilot project enabled the Government to decide on a programme of

expansion to establish rural newspapers for the nation.

1.1 Objectives of the K e n y a Rural Press Project

• Encourage effective dialogue between the people and the Government

• Promote social and economic welfare at the grassroots level

• Promote adult education, literacy and Kiswahili

• Express the people's aspirations in government programmes

• Create and preserve social and cultural values among Kenyans

• Fill the gap left by the national newspapers, which cater mostly for the urban elite

2.0 PHASE O N E - 1980 to 1984 After entering into a Funds-in-Trust arrangement with the Federal Republic of

Germany, the Plan of Operation for the Kenya Rural Press Project was signed between

U N E S C O and the Government of the Republic of Kenya on June 1, 1979.

Phase I of the Project was launched in January 1980, with its immediate objectives

including the training of staff, establishment of printing units and the provision of simple

reading materials for new literates.

U N E S C O committed itself to provide training for staff as well as supplying

equipment while the Government's contribution towards the project was to consist of office

5

accommodation, local staff and budgetary provisions for recurrent expenditure such as travel

for local staff, utilities and miscellaneous expenditure.

Phase I surpassed its initial goal by establishing three rural newspapers - one

provincial and two district-based - instead of the anticipated two papers which had been spelt

out in the project document. These newspapers, "Sautiya Kericho" in Kericho, "Sautiya

Pwani" in Mariakani and "Sauti ya Gusii" in Kisii, were officially handed over to the

Government in 1984, gradually achieving the long-term objectives with each n e w issue.

3.0 PHASE T W O -1984 to 1987 After noting the success and important role that Phase I newspapers had played in the

development of rural areas, the Government of Kenya requested an extension of the rural

press project into a second phase. With additional funding provided by the F R G ,

implementation of Phase II commenced in July 1983.

Phase II witnessed the elaboration of "District socio-economic profiles" by

consultancy firms and university departments sub-contracted by U N E S C O . These profiles

consisted of well-researched ethnographies aimed at providing each field editor with a basic

understanding of his target audience.

After purchasing the necessary equipment, induction courses on newspaper operations

designed for the entire staff of each newspaper were carried out. In addition, tailor-made

courses for reporters, printers, typesetters, photographers and lay-out artists were also

provided for the rural press staff.

Pursuing the same objectives as under Phase I, the project established an additional

four newspapers: "Nyotaya Mashariki" based in Machakos, "Nyotaya Magharibi" in Vihiga,

"Jicho" in Siaya and "Nuru" in Isiolo. These newspapers were handed over to the

Government in March 1987.

4.0 PHASE THREE - 1987 to 1991 After an evaluation performed by the donor, F R G , in June 1986, the project was

further expanded into Phase III following a request from the Government of Kenya.

This third phase aimed at establishing an additional three newspapers as well as

rehabilitating a stagnant Government publication, "Habarï". The newspapers established

during this final phase were: "Maarifa", based in Murang'a, "Mwangaza" in Kabarnet,

"Nhao" based in Naivasha and "Habari" in Garissa.

Several factors delayed implementation during 1989: late deliveries of equipment

accompanied by delays in the purchasing and refurbishing of accommodation for the

newspaper based at Naivasha by the Ministry of Information in 1988 resulted in the

postponement of each project activity.

6

4.1 Training Courses

All planned induction courses which formed an integral part of the Rural Press Project

had been completed by 1989 and attended by 87 rural press employees. The eleventh

induction course took place in the summer of 1989 for the staff of "Ngao", the last paper

established under this project. 230 trainees also benefited from the 42 specialized courses

held between 1980 and 1991, with the majority attending more than one course, in areas as

diverse as graphic reproduction, rural reporting, equipment maintenance and

photojournalism.

Further to a photography course organized by U N E S C O in 1989, the rural papers

demonstrated a marked improvement in the standard of photographs.

However, despite the emphasis placed on training, the newspapers today suffer from a

shortage of qualified staff. The project has experienced a noticeable defection of its personnel

since its inception, since qualified staff are often tempted to leave for more lucrative jobs.

The feeling is apparent among all rural press employees that the salary scale offered by the

Government is inadequate.

4.2 Equipment

All the equipment for the Phase III newspapers has been installed and is in full use

and includes (for each paper) vehicles ( 4 W D cars and motorcycles), Heidelberg G T O presses,

dark room equipment, graphic arts supplies, electronic phototypesetters, typewriters, personal

computers and a number of expandable items of office supplies. The printing quality of all

Phase III papers is, courtesy of the Heidelberg printing machine, superior to others which still

work with Rotaprint machines.

