k¾;kh - e-thaksalawach$ o¾umd, úÿy," mkaksmsáh vi úih ixialdrl ukav,h - fchiag uydpd¾h...
TRANSCRIPT
i
k¾;khk¾;khk¾;khk¾;khk¾;kh.=re ud¾f.damfoaYh.=re ud¾f.damfoaYh.=re ud¾f.damfoaYh.=re ud¾f.damfoaYh.=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
10 fYa%Ksh10 fYa%Ksh10 fYa%Ksh10 fYa%Ksh10 fYa%Ksh^2015 isg ls%hd;aul flf¾'&^2015 isg ls%hd;aul flf¾'&^2015 isg ls%hd;aul flf¾'&^2015 isg ls%hd;aul flf¾'&^2015 isg ls%hd;aul flf¾'&
fi!kao¾h wOHdmk fomd¾;fïka;=jfi!kao¾h wOHdmk fomd¾;fïka;=jfi!kao¾h wOHdmk fomd¾;fïka;=jfi!kao¾h wOHdmk fomd¾;fïka;=jfi!kao¾h wOHdmk fomd¾;fïka;=jcd;sl wOHdmk wdh;khcd;sl wOHdmk wdh;khcd;sl wOHdmk wdh;khcd;sl wOHdmk wdh;khcd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh
uyr.uuyr.uuyr.uuyr.uuyr.u
YS% ,xldjYS% ,xldjYS% ,xldjYS% ,xldjYS% ,xldj
fjí wvúh ( fjí wvúh ( fjí wvúh ( fjí wvúh ( fjí wvúh ( www.nie.lk
úµq;a ;emE, ( úµq;a ;emE, ( úµq;a ;emE, ( úµq;a ;emE, ( úµq;a ;emE, ( [email protected]
ii
10 fYa%Ksh10 fYa%Ksh10 fYa%Ksh10 fYa%Ksh10 fYa%Ksh.=re ud¾f.damfoaYh.=re ud¾f.damfoaYh.=re ud¾f.damfoaYh.=re ud¾f.damfoaYh.=re ud¾f.damfoaYhm%:u uqøKh 2015m%:u uqøKh 2015m%:u uqøKh 2015m%:u uqøKh 2015m%:u uqøKh 2015C cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;khcd;sl wOHdmk wdh;khcd;sl wOHdmk wdh;khcd;sl wOHdmk wdh;khcd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh
ISBN : .....................................
fi!kao¾h wOHdmk fomd¾;fïka;=jfi!kao¾h wOHdmk fomd¾;fïka;=jfi!kao¾h wOHdmk fomd¾;fïka;=jfi!kao¾h wOHdmk fomd¾;fïka;=jfi!kao¾h wOHdmk fomd¾;fïka;=jcd;sl wOHdmk wdh;khcd;sl wOHdmk wdh;khcd;sl wOHdmk wdh;khcd;sl wOHdmk wdh;khcd;sl wOHdmk wdh;khuyr.uuyr.uuyr.uuyr.uuyr.uYS% ,xldjYS% ,xldjYS% ,xldjYS% ,xldjYS% ,xldj
fjí wvúh ( fjí wvúh ( fjí wvúh ( fjí wvúh ( fjí wvúh ( www.nie.lk
úµq;a ;emE, ( úµq;a ;emE, ( úµq;a ;emE, ( úµq;a ;emE, ( úµq;a ;emE, ( [email protected]
uqøKh (uqøKh (uqøKh (uqøKh (uqøKh (
uqøKd,huqøKd,huqøKd,huqøKd,huqøKd,h
iii
wOHlaI ckrd,a;=udf.a mKsúvh
cd;sl wOHdmk fldñIka iNdj úiska ks¾foaY lrk ,o cd;sl uÜgfï ksmqK;d ixj¾Okh
lsÍfï uQ,sl wruqK iys; j tjlg mej;s wka;¾.;h mokï jq wOHdmkh fjkqjg j¾I wglska
hq;= pl%hlska iukaú; kj ksmqK;d mdol úIhud,dfjys m<uq wÈhr" j¾I 2007 § YS% ,xldfõ
oaú;SSshsl wOHdmk fCIa;%hg y÷kajd fok ,os'
kj úIhud,d pl%fha fojk wÈhr 2015 j¾Ifha § yh jk iy oy jk fYa%Ks i|yd y÷kajd
§u l< hq;= j ;sfí' fï i|yd m¾fhaIKj,ska wkdjrKh jq lreKq o wOHdmkh ms<sn| j wjOdkh
fhduq lrk úúO md¾Yjhkaf.a fhdackd o mokï fldg f.k úIh ks¾foaY ;d¾lSlrKh lsÍfï
ls%hdj,shla cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh úiska y÷kajd fokq ,eîh'
fuu ;d¾lSlrK ls%hdj,sfha § ish¨ u úIhhkaf.a ksmqK;d uÜgï" mokï uÜgfï isg
Wiia uÜgu olajd l%udkql+, j f.dv ke.Su i|yd my< isg by<g .uka lrk isria ixl,kh
Ndú; lrk ,os' úúO úIhhkays § tl u úIh lreKq kej; kej; bÈßm;aùu yels;dla wju lsÍu"
jeä nr megùï j,ska hqla; úIh wka;¾.;hka wvq lsÍu" iy ls%hd;aul l< yels YsIH ñ;=re
úIhud,djla ieliSu i|yd ;sria ixl,kh Ndú; lr we;'
.=re Nj;=ka i|yd mdvï ie,iqï lsÍu" b.ekaùu" ls%hdldrlï lrf.k hEu" uekSï yd
we.hSï hkd § wxYhka i|yd wjYH jkakd jQ ud¾f.damfoaYhka ,nd§fï wruqKska fuu kj .=re
ud¾f.damfoaYh y÷kajd § we;' mx;s ldurh ;=< § jvd;a M,odhS .=rejrfhl= f,i lghq;= lsÍug
fuu ud¾f.damfoaYhka Wmldr jkq we;' isiqkaf.a ksmqK;djka j¾Okh lsÍu i|yd .=Kd;aul
fhojqï yd ls%hdldrlï f;dard .ekSug .=rejrekag wjYH ksoyi fuu.ska ,nd § ;sfí' tfuka u
ks¾foaYs; mdG .%ka:j, we;=<;a jk úIh lreKq ms<sn| j jeä nr ;eîula fuu .=re ud¾f.damfoaYj,
wka;¾.; fkdfõ' tu ksid fuu .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh jvd;a M,odhS ùug kï wOHdmk m%ldYk
fomd¾;fïka;=j úiska ilid we;s wod< mdG .%ka: iu. iu.dó j Ndú; lsÍu w;HjYH fõ'
;d¾lSlrKh lrk ,o úIh ks¾foaY" kj .=re ud¾f.damfoaY yd w¨;ska ixj¾Okh lr we;s
mdG .%ka:j, uQ,sl wruqKq jkafka .=re flakaøSh wOHdmk rgdfjka isiq flakaøSh wOHdmk rgdjla
yd jvd;a ls%hdldrlï u; mokï jQ wOHdmk rgdjlg fjkiaùu u.ska jev f,dalhg wjYH jkakd
jQ ksmqK;d yd l=i,;djkaf.ka hqla; udkj iïm;la njg YsIH m%cdj ixj¾Okh lsÍuh'
fuu .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh iïmdokh lsÍfï § cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kfha Ydia;S%h lghq;=
uKav,h o wdh;kfha iNdj o kka whqßka odhl;ajh ,nd ÿka ish¨ u iïm;aodhlhka yd wksl=;a
md¾Yjhkaf.a buy;a lemùu we.ehSug o fuh wjia:djla lr .kq leue;af;ñ'
wOHlaI ckrd,a
cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh
iv
ksfhdacH wOHlaI ckrd,a ysñf.a mKsúvh
bf.kqu" mq¿,a lafIa;%hl úyso hkakls' th Ôú; w;suy;a njg o" b;d u ir, njg o
m;alrhs' ukqIHhd bf.kqï l=i,;dfjka W;alDIag h' udkj iudc ixj¾Okh flakaø fldg .;a
rgla" iudchla nqoaêh úiska y`ÿkd.;a wiïu;hka neyer lsÍug o iqNdú;hka ;=<ska kj f,djla
ks¾udKh lr .ekSug o fuj,u lr.kq ,nkafka bf.kquhs'
bf.kqu i`oyd jákd hula o" bf.kqï l%ufõohka yd myiqlï o wOHdmkh jgd ks¾udKh
úh hq;= h' úIh ud,dj" úIh ks¾foaY" ud¾f.damfoaY" iqidOHlrejka bf.kqï lafIa;%hg tlajkqfha
fï wdldrfhks'
kQ;k Y%S ,xldj f.da,Sh m%jK;djka fuka u mqrd;k Wreuhka o iïñY%Kh lr .ksñka
iaùh wOHdmk rgdjla ysñ lrf.k we;' ld,Sk wjYH;d u; m%;sixialrKhka ;=<ska jir wglg
jrla hdj;ald,Sk jk úIh ud,dfõ bf.kqï iïm;la f,i fuu .=re ud¾f.damfoaY ks¾udKh fõ'
úIhfhys wruqKqj, ix.;;dj cd;sl uÜgñka mj;ajd.; hq;= h' tfy;a .=re
ud¾f.damfoaYhkays bf.kqï l%ufõohka" wl=rlaj;a fjkia fkdfldg ms<smeÈh hq;a;la kï fkdfõ'
úIh ks¾foaYfhys ksmqK;d" ksmqK;d uÜgï" idOkh ùu i`oyd úIh wka;¾.;h ;=<ska bf.kqï m,
iïm%dma;sh msKsi bf.kqï l%ufõo ks¾udKYS,S j fjkialr .ekSug iqidOHlrejkag meyeÈ,sj u
bvla we;s nj i`oyka lrñ' YsIH idOk m%;sY;h by< uÜgulg .ekSu i`oyd Woõ jk" myiqlï
i,ik .=re N+ñldjg lsishï m%fõYhla i`oyd ks¾udKh jk .=re ud¾f.damfoaY YslaIlhdyg o
fo.=rekg o Ndú; l< yel' wod< fm< fmd;g iylrejl= jk .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh ;j;a fm<
fmd;la fkdjk nj oek .=reNj;=ka .=re ud¾f.damfoaY yd wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=fõ
iïmdÈ; wod< fm< fmd; hk iïm;a øjH fol u Ndú; l< hq;= h'
ta ta úIhhkays idOkh ms<sn`o we.ehSï isÿlrk cd;sl uÜgfï mÍlaIljrfhl= jqj o
wfmalaId lrk idOkhka" úIh b.ekaùug u. fmkajk iqidOHlrejka úiska mdvu wjidkfhys
mka;s ldurfha § orejka iu. m%;HlaIlrKhg m;aúh hq;= h' tu tald;añl ùu i`oyd jQ
m%fndaOd;aul ixialD;shla f.dvk.d .ekSug .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh myqrla" hd;%djla lr.kq we;ehs
wdhdpkd mQ¾jl j wfmalaId lrñ'
mSGdêm;s" ksfhdacH wOHlaI ckrd,a
NdId udkj Ydia;% yd iudcúoHd mSGh
cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh'
v
úIhud,d lñgqj
WmfoaYl;ajh yd wkque;sh - Ydia;S%h lghq;= uKav,hcd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh
úIh iïnkaëlrKh - nqoaê l,HdKs uq;=l=udrK - lÓldpd¾h,fi!kao¾h wOHdmk fomd¾;fïka;=j,cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh.
f,aLl uKav,h wNHka;r - tia. j¾Kisxy uy;d - fcHIaG l:sldpd¾h,
- nqoaê l,HdKs uq;=l=udrK uy;añh - lÓldpd¾h,- î. tï. tia. o fidhsid uy;añh - lÓldpd¾h,
fi!kao¾h wOHdmk fomd¾;fïka;=j,cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh.
ndysr - .=Kfiak rdcmlaI uy;d - fcH' lÓldpd¾h ^úY%dñl&,- fla. isß,a ó.u uy;d-fcHIaG lÓldpd¾h ^úY%dñl&,
.=re wNHdi úÿy," .srd.u'- chka;d fyÜáhj;a;
iyldr wOHdmk wOHlaI,l,dm wOHdmk ld¾hd,h" fydaud.u.
- fla. iqika; .=Kj¾Ok uy;d,iyldr wOHdmk wOHlaI,l,dm wOHdmk ld¾hd,h" ms<su;,dj.
- ã. mS. jhs ksu,a l=udr uy;d - lÓldpd¾h,.=re úÿy," uyr.u.
- î. iqð;a uy;d - .=re WmfoaYl"l,dm wOHdmk ld¾hd,h" yïnkaf;dg'
- tï. fyajdú;drK uy;añh - .=re fiajh,nm$ch$úoHdlr nd,sld úÿy," uyr.u.
- tï. tï. tia. mS. fla. udrisxy uy;añh - .=re fiajh,nm$fyda$ rdcisxy uy úoHd,h" yxje,a,.
- wd¾. mS. ta. tia. ch,;a uy;añh - .=re fiajh,uy$mqIamodk uy úÿy," uykqjr
- fÊ. ù. tia. mqiaifj, uy;d - .=refiajh,om$.d$ ´,alÜ uy úÿy," .d,a,.
- ta. ví. ìhxld tï. wfíisxy uy;añh - .=re fiajh,nm$ch$O¾umd, úÿy," mkaksmsáh.
- tï'tï' iuka; úfÊisß uy;d - .=re fiajh,om$udr$Èlaje,a, W;=r uy úÿy," ud;r'
- tÉ. t,a. iukal=udr uy;d - .=refiajh,om$.d$YS% foajdkkao uy úÿy,"mkshk" wïn,kaf.dv.
