kinematics the study of how objects move. where are you? we must start with a question
DESCRIPTION
Position Reference Point: Zero location in a coordinate system or frame. Frame of Reference: Coordinate system used to define motion. Position: Separation between an object and a reference point. It needs a distance and direction. i.e. 3.0 meters to the right. To find where you are you need the following:TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Kinematics The study of how objects move. Where are You? We must start with a question](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051710/5a4d1add7f8b9ab059975836/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
KinematicsThe study of how objects The study of how objects
movemove
![Page 2: Kinematics The study of how objects move. Where are You? We must start with a question](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051710/5a4d1add7f8b9ab059975836/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Where are You?
We must start with a
question
![Page 3: Kinematics The study of how objects move. Where are You? We must start with a question](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051710/5a4d1add7f8b9ab059975836/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
PositionReference Point:
Zero location in a coordinate system or frame.
Frame of Reference:
Coordinate system used to define motion.
Position: Separation between an object and a reference point. It needs a distance and direction.
i.e. 3.0 meters to the right.
To find where you are you need the following:
![Page 4: Kinematics The study of how objects move. Where are You? We must start with a question](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051710/5a4d1add7f8b9ab059975836/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
You are Here
![Page 5: Kinematics The study of how objects move. Where are You? We must start with a question](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051710/5a4d1add7f8b9ab059975836/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
You are Here
![Page 6: Kinematics The study of how objects move. Where are You? We must start with a question](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051710/5a4d1add7f8b9ab059975836/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
You are Here
![Page 7: Kinematics The study of how objects move. Where are You? We must start with a question](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051710/5a4d1add7f8b9ab059975836/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
You are Here
![Page 8: Kinematics The study of how objects move. Where are You? We must start with a question](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051710/5a4d1add7f8b9ab059975836/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
You are Here
![Page 9: Kinematics The study of how objects move. Where are You? We must start with a question](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051710/5a4d1add7f8b9ab059975836/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
You are Here
![Page 10: Kinematics The study of how objects move. Where are You? We must start with a question](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051710/5a4d1add7f8b9ab059975836/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
You are Here
![Page 11: Kinematics The study of how objects move. Where are You? We must start with a question](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051710/5a4d1add7f8b9ab059975836/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
You are Here
![Page 12: Kinematics The study of how objects move. Where are You? We must start with a question](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051710/5a4d1add7f8b9ab059975836/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Distance vs. Displacement
Distance is simply the total path length traversed in moving from one location to another
Distance is a SCALAR quantity. A measurement with only magnitude, or size.
50 m
![Page 13: Kinematics The study of how objects move. Where are You? We must start with a question](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051710/5a4d1add7f8b9ab059975836/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Distance vs. Displacement
Displacement is the straight-line distance between two points, along with the direction from the starting point to the final position.
Displacement is a VECTOR quantity. A measurement with magnitude, or size and a direction
10 m East
![Page 14: Kinematics The study of how objects move. Where are You? We must start with a question](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051710/5a4d1add7f8b9ab059975836/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Difference between Distance and Displacement
Walking to
Physics Lab
Distance = 8 mDisplacement = 8m right
Right - PositiveLeft - Negative
Direction Convention :Displacement =+8m
![Page 15: Kinematics The study of how objects move. Where are You? We must start with a question](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051710/5a4d1add7f8b9ab059975836/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Speed
SpeedTime
Distance
Speed is the rate at which distance is traveled.
=10 m/s
20 m
2 sec
Speed m
202sec
Speed is a scalar
quanity
![Page 16: Kinematics The study of how objects move. Where are You? We must start with a question](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051710/5a4d1add7f8b9ab059975836/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Average speedAverage speed is the distance d traveled, the actual path, divided by the total time t elapsed in traveling that distance.
Average Speed Distance TraveledTotal Time
Instantaneous SpeedInstantaneous Speed is how fast an object is moving at a
particular instant of time.
Average vs. Instantaneous Speed
![Page 17: Kinematics The study of how objects move. Where are You? We must start with a question](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051710/5a4d1add7f8b9ab059975836/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Velocity
V xt
x xt t
o
o
xo
to
VelocityVelocity tells how fast something is moving and in what direction. Velocity is a vector quantity.Average VelocityAverage Velocity is the
displacement divided by the total travel time =initial position,
commonly zero
= initial time, commonly zero
V xt
When xo and to are zero
![Page 18: Kinematics The study of how objects move. Where are You? We must start with a question](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051710/5a4d1add7f8b9ab059975836/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
A jogger jogs from one end to the other of a straight 300 meter track (from point A to point B) in 2.50 min and then turns around and jogs 100 m back toward the starting point (to point C) in another 1.00 min. What are the jogger’s average speeds and velocities in going
A) From A to BB) From A to C after turning around
Speed and
Velocity Problem
![Page 19: Kinematics The study of how objects move. Where are You? We must start with a question](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051710/5a4d1add7f8b9ab059975836/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
avg speed dt
ms
ms
300150
2 00.
v xt
ms
B
B
ms
300150
2 00.