S o m e of the equipment provided during the project's lifespan has degraded

considerably, as has been pointed out by the editor's of "Sauti ya Pwani", "Nuru" and "Nyota

ya Mashariki", which were visited by U N E S C O ' s Regional Communication Adviser in 1991.

Financial constraints render it difficult to solve the relatively minor problems associated with

maintenance of the project equipment.

4.3 Printing equipment

Maintenance of the printing presses poses a problem which is exacerbated by an alleged lack

of manpower: editors of the rural press feel that only one of the three technicians employed

under the project is experienced and sufficiently qualified to maintain and service the

project's printing presses. This technician is based in Kabarnet and travels throughout the

country when his services are required. The frequent breakdown of the printing presses and

the long journeys made by this technician causes considerable delays in production as well as

high expenditure.

7

4.4 Vehicles

The unavailability of spare parts coupled with the lack of funds to purchase them

affects the logistical side of operations. In terms of transportation, most rural press sites

comprise a car and motorcycle use for both the delivery of the newspapers and the collection

of information.

The breakdown of a vehicle can result in journalists and distributors relying on public

transport, meaning that a newspaper is often completely immobilized.

4.5 Newsprint

Due to financial constraints, the Department of Information is often unable to

replenish each newspaper's stock of newsprint in time to print the next issue.

4.6 Lay-out

The newspapers established under Phase III are not produced using Desk Top

Publishing techniques, although D T P programmes, such as Ventura and Pagemaker, have

been available in Kenya since 1988. Rural press staff have been trained in techniques of cold

phototypesetting, a technology which is gradually being replaced with faster, more

economical D T P .

One of the advantages of using D T P in the Kenyan context is that hardware and

software problems can be solved much faster than when a problem occurs with a

phototypesetting machine since there are m a n y computer companies in Kenya but only one

firm that deals with phototypesetting.

5.0 Monitoring and Evaluation of the Rural Press

The Kenya Rural Press Extension Project has been examined and monitored at regular

intervals through individual and concerted efforts by Kenya's Ministry of Information and

Broadcasting, the Federal Republic of Germany and U N E S C O , w h o ensured that deadlines

were met, bureaucratic goals realized, the aspirations of Kenyan rural citizens fulfilled and

the taxpayers money put to the best possible use. The fact that project implementation was

smooth, sometimes going beyond the expected financial feasibility, attests to the success of

these efforts.

5.1 Kericho R o u n d Table, July 1990

In an effort to assess the total performance of the Kenya Rural Press's eleven

newspapers, U N E S C O organized the Kericho Rural Press Round Table from July 24 - 27

1990. The Round Table was attended by Ministry of Information officials, eleven editors,

three technicians, one operator and thirteen field reporters from the rural press as well as

U N E S C O representatives.

8

Listed below are the most salient points of the discussions:

5.2 Regular Publications

• The Rural Press has the potential to become financially self-sufficient, if not

profitable. However, in order to achieve this the newspapers will first have to ensure regular

publication. It was agreed by all participants that the main obstacle to the self-sustainability

of the papers is the erratic time lapses between issues caused by the periodic malfunctioning

of crucial equipment (vehicles, printing presses, phototypesetters) combined with occasional

delays in the restocking of newsprint.

5.3 Advertising

• The irregular intervals between publications has resulted in the disinterest of potential

advertisers, such as national and multinational corporations, that market their goods in rural

areas.

Several meetings between project officers (both national and international) and

project personnel have taken place to assess the potential of the Rural Press to generate

additional funds from advertisers and the private sector. It would appear that an increase in

revenue could be generated primarily through the commercial use of the printing presses

when they are idle as well as by increasing the number of adverts.

5.4 Centralization of decision-making

• Mos t editors present at the meeting deplored the centralization of all decision-making

power to the Directorate of Information, claiming that the main obstacle to a dynamic and

financially self-sufficient rural press is excessive bureaucracy. They cited as an example the

fact that each newspaper is obliged to return whatever income it generates to the Central

Treasury only to request it back when funds are required for repairs etc.

5.5 Purchasing of equipment

• For the ordering of important items of equipment, the editors must channel their

requests through the Directorate of Information, which frequently causes delays in the

purchasing of the goods.

