Slide 1

Key Milestones Objective Develop a wideband instrument (8 GHz 40 GHz) in support of Snow and Cold Land Processes (SCLP) mission as defined by the Decadal Survey. Perform both ground (Radar) and airborne experiments (Synthetic aperture radar/radiometry) using wideband passive arrays. Demonstrate improved Snow Water Equivalent measurements from ground and airborne experiments using new processing algorithms. Approach: WISM sensor is a new capability, offering a broadband, multi- function, software reconfigurable instrument. Dipole Layer Balun Layer Combiner Layer Single 8 GHz 40 GHz feed replaces multiple feeds, reducing size/weight Mission Description Implement a version of Harris Current Sheet Array (CSA) antenna technology operating from 8 GHz 40 GHz Fabricate the passive array, baluns, and power combiners to build the antenna using Polystrata process Utilize Harris ongoing Software Defined Radio development to achieve a wideband, software reconfigurable instrument CoIs/Partners: Leung Tsang, Univ. of Washington; Paul Racette, GSFC; Felix Miranda, GRC; Hans-Peter Marshall, Boise State Univ.; Scott Meller, Nuvotronics 1.Review of SAR/Radiometer enhancements 07/14 2.Perform airborne validation of snow measurement 01/15 3.Implement SAR and radiometer frequency expansions 09/16 4.Perform airborne validation of snow-free measurement 10/15 5.Perform airborne validation of peak snow measurement 04/16 6.Data Processing and Final Reporting 03/17 TRL in = 3 TRL current = 3 1 Slide 2 Requirements at a Glance TRL in = 3 TRL current = 3 1.Proposed flight dates and hours: Year 1 Campaign, 12 Flight Hours; 01/12/15 01/20/15 Year 2 Campaign, 12 Flight Hours; 10/12/15 10/20/15 Year 3 Campaign, 12 Flight Hours; 03/31/16 04/07/16 2.Location we wish to operate the aircraft: Grand Junction Colorado 3.Drawings/analysis that exist for WISM: See Charts 6 15 4.Number of people we wish to fly on the aircraft? 2 3 5.Map of flight lines: See Chart 4 for Preliminary Are of Investigation 15 km x 3 km, details will be provided 1 week prior to campaign 6.Special requirements for the instrument or flight operations (aircraft flight restrictions such as bank angle, requirement for gases or liquids to support the instrument, etc.): See Chart 8 9 for preliminary info, details will be provided 1 week prior to campaign 7.Power requirements for the instrument? Radiometer: 28 V, 160 W | Radar: TBD 8.Size of the instrument: See Charts 12 13 9.Weight of the instrument and rack components: Approximately 600 lbs 700 lbs 10.Total number of racks needed: 2 11.Are you using vendor supplied racks: Vendors Supplied Racks 2 Slide 3 WISM Flight Path Planning Site Location: the Grand Mesa in Colorado, Altitude 9.5 kft SWE is Well Studied in this Region Ground Truth Has Been Validated via HP Mashall, PhD TOI Flight Facility Close by in Grand Junction Flight Altitude: 9 kft Above Site Aircraft - Antenna Considerations Total Altitude: 20 kft Velocity: 72 m/s Altitude: 2.8 km Swath @ Altitude: 0.5 km Flight Plan Estimates Raster Type Scan Area: 15 km x 3 km Starting Point: Longitude 39, Latitude -108, UTM Zone 12 6 7 Lines/Passes 20 Total Lines With Repeat Passes 20 Min per Line (With Turns); 2 Hrs 2.5 Hrs per Flight Ground Truth Data 15 km 3 km Site 3 Slide 4 WISM IIP Airborne Experiments First Campaign, Jan 2015: Baseline SWE Measurement Integration and Certification: 4 5 Days Mission and Test Flights: 5 6 Days 4 flights, ~3 Hrs Per Flight 12 Hrs Total Option 1, Oct 2015: Snow Free Measurement Integration and Certification: 2 3 Days Mission and Test Flights: 5 6 Days 4 flights, ~3 Hrs Per Flight 12 Hrs Total Option 2, April 2016: Peak Snow Measurement Integration and Certification: 2 3 days Mission and Test Flights: 5 6 Days 4 