- fkdfh,a jika; ú;dkf.a uy;d - .=re fiajh,nm$ch$ O¾umd, úÿy," mkaksmsáh
vi
úIh ixialdrl uKav,h - fcHIaG uydpd¾h uqÈhkafia Èidkdhl uy;duydpd¾h ,hk,a fnka;rf.a uy;duydpd¾h wdßhr;ak l¨wdrÉÑ uy;dfcHIaG lÓldpd¾h úl%uisxy nKavdr uy;dfcHIaG lÓldpd¾h wfidald Èidkdhl uy;añhwdpd¾h Ys%hdks rdcmlaI uy;añhfi!kao¾h l,d úYajúoHd,h" fld<U 07'
NdId ixialrKh - wdpd¾h udÿreTfha Oïñiair ysñfcHIaG lÓldpd¾h".ïmy úl%udrÉÑ wdhq¾fõo úoHdh;kh"le,Ksh úYajúoHd,h" hlal,'tia'´' m%kdkaÿ uy;d - wOHlaI ^úY%dñl&B'wd¾' ksu,a fma%ul=udr uy;disxy, NdId fomd¾;fïka;=j" cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh'
vii
.=re ud¾f.damfoaYh mrsYS,kh i|yd Wmfoia
ffoksl cSú;h id¾:l j mj;ajd .ekSu yd hym;a iudchla f.dvkexùug w;HjYHksmqK;d mdol fldgf.k" mdi,a k¾;k wOHdmkh u.ska tlS ksmqK;d ixj¾Okhgud¾f.damfoaYl;ajh iemhSug fuu ud¾f.damfoaYh ilia lr we;' k¾;k úIh Ndr j lghq;=lrk .=re Nj;=ka fuu w;afmd; mßYS,kfha §;a mx;s ldur bf.kqï$b.ekaùï ls%hdldrlï bÈßm;alsÍfï §;a ,nk iajlSh w;a±lSï o ie,ls,a,g .; hq;= fõ'
10 fY%aKsh k¾;k úIh ks¾foaYh ksmqK;d 08 lska iukaú; h' Bg wod< ksmqK;d uÜgï24 la hgf;a l%shdldrlï 29 la fm< .iajd we;' ksmqK;d" ksmqK;d uÜgï yd ine¢ ls%hdldrlïj,wka;¾.; úIh ikaOdrfhka ,nk ±kqñka muKla fmdaIs; j úNd.j,ska by< idu¾:h ,nd.;a;o hym;a Ôú;hla .; lsÍug th m%udKj;a fkdfõ' ±kqu" l=i,;d yd wdl,am ixj¾Okfhka ysi"yoj; yd oE;a o fmdaIKh l< hq;= fõ' tlS fmdaIKfhka ;ud o iudch o hym;a udj;la lrdfhduq lrùug .e<fmk Ôú;h kxjd,Su woH;k hq.fha m%n, iudc wjYH;djls'
Wla; lreKq ie,ls,a,g .ksñka fuu ud¾f.damfoaYfhys ls%hdldrlï ir, j fm<.iajdwe;s w;r úIh wka;¾.;h olajd we;af;a ixlaIsma; jYfhks' ls%hdldrlï ie,iqu i|yd § we;sWmfoiaj, mshjr 01 i|yd m%fndaOd;aul wdrïNhla ,nd§ug jvd;a iqÿiq ld¾hlaIu yd ks¾udKYS,Sbf.kqï m%fõY Ndú; l< yels h' k¾;k úIh bf.kqï l%uYs,am úúO h' tfuka u iqúfYaI h'ls%hdldrlu yd YsIH YlH;d y÷kd.ksñka wfmalaIs; bf.kqï M, lrd <Õd ùug yels jvd;a M,odhSbf.kqï l%u f;dard .ekSug wjldY we;'
m%dfhda.sl l=i,;d ixj¾Okfha § jvd;a iqÿiq ia:dkhla f;dard .ekSug .=rejrhdueÈy;alrejl= úh hq;= h' lKavdhï ls%hdldrlïj, § ukd wdl,am fuka u iuQyhla jYfhka Ôj;aùfï § wkq.ukh l< hq;= Ôjk mqreÿ ms<sn| w;a±lSï ,nd .; yels wdldrhg ls%hdldrlï ie,iqïl< hq;= fõ' mx;sfha isák YsIH ixLHdj wkqj lKavdhï l< hq;= h' ls%hdldrlï i|yd YsIHhkaimhd f.k wd hq;= rx. WmlrK yd øjH we;akï ta nj l,ska ±kqï §u w;HjYH fõ' .=reud¾f.damfoaYfhys tla tla ksmqK;d uÜgïj, ls%hdldrlï i|yd fjka lr we;s ld,h jvd;aM,odhS f,i Ndú; l< yels w;r" wOHdmk úoHd;aul mokñka olajd we;s jdr igyka ls%hd;aullsÍfuka iuia; we.ehSï ls%hdj,sh ;=< ix.; nj wdrlaId fõ'
`mdvu ixj¾Okhg wod< lr .; yels bf.kqï$b.ekaùï WmlrK .=Kd;aul fhojqï f,ibÈßm;a lr we;s w;r fjk;a iqÿiq fN!;sl yd udkj iïm;a ie,iqï iy.; j Ndú; lsÍu wfmalaIdflf¾' iEu ls%hdldrlula u úfkdaoh" l=;=y,h" w¿;a w;a±lSï yd m%dfhda.sl ùu jeo.;a fõ'ls%hdldrlï i|yd wjYH mska;+r" j.=" oDYH yd Y%jHmg" m%Yakdj,s yd mejreï iQodkï lr .; hq;=fõ'
ksmqK;d mdol wOHdmkfha § YsIH ld¾hhka m%n, ia:dkhla .kakd w;r mx;sfha iEu<uhl= u ta ta ksmqK;dj iïnkaO j wdikak m%ùK;djg f.k taug .=rejrhd iïm;a odhlhl= fõ'wfmalaIs; bf.kqï m, idlaId;alrKh yd isiqkaf.a m%ùK;d uÜgï ms<sn| j .=re isiq fomlaIh u±kqj;a úh hq;= h' we.hSu yd ;lafiarelrK Wmfoia hgf;a bf.kqï m, b,lal fldg .ksñka iEuls%hdldrlula wjidkfha § fyda iqÿiq wjia:dj, § we.hSug ,la lsÍug wjYH m%Yak i|yka lr we;'ta i|yd iqÿiq we.hSï ks¾Kdhl ilia lr.ekSu bf.kqï b.ekaùï ls%hdj,sfha iqúfYaI wx.hls'we.hSï yd ;lafiarelrK ls%hdj,sh ksu lr isiqkaf.a ±kqu ;yjqre lsÍu i|yd m%;sfmdaIK yd bÈßfmdaIK lghq;= ie,iqï lsÍfï Wla; .=re ld¾hNdrh weiqre fldg.;a kQ;k .=re N+ñldj" mßKduk.=re N+ñldj ̂Transformation Role& f,i kï lr ;sfí'
ks¾udKYS,S .=rejrhl= f,i ls%hdldrlï ie,iqï lr.ekSu i|yd ir, u. fmkaùula f,ibÈßm;a lr we;s fuu .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh bf.kqï b.ekaùï yd we.hSfï ld¾hh id¾:l lr.ekSug ukd msájy,la fõjd hs m;uq'
viii
mgqk
msgqj
wOHlaI ckrd,a;=udf.a mKsúvh i i i
ksfhdacH wOHlaI ckrd,a;=udf.a mKsúvh i v
úIhud,d lñgqj v
.=re ud¾f.damfoaYh mßYS,kh i|yd Wmfoia v i i
úIh ks¾foaYfha wka;¾.;h i x
bf.kqï - b.ekaùï ls%hdj,sh i|yd Wmfoia 1 - 50
úúO iydh 51
x
úIh ye¢kaùuúIh ye¢kaùuúIh ye¢kaùuúIh ye¢kaùuúIh ye¢kaùu
wfma ud;DN+ñhg;a" ixialD;shg;a" fidndoyu yd iuia; Ôj" wÔj úYaj Od;=jg;a ys;ldómqrjeishl= ks¾udKh lsÍfï mq¿,a cd;sl mrud¾:fhka mdi,a moaO;sh ;=< orejkag bf.kSug,efnk iqúfYaI;u úIhh fi!kao¾h úIhhs' th cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kfha fi!kao¾hwOHdmk fomd¾;fïka;=j f,i wm úiska y÷kd.kakd ,o my; ±lafjk fi!kao¾h úIhfhacd;sl oelau lsheùfuka Tng uekúka wjfndaO jkq we;'
fi!kao¾hfhka ixialD;sluh ,eoshd mqnqÿjd" tu.ska ks¾udKYS,S nj" ixfõ§;dj" ord .ekSu"YS% ,dxflah wkkH;dj yd foaYdkqrd.h jvjd ud;D N+ñh flfrys ixfõ§ jQ ore le,la yd iudchlaìys lsÍu'
(“To sensitize students and the community through aesthetics to the Mother Land, endowed with
cultural pride, creativity, sensitivity, tolerance, partriotism and a sense of national identity”)
foaYh f.dvkexùfï § úYajh iu. hy in|;d mj;ajd .ksñka fmrg hk wkd.;mqrjeishd flfia úh hq;= o hkak .eUqßka úuid ne,Su;a iu. fuf;la mej;s fi!kao¾h úIhfhacd;sl oelau w;sl%uKh fldg fuu 2015 kj wOHdmk m%;sixialrKh foi kjuq oDIaáhla fy<dwe;s nj tkhska u Tng meyeÈ,s jkq we;'
Wiia ri{;d {dkhlska hq;= udkj ys;jd§ Ñka;kfhys fyì ls%hdYS,S iudcdkqfhda.S mqrjeishl=f,i jev f,dalhg msúiSug fi!kao¾h wOHdmkfhka ,nk wdOHd;añl yd YdÍßl m%fndaOh bjy,alr.ekSu woH;k iudc wjYH;djls'
fi!kao¾h wOHdmkfhka orejl= ;=< fid÷re fuka u ks¾udKYS,S yelshdjka yd Ñ;a;khm%j¾Okh lsÍu o úkh .rel" iodpdrj;a wNsudkj;a mqrjeishl= ;ekSfï j.lSu bgq lsÍu ofojeks jkafka wd.fuka ñksidg ie,fik fiajdjg muKs'
tneúka úoHd" .Ks;" jdKsc" ;dlaIK yd NdId úIhhkaf.ka {dkkh jk ñksiai;a;ajhdg ñksia .=K Wreu lrfok fi!kao¾h wOHdmksl úIhhka bf.kSu todg;a jvd wogiy fygg w;HjYH u neõ ;rfha u lsj hq;= j we;'
fuu úIhud,d m%;sixialrKh;a iu. wNskjfhka 6 fY%aKshg meñfKk orejkaa kjuqÑka;khla we;s w¿;a mrmqrla f,i ;ekqu Wfoid m<uq ls%hdldrlñka u iajhx fm,Uùula we;sjk mßÈ leue;a; yd úYajdih .=rejrhd úiska Èkd .; hq;= h' ta i|yd áfnÜ cd;sl tia' uyskaoysñhka w;ska úrÑ; —m%d¾:kdj˜ kï jQ l=vd <ud .Shla orejdf.a Ôjk m%;s{djla f,i Èkm;d mdvuwerUqug fmr .ehqug wms fhdackd lruq'
i i i - i i i - ß ß ß - ß ß ß -fyd | foa s ys ; ó s ys ;= foa s ls h ó s
i ß i ß i i ß - ß i ß i i i i -ls hq foa s l r ó s l r ñ ka ye fo ó s
fuu m%fõYh;a iu. werfUk fi!kao¾hfha úkaokd;aul bf.kqu cd;sl" ixialD;sl wkkH;dyd úúO iïm%odhhka iam¾Y lrñka úYaj Ñka;khla lrd orejdf.a ±kqu" yelshd yd wdl,am mq¿,alr.ekSug yels jk mßÈ úIh lreKq fuys § wOHdmksl yd ufkda úoHd;aul mokñka hq;= jl%ñl j fm< .iajd we;'
xi
tys § kdhl;ajh" iyNd.s;ajh" bÈßm;a ùu" iqyo;ajh" iduQysl;ajh" we.ehSu" ijka§u"ms<s.ekSu" fnodyod .ekSu" wkHhkag .re lsÍu wd§ wdl,am iEu isiqjl= ;=< u j¾Okhg wjia:djie,fik mßÈ wm úiska fhdað; ls%hdldrlï ;jÿrg;a ixj¾Okh lrñka bf.kqï b.ekaùïmßirh ilid .ekSug .=rejrhd jYfhka Tng o bvlv we;'
;jo ffoksl Ôú;fha § uqyqK fok úúO .eg¨j,g id¾:l j uqyqK § ;¾ldkql+, j ydks¾udKd;aul j Ñka;kh fufyhjd tajd úi|d.ekSug wjYH mqoa., YlH;d j¾Okh lsÍug o wmúiska j;auka mrmqrg odhl;ajh iemhsh hq;= j we;'
tneúka .=re Nj;=ka f,i Tn fuu .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh fmrg jvd fyd¢ka mßYS,khlrkafka kï Tnf.a o Ñ;a;khg w¨;a wdf,dalhla yd m%fndaOhla ,efnkq we;' ta wdf,dal lsrKcd;sfha ore le, u; m;s; j Tjqka o buy;a m%fndaOfhka fuu úIhh bf.kSug fhduq jkq fkdwkqudk h'
tfia u ldhsl yd udkisl iunr;dfjka fyì fi!LH iïmkak fuka u kSfrda.S Èúfmj;la.; lsÍug wjYH mqoa., YlH;d ixj¾Okh lsÍu yd hym;a wka;¾ mqoa., iïnkaO;d f.dvkxjd.ksñka cd;sl yd cd;Hka;r ;,fha fkdie,S lghq;= lsÍug úpdrYS,S ukilska fyì mqoa.,hl=ìys lsÍug j.ùu fi!kao¾h wOHdmk úIh Ndr j lghq;= lrk Tn wm ieuf.a j.lSu fõ'
ta i|yd 2015 jif¾ isg 6 fY%aKsfhka werö l%shd;aul jk fuu kj m%;sixialrKh orejkayryd wms ieu kjuq f,djlg msúiSfï jeo.;a wjia:djla f,i olsñka wêIaGdkfhka jvd;aM,odhs fiajdjla ie,iSug lem fjuq'
wOHlaI ^fi!kao¾h&cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh
xii
cd;sl wOHdmk moaO;sh i|yd wruqKq
cd;sl wruqKq
ffoksl cSú;h iudchg wod< jk m%Odk cd;sl wruqKq lrd <Õdùu i|yd mqoa.,hkag iylKavdhïj,g cd;sl wOHdmk moaO;sh iydh úh hq;= h' jir .Kkdjla uq¿,af,a YS% ,xldfõm%Odk wOHdmk jd¾;d iy f,aLk u.ska mqoa., yd cd;sl wjYH;djka imqrd,Su i|yd wruqKq kshulrkq ,eî h' iuld,Sk wOHdmk jHQyhka yd ls%hdj,Ska ;=< ±lsh yels ÿ¾j,;d ksid OrKSh udkjixj¾Ok ixl,am rduqj we;=<; wOHdmkh ;=<ska <Õd lr.; hq;= my; ±lafjk wruqKq cd;slwOHdmk fldñIka iNdj úiska y÷kdf.k we;' fuu wruqKq imqrd .ekSu wOHdmk moaO;sh i|ydjQ ;u bÈß ±lau f,ig cd;sl wOHdmk fldñIka iNdj úiska m%;HlaI fldg f.k we;'
1' udkj wNsudkhg .re lsÍfï ixla,mh u; msysgd YS% ,dxlsl nyqúO iudcfha ixialD;slúúO;ajh wjfndaO lr .ksñka" cd;sl taldnoaO;dj" cd;sl iDcq .=Kh" cd;sl iu.sh" tluq;=luy iduh m%j¾Okh lsÍu ;=<ska cd;sh f.dvke.Su iy ,dxflah wkkH;dj ;yjqre lsÍu'
2' fjkia jk f,dalhl wNsfhda.hkg m%;spdr olajk w;r cd;sl Wreufha udye.s odhdohkay÷kd.ekSu iy ixrlaIKh lsÍu'