5.6 Delegation of w o r k

• Several participants complained that the number of people in charge of the project is

excessive. F rom District and provincial authorities to the Directorate of Information, m a n y

individuals are responsible for various aspects of the newspapers' operations. This situation

allegedly causes delays, misunderstandings as well as a general atmosphere of

9

unaccountability for any errors since all the responsibilities held by different individuals are

interdependent.

The editors suggested that they be granted greater freedom in running the day to day

operations of their newspaper in order to increase productivity, thereby encouraging

competition between each other as well as eliminating long, bureaucratic delays caused by

the present lack of decision-making power of the editors.

6.0 Evaluation Report, N o v e m b e r 1990

In the Kenya Rural Press - Phase III Evaluation Report of November 1990, conducted by M s .

Christina Donat and Christine Peronne for the B M Z and U N E S C O respectively, it was

recommended that Phase III be extended until the end of 1991.

6.1 T h e main recommendations m a d e in the Report were as follows:

• This extension "should be considered as a phase of consolidation and an additional

training period not only for the newspapers of Phase III but also in conjunction with those

established during Phase I and II."

• Greater emphasis should be placed on further training of staff.

• Financing of a study focusing on ways to make rural newspapers financially more

independent by acquiring more advertisements and increasing the commercial use of the

printing and photographic equipment for local orders.

• Training courses in the following fields:

Management

Archives, library and filing courses

Layout and typesetting

Newspaper production

Introduction of non-professionals into the handling of technical equipment

Kiswahili refreshment courses

Specialized short courses for editorial staff on development topics, e.g. Adult

Education, Family Planning, Ecology etc.

Visualization of technical information, cartoons and messages

Workshops on the role, function and use of oral history, literature and

traditions

Workshops for stringers and corespondents

Marketing and acquisition of adverts

• Equipment: The Government should be responsible for the replacement of all

technical equipment, vehicles etc. which had been paid for by U N E S C O in the initial

phases.

• A small price increase for papers could be introduced

10

• Salary increase and improved career opportunities for editorial staff

7.0 Extension of Phase III - July 1992 - December 1993

7.1 In order to strengthen the project's infrastructure so as to ensure its self-sustainability

beyond the period of external funding, B M Z agreed in July 1992 to release the interest

accrued under the project, which was used for the purchasing of D T P hardware and software

and for the training of rural press staff in its use.

7.2 Establishment of Regional Production Centres

So as to comply with the project's requirements for the concentration of production

services in regional centres, which already have good printing facilities, it was decided to

establish Regional Production centres. The purpose of these regional centres would be to

provide desktop publishing and printing services to neighbouring papers unable to operate

equipment which is n o w obsolete and are consequently unable to produce their papers on a

regular basis. With the regional centres providing high quality services, those newspapers

unable to print their o w n material should n o w be able to concentrate on the journalistic

production of their papers, in terms of news collection, processing and diffusion).

7.3 Purchasing of equipment

It was decided to purchase desktop publishing programmes and hardware

(workstations and laser printers) so as to substantially reduce the production costs of the

papers, increase the regularity of publication and improve the graphic quality of the products.

T o this end, I B M compatible computers and appropriate software were purchased for

the sites of Naivasha, Garissa, Kabarnet and Mariakani.

7.4 Training courses

On-the-job training courses for technical staff and operators in the use of the

equipment and as well as in page layout, photographic digitalization, text processing and

page making were also carried out between M a y and October 1993.

In June 1993, a training course in Desk Top Publishing was carried out for the

Ministry of Information and Broadcasting personnel responsible for the supervision of the

regional rural press centres.

Three final training courses were conducted between November and December 1993

in Kabarnet, Mariakani and Nairobi. The training course in Mariakani comprised 5

supplementary staff from the coastal rural newspapers while the staff of Information House in

Nairobi were retrained in back-up services. Rural press employees in Kabarnet underwent an

advanced D T P training course.

11

8.0 Conclusions / Recommendations

The Rural Press Project has resulted in the creation of 11 rural newspapers that have

been instrumental in the integration of the rural population in the national development effort

at the grassroots level. According to assessments made by international agencies and high

level communication specialists, the project has been a success for it has set the ground for

the effective participation of the rural population in supporting educational, health and

cultural activities.