flights, ~3 Hrs Per Flight 12 Hrs Total Twin Otter DC6 4 Slide 5 Estimated Mounting Antenna: Fuselage at 45 Regal Mini-ATM Lidar (Lidar): Nadir Port/Well WISM Radar-Radiometer (WISM): Close to the Antenna Boise Radar: Close to the Antenna Racks: Close to the Radar and Radiometer System Block Diagram and Mounting 5 Boise Radar Lidar Slide 6 Antenna / SAR / Radiometer Details QU 12-JA- 231-C Triplexer Radiometer Ku / X Band SAR RF Rack Ku / X Band SAR Digital Rack Ka Ku X Focal Plane Array X / Ku / Ka CSA INS Radar components assembled into 40 racks attached via vibration dampeners to floor rail system in Twin Otter INS, T/R Box and Radiometer mounted close to antenna to minimized noise and increase inertial mass Complete system runs on 28 Vdc aircraft power with master shut off breakers T/R Box Slide 7 Design Assumptions System will be designed for an airborne environment Lidar will be mounted in the Wildcad-3 Nadir port for a 0 degree look-down Reflector Mount Assy must be such that a 45 degree look-down angle Reflector will aim completely out of the hatch towards earth will be able to attach to existing seat rails will fit within the interior dimensions of the cabin Seat Rail locations 50 Tall Hatch Nadir Port Dimeonsinos (36x23x13|15) Slide 8 Beam View of Reflector in A/craft Hatch Approx. Reflector position in Fuselage Twin Otter Fuselage System will be designed for an airborne environment Reflector Mount Assy must be such that a 45 degree look-down angle Reflector will aim completely out of the hatch towards earth will be able to attach to existing seat rails Rear A/craft Hatch Twin Otter Cabin 45 0 Beam Angle Seat Track Brackets ZfZf T/R Box (24x18x10) INS Beam Radiometer (23x15x11) Triplexer (1.5x3x0.5) Feed Array (2.8x2.8x0.25) Installation Details Slide 9 Approx. Reflector position in Fuselage Twin Otter Fuselage System will be designed for an airborne environment Reflector Mount Assy must be such that Triplexer, INS, Radiometer and T/R Box will be located in close proximity Rear A/craft Hatch Seat Track Brackets T/R Box INS Radiometer Triplexer Feed Array Boise St. Radar Installation Details Slide 10 Approx. Reflector position in Fuselage Antenna Assy Details Triplexer, INS and Radiometer are especially located in close proximity Rear A/craft Hatch Seat Track Brackets INS Radiometer Triplexer Feed Array Installation Details Slide 11 Antenna and Radome: .34 m Aperture Diameter,.185 m Focal Length Sheet Array 3 x 3 x 2 inch Total Mass ~ 30 lbs Radar Box 24 x 24 x 26 inch Mass ~ 100 lbs Radiometer Box 23 x 15 x 11 inch Mass ~ 50 lbs Control Racks: x 2 to 3 Standard 20 x 30 x 40 inch Mass ~ 350 lbs 450 lbs Boise State Radar 12 x 12 x 10 inch Mass ~ 30 lbs Lidar 21.9 x 13.4 x 9.7 inch Mass ~ 30 lbs Radar Radiometer 11 Boise St. Radar Lidar WISM Instrument Suite Size and Weight Information Slide 12 F Z X XfXf ZfZf Current Sheet Array Feed 0.34 m dia 0.34 m Offset Reflector Geometry 0.055 m 0.185 m 76.8 7.3 between bisector and aperture center f/D=0.544 Reflector 12 Slide 13 Instrument Mounting and Flight Environment Mission Location: Grand Mesa Colorado, Altitude 9.5 kft Altitude: 9K feet above the Grand Mesa; Total Altitude 18 kft 20 kft Mission season temperature: 230 K 275 K Instrument Mounting: Side Door of Fuselage Antenna pointed out of the rear door hatch of the twin otter @ 45 incidence Radiometer located in the aircraft main fuselage close, < 1 m, to antenna Lidar Located in Aircraft Nadir Port Twin Otter DC6 13 Slide 14 Nadir Port (36x23x13|15) Instrument Suite Mounting 14 Twin Otter DC6 Rear Nadir Port Mini-ATM Lidar in Nadir Well Approx. Position in Fuselage Twin Otter Fuselage Seat Track Brackets T/R Box INS Radiometer Triplexer Feed Array Boise St. Radar Rear Door Hatch