3' udkj whs;sjdislïj,g .re lsÍu" hq;=lï yd j.lSï ms<sn| ±kqj;a ùu" yDohx.u ne£ulska hq;=j tlsfkld flfrys ie,ls,su;a ùu hk .=Kdx. j¾Okh lsÍug bjy,a jk iudc idOdrK;ajiïu;hka iy m%cd;dka;s%l Ôjk rgdjla .eí jQ mßirhla ks¾udKh lsÍu iy mj;ajdf.khdug iydh ùu'
4' mqoa.,hkaf.a udkisl yd YdÍßl iqj iïm; iy udkj w.hkag .re lsÍu u; mokï jQ ;sridrÔjk l%uhla m%j¾Okh lsÍu'
5' iqiudys; jQ iunr fm!reIhla i|yd ks¾udK yelshdj" wdrïNl Yla;sh" úpdrYS,S Ñka;kh"j.lSu yd j.ùu we;=¿ fjk;a Okd;aul wx. ,laIK ixj¾Okh lsÍu'
6' mqoa.,hdf.a iy cd;sfha Ôj .=Kh jeä ÈhqKq flfrk iy YS% ,xldfõ wd¾Ól ixj¾Okh i|ydodhl jk M,odhS ld¾hhka i|yd wOHdmkh ;=<ska udkj iïm;a ixj¾Okh lsÍu'
7' iS>%fhka fjkia jk f,dalhla ;=< isÿ jk fjkialï wkqj yev.eiSug yd tajd md,khlr.ekSug mqoa.,hka iQodkï lsÍu iy ixlS¾K yd wkfmalaIs; wjia:djkag id¾:l j uqyqK§fï yelshdj j¾Okh lsÍu'
8' cd;Hka;r m%cdj w;r f.!rjKSh ia:dkhla ysñ lr.ekSug odhl jk hqla;sh" iudk;ajh iywfkHdakH .re;ajh u; mokï jQ wdl,am yd l=i,;d" fmdaIKh lsÍu'
xiii
uQ,sl ksmqK;d
wOHdmkh ;=<ska j¾Okh flfrk my; ±lafjk uQ,sl ksmqK;d by; i|yka cd;sl wruqKquqÿkam;a lr.ekSug odhl jkq we;'
1' ikaksfõok ksmqK;d (idlaIr;dj" ixLHd ms<sn| ±kqu" rEml Ndú;h iy f;dr;=re ;dlaIK m%ùK;ajh hk wkq
ldKav 4la u; ikaksfõok ksmqK;d mokï fõ'
idlaIr;dj ( idjOdk j weyqïlka §u" meyeÈ,s j l:d lsÍu" f;areï .ekSu i|ydlshùu" ksjerÈ j iy ksrjq,a j ,sùu" M,dohS whqßka woyia yqjudrelr.ekSu
ixLHd ms<sn| ±kqu ( NdKav" wjldYh iy ld,h" .Kka lsÍu" .Kkh iy ñkqï i|ydl%udkql+, b,lalï Ndú;h
rEml Ndú;h ( f¾Ld iy wdlD;s Ndú;fhka woyia ms<sìUq lsÍu iy f¾Ld" wdlD;s ydj¾K .<mñka úia;r" Wmfoia yd woyia m%ldYkh yd jd¾;d lsÍu'
f;dr;=re ;dlaIK m%ùK;ajh ( mß.Kl ±kqu iy bf.kSfï § o" fiajd mßY%hka ;=< § o"fm!oa.,sl Ôú;fha § o f;dr;=re iy ikaksfõok ;dlaIKhWmfhda.S lr.ekSu'
2' fm!reI;aj j¾Okhg wod< ksmqK;d (• ks¾udKYS,S nj" wmidÍ Ñka;kh" wdrïNl Yla;sh" ;SrK .ekSu" .eg¨ ksrdlrKh lsÍu"
úpdrYS,S yd ú.%yd;aul Ñka;kh" lKavdhï yeÕSfuka lghq;= lsÍu" mqoa.,dka;r in|;d"kj fidhd.ekSï iy .fõIKh jeks j¾.Sh l=i,;d
• iDcq .=Kh" bjid ord isàfï Yla;sh iy udkj wNsudkhg .re lsÍu jeks w.hka• Ñ;a;fõ.S nqoaêh
3' mßirhg wod< ksmqK;d (fuu ksmqK;d idudðl" ffcj iy fN!;sl mßirhkag wod< fõ'
iudc mßirh ( cd;sl Wreuhka ms<sn| wjfndaOh" nyqjd¾.sl iudchl idudðlhkaùu yd iïnkaO ixfõ§;dj yd l=i,;d" idOdrK hqla;sh ms<sn|yeÕSu" iudc iïnkaO;d" mqoa.,sl p¾hdj" idudkH yd ffk;sliïm%odhka" whs;sjdislï" j.lSï" hq;=lï iy ne£ï'
ffcj mßirh ( iÔù f,dalh" ck;dj iy ffcj moaO;sh" .ia je,a" jkdka;r" uqyqÿ"c,h" jd;h iy Ôj - Ydl" i;a;aj yd ñksia Ôú;hg iïnkaO jQwjfndaOh" ixfõ§ nj yd l=i,;d
fN!;sl mßirh ( wjldYh" Yla;sh" bkaOk" øjH" NdKav iy ñksia Ôú;hg tajdfhawe;s iïnkaO;d" wdydr" we÷ï" ksjdi" fi!LH" iem myiqj" Yajikh"kskao" ksial,xlh" úfõlh" wmøjH iy u< neyer lsÍu hkdÈh ydiïnkaO jQ wjfndaOh" ixfõ§;dj yd l=i,;dj b.ekSu" jev lsÍuiy Ôj;aùu i|yd fuj,ï yd ;dlaIKh m%fhdackhg .ekSfï l=i,;dfuys wvx.= fõ'
xiv
4' jev f,dalhg iQodkï ùfï ksmqK;d (wd¾Ól ixj¾Okhg odhl ùu' ;u jD;a;Sh ,eÈhd iy wNsfhda.H;d y÷kd.ekSu' yelshdjkag
iß,k whqßka /lshdjla f;dard .ekSu iy jdisodhl yd ;sridr Ôjfkdamdhl ksr; ùu hkyelshdjka Wmß u lsÍug yd Odß;dj jeä lsÍug wod< fiajd kshqla;sh yd iïnkaO l=i,;d'
5' wd.u iy wdpdr O¾uhkag wod< ksmqK;d (mqoa.,hkag ;u ffoksl Ôú;fha § wdpdr O¾u" iodpdrd;aul yd wd.udkql+, j yeisÍï
rgdjkag wkq.; fjñka jvd;a WÑ; foa f;dard thg iß,k fia lghq;= lsÍu i|yd w.hka Wlyd.ekSu yd iaùhlrKh'
6' lS%vdj yd úfõlh m%fhdackhg .ekSfï ksmqK;d (fi!kao¾hh" idys;Hh" fi,a,ï lsÍu" lS%vd yd u,, lS%vd" úfkdaodxY yd fjk;a ks¾udKd;aul
Ôjk rgdjka ;=<ska m%ldY jk úfkdaoh" i;=g" wdfõ. iy tjka udkqIsl w;a±lSï'
7' bf.kSug bf.kqï ms<sn| ksmqK;d (iS>%fhka fjkia jk" ixlS¾K yd tlsfkld u; hefmk f,dalhl mßj¾;k ls%hdj,shla
yryd fjkiaùï yiqrejd .ekSfï § yd Bg ixfõ§ j yd id¾:l j m%;spdr ±laùu;a iajdëk jb.ekaùu;a i|yd mqoa.,hkag Yla;sh ,nd §u'
^by; cd;sl wruqKq yd uq,sl ksmqK;d YS% ,xldfõ idudkH wOHdmkh ms<sn| m%;sm;a;srduqjla i|yd fhdackd we;=<;a cd;sl wOHdmk fldñIka iNdfõ 2003 foieïn¾ jd¾;dfjka Wmqgd.eksK'&
xv
k¾;k úIhfha wruqKq
• mßir ksÍlaIKfhka ,nk w;a±lSï weiqre lr.ksñka Wiia ksudjlska hq;a l,d lD;s ìyslsÍu fuka u Ôú;fha § uqyqKmdk úúO .eg¨ ks¾udKYS,S j úi|d .ekSu i|yd wjYHÑka;kh yd ks¾udK l=i,;d m%j¾Okh lsÍu'
• k¾;k úIh yd ne¢ ls%hdldrlï u.ska wkd.; jev f,dalhg uqyqK Èh yels ls%hdldß;ajhfuka u iudcfhys Wiia Ôjk ;;a;ajhla f.dv kÕd.ekSu i|yd wjYH idudÔh ydfm!oa.,sl YlH;d j¾Okh lsÍu'
• ikaksfõok udOH Tiafia m%pdrh lrk jevigyka w;ßka yrj;a yd fhda.H jevigykaf;dard .ekSu i|yd wjYH úpdr Yla;s j¾Okh" ri{;d j¾Okh yd ksjerÈ ;SrK .ekSfïyelshdj ,nd §u'
• foaYSh" úfoaYSh k¾;k yd ine¢ ixialD;sl ,laIK wOHhkh u.ska úúO ixialD;s w.hlsÍu fuka u cd;Hka;r iudcfha § foaYSh wkkH;dj wdrlaId jk mßÈ lghq;= lsÍu i|ydwjYH Wodr yeÕSï" wdl,am ixj¾Okh lsÍu'
• k¾;k úIh yd ne¢ ixialD;sl miqìu yd fiiq ixialD;s i;= yrhka y÷kd.ksñka mqoa.,wNsudkhg .re lrk udkj iïm;a m%j¾Okh lsÍu'
• id¾:l Èú fmfj;la .; lsÍug wjYH ldhsl yd udkisl iqj iïm;a j¾Okh i|yd k¾;kúIh yd ine¢ ls%hdldrlï Ndú;hg .ekSfï yelshdj ixj¾Okh lsÍu'
xvi
ksmqK;dj ksmqK;dj ksmqK;dj ksmqK;dj ksmqK;dj ksmqK;d uÜgu úIh wka;¾.;h bf.kqï m, ld,Éfþo
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;k úIh ks¾foaYh
1'1 m%foaYfha mj;akd jD;a;Ska
f;aud lr.ksñka k¾;k
ks¾udK lrhs'
1'0 mßir ksÍlaIKfhka
,nk w;aoelSï
weiqre lr.ksñka
k¾;k ks¾udK
lrhs'
05
05
• ëjr$ueá$m;,a$f;a$
fldyq$lDIs jeks jD;a;sj,
olakg ,efnk p,k
weiqfrka k¾;k
ks¾udKh ^tla jD;a;shla
weiqfrka&
m%foaYfha mj;akd jD;a;Skay÷kdf.k k¾;kks¾udK bÈßm;a lrhs'
1'2 .eñ kegqï yd ine|s
iqúfYaI ,laIK
y÷kd.ksñka k¾;k
ks¾udK lrhs'
• rnka $pdur kegqu yd
ine|s iqúfYaI ,laIK
y÷kd.ksñka k¾;k
ks¾udKh
1'3 Ndj m%ldY jk mßÈ
pß; ksrEmKh lrhs
• Ndj m%ldYkh- úiauh
isoaêhla weiqfrka
úiauh kue;s ia:dhs Ndjfha iqúfYaI;dwOHhkh lr ta i|ydisoaêhla f.dvk`.ñkak¾;k wx.hla m%o¾Ykhlrhs'
rnka$pdur k¾;kwx.hkays iqúfYaI,laIK y÷kd.ksñkaiuQyhla f,i k¾;kwx.hla ks¾udKh lrhs'
03
xvii
ksmqK;dj ksmqK;dj ksmqK;dj ksmqK;dj ksmqK;dj ksmqK;d uÜgu úIh wka;¾.;h bf.kqï m, ld,Éfþo
04
2'0 k¾;k yd ine|s
uQ,O¾u wkq.ukh
lrñka m%dfhda.sl
l=i,;d m%o¾Ykh
lrhs'
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;k úIh ks¾foaYh
2'1 idïm%odhsl k¾;kh yd
ine¢ yia; mdo yeisrùfï
úêl%u wkq.ukh lrñka
uQ,sl irU bÈßm;a lrhs'
· f.dv irU$ b,x.ïirU$ fodôk mo 1-12olajd lia;srï$brÜá$yudr mo iu.ska
· ú,ïN" uOH yd oD;
,hg wkqj
idïm%odhslk¾;khkaj, irU ,h;=kg k¾;kh lr" tyswjika lsrSfï mobosßm;a lrhs'
2'2 idïm%odhsl p,k Ndú;
lrñka w,xldr mo ks¾udKh lrhs'
· iq¿ uy ^ud;%d 2 + 4&fo;s;g wod< ^fnr moweiqßka& w,xldr mo^ud;%d &02 la
wod< fnr moj,g wkqj w,xldr mo folla ks¾udKh lrhs'
2'3 ksjerÈ wx.ydr
wkq.ukh lrñka
idïm%odhsl k¾;k wx.
m%o¾Ykh lrhs'
· Wvrg -isxyrdc jkaku"
iejq,d jkaku
iïmQ¾Kfhka
- my;rg wkqrd.oKav
;d,h" kd;s,sxÑ ;d,h
brÜáh iu.
- inr.uq úrdä" uKavql
jkaku iïmQ¾Kfhka
ksjerÈ wx.ydr iy.dhk iys; yd rys;idïm%odhsl k¾;k wx.bÈßm;a lrhs'
04
03
xviii
ksmqK;dj ksmqK;dj ksmqK;dj ksmqK;dj ksmqK;dj ksmqK;d uÜgu úIh wka;¾.;h bf.kqï m, ld,Éfþo
03
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;k úIh ks¾foaYh
• fodxðx; .;fodx;
jÜgu wdrïNl moh
iu. ud;%d folla$
• .=| .;s .; jÜgug
wh;a ud;%d follaa
• .uka ud;%h
^lia;sru" wvõj$
wka;däh" brÜáh$
l,diu" wvõj iu.ska&
;=ka ;sf;a m%fNaoy÷kd.ksñka úêl%uwkqj .dhkh iys; ydrys; k¾;k wx.hkayslú mo yd fnr mom%ia:dr lrhs'
k¾;kh yd ine¢ i;rwNskhg wh;a wx.hkaysiqúfYaI;d wOHhkh lrwoyia olajhs'
03
02
2'4 m%ia;drlrKfha úê
l%u wkq.ukh lrhs'
2'5 k¾;k l,dj yd
ine¢ m%ldYk úê l%u
wOHhkh lrñka
woyia olajhs'
• ;=ka;sf;a m%fNao
y÷kd.ekSu
• jkakï" jÜgï" rnka "pdur
lú m%ia;dr
• wdx.sl" jdÑl" id;aúl yd
wdyd¾h wNskh
xix
ksmqK;dj ksmqK;dj ksmqK;dj ksmqK;dj ksmqK;dj ksmqK;d uÜgu úIh wka;¾.;h bf.kqï m, ld,Éfþo
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;k úIh ks¾foaYh
3'0 idïm%odhsl jdoH NdKav
yd úl,am jdoH WmlrK
y÷kd.ksñka jdok
l=i,;d m%o¾Ykh lrhs'
4'0 YS% ,dxflah ixialD;sh yd
ine|s .dhkj, miqìu
wOHhkh lrñka .dhk
l=i,;d m%o¾Ykh lrhs'
3'1 ksjerÈ Ys,amSh l%u
wkq.ukh lrñka fnr
jdokh lrhs'
3'2 ikaksfõok ld¾h i|yd
jdoH NdKav Ndú; l<
wjia:d úia;r lrhs'
4'1 ks¾foaYs; .dhk yd
ine|s ixialD;sl miqìu
úia;r lrhs'
4'2 kshñ; kdoud,d
wkq.ukh lrñka ck
.dhk bÈßm;a lrhs'
• pdur" rnka " TxÑ,s jdrï"
àld iS mo" jkakï "
kuialdr .d:d yd ne¢
ixialD;sl miqìu
• pdur" rnka " TxÑ,s jdrï
kuialdr .d:d" àld iS mo
yd jkakï
• 1 -2 wod< fnr irU iq¿"
ueÿï ^ud;%d 2 + 3& fo;s;g
wh;a fnr mo
• wKfnr " rKfnr " u<
fnr" jo fnr yd fyaúis
jdokh
fnr jdokh yd ne¢Ys,amSh l%u y÷kd f.kwe;' fo;sf;a ;d,hgfnr $ojq,a mo jdokhlrhs'
ikaksfõok ld¾hhi|yd jdoH NdKav Ndú;l< whqre úuiñkatajdfha iqúfYaI;dwOHhkh lr f;dr;=rebÈßm;a lrhs'
foaYSh ck .dhkhkaysiqúfYaI;d wOHhkh lrtys ixialD;sl ydiudchSh jákdlïúia;r lrhs'
wd>d;d;aul ydwkd>d;d;aul .dhkhkays kshñ; kdo ud,dwkq.ukh lrñka.dhkh lrhs'
03
02
06
06
xx
• úfoaYslhskaf.a ft;sydisl
jd¾;d
• uyd jxifha idOl
• k¾;kfha m%j¾Okhg ldka;d odhl;ajh - wdpd¾h jðrd Ñ;%fiak ñh - k¾;k Ys,amskS ñ/kavd
fyau,;d ñh
• fidlß kdglh
l:d mqj;" pdrs;%
.dhk" jdok" k¾;kh
yd rx.jia;%dNrK
fldfydUd hla lxldßh"
fofjd,a uvqj" myka uvqj
Ydka;sl¾uj, l;dmqj;"
k¾;k" .dhk" jdok" rx.
jia;%dNrK ieris,s yd rx.