Despite the shortcomings described above, the fact remains that the rural newspapers

are still an extremely successful tool for drawing the rural populations into the age of

information. The papers have also avoided being manipulated in such a w a y as to be used for

propaganda purposes by politicians The undeniable proof of the overall success of the Project

is that all long-term and short-term objectives have been achieved, sometimes even beyond

expectations (e.g. under Phase I, three rather than two newspapers were established). Not

only have the newspapers fulfilled the official goals and objectives listed in the project

document, but they have become an integral part of rural life in Kenya. The newspapers have

become the most appropriate m e d i u m for a n e w Rural Development strategy. In contrast to

the national newspapers, the rural press aims at and has become an effective med ium for the

rural population in simple but grammatically correct Kiswahili. The papers are being read by

individuals and in groups by the literates to those w h o cannot read; failures and successes of

communities are being portrayed in such a w a y that others learn on a horizontal level from

each other. The papers are also a source of information about activities occurring in

neighbouring districts.

The problems highlighted above all stem from the fundamental reality of any

developing country: the lack of financial resources. However, the financial resources of the

rural newspapers can be increased, as was discussed above, through the active pursuit of

income-generating ventures.

Financial self-reliance of the rural newspapers will be attained mainly through an

increase in the selling of advertising space. This can only be achieved through the more

regular production and distribution of the newspapers.

12

A N N E X 1

Obligations relating to consultants, training courses, fellowships awarded

and equipment purchased under the K e n y a Rural Press Project extension

CONSULTANTS

L. Zambarakji 811.291.3 Installation of D T P equipment in Naivasha

FELLOWSHIPS Not Applicable

TRAINING C O U R S E S Transmission Data - 811.275.3 Assess and install Desk Top Publishing equipment in Naivasha, Kabamet, Garissa and Mariakani and provide on-site training for technical staff and operators in the use of the equipment. N o . of trainees - Kabarnet -12

Other sites- 10 Dates: 01.02.93-30.06.93

Transmisión Data - 811.275.3A (Amendment to the above-mentioned contract - actually paid for from Commedia Project funds) Organize training courses for the staff of the following newspapers on the topics listed below: Mariakani Kabarnet Nairobi Kisii Siaya N o . of trainees - 20 Dates: 1-31 October 1993

Page layout and photographic digitilization Page layout an page making, photographic digitilization Text processing and page layout Text processing and page layout Text processing and page layout

13

C o m p u t e c h - 811.284.3 Training course for staff of the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting responsible for supervising the regional rural press centres. In particular, the courses covered: 1. Advanced Desk Top Publishing processes 2. Text and Image processes 3. Trouble shooting at the level of software maintenance.

N o . of trainees - 8 Dates: 7-18 June 1993

Ministry of Information and Broadcasting - 811.288.3 Provisions to cover D S A and travel allowances for Kenya Rural Press staff to attend training course in Desk Top Publishing.

N o . of trainees - 3 Dates: 1 - 30.06.93

Transmission Data - 811.299.3 Training course in Nairobi for staff of the Kenya Rural Press Project in Desk Top Publishing using pagemaker. N o . of trainees - 2 Dates: 3-7 January 1994

Training course in Kabarnat for staff of the Kenya Rural Press Project in: Microsoft Disk Operating System Microsoft Windows Microsoft W o r d for Windows Desk Top Publishing using Pagemaker Corel Draw

N o . of trainees - 12 Dates: 17-21 November 1993

Transmission Data - 811.303.3 Organize the retraining of the staff of Information House, Nairobi, in back-up services. Training of 5 supplementary staff from coastal rural newspapers. Contract to cover D S A and transportation costs for 12 participants from Kabarnet for an additional training course in Desk Top Publishing. N o . of trainees: Kabarnet - 12

Mariakani - 5

14

MISSIONS

A. Aznar- 811.276.3 D S A costs to cover mission to Kajiado and Nakuru from 2-5 March 1993 to meet with District Development Committees for preparation of a National Communication Strategy for Development project.

J. Otano - 811.278.3 D S A and petrol costs to drive R C A on mission to Kajoado and Nakuru from 2-5 March 1993.

J Otano - 811.292.3 Provisions for fuel, car maintenance expenses and D S A for Otano driving R C A to the following rural press sites: Naivasha, Kisii, Kisumu, Kabarnet and Mariakani.

EQUIPMENT

South Texas Electronics - 811.267.3 Purchasing of S Q L Windows Developer

Datalink-811.273.3 Purchasing of 2 Laser Tone cartridges for Panasonic Facsimile machine.

Texada-811.286.3 Purchasing of Desk Top Publishing equipment for rural press sites.

Ministry of Information - 811.293.3 Repairs to Rural Press Project vehicle based at Mariakani.