A)
v x xt t
m ms sc
B C
B C
ms
300 100150 60 0
0 952( ).
.
Given:xB = 300m - 0m = +300m (from A to B)xC = 200m – 300m = -100m (from B to C)tB = 2.50 min = 150 stC = 1.00 min = 60.0 s
B)
Average speed and velocity from A to B
Average speed and velocity from A to Cavg speed
dt
m ms s
ms
300 100150 60 0
190.
.
![Page 20: Kinematics The study of how objects move. Where are You? We must start with a question](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051710/5a4d1add7f8b9ab059975836/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Two Compone
nts of Velocity
![Page 21: Kinematics The study of how objects move. Where are You? We must start with a question](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051710/5a4d1add7f8b9ab059975836/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
GraphicGraphical look al look
at at MotionMotion
![Page 22: Kinematics The study of how objects move. Where are You? We must start with a question](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051710/5a4d1add7f8b9ab059975836/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
![Page 23: Kinematics The study of how objects move. Where are You? We must start with a question](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051710/5a4d1add7f8b9ab059975836/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: Kinematics The study of how objects move. Where are You? We must start with a question](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051710/5a4d1add7f8b9ab059975836/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
![Page 25: Kinematics The study of how objects move. Where are You? We must start with a question](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051710/5a4d1add7f8b9ab059975836/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
![Page 26: Kinematics The study of how objects move. Where are You? We must start with a question](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051710/5a4d1add7f8b9ab059975836/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
![Page 27: Kinematics The study of how objects move. Where are You? We must start with a question](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051710/5a4d1add7f8b9ab059975836/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
![Page 28: Kinematics The study of how objects move. Where are You? We must start with a question](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051710/5a4d1add7f8b9ab059975836/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
AcceleratioAccelerationnPosition is the separation between
an object and a reference point. Displacement is a change in positionVelocity is the time rate change of displacementAcceleration is the time rate change of velocityAll four are vector quantitiesRepresented by a magnitude and direction
![Page 29: Kinematics The study of how objects move. Where are You? We must start with a question](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051710/5a4d1add7f8b9ab059975836/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Kinematic Equations
![Page 30: Kinematics The study of how objects move. Where are You? We must start with a question](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051710/5a4d1add7f8b9ab059975836/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
v dt
d dt t
2 1
2 1
d dt
2 1
a vt
v vt t
2 1
2 1
v vt
2 1
v v at2 1
accelerationacceleration
velocityvelocity
![Page 31: Kinematics The study of how objects move. Where are You? We must start with a question](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051710/5a4d1add7f8b9ab059975836/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
v dt
v v v
1 2
2
dt
v v1 2
2With a constant acceleration
Total Displacement and total time
Average Velocityd v v t 1
2 1 2( )
![Page 32: Kinematics The study of how objects move. Where are You? We must start with a question](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051710/5a4d1add7f8b9ab059975836/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
d v v t 12 1 2( ) v v at2 1 v at1
d v v at t 12 1 1( ( ))
d v t at 12 1
12
22( )
d v t at 11
22
d v v t 12 1 2( )
![Page 33: Kinematics The study of how objects move. Where are You? We must start with a question](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051710/5a4d1add7f8b9ab059975836/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
v v ad22
12 2
d v va
2
212
2d v v v va
1 2 2 1
2
t v va
2 1
d vt
v v at2 1 v v1 2
2v v v
1 2
2 v va
2 1
![Page 34: Kinematics The study of how objects move. Where are You? We must start with a question](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051710/5a4d1add7f8b9ab059975836/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Kinematic Equations
v dt
v v at2 1
a vt
d v t at 11
22
v v ad22
12 2
![Page 35: Kinematics The study of how objects move. Where are You? We must start with a question](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051710/5a4d1add7f8b9ab059975836/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Problem:
Ally the Alligator takes off from an airfield. She starts from rest and obtains a velocity of 36 m/s at take off in 20.0 seconds.
What is her acceleration down the runway?
How far did she go down the runway?a vt
v vt
2 136 0
20
ms
ms
sec18 2. m
s
18 2. ms
d v v t 12 1 2( )d m
sms 1
2 0 36 20 0( ) . secd m360