NdKavj, iqúfYaI ,laIK
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;k úIh ks¾foaYh
ksmqK;dj ksmqK;dj ksmqK;dj ksmqK;dj ksmqK;dj ksmqK;d uÜgu úIh wka;¾.;h bf.kqï m, ld,Éfþo
02
02
02
04
5'0 YS% ,dxflah k¾;k
iïm%odhka yd ine¢
ft;sydisl yd ixialD;sl
miqìu wOHhkh lrñka
cd;sl Wreu /l.ekSu
i|yd l%shd lrhs'
5'1 YS% ,dxflah k¾;k
l,dj yd ine¢
ft;sydisl miqìu ú.%y
lrhs'
5'2 YS% ,dxflah k¾;k
l,dfõ m%j¾Okhg odhl
jQjka w.hñka f;dr;=re
bÈßm;a lrhs'
5'3 YS% ,dxflah .eñ kdgl yd
ine¢ miqìu wOHhkh
lr iqúfYaI ,laIK
bÈßm;a lrhs'
5'4 YS% ,dxflah k¾;k
iïm%odhka yd ine¢
Ydka;sl¾uj, iqúfYaI
,laIK ;=,kd;aul j
olajhs'
YS% ,dxflah k¾;kl,dj yd ine¢ft;sydisl miqìu ú.%ylrhs'
YS% ,dxflah k¾;kl,dfõ m%j¾Okhgldka;d odhl;ajhw.hñka f;dr;=re bÈßm;alrhs'
fidlß .eñ kdglfhal:d mqj;" pdß;%" .dhk"jdok" k¾;k yd rx.jia;%dNrKj, iqúfYaI,laIK úia;r lrhs'
YS% ,dxflah Ydka;sl¾uj,iqúfYaI ,laIK;=,kd;aul j ú.%y lrhs'
xxi
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;k úIh ks¾foaYh
ksmqK;dj ksmqK;dj ksmqK;dj ksmqK;dj ksmqK;dj ksmqK;d uÜgu úIh wka;¾.;h bf.kqï m, ld,Éfþo
04
04
02
6'0 ri{;d j¾Okh i|yd
úúO l,dx.j,
iqúfYaI ,laIK
úpdrhg ,la-
lrhs'
6'1 YS% ,dxflah uqødkdgH
l,dfõ miqìu ms<sn|
f;dr;=re bÈßm;a lrh‘'
6'2 YS% ,dxflah uqød kdgHh
krUd úpdrhg ,la
lrhs'
6'3 fjk;a ixialD;shlg
wh;a k¾;k iïm%odh
wOHhkh lrñka
f;dr;=re bÈßm;a lrhs'
• YS% ,dxflah uqød kdgH
l,dj ms<sn| f;dr;=re -
yeÈkaùu - wdrïNh yd
úldYkh ^1930 - 1960
oYlh
• lrÈh $l+ô l;dj uqød
kdgH f;audj " pß; "
rx.jia;%dNrK " k¾;kh "
ix.S;h yd miq;, ks¾udK
• l:l,s k¾;k iïm%odh
jpkd¾:h" m%p,s; m%foaY"
k¾;kh" ix.S;h" jdoH
NdKav " rx.jia;%dNrK yd
wx. rpkh
YS% ,dxflah uqød kdgHl,dj yd ne¢f;dr;=re bÈßm;a lrhs'
YS% ,dxflah uqødkdgHhl iqúfYaI,laIK wOHhkh lrtys jákdlï w.hlrhs'
l:l,s k¾;k iïm%odhyd ne¢ f;dr;=rewOHhkh lr tysiqúfYaI;d úia;r lrhs'
xxii
04
05
03
02
02
85
7'0 w;aoelSï weiqre
lr.ksñka úúO
l,dx. ks¾udKh lrhs'
8'0 k¾;k l,dfjka
,efnk udkisl yd
YdÍßl iajia:;dj
id¾:l Èú fmfj;la
.;lsÍug bjy,a lr
.kshs'
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;k úIh ks¾foaYh
ksmqK;dj ksmqK;dj ksmqK;dj ksmqK;dj ksmqK;dj ksmqK;d uÜgu úIh wka;¾.;h bf.kqï m, ld,Éfþo
• fuu .sïydk ''''' $
yksl jfrõ fld,a,fka'''''
.S;hg k¾;k
ks¾udKhla
• i;a;aj pß; " ñksia pß;
• rx.jia;%dNrK wdlD;shla
ks¾udKh
• iunr fm!reI j¾Okh
- ksjerÈ j ;SrK .ekSu
-ks¾udKYS,S j lghq;= lsÍu
- úfúlh ksis whqßka .;
lsrSu
- YdÍrsl kSfrda.s Ndjh
• k¾;k l%shdldrlï-
k¾;k " .dhk" jdok
wx.j, ksr; ùu
.S;hl miqìu wOHhkhlr .S; wkqj k¾;kks¾udK bÈßm;a lrhs'
i;a;aj yd ñksia pß;j,iajNdjh m%o¾Ykh jkmßÈ isoaêhlg wkqjk¾;k ks¾udKh lrhs'
rx. jia;%dNrKks¾udKh lsÍfï yqrej,nhs'
k¾;k l,dfjka,efnk udkisliajia:;dj mj;ajd.ekSfï jeo.;aluwOHhkh lrhs'
YdÍßl iajia:;djmj;ajd .ekSug l%shdldÍj lghq;= lrhs'
7'1 kdgH .S;hlg k¾;k
ks¾udKh lrhs'
7'2 pß; iajNdjh m%o¾Ykh
jk mßÈ wx. rpkh lrhss'
7'3 YS% ,dxflah k¾;k
iïm%odh yd ine¢
rx.jia;%dNrK wdlD;shla
ks¾udKh lrhs'
8'1 udkisl ijia:;dj
mj;ajd .ekSfï jeo.;alu
úia;r lrhs'
8'2 udkisl iajia:;dj
mj;ajd .ekSug k¾;k
l%shdldrlï bjy,a jk whqre
úuihs'
xxiii
I jdrh
ls%hdldrlï wxl ld,ÉfÊo
2'3'1 jkakï k¾;kh lruq' 02
4'1'1 ks¾ÈIag cklú .dhkdj, miqìu úia;r lruq' 06
4'2'2 rnka yd jkakï lú .hñka i;=gq fjuq' 02
1'2'1 rnka$pdur kegqula ks¾udKh lruq' 05
2'1'1 irU olajñka l=i,;d m%o¾Ykh lruq' 04
3'1'1 fnr jdokhg oE; yqrelr .ksuq' 03
5'1'1 k¾;k l,dfõ fM;sydisl f;dr;=re úuiuq' 02
2'2'1 w,xldr mo f.dv k.uq' 03
27
II jdrh
ls%hdldrlï wxl ld,ÉfÊo
2'3'1 jkakï k¾;kh lruq' 02
2'4'1 fnr mo yd lú m%ia;dr lruq' 03
1'1'1 Ôjk jD;a;shla k¾;k ks¾udKfhka Tmj;a lruq' 05
5'3'1 fidlß .eñ kdglh ms<sn| ;;= úuid n,uq' 02
6'2'1 l,d lD;shl ri ñysr mjiuq' ^lrÈh$l+ôl;dj& 04
7'2'1 fõÈld k¾;khlg WÑ; wx. rpkhla f.dv k.uq' 03
7'1'1 fõÈld kdgH .Shg k¾;k ks¾udKh lruq' 04
4'2'1 TkaÑ,s jdrï yd pdur lú .huq' 02
3'2'1 ikaksfõok ld¾hh i|yd jdoH NdKav fhdod .ekSu ms<sn| f;dr;=re W.ksuq' 02
8'1'1 k¾;kfhka uki iqjm;a lr .ksuq' 02
29
III jdrh
ls%hdldrlï wxl ld,ÉfÊo
2'3'2 iïm%odh /l.ksñka k¾;kfha fhfouq' 03
2'5'1 i;r wNskh 02
5'2'1 k¾;kfha m%j¾Okhg odhl jQjka w.huq' 02
1'3'1 úiauh kue;s ia:dhsNdjh ksrEmKh lruq' 03
4'2'3 kuialdr .d:d yd àld iSmo .huq' 02
5'4'1 fldfydUd hla lxldßh" fofjd,a uvqj yd myka uvqj Ydka;sl¾u ms<sn|
f;dr;=re ;=,kd;aul j bÈßm;a lruq' 04
7'2'2 i;a;aj pß; i|yd ir, wx.rpkhla lruq' 02
6'3'1 l:l,s k¾;kfhys ;;= úuiuq' 02
7'3'1 idïm%odhsl rx. jia;%dNrK lÜg,hl wdlD;shla youq' 03
6'1'1 YS% ,dxflah uqød kdgH l,dfõ m%Njhg n,mE lreKq úuid n,uq' 04
8'2'1 —ksisfia kguq' iqjfia fjfiuq'˜ 02
29
2
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
ksmqK;dj 1'0 ( mßir ksÍlaIKfhka ,nk w;aoelSï weiqre lr.ksñka k¾;k ks¾udK
lrhs.
ksmqK;d uÜgu 1'1 ( m%foaYfha mj;akd jD;a;Ska f;aud lr.ksñka k¾;k ks¾udK lrhs.
l%shdldrlu 1'1'1 ( Ôjk jD;a;shla k¾;k ks¾udKfhka Tmj;a lruq.
ld,Éfþo ixLHdj ( 05
bf.kqï m, 1'1'2 ( • m%foaYfha mj;akd Ôjk jD;a;Ska kï lrhs.
• wod< jD;a;sfha l%shdldrlï fm< .iajhs.
• f;dard.;a jD;a;sfha tk l%shdldrlïj, iqúfYAI ,laIK ms<sn`o
woyia olajhs.
• úúO wjia:djkag WÑ; p,k fhdod .ksñka ks¾udK f.dvk.hs.
• f;audjg wod< ksudjla iys; k¾;k wx.hla bÈßm;a lrhs.
• lKavdhï l%shdldrlïys § iduQysl;ajfhka hq;= j lghq;= lrhs.
• bÈßm;a lrk ks¾udK ms<sn`o úpdrd;aul j woyia olajhs.
• ;u ks¾udK ms<sn`o j wka wh olajk úpdrhkag .re lrñka
m%;spdr olajhs.
.=Kd;aul fhojqï ( jdoH NdKav" weuqKqu wxl 1
ls%hdldrlu ie,iqu i`oyd
Wmfoia ( weuqKqu wxl 1 ys i|yka lr we;s ls%hd ms<sfj< ;jÿrg;a
ixj¾Okh lr.ekSug wjldYh we;s nj i,lkak'
mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1 : • ,xldfõ úúO m%foaYhkays olakg ,efnk ëjr$ueá$m;,a$f;a$
fldyq$lDIs jeks l¾udka; ms<sn`o idlÉPd lsrSu.
• tla ud;Dldjla f;dardf.k tys iqúfYaI ,laIK yd tu jD;a;sfha
iajNdjh wkqj ls%hdldrlï fm<.iajd tla tla wjia:djkays
m%o¾Ykh jk p,k iajNdjh" rx. rgd ks¾udKh" wjldY
Ndú;h ms<sn`o idlÉPd lsÍu.
mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2 ( • weuqKqu wxl 1 lKavdhïj,g ,nd § k¾;k ks¾udKh i`oyd
fhduq lrùug u. fmkaùu yd isiq ks¾udK M,odhs lr.ekSu
i`oyd fnr jdokfhka iydh ùu.
mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3 ( • tla tla lKavdhïj,g ;u ks¾udK bÈßm;a lsÍug wjia:dj
i,id §u.
• tu ks¾udK ms<sn`o úpdrYS,S woyia yd ixj¾Okd;aul fhdackd
idlÉPd lr kj fhdackd yd woyia wkqj k¾;k ks¾udK
fmdaIKh lr.ekSug u. fmkaùu.
3
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
we.hSï yd ;lafiarelrKh i`oyd Wmfoia (
lKavdhï ls%hdldrlï wNHdi lsÍug wjia:dj ,nd § we.hSu lrkak'
• wod< jD;a;sfha p,k l%shdldrlï fm<.eiajQ igyk bÈßm;a
lrkak'
• lKavdhï k¾;k ks¾udK bÈßm;a lrkak'
weuqKqu wxl 1
1' ëjr l¾udka;h - ÈhUg Trej /f.k hEu, oe,a t,Su, oe,a we§u, ud¿ /ia lsÍu, ud¿ j¾.
lsÍu, wf,úh yd i;=gq ùu.
2' ueá l¾udka;h - ueá lemSu, ueá mE.Su, ilfmdarefõ j<x iEÈu, j<x ;e,Su, fmdarKqjg
j<x oeñu, úúO NdKav ksIamdokh, wf,úh yd i;=gq ùu'
3' m;,a l¾udka;h - m;,g hdu, m;, leKsu, b,a,ï .eÍu, ueKsla fjka lsÍu, úúO wdNrK
ksIamdokh, wf,úh yd i;=gq ùu.
4' f;a l¾udka;h - me, isgqùu" .ia lmamdÿ lsÍu" o¿ fk,Su" o¿ fõ,Su" l=vqlr .ekSu"
wf,úh yd i;=gq ùu'
5' fldyq l¾udka;h - fmd,a f,,s tl;= lr Èhg oeóu, fmd,a f,,s ;e,Su, fmd,a fldyq fjka
lsÍu, ,Kq weUÍu, j¾K .ekaùu, úúO NdKav ksIamdokh w,úh yd
i;=gq ùu.
6' lDIs l¾udka;h - ìu ilia lsÍu, me< isgqùu, me< kv;a;=j, wiajkq fk,Su, wiajkq
.nvd lsÍu, wf,úh yd i;=gq ùu.
4
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
ksmqK;dj 1'0 ( mßir ksÍlaIKfhka ,nk w;aoelSï weiqre lr.ksñka k¾;k
ks¾udK lrhs.
ksmqK;d uÜgu 1'2 ( .eñ kegqï yd ine`È úfYaI ,laIK y÷kd.ksñka k¾;k ks¾udKh
lrhs.
l%shdldrlu 1'2'1 ( rnka$pdur kegqula ks¾udKh lruq .
ld,Éfþo ixLHdj ( 05
bf.kqï m, 1'2'2 ( • rnka$pdur kegqfï iqúfYaI ,laIK y÷kajhs.
• rnka$pdur k¾;khg WÑ; p,k ks¾udKh lrhs.
• rx. WmlrK ksjerÈ j yiqrejñka k¾;k bÈßm;a lrhs.
• iduQysl;ajfhka hq;= j ksudjla iys; rnka$pdur k¾;k wx.hla
m%o¾Ykh lrhs.
• rnka$pdur k¾;k ks¾udK ms<sn`o úpdrd;aul j woyia bÈßm;a
lrhs.
• ;u ks¾udK ms<sn`o j wkHhka olajk úpdrhkag ijka § Bg
m%;spdr olajhs.
.=Kd;aul fhojqï ( fnrh, ;d,ïmg, w;a rnka$pdur
ls%hdldrlu ie,iqu i`oyd Wmfoia (
mshjr 1 ( • W.;a rnka$pdur lúhla .dhkd lsÍug isiqkag
wjia:dj ,nd § rnka$pdur kegqfï iqúfYaI ,laIK idlÉPd
lsÍu.
• rnka$pdur yiqre jk wdldrh m%o¾Ykh lr rnka$pdur ksis
f,i yeisrùug u. fmkaùu'
mshjr 2 mshjr 2 mshjr 2 mshjr 2 mshjr 2 ( • isiqka ixLHdj wkqj lKavdhï lr rnka$pdur k¾;k
ks¾udKhg wjia:dj ,nd oSu'
• fnr jdokhg wkqj k¾;k wNHdi lsÍug fhduq lrùu'
mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3 ((((( • lKavdhï jYfhka isiq ks¾udK bÈßm;a lsÍug wjia:dj ,nd
§ k¾;k ks¾udKj, .dhkh, p,kj, WÑ; nj, WmlrK
yeisrùu, wjldY Ndú;h, iduQysl nj ks¾udKd;aul nj,
iuia; ksudj ms<sn`o úpdrd;aul j woyia bÈßm;a lsÍug
wjia:dj ,nd § ta ms<sn`o idlÉPd lsÍu'
we.hSï yd ;lafiarelrKh i`oyd Wmfoia (
fnr jdokhg wkqj wNHdi lsÍug wjia:d ,nd oS bka miq j we.hSu
lrkak'
• rnka$pdur k¾;kh oelsh yels wjia:d kï lrkak.
• rnka$pdur kegqfï iqúfYaI ,laIK y÷kajkak.
• rnka$pdur k¾;khg WÑ; p,k ks¾udKh lrkak.
• ks¾udKh lrk ,o k¾;k wx. bÈßm;a lrkak.
5
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
ksmqK;dj 1'0 ( mßir ksÍlaIKfhka ,nk w;aoelSï weiqre lr.ksñka k¾;k
ks¾udKh lrhs
ksmqK;d uÜgu 1'3 ( Ndj m%ldY jk mßÈ pß; ksrEmKh lrhs'
l%shdldrlu 1'3'1 ( úiauh kue;s ia:dhsNdjh ksrEmKh lruq'
ld,Éfþo ixLHdj ( 03
bf.kqï m, 1'3'2 ( • úiauh kue;s ia:dhsNdjh m%ldY l< hq;= wdldrh ms<sn`o woyia
olajhs.
• úiauh kue;s ia:dhsNdjh m%ldY lsÍug iqÿiq isoaêhla f.dvk.hs.
• úiauh kue;s ia:dhsNdjh m%ldY lsÍug WÑ; p,k ks¾udKh
lrhs.
• tu p,k Wmfhda.S lr.ksñka pß; ksrEmKh lrhs.
• Ndj m%ldYkh ;=<ska pß; iajNdjh ;Sj% lr olajhs.
.=Kd;aul fhojqï ( mska;+r$DVD
ls%hdldrlu ie,iqu i`oyd Wmfoia ( iqÿiq m%fõYhla Ndú; lrñka úiauh kue;s ia:dhSNdjh
m%o¾Ykh lsÍu.
mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1 ( • úiauh kue;s ia:dhsNdjh m%o¾Ykh lsÍfï § Ndú; jk wx.,
m%;Hx., Wmdx. ms<sn| idlÉPd lsÍu' Wmdx. Ndú; lrñka
bÈßm;a lrk p,k Ndj m%ldYk ;Sj% lsÍug m%n, j
n,mdk nj idlÉPd lsÍu.
mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2 ( • úiauh kue;s ia:dhsNdjh ksrEmKh lsÍug iqÿiq isoaêhla
ks¾udKh lsÍug wjia:dj ,nd §u' tla tla isiqjd úiska
igyka lrk ,o ks¾udKd;aul isoaê w;ßka lsysmhla f;dard
f.k ta ms<sn`o úpdrd;aul j idlÉPd lsÍu'
mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3 ((((( • tla isoaêhla f;dard f.k úiauh kue;s ia:dhsNdjh ks¾udKh
lsÍug wjia:dj ,nd oSu'
mshjr 4mshjr 4mshjr 4mshjr 4mshjr 4 ((((( • isiq ks¾udK bÈßm;a lsÍug wjia:dj ,nd § bÈßm;a l< ks¾udK
ms<sn`o úpdrd;aul woyia yd fhdackd bÈßm;a lr ta ms<sn|
iudf,dapkh lsÍu'
we.hSu yd ;lafiarelrKh i`oyd Wmfoia (
• úiauh kue;s ia:dhsNdjfhka WmÈk rih kï lrkak.
• úiauh kue;s ia:dhsNdjh bÈßm;a l< yels flá isoaêhla
ks¾udKh lrkak.
• úiauh kue;s ia:dhsNdjh m%o¾Ykh lrkak.
6
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
ksmqK;dj 2'0 ( k¾;kh yd ine`os uQ,O¾u wkq.ukh lrñka m%dfhda.sl l=i,;d
m%o¾Ykh lrhs.
ksmqK;d uÜgu 2'1 ( idïm%odhsl k¾;kh yd ine¢ yia;-mdo yeisrùfï úêl%u wkq.ukh
lrñka uQ,sl irU bÈßm;a lrhs.
l%shdldrlu 2'1'1 ( irU olajñka l=i,;d m%o¾Ykh lruq.
ld,ÉfÊo ixLHdj ( 04
bf.kqï m, 2'1'2 ( • ;%súO ,h wkqj kshñ; f.dv irU$b,x.ï irU$fodôk mo
;d, ;nñka lshhs.
• wod< lia;srï$brÜá ;d, ;nd lshhs.
• wod< f.dv irU$b,x.ï irU$fodôk mo yd lia;srï$brÜá
;%súO ,h yd fnr jdokhg wkqj bÈßm;a lrhs
• k¾;k m%dfhd a. sl l% shdldrlïj, m%ùK;ajh ,eîug
i;;dNHdifha jeo.;alu m%ldY lrhs.
• ksjerÈ úêl%u wkq.ukh lrñka f.dv irU$b,x.ï irU
fodôk moj,g wod< lia;srï$brÜá yd yudr moh m%o¾Ykh
lrhs.
.=Kd;aul fhojqï ( ;d,ïmg, fnrh, weuqKqu wxl 1
ls%hdldrlu ie,iqu i`oyd Wmfoia ( m%dfhda.sl ls%hdldrlfuys YsIHidOk uÜgu mss<sn|
wjOdkh fhduq lrkak'
mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1 ((((( • 6-9 fY%aKsj, § bf.k.kakd ,o f.dv irU$b,x.ï irU fodôk
mo yd wod< lia;srï$brÜá iuQy l%shdldrlula f,i ú,ïN
yd uOH ,hg fnr jdokhg wkqj k¾;kh lsÍug ie,eiaùu.