K . J. Office Supplies - 811.295.3 Advance yearly labour contract charges for photocopying machine

Marshalls - 811.296.3 Maintenance and repair of Rural Press vehicles.

Texada Limited - 811.297.3 Repairs and replacement of file server hard disk and Panasonic printer

Business Machines Ltd. - 811.298.3 Computer repairs - Upgrading of memory for Olivetti P C S 286

Texada Limited - 811.300.3 Purchasing of computer software for Kenya Rural Press centres at Kabartnet and Mariakani.

Computech-811.301.3 Purchasing of Bubble Jet cartridges for printer.

15

ANNEX 2

REPUBLIC OF KENYA

MINISTRY OF INFORMATION AND BROADCASTING

RURAL PRESS

ANNUAL REPORT, YEAR 1994

With Compliments of:

EDITOR, MWANGAZA - NEWSPAPER KABARNET

16

MINISTRY OF INFORMATION AND BROADCASTING

M W A N G A Z A RURAL NEWSPAPER, P.O. BOX 5, KABARNET.

K B T / I N F / M W A 7 A N N . R E P 7 5 / ( 5 )

15th March, 1995

Hie Provincial Information Officer, Rift Valley Province, P . O . B o x 1493, NAKURU.

RE; ANNUAL REPORT -1994

The Editor Mwangaza Rural Newspaper has the pleasure (b present his Annual Report for the year, 1995.

JOSEPH KIPKOECH, FOR; EDITOR MWANGAZA.

Copies to>

The Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, P . O . Box 30025, NAIROBI.

The Director of Information, Information House, P . O . B o x 8053, N A I R O B I .

U N E S C O Regional Advisor, P. O . Box 305592, N A I R O B I .

The District Commissioner, Baringo District, P.O.Box 1, KABARNET.

Baringo District Information Documentation Centre, KABARNET.

The Provincial Archives Officer, P . O . Box 28, NAKURU.

A11D.I.O.S and Rural Press Editors

P R O D U C T I O N

Over 16,830 copies of Mwangaza Newspaper, which serves nine Districts of Rift Valley Province; Baringo, Keiyo, Marakwet, Uasin Gishu, Trans-Nzoia, Nandi, West Pokot, Samburu, Turkana and Eldama Ravine Sub-district; were produced and shared out among the respective stations.

A total of six issues (61 - 66) were produced in the year under review. As in the previous year, the office would not produce as scheduled owing to inadequate funds to purchase printing materials and run transport facilities.

Issues No.s 61,62,63,64,65 and 66 were produced in March, April, M a y , August, September and December respectively.

The office could not produce Mwangaza Newspaper in January and February due to delay of A.I.E. allocation which in turn delayed procurement of printing materials from the dealers. Also, our field stations did not send us editorial material (news stories and features) in good time. This factor made the office to delay the production of the newspaper as there were no representative news and feature stories.

In addition, the office could not produce Mwangaza newspaper in June, October and November due to lack of newsprint

In all, SO commercial jobs were done worth 135,196/=, 115 advertisements worth 63,325/=, 50 news stories, 48 features, 49 photographs and six editorials were carried.

F I E L D E D I T O R S M E E T I N G O N 18/3/94 A T K T T A L F

This was the first one. It was chaired by the Rift Valley Provincial Information Officer, M r . Jasper Okoth. The directorate was f epresented by Messrs Kweya Ayanga and Jones Opanga.

The officers from the Directorate noted great improvement of the editorial material and language used in Mwangaza Rural Newspaper. They urged all field editors to step up their efforts in collecting and properly accounting for revenue generated from advertisements and sale of Mwangaza.

M r . Opanga conveyed a message from the Directorate that the Rural Press stations in the country had been given a go ahead to do semi-commercial printing at subsidized rates.

R U R A L P R E S S M E E T I N G IN N A I R O B I - 29/3/94.

The meeting held at the Directorate was for all Rural Press editors, printers and sales executive. The meeting outlined modalities for semi-commercial printing. A new rate card - w.e.f. 1/5/94, for the cover price of the Rural Newspapers was also introduced during the meeting. The cover price for Mwangaza therefore rose from Shs.2.00 to Shs.3.00 while that of advertisement rose from 11 - 50 percent.

VIELD E D I T O R S M E E T I N G A T K A B A R N E T - 7/10/94

The Directorate was represented by Messrs Anthony Nyundo Binns Snr., Jones Opanga and Kweya Ayanga. The meeting deliberated bn content, language and generally suitability of stories used in Mwangaza Rural Newspapers.

