key idea #13 following fertilization, cells divide and become specialized for specific functions
TRANSCRIPT
Key Idea #13 Following fertilization, cells divide and
become specialized for specific functions.
http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://image.wistatutor.com/content/feed/u2077/Multicellular%2520Organisms.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.tutorvista.com/topic/types-of-multicellular-organisms&usg=__yq7LX05ipxlDrsajgMhnNsQiEYo=&h=600&w=714&sz=52&hl=en&start=0&zoom=1&tbnid=DKWjdNXCXbMmoM:&tbnh=127&tbnw=151&ei=hpROTfCCO8PogAffyeHzDw&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddifference%2Bbetween%2Bsingle%2Band%2Bmulticelled%2Borganisms%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN%26biw%3D1003%26bih%3D567%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1&um=1&itbs=1&iact=rc&dur=578&oei=hpROTfCCO8PogAffyeHzDw&esq=1&page=1&ndsp=15&ved=1t:429,r:1,s:0&tx=91&ty=79
What do you want to be when you grow up?
There are many important jobs that grown ups do to keep our world running smoothly.
Whether doctors, teachers, builders, engineers, farmers, etc, everyone learns a specific skill which they can then use to help everyone else.
Just like people, cells specialize in important jobs.
During early embryonic development, the cells of the body became specialized for different activities in a process called cell differentiation.
Following fertilization, cell division produces a small cluster of cells that then differentiate by appearance and function to form the basic tissues, organs, and organ systems of multi-cellular organisms.
Googleimages.com
Specialized Cells are very different from each
other in size and structure are only found in multi-
celled organisms and carry out different functions from each other
– Cells that become liver cells express a specific set of “liver genes”
make up different kinds of body tissues, organs, and organ systems that function together
Epidermis and cuticle: prevents dehydration. Green chlorophyll containing cells: perform
photosynthesis Guard Cells: help to regulate the rate of
transpiration by opening and closing the stomata.
Xylem Xylem tissues are
tubes that carry materials from the roots to the leaves.
FYI– Roots soak up water
and minerals from the soil.
– Cells need minerals in their activities.
Phloem Phloem tissues are
tubes that carry sugar (glucose) away from the leaves to be used by other parts of the plant.
FYI– In trees, phloem located
just below the bark.– As the phloem cells
form, they push out old phloem which makes up the bark.
Tissues are made up of groups of similar
specialized cells.
http://theodoreschwann5.blogspot.com/2008_01_01_archive.html
A variety of specialized cells formed through cell division make up different tissues, performing different functions.
http://wpcontent.answers.com/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/Cell_differentiation.gif
Types of Animal Tissues epithelial tissue
– outer skin cells connective tissue
– cartilage cells– fat cells– blood cells– bone cells– inner skin cells
muscular tissue – muscle cells
nervous tissue– nerve cells
Types of Plant Tissues Vascular tissue
– transports materials through the plant
– Made up of xylem and phloem cells
Epidermal tissue– protective covering– outer surface of leaf cells
Ground tissue– storage and support
Photosynthetic layers of cells
http://www.progressivegardens.com/knowledge_tree/tissue.jpg
Organs are a group of different tissues working
together performing a specific job.
http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://bioserv.fiu.edu/~walterm/FallSpring/review1_fall05_chap_tissue5_files/image001.gif&imgrefurl=http://bioserv.fiu.edu/~walterm/FallSpring/review1_fall05_chap_tissue5.htm&usg=__GllJNQu5BxmBxbRqGCyP9zmbbLo=&h=395&w=535&sz=64&hl=en&start=15&zoom=1&tbnid=KxqvyTtVDCeyoM:&tbnh=127&tbnw=172&ei=B2BPTcmkG4X6lweK99AM&prev=/images%3Fq%3Danimal%2Borgans%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26biw%3D1003%26bih%3D567%26tbs%3Disch:10%2C496&um=1&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=232&vpy=197&dur=204&hovh=193&hovw=261&tx=153&ty=123&oei=-F9PTfPqLpH1gAeM5NnZDw&esq=2&page=2&ndsp=15&ved=1t:429,r:6,s:15&biw=1003&bih=567
Animal organs include
stomach liver kidney heart lungs skin skeleton muscles, etc…
http://www.grizzlybird.net/greenparenting/tips.gif
FYI: The heart is an organ
that includes muscle, epithelial, connective (blood) tissue.
Leaves, stems, and roots are organs made up of dermal, vascular, and ground tissue.
The Shoot System Above ground
(usually) Elevates the plant
above the soil Many functions
including: – photosynthesis – reproduction &
dispersal – food and water
conduction
http://www.uic.edu/classes/bios/bios100/summer2005/plantbod.gif
The Root System Underground
(usually) Anchor the plant in
the soil Absorb water and
nutrients Conduct water and
nutrients Food Storage
http://www.uic.edu/classes/bios/bios100/summer2005/plantbod.gif