• isiq k¾;kh ksÍlaIKh lr f.dv irU$b,x.ï irU$fodôk
mo yd wod< lia;srï$brÜá yd yudr moh k¾;kfha § ksjerÈ
wx.ydr yd fnr jdokhg wkqj ,h m%.=K lsÍu ms<sn`o flá
idlÉPdjla fufyhùu.
mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2 ( • 10,11, iy 12 f.dv irUh$b,x.ï irUh$fodôk moh ,shk
,o weuqKqu m%o¾Ykh lsÍu yd tu irU mo ú,ïN uOH øe;
,hg wkqj ;d, ;nd lSug isiqka fhduq lrùu.
• irU moj,g wod< lia;srï$brÜá ;d, ;nd lSug ie,eiaùu.
mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3 • 10 jk f.dv irU$b,x.ï irU$fodôk mo isiqka úiska ;d,
;nñka lshk úg .=rejrhd úiska ksjerÈ úêl%u wkq.ukh
lrñka k¾;kfha fh§u yd isiqka ksÍlaIKfha fhoùu.
• mshjfrka mshjr k¾;kh lrñka isiqka k¾;khg fhduq lrùu.
• lia;sru$brÜáh mshjfrka mshjr k¾;kh lrùu.
7
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
• isiqka k¾;kfha fhfok úg .=rejrhd jdokfhka iydh ùu.
• 11 iy 12 f.dvirU$b,x.ï irU$fodôk mo yd wod<
lia;srï$brÜá yd yudr moh by; wdldrhg wNHdi lrùu.
• 10,11,12 f.dvirU$b,x.ï irU$fodôk mo yd wod< lia;srï$
brÜá igyka lr.ekSug wjia:dj ,nd §u.
• 10,12 olajd f.dvirU$b,x.ï irU$fodôk mo ;%súO ,hgwkqj k¾;kh lsÍug yd wod< lia;srï$brÜá wNHdi lsÍugwjia:dj ,nd§u.
• mka;sfha ish¨ u isiqkag l%shdldrlu bÈßm;a lsÍug wjia:dj,nd§u.
• isiqka k¾;kfha fhfok úg .=rejrhd jdokfhka iydh ùulKavdhï jYfhka fyda tal, jYfhka i;;dNHdifha fh§ugWmfoia §u.
we.hSu yd ;lafiarelrKh i`oyd Wmfoia (
• 10,11,12 f.dv irU$b,x.ï irU$fodôk mo ;d, ;nd lshkak.
• 10,11,12 f.dv irU$b,x.ï irU$fodôk mo ;%súO ,h yd fnrjdokhg wkqj bÈßm;a lrkak.
• lia;srï$brÜá fnr jdokhg wkqj bÈßm;a lrkak
• 10,11,12 f.dvirU$b,x.ï irU$odôk mo ksjerÈ úê l%uwkq.ukh lrñka m%o¾Ykh lrkak.
• i;;dNHdifha jeo.;alu ms<sn`o woyia olajkak.
weuqKqu 1
Wvrg k¾;k iïm%odh - f.dv irUWvrg k¾;k iïm%odh - f.dv irUWvrg k¾;k iïm%odh - f.dv irUWvrg k¾;k iïm%odh - f.dv irUWvrg k¾;k iïm%odh - f.dv irU
10 - nUr irUhmoh - fodñ lsg $$$ lsg fodïlia;sru - ;lg ;lg ;l ;ßlsg l=kao;a ;d - ;l ð ð l=`o $$
;lg ;lg ;l ;ßlsg l=kao;a $$;lg ;lg ;l ;ßlsg l=kao;a ;d.
11 - mekSï irUhmoh - fodñlsg lsg fodïlia;sru - ;lalv lv;l ðð l=`o - ðlalv lv;l ðð l=`o
f;dxlv lv;l ðð l=`o - kxlv lv;l ðð l=`o;lalv lv;l ðlalv lv;lf;dxlv lv;l kxlv lv;l;lalv ðlalv f;dxlv kxlv;;a ð;a f;dx kx ;d.
12 - pkaøsld irUhmoh - fodñ lsg $$$ lsg fodïlia;sru - ;;a ;;a ;lalv lv;l ð;a ð;a ðlalv lv;l
f;dx f;dx f;dxlv lv;l kx kx kxlv lv;l;;a ;lalv lv;l ð;a ðlalv lv;lf;dx f;dxlv lv;l kx kxlv lv;l;lalv lv;l ðlalv lv;lf;dxlv lv;l kxlv lv;l;lalv ðlalv f;dxlv kxlv;;að;a ;lð;a ;;að;a f;dkakx ;d.
8
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
my;rg k¾;k iïm%odh - b,x.ï irUmy;rg k¾;k iïm%odh - b,x.ï irUmy;rg k¾;k iïm%odh - b,x.ï irUmy;rg k¾;k iïm%odh - b,x.ï irUmy;rg k¾;k iïm%odh - b,x.ï irU
10 - moh - .=ys;s .Èßlsg .=`o .=`o .=ï os;a ;d.ys;s .Èßlsg .; .; .;a È;a ;d
brÜáh - .=ys;s .Èßlsg .=`o .=`o .=¢; .=¢;a ;;a $$.=ys;s .Èßlsg .=`o .;a $$$fodï È;a ;d
11 - moh - ¾ '''' ßï oeysx fr.È; .; .=`o .;a;ï
brÜáh - ßï .; .=`o .;a ;ï ßï .; .=`o .;a ;ï.;a oeysx .=x oeysx .=¢; .=|ï.È; .=|ï fodï; .;x .;.=È;l fo.=|l ±ysx
12 - moh - .=¢; .=ï ±ysx ^È;.;& .È;l= fodï¾ '''''' ßï.; .È.; .;a; .È; .;a.=¢;l È.=ol= fodï
brÜáh - .=¢; .È; .; .;a ±ysx .=x ±ysx
fodx;l= fodx;l= fodx
;ßlsg ;;a Èßlsg ;;a .=¢; .;;a fodx
.È; .;;a fodx fodx; .È; .;
.=È;l È`.=|l= fodx
inr.uq k¾;k iïm%odh - fodôk moinr.uq k¾;k iïm%odh - fodôk moinr.uq k¾;k iïm%odh - fodôk moinr.uq k¾;k iïm%odh - fodôk moinr.uq k¾;k iïm%odh - fodôk mo
10 - moh - ls;a ;d ls;a ;d fcÊ fcÊ;d;;alv ;ßlsg$$ fcÊ fcx ;d-
11 - moh - ;ßlsg Èßlsg Èßlsg ;ßlsg
12 - moh - ;ßlsg Èßlsg Èßlsg ;ßlsgosßl=x ;ßl=x ;ßlsg osßlsg
yudr moh - f;hd $$$$$f;hsh;a ;dï f;ahs ;dï
9
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
ksmqK;dj 2'0 ( k¾;k yd ine`È uQ,O¾u wkq.ukh lrñka m%dfhda.sl l=i,;d
m%o¾Ykh lrhs .
ksmqK;d uÜgu 2'2 ( idïm%odhsl p,k Ndú; lrñka w,xldr mo ^ud;%d& ks¾udKh lrhs.
l%shdldrlu 2'2'1 ( w,xldr mo f.dv k.uq.
ld,Éfþo ixLHdj ( 03
bf.kqï m, 2'2'2 ( • w,xldr mo ^ud;%d& k¾;kh i`oyd iqÿiq p,k ks¾udKh lrhs
• ks¾udKh lr.;a p,k fhdod.ksñka iq¿ uy ̂ud;%d 2+4& fo;s;g
w,xldr mo ^ud;%d& ks¾udKh lrhs'
• jdokhg wkqj w,xldr mo ^ud;%d& k¾;kfha fhfohs.
• ks¾udKh lrk ,o w,xldr mo ^ud;%d& fjk;a k¾;k wjia:d
i`oyd Ndú; lrhs.
• f.dvk.k ,o w,xldr mo ^ud;%d& ms<sn`o úpdrd;aul woyia
bÈßm;a lrhs.
• ks¾udKh lrk ,o w,xldr mo ̂ ud;%d& iduQysl j bÈßm;a lrhs'
.=Kd;aul fhojqï ( Wvrg my;rg inr.uq fnr, ;d,ïmg
ls%hdldrlu ie,iqï i`oyd Wmfoia(
mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1 ((((( • iq¿ uy ^ud;%d 2+4& fo;s;g wh;a idïm%odhsl k¾;k wx.hla
m%o¾Ykh lsÍu' tys ;d,h yd k¾;kfhys idïm%odhsl p,k
ms<sn| idlÉcd lsÍu'
mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2 ((((( • idïm%odhsl p,k weiqre lr.ksñka iq¿ uy ̂ ud;%d 2+ 4& fo;s;g
wkqj w,xldr mo ^ud;%d& ks¾udKh lsÍug isiqka fhduq lrùu'
• ks¾udKh lr.;a w,xldr mo tal, jYfhka fyda l=vd lKavdhï
jYfhka bÈßm;a lsÍug wjia:dj ,nd§u.
mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3 ((((( • ks¾udKh lrk ,o w,xldr mo ms<sn| úpdrd;aul j we.hSug
,la lsÍu yd ;jÿrg;a ixj¾Okh lr.ekSug Wmfoia ,nd §u'
we.hSu yd ;lafiarelrKh i`oyd Wmfoia (
• idïm%odhsl p,k weiqßka iq¿ uy ^ud;%d 2+ 4 & fo;s;g wkqj
w,xldr mo ^ud;%d& ks¾udKh lrkak.
• jdokhg wkqj w,xldr mo k¾;kh lrkak.
• w,xldr mohla ks¾udKh lsÍfï § ie,ls,su;a úh hq;= lreKq
ms<sn`o fláfhka úia;r lrkak.
10
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
ksmqK;dj 2'0 ( k¾;k yd ine`È uQ,O¾u wkq.ukh lrñka m%dfhda.sl l=i,;d
m%o¾Ykh lrhs'
ksmqK;d uÜgu 2'3 ( ksjerÈ wx.ydr wkq.ukh lrñka idïm%odhsl k¾;k wx. m%o¾Ykh
lrhs'
l%shdldrlu 2'3'1 ( jkakï k¾;kh lruq'
ld,Éfþo ixLHdj ( 04
bf.kqï m, 2'3'2 ( • wod< ;s;a rEmh wkqj isxyrdc" iejq,d$wkqrd. oKav;d,h"
kd;s,sxÑ ;d,h$úrdä" uKavql jkakïj, ;dkï yd lú .dhkh
lrhs'
• kshñ; kdoud,dj wkq.ukh lrñka .dhkh lrhs'
• ;dku yd lú .dhkh lrñka k¾;kfha fhfohs'
• lia;sru$brÜáh$l,diu" iSreudrej" wvõj k¾;kh lrhs'
• jdokhg wkqj ;dku lúh .dhkd lrñka k¾;kfha fhfohs'
.=Kd;aul fhojqï ( fnrh" ;d,ïmg jkakï ,shk ,o igyka
ls%hdldrlu ie,iqu i`oyd Wmfoia ( Tn W.kajk k¾;k iïm%odhg wod< jkakï f;dard .; hq;=
h' 9 fY%aKsfha W.;a jkaku iïmQ¾K lr 10 fY%aKshg wod<
jkaku iajdëk j .hñka k¾;kh lsÍug wjYH YlH;d
j¾Okh lr ;sfí ±hs n,kak'
mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1 ((((( • .dhkh mdvfï § W.;a jkakfï ;dku" .dhkh lsrSug fhduq
lrùu'
• k¾;kfha § jkaku .dhkh lsÍfï wjYH;dj úia;r lsÍu'
mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2 ( • jkakug wod< mo fldgia bf.kSug ie,eiaùu'
• lia;sru$brÜáh$l,diu$iSreudrej iy wvõj .=rejrhd
k¾;kh lsÍu yd isiqka k¾;khg fhduq lrùu'
mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3 ((((( • jdokhg wkqj ;dku yd lú .dhkh lrñka iuQy jYfhka
yd tal, jYfhka k¾;kfhys fhoùu'
we.hSï yd ;lafiarelrKh i`oyd Wmfoia (
i;;dNHdifhka miq j we.hSu lrkak'
• ksjerÈ wx.ydr wkq.ukh lrñka jdokhg wkqj wod< jkakuk¾;kh lrkak'
11
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
Wvrg - isxyrdc jkaku
;d,h - uy ^ud;%d 4& ;ks ;s;
fnr moh - fod fodx; ;l= fodx
;dku - ;k;a ;fkk ;ï - ok;a ;fkk ;ï ok;a ;fkk ;ï ok ;dkd '''';k
;k;a ;fkk ;ï - ok;a ;fkk ;ï ok;a ;fkk ;ï ok ;dkd ''''''''''
lúh - fmr;a lf,l isxy rfcla jegqks uy ,s`ola ;=<l bì ,fvla lrmq jev
wer;a fufyu hi jevla Wfka ke; Ñr;a lf,l mej;=ula hihs yev
ÿr;a ne¨u fkdj ,`.;a n,k wh yg;a fuf,i fjhs leg;a ;nñ ov
jg;a whg oefk kg;a lshñ uu rgla ják isxy rc jkakfu yev
lia;sru - ;lg ;lg ;l ;ßlsg l=kao;a $$$
reka;l ðka;l ðx;l ðx l=`o $$$
;d.a .ðx;l ;ßlsg l=kao;a $$
reka;l ðx;l ;ßlsg l=kao;a ;d'
iSreudrej - ;l= ;l ðð l=`o .ð; .ð; l=`o
.ð .; l=`o l=`o ;d ^lv;l&
l=`o l=`o ;d ^lv;l&
l=`o l=`o ;dl= ðka; .; fodñlsg
;ßlsg l=kao;a ;d'
wvõj - ;dï fodñ;s .; fodñ lsg
lv;l ;ßlsg ls;l fodñ;s .; ls;a ;la
l=`o l=`o ;dl= ð;a; .; fodñlsg
;ßlsg l=kao;a ;d'
my;rg - wkqrd.oKAv ;d,h
;d,h - uy ^ud;%d 4& ;ks ;s;
fnr moh - ;l È;a ;l fodx fodx Èx ;l fodx
;dku - f;k f;k f;k f;fkkd f;kï f;k
f;k f;k f;k f;fkkd
lúh - ;dr`.kd ueÈkd Èis iqn%lrd f,i fidñ .=fK kd
ta rdjKd rdjk ke.s Yl% iqrd iqr iu`.sj kd
f;darñkd lsrkd ksis w.% ñfkjq lsre,l or kd
kdrdhk ks;skd Èis §¾>;s f,dai; /l foñ kd
brÜáh - ;l È;a ;l fodx ls;a ;;a lsá;l
;ß.; Èl=ox fodï; fodï; .;
;l%;;a .=ys;s. Èßlsg ;d
12
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
inr.uq - úrdä jkakuinr.uq - úrdä jkakuinr.uq - úrdä jkakuinr.uq - úrdä jkakuinr.uq - úrdä jkaku
;d,h - uy ^ud;%d 4& ;ks ;s;
ojq,a moh - ðñ; l=od fodx
;dku - ;dkd ;k;ï ;k ;k ;k;ï ok ;dkd;Skd ;sk;sï ;sk ;sk ;sk;sï ;sk ;S kd
lúh - mdkd hiiska isßmsß l=¿fkka ys`o jdrdãnQkd rcis;a tl f,i ksr;=re ùjdã.dkd ysñis;a mskjk hiiska fkl jdrdãfiakd ueo ú;a lS fï jkaku okq úrdã
l,diu - l=È; .;s; l=`o .;s .; l=`o .; $$l=È; .;s; l=`o .;s; l=È;a ;;a
wvõj - .;a;l= È;a;d fodx.v ;ßlsg ð;a;dfodxl=`o .;l=`o .;l=`o .;l=`o;lalv ðlalv fodx.v ;ßlsgfodx; fodx; .; .;s.; Èßlsg ;ßlsg ;dðñ;a;;a .;s.; y¾ðla .;l=x ;d
Wvrg - iejq,d jkaku
;d,h - iq¿ uy ^ud;%d 2 + 4& fo;s;
fnr moh - fodx fodx ðx ðx .ð.;
;dku - ;ï ;ïok ;dkï ok ;ïok ;dkï;ï ;ïok ;dk;a f;hs ;ïo kd ;ïfo kd kd
lúh - iqß`ÿka fmr isgka n,hq;a ij;s÷kaiyf.dia l< hqfoka wiq rkach fkd,Èkanr w;a f.k l.ska wek fldka;ú j,skawiqrka l< hqfoka ch f.k l`o l=ureka
.iñka l. m;ska fom¨j wiqr fikaoeremd w;¿fjka m¨ fol f.k ieklskatu jka m¨jlska t Wmka iekhlskaiejq,d ku thska f,dj m< l< Wm;ska
lia;sru - l=`o .ð.; $$$ l=`o ;dl=`o .ð.; $$$ l=`o ;dl=`o .ð.; l=`o ;d $$l=`o ;d $$l=`o .ð.; $$$ l=`o ;d $
iSreudrej - ;l= ;l ;ßlsg l=xo;a.;a ð;a ;l ð;a l=xo;a;l= ;l ;ßlsg l=kao;a fodx ;d
wvõj - fcka ;;a ;;a $$$fcka ;d - fckq ;;a ;;a $$$ fckq ;dfcka ;;a ;;a fcka ;d - fckq ;;a ;;a fckq ;dfcka ;d - fckq ;dfodfydlv ;d - fodfydlv .; l=`o fodfydlv ;d
13
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
my;rg - kd;s,sxÑ ;d,h
;d,h - iq¿ uy ^ud;%d 2 + 4 & fo;s;
fnr moh - fodï ;ï .; .È ;ï .; .=.= oï .; .È;ï