Mwangaza Rural Newspaper was lauded for its good work and urged to improve further in commercial work and production of the newspaper.

The following table gives the summary of the total number of newspapers produced in a particular month and the news items carried:-

M O N T H ISSUE N O . COPIES PROD. ADVERTS STORTES FEATURES PHOTOS CARTOONS EDITORIAL

January - - - - - - " -February - - . . . . . March 61 3,300 9 8 11 8 April 62 2,730 6 7 12 9 -May 63 2,800 16 11 9 13 1 August 64 2,700 5 11 4 4 September 65 3,000 45 8 5 8 -October - - . . . . November - - - - - • «JÉ December 66 2,300 34 5 7 7 :? if

S T A T I O N

1. Baringo (Mwangaza)

2. Turkana

3. Uasin Gishu

4 . Eldama Ravine

5. Elgeyo / Marakwet

6. West Pokot

7. Samburu

8. Nandi

9. Trans Nzoia

Total

COMMERCIAL W O R K :

NO. ADVERTS

67

17

8

8

4

4

3

-

-

AMOUNTS rSHS.l

39,775/=

9,000/=

6,900/=

3,350/=

2,050/=

1,250/=

1,000/=

-

-

63,325/=

W e started doing commercial work from July, 1994. Below is the summary of the jobs undertaken in the second half of the year:-

1ST JULY. 1994 TO 31ST DECEMBER, 1994 N o . jobs undertaken

50 only

N a m e of Officer P . K . A . Chepkwony P. M . Mutisya Fredrick Opete Ezekiel Cheptumo

P. D . Gwaro Ogaro Joseph Kipkoech Albert Ottemah Joshua Amaingu

Station Kabamet Kabarrnet Kabamet Kabamet

Mwangaza Mwangaza Mwangaza Mwangaza

James Omare Lodwar & Mwangaza James Kiptisia

S a m m y Wekesa j'ohn Ngetich Iten &

Gerald Mutsotso Joseph Migwi Joseph Nyataya

Douglas Kaunda Teresia Yulu Faynie Kagika

John Mahare Absolom Kamidi Makworo John Oroni Divinson O . Osinde Leonard Wekesa

Robert Chepkwony Moses Marta Eunice Adhiambo

Immaculate Maima

Njoroge Mwaura

Mwangaza

Iten Kapsowar

Eldama Ravine Eldama Ravine Eldama Ravine

Eldoret Eldoret Eldoret

Kitale Kitale Kitale Kitale Kitale Kitale

Kapsabet Kapsabet Kapsabet

Kapenguria

Maralal

Amount (Kshs.)

135,196/=

CONTRIBUTION CHART

Stories/Features 5 3 6 1

4 11 10 2 4 1

7 3

1 2 1

3 4 2

2 2 1 1 1 1

2 2 1

1

2

Photos Cartoons 2 ---

1 --13 -1

4 -

. --

. --

.

.

. -. -

. --

-

-

----

------

--

. --

. --

.

.

.

.

. -

-• - -

•

Editorial

---

1 4 1 ---

--

. --

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All reporters work for the Editor and die D J . O .

RELATIONSHIP

T h e office maintained sound relationship with all the Government departments and the general public throughout the year.

FIELD STATIONS;

They gave M w a n g a z a m a x i m u m support in the provision of editorial material and soliciting of advertisements, except Kapsabet and Kitale which failed to solicit advertisements. The field stations should strive to improve on soliciting of advertisements and commercial work to enable mwangaza realize its revenue collection target

V I S I T O R S :

T h e following are some of the visitors w h o visited the station during the year under review:-

P A T E N A M E TITLE A D D R E S S

22-2-94 Moses Wanga Project Manager UNICEF Baringo Field station P.O. Box 385, K A B A R N E T .

25-2-94 Rev. Daniel Chemon Regional Chairman Full Gospel Churches of Kenya P. O . Box 46, K A B A R N E T

»-8-94 Jasper A. Okoth P. 1.0. (R.V.P.) / P. O . Box 1493, N A K U R U *

7-10-94

6-10-94 Moses K. Chepkonga Ag. Manager World Vision, Kabarnet P. O . Box 173, K A B A R N E T

7-10-94 KweyaAyanga From the Directorate, Nairobi P.O.Box 8053, NAIROBI Jones W . Opanga "

" Anthony Nyundo Binns Snr. » « »

THANKS

JOSEPH K. KJPKOECH For: EDITOR MWANGAZA RURAL - NEWSPAPER

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