;dku - f;k f;ïf;kf;k f;ïf;kf;k f;ïf;k f;fkkd
lúh - i`o ikaor È.= mqka.sr È<suka Tn hi gdi`o ikaor merÿk fuka ie`.ù fur .sr gdi`o ikaor kj uka;r woyd.;a f,i gdi`o ikaor m;sj,a,N fi; foka iõ i; gd
brÜáh - fodï ;;a Èï .; .=.= È;.; .=ys ;s. Èß lsgfodï .;.; .=x od
inr.uq - uKavql jkaku
;d,h - ueÿï uy ^ud;%d 3 + 4& fo;s;
ojq,a moh - l=`o;a ;lalsg ;lg ðx ;l
;dku - f;hsh ;k;a ;fkkd $$f;hsh ;kd ;k ;dk;a ;;af;dx kx ls;a ;;af;hsh ;k;a ;ykd $$
lúh - wúh /f.k hqohg wd ú,ig $$foúhks fmr isg$$$ ;snqfKa fuf,igf;hsh ;k;a ;ykd$$yhsfhka lSfjd;a jkaku Tìkg $$whsfhda fujkaku$$$ lshdÈhka ugf;hsh ;k;a ;ykd
wyia l=fia jeis .=jkska tk úg$$oyia .Kka ú,$$$ .sh ilaj, jgf;hsh ;k;a ;ykd$$
Woyia ù ßú mdhk ú,ig$$oyia .Kka ye~q$$$uKavqlfhda isg f;hsh ;k;a ;ykd
l,diu - ðx; .; .; .;s; l=`o l=`o $$$ðx; .; l=`o .;s; l=`o .;a
wvõj - ðx; .;a ;;a .;s; .; fodxðx; .; .; .;s; .; fodxðx; .;a ;;a .;;a l=`o .;;d .;a ;;a .;;a l=`o .; ;d
14
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
ksmqK;dj 2'0 ( k¾;kh yd ine`È uQ,O¾u wkq.ukh lrñka m%dfhda.sl l=i,;d
m%o¾Ykh lrhs'
ksmqK;d uÜgu 2'3 ( ksjerÈ wx.ydr wkq.ukh lrñka idïm%odhsl k¾;kdx. m%o¾Ykh
lrhs'
l%shdldrlu 2'3'2 ( iïm%odh /l.ksñka k¾;kfha fhfouq'
ld,Éfþo ixLHdj ( 03
bf.kqï m, 2'3'2 ( • jÜgfï$.uka ud;%fha wkkH;d ,laIK úia;r lrhs'
• kshñ; ;s;a rEm u; jÜgï msÍu" mo" lia;srï" wvõ$wka;däh"
brÜáh$l,diï jÜgu" wvõj ;d, ;nñka lshhs'
• kshñ; wx.ydr wkq.ukh lrñka k¾;kh lrhs'
• jdokhg wkqj tal, yd iduQysl j k¾;kh bÈßm;a lrhs'
• Ys,amSh m%d.=KHh j¾Okhg i;;dNHdih jeo.;a nj m%ldY
lrhs'
.=Kd;aul fhojqï ( .eg fnrh$my;rg fnrh$ojq," ;d,ïmg yd oDYHdOdr
ls%hdldrlu ie,iqu i`oyd Wmfoia ( Tn W.kajk iïm%odhg wod< ks¾foaYs; fldgia f;dard.;
hq;= h'
Wvrg - fodx ðx; .; fodx; jÜgu - jÜgï msÍu" mo
02" lia;srï 02" wvõ 02
my; rg - .=`o .;s .; jÜgu - mo 02" wka;däh"
brÜá 02
inr.uq .uka ud;%h - mo" l,diï jÜgu" l,diu"
wvõj
mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1 ((((( • .=rejrhd úiska fodx ðx; .; fodx;$.=o .;s .; jÜgu$inr.uq
.uka ud;%hg wh;a mo m%o¾Ykh lr tys iqúfYAI wkkH;d
,laIK úia;r lsÍu'
• kshñ; ;s;a rEm wkqj jÜgï msÍu" mo" lia;srï" wvõ$ud;%d"
wka;däh" brÜá$l,diï jÜgu" l,diu" wvõj ;d, ;nd lSug
fhduq lrùu'
• .=rejrhd úiska jÜgï msÍu" moh" lia;sru" wvõj$ud;%d"
wka;däh" brÜáh $.uka ud;%h mo l,diï jÜgu" wvõj
m%o¾Ykh lr k¾;kh i`oyd fhduq lrùu'
mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2 ((((( • fnr$ojq,a jdokhg wkqj jÜgï msÍu" .uka ud;%h mo l,diï
jÜgu" wvõj wNHdi lrùu'
• jdokhg wkqj kshñ; mo fldgia wNHdi lrùu yd ksjerÈ
wx.ydr wkq.ukh lsÍug u. fmkaùu'
• i;;dNHdifhys wjYH;djh ms<sn`o idlÉPd lrñka iduQysl
jYfhka wNHdifha fh§ug Wmfoia §u'
15
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
we.hSï yd ;lafiarelrKh i`oyd Wmfoia ( W.kajk k¾;k iïm%odhg ks¾foaYs; úIh fldgia
f;dard .kak'
• jÜgug$.uka ud;%hg wod< ;d, rEmh kï lrkak'
• kshñ; ;d, rEmh wkqj mo fldgia ;d, ;nd lshkak'
• jdokhg wkqj iduQysl j k¾;kh lrkak'
• tal, jYfhka jÜgu$.uka ud;%h k¾;kh lrkak'
úIh wka;¾.;h
Wvrg k¾;k iïm%odhWvrg k¾;k iïm%odhWvrg k¾;k iïm%odhWvrg k¾;k iïm%odhWvrg k¾;k iïm%odh
fodxðx; .; fodx; jÜgu - ;d,h- iq`M ueÿï ^ud;%d 2 fodxðx; .; fodx; jÜgu - ;d,h- iq`M ueÿï ^ud;%d 2 fodxðx; .; fodx; jÜgu - ;d,h- iq`M ueÿï ^ud;%d 2 fodxðx; .; fodx; jÜgu - ;d,h- iq`M ueÿï ^ud;%d 2 fodxðx; .; fodx; jÜgu - ;d,h- iq`M ueÿï ^ud;%d 2 +++++ 3& fo;s; 3& fo;s; 3& fo;s; 3& fo;s; 3& fo;s;
jÜgï msÍu - f;ysx f;ysx; .ð ðl=`o .;a ð;a .ðx ðl=`o
f;ysx f;ysx; .ð ðl=o fodx ;d'
1' jÜgï ud;%h - fodx ðx; .; fodx;
lia;sru - l=`o .ð; l=`o ;d'
wvõj - ;;a ;lg ;l frdx
;lalv ;lalv l=`o ;l frdx
;l frdx .ðx ðl=`o lsá ;lg l=kao;a ðl frdx
2' jÜgï ud;%h - fodx ðx; .; fodx;
lia;sru - l=`o .ð; $$$ l=`o ;d
wvõj - ;d;a ðx ;;a ;;a ðx ;;a ðx ;;a ;;a
fodfydlv ;ylv fodñlsg l=`o
.; l=l=o - ð;a f;ysx
;y¾ð;a ;y¾ð;a l=`o ;y¾ð;a ;y¾ fodx
my;rg k¾;k iïm%odh
.=`o .;s .; jÜgu - ;d,h- iq`M ^ud;%d 2& ;ks ;s;.=`o .;s .; jÜgu - ;d,h- iq`M ^ud;%d 2& ;ks ;s;.=`o .;s .; jÜgu - ;d,h- iq`M ^ud;%d 2& ;ks ;s;.=`o .;s .; jÜgu - ;d,h- iq`M ^ud;%d 2& ;ks ;s;.=`o .;s .; jÜgu - ;d,h- iq`M ^ud;%d 2& ;ks ;s;
1' moh - .=`o .;s .; .=`o .=`o .;s .;
wka;däh - .=`o .;s .; .=`o .;a ;ï
brÜáh - .=xo;a .ys;s .Èßlsg .; .; .ys;s .;ï;;a È;a ;;a È.;ï fodx ^.;s .;&
2' moh - .=`o .;s .; .=| .=| .;s .;
wka;däh - .=`o .;s .; .=`o .;a ;ï
brÜáh - .=xo;a .ys;s .Èßlsg .; .; $$ .ys;s .;ï;;a È;a ;;a È.;ï fodx ^.;s .;&
16
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
inr.uq k¾;k iïm%odh
.uka ud;%h - ;d,h- ueÿï ^ud;%d 3& ;ks ;s;.uka ud;%h - ;d,h- ueÿï ^ud;%d 3& ;ks ;s;.uka ud;%h - ;d,h- ueÿï ^ud;%d 3& ;ks ;s;.uka ud;%h - ;d,h- ueÿï ^ud;%d 3& ;ks ;s;.uka ud;%h - ;d,h- ueÿï ^ud;%d 3& ;ks ;s;
1' ojq,a moh - ðx lsá ;;a ;;a lsá;l
l,diï jÜgu - l=È; .;s; ;;a l=o.; l=È; .;s;
.; l=o fodx
l,diu - ðx; .;;a ;;a l=`o.; $$$.È; l=È;a ;;a ls;a ;;a
wvõj - ;;a lsgy¾ ðla lsg l=x;;a ls;a;;a .; ls;a ;;a.;s lsgy¾ ðla lsg l=x;;a ls;a;;a .; ls;a ;;afodax; .;a;;a lsá;l;l=o .;;a l=`o.; l=o ;d
17
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
ksmqK;dj 2'0 ( k¾;k yd ine`È uQ,O¾u wkq.ukh lrñka m%dfhda.sl l=i,;d
m%o¾Ykh lrhs'
ksmqK;d uÜgu 2'4 ( m%ia;drlrKfha úê l%u wkq.ukh lrhs'
l%shdldrlu 2'4'1 ( fnr mo yd lú m%ia;dr lruq'
ld,Éfþo ixLHdj ( 03
bf.kqï m, 2'4'2 ( • kshñ; lú .dhk iy k¾;k mo m%ia;dr lsÍfï úêl%u
idlÉPd lrhs'
• úêl%u yd úúO Ys,am l%u Ndú; lrñka wod< lú yd k¾;k
mo fldgia m%ia;dr lrhs'
• ksjerÈ j m%ia;drlrKfha fhfoñka ;d, ms<sn`o m%dfhda.sl
l=i,;d m%o¾Ykh lrhs'
• ;=ka ;sf;a m%fNao y÷kajhs'
.=Kd;aul fhojqï ( wod< úIh fldgia wka;¾.; igyka
ls%hdldru ie,iqï lsÍu
i|yd Wmfoia ( idïm%odhsl k¾;k wx. mdvfï olajd we;s jkakï yd jÜgï
o" .dhk mdvfï olajd we;s rnka lú yd pdur lú o m%ia;dr
lrKh i`oyd fhdod .kak'
• m%ia;drlrKh ms<sn`o isiq oekqu úuiñka ir, ;s;a rEm" úNd.
fjka fldg oelaùfï § fldgia y;rla Ndú; lsÍu" lú moj,
fh§ we;s ud;%d ,>q" .=re jYfhka fjka fldg y`ÿkd.ekSu
yd kshñ; ia:dkj, ix{d i,l=Kq fh§u ms<sn`o idlÉPd
lsÍu'
mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1 ((((( • wod< jkakï" jÜgï" rnka lú" pdur lú m%ia;drlrKh i`oyd
isiqka fhduq lsÍu'
mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2 ((((( • m%ia;dr igyka ksÍlaIKh lr yß jeros n,d ilia lr wjYH
kï kej; m%ia;dr lsÍug fhduq lrùu'
mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3 ((((( • ;=ka;sf;a m%fNao y`ÿkajd §u'
we.hSu yd ;lafiarelrKh i`oyd Wmfoia (
• wod< fnr mohla" lúhla" lia;srula$brÜáhla$l,diula
yd wvõjla m%ia;dr lrkak'
• ;=ka;sf;a m%fNao kï lrkak'
18
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
ksmqK;dj 2'0 ( k¾;k yd ne`È uQ,O¾u wkq.ukh lrñka m%dfhda.sl l=i,;d
m%o¾Ykh lrhs'
ksmqK;d uÜgu 2'5 ( k¾;k l,dj yd ne`È m%ldYk úêl%u wOHhkh lrñka woyia olajhs'
l%shdldrlu 2'5'1 ( i;r wNskh'
ld,Éfþo ixLHdj ( 02
bf.kqï m, 2'5'2 ( • m%ldYk úêl%u f,i i;r wNskh Ndú; jk nj m%ldY lrhs'
• i;r wNskh úia;r lrhs'
• fm%alaIl ri úkaokh Wfoid i;r wNskh jeo.;a jk nj
m%ldY lrhs'
.=Kd;aul fhojqï ( fnrh$;d,ïmg$Ydka;sl¾u fm<md,s we;=<;a CD ;eáhla $tu
PdhdrEm$ri Ndj oelafjk oDYHdOdr
ls%hdldrlu ie,iqï lsÍu i|yd Wmfoia (
mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1 ( • l,ska ie,iqï lrk ,o fyda wjia:dkql+, j ks¾udKh lrk
,o isÿùula weiqßka wdx.sl" id;a;aúl" jdÑl" wdyd¾h wNskh
m%o¾Ykh lrñka ta ms<sn| úuiSu'
mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2 ((((( • i;r wNskh ms<sn| lreKq úia;r lsÍu'
• fm%alaIl riúkaokfhys ,d i;r wNskfhys jeo.;alu yd
f;audj u;= lsÍug" m%dix.sl nj ;Sj% lsÍug" m%ldYkuh .=Kh
u;= lsÍug i;r wNskh bjy,a lr.kakd wdldrh úia;r lsÍu
yd wjYH lreKq igyka lr.ekSug ie,eiaùu'
we.hSï yd ;lafiarelrKh i`oyd Wmfoia (
• i;r wNskh kï lrkak'
• i;r wNskh úia;r lrkak'
• k¾;k ks¾udKhkays id¾:l;ajfhys ,d i;r wNskh bjy,a
jk whqre úia;r lrkak'
19
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
ksmqK;dj 3'0 ( idïm%odhsl jdoH NdKav yd úl,am jdoH WmlrK y÷kd.ksñka jdok
l=i,;d m%o¾Ykh lrhs'
ksmqK;d uÜgu 3'1 ( ksjerÈ Ys,amSh l%u wkq.ukh lrñka fnr jdokh lrhs'
l%shdldrlu 3'1'1 ( fnr jdokhg oE; yqrelr .ksuq'
ld,ÉfÊo ixLHdj ( 03
bf.kqï m, 3'1'2 ( • 01" 02 fnr$ojq,a irU mo ;d, ;nñka lshhs'
• ksjerÈ wlaIr W;amdokh jk wdldrhg fnr$ojq,a irU mo
jdokh lrhs'
• ú,ïN" uOH ,h wkq.ukh lrñka fnr$irU mo jdokh lrhs'
• iq¿ ueÿï ^ud;%d 2 + 3 & fo;s;g fnr" ojq,a mo jdokh lrhs'
• iduQysl j yd tAl, j y`v md,kh lrñkaa jdokh bÈßm;a
lrhs'
.=Kd;aul fhojqï ( fnr" ;d,ïmg
ls%hdldrlu ie,iqu i`oyd Wmfoia (fnr irU 02 la iy iq¿ ueÿï ̂ ud;%d 2 + 3& fo;s; g wod< mo
fldgia weiqre lr.kak'
mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1 ((((( • i;r îcdlaIr jdokh lr flá idlÉPdjla fufyhjd i;r
îcdlaIr jdokh lsÍug u. fmkaùu yd fnrjdokfha §
wkq.ukh l< hq;= úê l%u y÷kajd§u'
• ;d, ;nd irU moh lSug yd ú,ïN" uOH ,hg irU mo
jdokh lsÍug fhduq lrùu'
mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2 ((((( • iq¿ ueÿï ^ud;%d 2 + 3& fo;s;g fnr mohla jdokh lr isiqka
g ;d, ;eîug wjia:dj ,nd §u yd fnr mo jdokh lsÍug
fhduq lrùu'
mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3 ((((( • i;r îcdlaIr" m<uq yd fojk fnr irU ú,ïN" uOH ,hg
jdokh lsÍu' iq¿ ueÿï ^ud;%d 2+3& fo;s;g fnr mo jdokh
wNHdi lrùu'
we.hSï yd ;lafiarelrKh i`oyd Wmfoia (
wNHdi lsÍug m%udKj;a ld,hla ,nd § bkamiq we.hSug ,la lrkak'
• i;r îcdlaIr jdokh lrkak'
• iq¿ ueÿï ^ud;%d 2 + 3& fo;s;g wod< fnr mo jdokh lrkak'
• m<uq yd fojk fnr$ojq,a irU mo mo ú,ïN" uOH ,hg
jdokh lrkak'
20
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
i;r îcdlaIri;r îcdlaIri;r îcdlaIri;r îcdlaIri;r îcdlaIr
Wvrg - ;" ð" f;d" k ^;;a" ð;a" f;dx" kx&
my;rg - ;" È" f;d" k ^;;a" È;a" f;dx" kx&
inr.uq - ;" ð" f;d" k ^;;a" ð;a" f;dx" kx&
fnr irUfnr irUfnr irUfnr irUfnr irU
Wvrg - 1' ;lg2' ;lg l=og
my;rg - 1' .=ys;s2' .=ys;s .ys;s
inr.uq - 1' ;lg2' ;lg ðlg
iq¿ ueÿï fo;s;g fnr moiq¿ ueÿï fo;s;g fnr moiq¿ ueÿï fo;s;g fnr moiq¿ ueÿï fo;s;g fnr moiq¿ ueÿï fo;s;g fnr mo
Wvrg - fodx ðx; .; fodx;
my;rg - .=x fo.; .;a; .=x
inr.uq - ðx ðñ; ;;a ;lg
21
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
ksmqK;dj 3'0 ( idïm%odhsl jdoH NdKav yd úl,am jdoH WmlrK y`ÿkd.ksñka
jdok l=i,;d m%o¾Ykh lrhs'
ksmqK;d uÜgu 3'2 ( ikaksfõok ld¾hh i`oyd jdoH NdKav Ndú; l< wjia:d úia;r
lrhs'
l%shdldrlu 3'2'1 ( ikaksfõok ld¾hh i`oyd jdoH NdKav fhdod.ekSu ms<sn`o f;dr;=re
W.ksuq'
ld,ÉfÊo ixLHdj ( 02
bf.kqï m, 3'2'2 ( • ikaksfõok ld¾hh i`oyd w;S;fha isg u foaYSh jdoH NdKav
Ndú; l< nj m%ldY lrhs'
• ikaksfõok l%shdj,sh uq,a fldgf.k jdok wjia:d kï fldg
we;s nj m%ldY lrhs'
• tu ikaksfõok wjia:d wd.ñl yd idudÔh jYfhka j¾. lr
olajhs'
• wd.ñl yd idudÔh ikaksfõok wjYH;d i`oyd NdKav Ndú;fha
§ úúO Wml%u fhdod.;a wdldrh úia;r lrhs'
• j¾;udkfha úúO iudc wjYH;dj, § fuu jdoH NdKav fhdod
.kakd njg lreKq bÈßm;a lrhs'
.=Kd;aul fhojqï ( .eg fnrh" my;rg fnrh" ojq," rndk" Y%jH mg'
ls%hdldrlu ie,iqu i`oyd Wmfoia (
mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1 ((((( • f;dard.;a fnrmo fldgila fyda u`.=,a fnr" u< fnr jdok
we;=<;a y`v mghla Y%jKhg ie,eiaùu'
• Y%jKh lrk ,o mo fldgia ms<sn| isiq woyia úuiSu' w;S;fha
fuka u j¾;udkfha o foaYSh jdoH NdKav úúO idudÔh"
wd.ñl yd fjk;a wjYH;d i`oyd fhdod.;a wjia:d kï lsÍu'
^Wod( wK fnr" rK fnr" u< fnr" jo fnr" f;ajd jdok"
fyaúis jdok" rnka jdok& wjia:d kï lsÍu'
mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2 ((((( • isiqka lKavdhï lr" weuqKqï 01 ,nd § we.hSu yd
;lafiarelrKfha § we;s m%Yakj,g ms<s;=re f.dkq lsÍug fhduq
lrùu'
mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3 ( • lKavdhï jYfhka ms<s;=re bÈßm;a lsÍug wjia:dj ,nd §u'
• tu ms<s;=re weiqßka ;jÿrg;a lreKq ±laùu'
22
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
we.hSu yd ;lafiarelrKh i`oyd Wmfoia (
• ikaksfõokh i`oyd Ndú; jdoH NdKav kï lrkak'
• ikaksfõokh i`oyd foaYSh jdoH NdKav jdokh l< wjia:d
kï lrkak
• jdokh lsÍfï § ta ta wjia:djka yd ne¢ úê l%u úia;r lrkak'
• fuu jdok wx. ixrlaIKh i`oyd iqÿiq l%shd ud¾. y;rla
fhdackd lrkak'
weuqKqu 01
w;S;fha mgka j¾;udkh olajd Y%S ,dxlslfhda úúO wjYH;d Wfoid foaYSh jdoH NdKav
weiqre lr .;ay' w;S;fha ia;+m mQcd" fndaê mQcd" Od;= ksOdfkda;aij" .sßNKav mQcd" Èhfl<s" ov fl<s
jeks W;aij yd iudc lghq;= fuys ,d jeo.;a fõ'
fyaúis yd f;ajd jeks jdok wd.ñl lghq;= i`oyd Ndú; úh' wK fnr" u< fnr" jo fnr"
u.=,a fnr" rnka jdok" idudÔh lghq;= Wfoid Ndú; úh' rK fnr hqOuh wjia:dj, § Ndú;
úh'
weuqKqu 02
fuu jdokh uQ,sl jYfhka u ikaksfõok ld¾h wruqKq lr.;a w;r" Ndú; lsÍfï § yv
md,kh i|yd úúO Wml%u fhdod .kq ,eî h' Wod( u<fnr jdokfha § ojq, iqÿ msrejghlska jeiSu'
úúO iudc wjia:d wkqj jdokhg fhdod.kakd jdoH NdKav úúO jk w;r" tajd jdokfha §
úúO ufkdaNdj u;= lsÍfuys ,d iu;a fõ' u<fnr yd jo fnr jdokfhka lreK rih;a" rK fnr
jdokfhka ùr rih;a ,nd §ug jdolfhda W;aidy .ks;s'
j¾;udkfha úúO wd.ñl" idudcSh" ixialD;sl ixo¾Yk yd ix.S; lghq;= i`oyd jdoH NdKav
fhdod .kakd w;r" fuu jdok wjia:d ixialD;sl jYfhka YS% ,dxflah ck iudcfha m%n, jákdlï
ysñ lr.kS' úúO wjia:dj, § jdokh lrkq ,nk jdoH NdKav úúO jkakd fia u úúO mo fldgia
o wjia:dkql+, j jdokh lrkq ,efí' tu mo jdokh u.ska m%n, ikaksfõokhla isÿ fõ'
23
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
ksmqK;dj 4'0 ( YS% ,dxflah ixialD;sh yd ne`È .dhkj, miqìu wOHhkh lrñka.dhk l=i,;d m%o¾Ykh lrhs'
ksmqK;d uÜgu 4'1 ( ks¾foaYs; .dhk yd ne|s ixialD;sl miqìu úia;r lrhs'
l%shdldrlu 4'1'1 ( ks¾osIag cklú .dhkj, miqìu úia;r lruq'
ld,ÉfÊo ixLHdj ( 06
bf.kqï m, 4'1'1 ( • rnka yd jkakï lú .dhk yd ne|s miqìu fláfhka olajhs'• pdur yd TxÑ,s jdrï lú .dhkj, miqìu úuihs'• kuialdr .d:d yd àld iSmo lú .dhkj, miqìu úia;r lrhs'• ks¾osIag fuu lú .dhkj, jákdlu y÷kd.ksñka tajd
ixrlaIKh lsÍug fhdackd bosßm;a lrhs'• wod< lú .dhkh lrñka tu lú .dhkj, iqúfYaI ,laIK
m%o¾Ykh lrhs'
.=Kd;aul fhojqï ( fnr" ;d,ïmg yd wod< lú igyka
ls%hdldrlu ie,iqu i`oyd Wmfoia ( fuu ls%hdldrlug wod< ld,ÉfÊo 06 jdr ;=kg fol ne.ska
fjka lr.kak' jdr igyfkys ls%hdldrlï fnod olajd we;swdldrh y÷kd.kak' .dhkhg fmr ta ms<sn| wjfndaOh ,nd.; yels jk mßos jvd;a iqÿiq yd ksjerÈ f,i ls%hdldrluie,iqï lr.kak' I jdrh rnka yd jkakï lú" IIjdrh- pduryd TkaÑ,s jdrï lú" III jdrh- kuialdr .d:d yd àld iSmo
mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1 • wod< lú Y%jKhg ie,eiaùu yd .dhkh lrñka tu lú y÷kajd§u'
mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2 • wod< lú ks¾udKh lsÍug n,mE lreKq" tu lú .dhkj, we;sfjkialï" iqúfYaI kdo rgd" w>d;d;aul" wkd>d;d;aul,laIK" ck iudch yd fuu lú w;r we;s in|;d" lúixrlaIKh lsÍug .; yels mshjr ms<sn| idlÉcd lsÍu'
mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3 • wod< lú .dhkh lsÍug i,iajd tu lúj, iqúfYaI ,laIKwe.hSug ,la lsÍu yd ixrlaIKh lsÍu ms<sn| isiq woyia úuiñkaidlÉcd lr wjYH f;dr;=re igyka lr .ekSug fhduq lsÍu'
we.hSu yd ;lafiarelrKh i`oyd Wmfoia (
fuu lú .dhk ls%hdldrlï jdr ;=kg wod< neúka we.hSfï oS ta tajdrhg ks¾foaYs; .dhk we.hSug ie,iqï lrkak'• rnka yd jkakï lú .dhkj, miqìu úia;r lrkak'• rnka lúhla fyda wod< jkakfï ;dku yd lúh .hñka tys
iqúfYaI ,laIK y÷kajkak'• pdur yd TkaÑ,s jdrï lúj, .dhkj, miqìu úuikak'• kuialdr .d:d yd àld iSmo .hñka tu .dhkj, iqúfYaI
.dhk ,laIK úia;r lrkak'
24
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
ksmqK;dj 4'0 ( YS% ,dxflah ixialD;sh yd ine`È .dhkj, miqìu wOHhkh lrñka
.dhk l=i,;d m%o¾Ykh lrhs'
ksmqK;d uÜgu 4'2 ( kshñ; kdoud,dj wkq.ukh lrñka ck .dhk bÈßm;a lrhs'
l%shdldrlu 4'2'1 ( TkaÑ,s jdrï yd pdur lú .huq'
ld,ÉfÊo ixLdj ( 02
bf.kqï m, 4'2'1 ( • TxÑ,s jdrï lú yd pdur lú ksjerÈ kdoud,djg wkqj .dhk
lrhs'
• kshñ; fnrmo wkqj ;d, ;nñka wod< lú .dhkh lrhs'
• fnr jdokhg wkqj ;d, ;nñka TkaÑ,s jdrï lú yd pdur
lú .dhkh lrhs'
• iduQysl;ajfhka hq;= j talSh y`v;,hl msysgd .dhkh lrhs'
• iajlSh y~;,h yiqrejd.ksñka .dhkh lrhs'
.=Kd;aul fhojqï ( Y%jH mg" äuhs fld<" weuqKqï
ls%hdldrlu ie,iqu i`oyd Wmfoia ( úúO m%fõY yd bf.kqï l%u Ndú; lrñka TkaÑ,s jdrï lú
yd pdur lú ud;Dld hgf;a fjka jYfhka l%shdldrlï ie,iqï
lr.kak'
mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1 ( • .=rejrhd úiska TxÑ,s jdrï lú yd pdur lú .dhkh lrñka ta
ms<sn`o idlÉPd lsÍu'
• lú iys; weuqKqu isiqka w;f¾ fnod §u'
• TxÑ,s jdrï lú yd pdur lú .dhk lrùu' lKavdhï jYfhka
mqyqKq ùug ie,eiaùu yd Wmfoia ,nd §u'
mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2 ((((( • tla tla lKavdhu ne.ska TkaÑ,sjdrï lú yd pdur lú .dhkh
lsÍug ie,eiaùu'
we.hSu yd ;lafiarelrKh i`oyd Wmfoia (
ls%hdldrlï wjidkfha laIKsl we.hSula lr wjYH iqÿiq wjia:djl
§ my; i|yka m%Yak wkqj we.hSu lrkak'
• kshñ; kdoud,djg wkqj TkaÑ,s jdrï lúhla .dhkh lrkak'
• kshñ; ud,djg wkqj pdur lúhla .dhkh lrkak'
• lKavdhï jYfhka TkaÑ,s jdrï lú yd pdur lú .dhk
bÈßm;a lrkak'
25
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
TxÑ,s jdrï lú
1' mqrjr ueo ne|s rka TkaÑ,a,d ÿr hk ;rug mqÿu fkdfj,a,d
jer ir msßñka ;j meom,a,d iqrmqr foúhka /l=fu ish,a,d
2' wg fok wg fldK jdä fjh,a,d isgf.k fofofkla fmd¨ md.,a,d
jõ,ka f,i lerflk TkaÑ,a,d wms;a mÈuq fï rka TkaÑ,a,d
fidnuka foú jre ifofkla t;kg
nisñka pdur .;af;a iqr;g
.ksñka pdur ie¨fõ uqks÷g
wms oeka olajuq ta r`. inhg
pdur k¾;kh i|yd by; lúh Ndú; lrk w;r pdur k¾;kh rdc iNd ,laIK .kakd
ksid k¾;kfha § m%Yia;s lú o Ndú; lrhs'
Wod( ch ch isxy kf¾kaød rlaI rlaI - ch ch isxy iqf¾kaød
ch ch isxy iqf¾kaød rlaI rlaI - ch ch lkao iqßkaod
mdom;au wiqrka To ìkaod - isßyia ±re fõ,d wúfhkaod
.;a;o fk;a fod, iskaod rlaI rlaI - foú /lf|ka iqr lkaod
26
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
ksmqK;dj 4'0 ( YS% ,dxflah ixialD;sh yd ne`È .dhkj, miq ìu wOHhkh lrñka
.dhk l=i,;d m%o¾Ykh lrhs'
ksmqK;d uÜgu 4'2 ( kshñ; kdoud,dj wkq.ukh lrñka .dhk bÈßm;a lrhs'
l%shdldrlu 4'2'2 ( rnka yd jkakï lú .hñka i;=gq fjuq'
ld,Éfþo ixLHdj ( 02
bf.kqï m, 4'2'2 ( • kshñ; kdoud,djg wkqj rnka lú .dhkh lrhs'
• kshñ; kdoud,dj wkq.ukh lrñka jkakï .dhkh lrhs'
• fnr jdokhg wkqj ;d, ;nñka rnka yd jkakï lú .dhk
lrhs'
• talSh y`v ;,hl msysgd iduQysl j .dhkh lrhs'
• iajlSh y`v ;,h y÷kd.ksñka .dhkh lrhs'
.=Kd;aul fhojqï ( Y%jH mg" oDYH mg" mska;+r
ls%hdldrlu ie,iqu i`oyd Wmfoia ( rnka yd jkakï lú .dhkh l%shdldrlï fjka fjka jYfhka
ie,iqï lr.kak'
mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1 ((((( • rnka lú Y%jKhg ie,eiaùu'
• Y%jKh lrñka .dhkfha fh§ug wjia:dj ie,iSu'
• lKavdhï jYfhka ksjerÈ kdoud,dj wkqj .dhkhg fhduq
lrùu'
mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2 ((((( • wod< jkaku Y%jKhg ie,eiaùu'
• lKavdhï jYfhka .dhkh lsÍug wjia:dj ie,iSu'
• fnr jdokh wkqj ;d, ;nñka .dhkh lrùu'
• kej; kej; .dhk wNHdihg wjia:dj ,nd§u'
we.hSu yd ;lafiarelrKh i`oyd Wmfoia (
• ;d, ;nñka ksjerÈ j rnka lúhla .dhkh lrkak'
• jkaku ksjerÈ kdoud,dj wkqj .dhkh lrkak'
• talSh y`v ;,hl msysgd lKavdhï jYfhka jkaku yd rnka
lúhla .dhkh lrkak'
• fnr jdokhg wkqj ;d, ;nñka jkakfï ;dku" lúh yd
rnka lú .dhkh lrkak'
27
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
rnka lúrnka lúrnka lúrnka lúrnka lú
• kï W;=ka fmïnr .=K reisre rndkd
oeka fuuka w;ska /f.k lrljñ ukd
fmï is;ska n,kq uekú fofk;a mdñkd
ikaf;diska wikq uekú lSu fjk fjkd
• w;lg f.k rnka fmdäh jh;s Èis reúka
.;is; n`o fid,jd is,s is,s ko lrñka
is;lgj;a fkdf.k r`.;s úÿ,sh ú,iska
wyig ouñka w,a,d rndk oE;ska
• ;%súO {dk úÿrE m`ä wfm uy f.!;u kï uqksª ''''''''
t nqÿ jQ f.!;u kï uqksª ''''''''
foiQ oyï weiqug ta ksu,d - úiQ Njh hl=f.ka ;;= oek,d
kid ,kag lsõ Èú wi,d nK - foiQ úÿr mKa`ä;uhs f.!;u
tod t we;= úÿug wd jeÈ yg - mqod t o< fol § ,d oE;g
iod t nqÿ nj me;= ud;d yg - mqod jÈuq wms u,a f.k foda;g
• rglg uõ iu.ska tkeõ ke. hk l, wfm uqKsÿka
ulfrg .eiQ iq<`.ska tkej ì`o iuqÿr ueo .s¨fkka
Wrmsg uõ ;nñka i;shla mSk, f.dv ke.=fkka
wgúis uqks`ÿ nf,ka wmyg wjir ,efnkq ifnka
^wod< jkakï i`oyd 11-12-13 msgq n,kak'&
28
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
ksmqK;dj 4'0 ( YS% ,dxflah ixialD;sh yd ne`È .dhkj, miq ìu wOHhkh lrñka
.dhk l=i,;d m%o¾Ykh lrhs'
ksmqK;d uÜgu 4'2 ( kshñ; kdoud,dj wkq.ukh lrñka .dhk bÈßm;a lrhs'
l%shdldrlu 4'2'3 ( kuialdr .d:d yd àld iSmo .huq'
ld,Éfþo ixLHdj ( 02
bf.kqï m, 4'2'2 (
• kuialdr .d:d yd àld iSmo lú kshñ; kdo ud,djg wkqj
.dhkh lrhs'
• talSh y~;,hl msysgd tal, j yd iduQysl j kuialdr yd àld
iSmo lú .dhkh lrhs'
• iajlSh y`v;,h y÷kd.ksñka lú .dhk bÈßm;a lrhs'
.=Kd;aul fhojqï ( Y%jH mg" lú ,shk ,o mqjre$m;s%ld
ls%hdldrlu ie,iqu i`oyd Wmfoia ( .=Kd;aul fhojqï Ndú; lrñka iqÿiq bf.kqï l%ufõo
wkqj ls%hdldrlï folla f,i ie,iqï lrkak'
mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1 ((((( • 4'1 ksmqK;d uÜgu yd ne|s ls%hdldrlfï oS W.;a kuialdr.d:d
yd ine|s ixialD;sl miqìu ms<sn| f;dr;=re úuiñka flá
idlÉcdjla fufyhùu'
• kuialdr .d:djla Y%jKhg i,iajd mofhka moh .dhkhg
fhduq lrùu'
• ksjeros kdoud,dj wkq.ukh lrñka wNHdi lsÍug u. fmkaùu'
mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2 ((((( • àld iS mo lúhla Y%jKhg ie,eiaùu'
• .oH yd moH ,laIK ;yjqre jk fia wod< kdoud,djg wkqj
àldj .hñka isiqka .dhkhg fhduq lrùu'
• àld iS mo lú .dhk wNHdilr bÈßm;a lsÍu i|yd u. fmkaùu'
we.hSu yd ;lafiarelrKh i`oyd Wmfoia (
we.hSï wjia:d foll oS bgq lrkak'
• ksjerÈ kdoud,djg wkqj kuialdr .d:d bÈßm;a lrkak'
• .oH yd moH ,laIK u;= jk whqßka àld iS mo lúhla bÈßm;a
lrkak'
• talSh y~ ;,hl msysgd iduQysl j lú .dhkh lrkak'
• iajlSh y`v`;,h y÷kd.ksñka lú .dhkh lrkak'
29
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
kuialdr .d:d
01' iïud iïnqoaO {dfkak - iïud iïnqoaO foaikd
iïud iïnqoaO f,daliañx - iïud iïnqoaO f;a kfuda
02' fïrex úrdð; iux úh nqoaO rdcx
isß oka; id.r iux úh Oïu rdcx
i;a;l+Gmín; iux úh ix> rdcx
isß nqoaO Oïu .=K ix> jrx kudñ
by; kuialdr .d:dfjys fojeks mdofha isß oka;isß oka;isß oka;isß oka;isß oka; iy ;=kajeks mdofhys i;a;l+Gi;a;l+Gi;a;l+Gi;a;l+Gi;a;l+G hk jpk
ksjerÈ h' .dhk jHjydrfha § YS% oka;YS% oka;YS% oka;YS% oka;YS% oka; yd i;al+,i;al+,i;al+,i;al+,i;al+, hkqfjka Ndú; flf¾'
àld iS mo
• fyñka fyñka ''''''''''''''
;j o ''''''''''''' W!rkag" uqjkag" f.dakqkag" idjqkag fjä ;shkak
j,amdrla osf.a lsÜgq lrf.k hkakd jdf.a ''''''''''''''
fyñka fyñka uu f.alg hk l,g ''''''''''''''
tflla weú;a ''''''''''''''
;j o '''''''''''''' w;a;d" uq;a;d" k;a;d" mk;a;d" ls;a;d" lsßls;a;d" fida<shd" mdçhd ldf,a
uyd Wia
lkdgq .ylska fmd,a f.ä mKyla yegla is| fy,kakd jdf.a ''''''''''''''
tflla weú;a '''''''''''''' ÿkakhs uf.a '''''''''''''' msg ueog
t.=á lld ''''''''''''''
;j o '''''''''''''' kekaod ududf.a f.or f.dia
fydoaola n;la ud¨jla lEjd jdf.a ''''''''''''''
t.=á lld '''''''''''''' uu msg ù hk l,g ''''''''''''''
uïu ugu b, weg ke;
;j o kekaod" udud" wdÉÑ" wd;d" yQrd" kEkd iu. ikaf;daI fõ,djl §
fldla y~,d iskdfikakd jdf.a ''''''''''''''
uïu ugu b,weg ke; yskdjg ''''''''''''''
• Wka;ek wghs ''''''''''''''
Wka;ek wghs ;ßlsg fodoafodx ;d
Wka;ek wghs osßlsg fodoafodx ;d
Wka;ek wghs È;a ;ßlsg fodx ;d ''''''''''''''
;ï ;ïok ;k oïok ;k;a;kd kd ;ïok
by< fjf,a hk kEfkda-my< fjf,a hk kEfkda
by< fjf,a f.dka ndkhs - my< fjf,a f.dka ndkhs
w,a,msfhda '''''''''''''' w,a,msfhda ''''''''''''''
;ïok ;ï odk ;dfkkd ''''''''''''''
Wka;ek wghs isá;ek kjhhs mdo ''''''''''''''
30
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
ksmqK;dj 5'0 ( YS% ,dxflah k¾;k iïm%odhka yd ine`È ft;sydisl yd ixialD;sl
miqìu wOHhkh lrñka cd;sl Wreu /l.ekSu i`oyd l%shd lrhs'
ksmqK;d uÜgu 5'1 ( k¾;k l,dj yd ine¢ ft;sydisl miqìu ú.%y lrhs'
l%shdldrlu 5'1'1 ( k¾;k l,dfõ ft;sydisl f;dr;=re úuiuq
ld,Éfþo ixLHdj ( 02
bf.kqï m, 5'1'2 ( • jxi l:d yd úfoaYslhkaf.a jd¾;dj,ska k¾;k l,dj ms<sn|
ft;sydisl f;dr;=re wkdjrKh lr.; yels nj m%ldY lrhs'
• k¾;k l,djg rdcH wkq.%yh ,enQ nj ft;sydisl uQ,dY%hj,
we;s idOl u.ska bÈßm;a lrhs'
• wd.ñl yd idudcSh wjYH;d i`oyd k¾;k Ndú; l< whqre
ft;sydisl uQ,dY%hj, idOl weiqßka úia;r lrhs'
.=Kd;aul fhojqï ( ft;sydisl f;dr;=re we;=<;a .%ka:" yd wod< m%Yak
ls%hdldrlu ie,iqu i`oyd Wmfoia ( uydjxih" pQ,jxih yd úfoaYslhkaf.a jd¾;dj, k¾;k l,dj
ms<sn| we;s f;dr;=re f.dkq lr.kak'
mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1 ((((( • 8" 9 fY%aKsj, § bf.k .kakd ,o k¾;k l,dfõ ft;sydisl
miqìu ms<sn`o fmr oekqu úuiSu ^rE lï" fi,a,sms" ikafoaY
ldjH&
mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2 ((((( • k¾;k l,djg rdcH wkq.%yh ,enqKq njg f;dr;=re uydjxih
yd pQ,jxih idOl weiqßka idlÉPd lsÍu'
mshjr 3 mshjr 3 mshjr 3 mshjr 3 mshjr 3 ((((( • bnka n;+;d" iams,a n¾.a yd frdnÜ fkdlaiaf.a jd¾;d wkqj
wd.ñl yd idudÔh wjYH;d i`oyd k¾;kh fhdod.ekSu
ms<sn| f;dr;=re idlÉPd lrñka igyka ;nd.ekSug ie,eiaùu'
we.hSu yd ;lafiarelrKh i`oyd Wmfoia (
• k¾;k l,dj ms<sn| ft;sydisl f;dr;=re wkdjrKh lr .;
yels uQ,dY%h ;=kla kï lrkak'
• k¾;k l,djg rdcH wkq.%yh ,enqKq nj uydjxih yd pQ,jxih
idOl weiqßka úuikak'
31
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
ksmqK;dj 5'0 ( YS% ,dxflah k¾;k iïm%odhka yd ine`È ft;sydisl yd ixialD;sl
miqìu wOHhkh lrñka cd;sl Wreu /l.ekSu i`oyd l%shd lrhs'
ksmqK;d uÜgu 5'2 ( Y%S ,dxflah k¾;k l,dfõ m%j¾Okhg odhl jQjka w.hñka f;dr;=re
bosßm;a lrhs'
l%shdldrlu 5'2'1 ( k¾;kfha m%j¾Okhg odhl jQjka w.huq'
ld,Éfþo ixLHdj ( 02
bf.kqï m, 5'2'2 ( • k¾;k Ys,amskshka ms<sn`o Ôjk f;dr;=re /ialrhs'
• k¾;kfha m%j¾Okhg odhl ù we;s wdldrh úia;r lrhs'
• Tjqkaf.a fiajh we.hSu iïnkaO j woyia olajhs'
• mrmqfrka mrmqrg Tjqkg oelaúh hq;= lD;fõÈ;ajh ms<sn`o j
fhdackd bÈßm;a lrhs'
.=Kd;aul fhojqï ( ks¾ÈIag k¾;k l,d Ys,amskshka ms<sn`o f;dr;=re we;=<;a .%ka: yd
PdhdrEm
ls%hdldrlu ie,iqu i`oyd Wmfoia ( fuu ls%hdldrlu ie,iqï lsÍug fmr wod< Ys,amskshka ms<sn|
f;dr;=re f.dkq lsÍug fhduq lrjkak'
mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1 ((((( • m%ùK k¾;k Ys,amskshka lsysm fokl=f.a cdhdrEm fmkajd Tjqka
y`ÿkd.ekSug ie,eiaùu'
wdpd¾h jðrd Ñ;%fiak ñh
k¾;k Ys,amskS ñ/kavd fyau,;d ñh
• wod< Ys,amskshka fofokdf.a Ys,amSh l=i,;d yd k¾;k l,dfõ
m%j¾Okhg bgq l< fiajh ms<sn`o flá idlÉPdjla fufyhùu'
mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2 ((((( • /f.k wd .%ka:j, we;s úIh lreKq lshjd ;yjqre lr.ekSug
wjia:dj ie,eiaùu'
• isiqka imhdf.k meñKs f;dr;=re iu. ii|d n,d igykla
ms<sfh< lsÍug ie,eiaùu'
mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3 ((((( • ms<sfh< lrk ,o f;dr;=re bÈßm;a lsÍug wjia:dj ,nd §
idlÉcd lr wjYH f;dr;=re igyka lr.ekSug ie,eiaùu'
we.hSu yd ;lafiarelrKh i`oyd Wmfoia (
• k¾;k wOHdmkfha m%j¾Okh i|yd k¾;k Ys,amskS ñ/kavd
fyau,;d uy;añhf.a odhl;ajh w.hkak'
• wdpd¾h jðrd Ñ;%fiak uy;añh uqød kdgH lafIa;%hg l<
odhl;ajh ms<sn| úia;r lrkak'
32
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
ksmqK;dj 5'0 ( YS% ,dxflah k¾;k iïm%odhka yd ine`È ft;sydisl yd ixialD;sl
miqìu wOHhkh lrñka cd;sl Wreuh /l.ekSu i`oyd l%shd lrhs'
ksmqK;d uÜgu 5'3 ( YS% ,dxflah .eñkdgl yd ine`È miqìu wOHhkh lr iqúfYaI ,laIK
bÈßm;a lrhs'
l%shdldrlu 5'3'1 ( fidlß .eñ kdglh ms<sn`o ;;= úuid n,uq'
ld,ÉfÊo ixLHdj ( 02
bf.kqï m, 5'3'2 ( • fidlß foaYSh .eñ kdglhla nj m%ldY lrhs'
• fidlß kdglh m%p,s; m%foaY yd meje;aùfï wruqKq úia;r
lrhs'
• fidlß l:d m%jD;a;sh mjihs'
• fidlß .eñ kdglfhys .dhk jdok yd rx. jia;%dNrK ms<sn`o
woyia olajhs'
• fidlß .eñ kdgHfhys pß; ksrEmK ms<sn`o úpdrd;aul j
woyia bÈßm;a lrhs'
• .eñkdgl wNdjhg hd fkd§ wdrlaId lr.ekSug fhdackd
bÈßm;a lrhs'
.=Kd;aul fhojqï ( fidlß .eñ kdglh ms<sn`o f;dr;=re we;=<;a .%ka:" f;dr;=re m;s%ld
yd mska;+r" ùäfhda mg
ls%hdldrlu ie,iqu i`oyd Wmfoia (
mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1 ((((( • fidlß kdglfhys .dhkhla iu. rx.khla fyda kdglfhys
fldgia lsysmhla keröug" .dhkh fldgila Y%jKh lsÍug
i,iajd YsIH idOk uÜgu ksÍlaIKh lsÍu'
mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2 ((((( • fidlß kdglh ms<sn`o f;dr;=re i`oyka .%ka: yd Wmqgd .kakd
,o f;dr;=re i`oyka m;%sld lKavdhïj,g fnod §u'
• fidlß m%p,s; m%foaY yd fidlß kdgl lKavdhï'
• meje;aùfï wruqKq" mj;ajk ia:dk
• fidlß l:d m%jD;a;sh
• fidlß kdgHfhys pß; yd .dhkd
• rx. NdKav" rx. jia;%dNrK yd fjia.ekaùï hk ud;Dld
lKavdhï w;r fnod §" f;dr;=re f.dkq lsÍug fhduq
lrùu'
mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3 ((((( • lKavdhï l%shdldrlïj,ska f.dkq lrk ,o f;dr;=re bÈßm;a
lrùu'
• bÈßm;a lrk ,o f;dr;=re w.hñka wod< úIh lreKq ;jÿrg;a
ie,iqï lr igyka lr.ekSug ie,eiaùu'
33
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
we.hSï yd ;lafiarelrKh i`oyd Wmfoia (
• foaYSh .eñ kdgl kï lrkak'
• fidlß kdglh m%p,s; m%foaY yd meje;aùfï wruqKq olajkak'
• fidlß l:d mqj; fláfhka úia;r lrkak'
• fidlß lúhla .hkak'
• .eñ kdgl wNdjhg hd fkd§ ixrlaIKh lr .; yels fhdackd
bÈßm;a lrkak'
f;dr;=re m;s%ldj
foaYSh .eñ kdgl - fidlß" flda,ï" kdv.ï" rElv'
fidlß m%p,s; m%foaY - ud;f,a" l¿kaoEj" y`.=rkafl;" fyajdyeg" nÿ,a," fldkl,.," oUq,a,"
jkaks m%foaY
meje;aùfï wruqKq - iY%Sl;ajh
mQcd¾:h
fi!Nd.Hh
.ug" rgg fi;a Ydka;shla Wod lr.ekSu
jix.; frda. yd iajdNdúl úm;a wdÈfhka ñ§u
úfkdaodiajdoh'
fidlß l:d mqj; - ldis foaYfha isg meñKs .=reydñ" fidlß mrhd fuka u ;Urdúg
fjord," ld,s wïud" fid;a;dkd hk pß; uq,a lrf.k f.dvke.S
we;s l:d mqj;'
m%dfoaYSh fjkialï - uykqjr m%foaYfha ̂ ud;f,a" kqjr" yÕ=rkafl;''''& fidlß kdglh rÕ
±laùfï § .egfnrh o" jkaks m%foaYj, ^wkqrdOmqr" mq;a;,u'''''''&
fidlß kdglh rÕ ±laùfï § jdµ NdKav f,i Wvelalsh o" W!j
m%foaYfha ̂ nÿ,a," l¿kaoEj''''& fidlß kdglh rÕ ±laùfï § ojq, o
jdµ NdKavh f,i Ndú; lsÍu m%dfoaYSh wkkH;djls'
l:d m%jD;a;sfhys o m%dfoaYSh jYfhka iq¿ fjkialï ;snqK o uqLH
mrud¾:h fmdÿ h'
.dhkh - m%Odk .dhlhl= yd w;a je,a .dhlfhla iyNd.s fõ'
pß; y÷kajd §fï lú"
fidlßhfidlßhfidlßhfidlßhfidlßh
w÷ka.dkakS fk;afol Tuß lrka kS
u,a .jikakS fldKavh f.d;d fy,ka kS
f;davq oukakS mj,ï ud, n|ska kS
fia, w|skakS fmdglska Tuß lrka kS
mrhdmrhdmrhdmrhdmrhd
b;sx lshkafka ;=kajeks jrg kgka fka
mrhd tkafka jgmsg ks;r n,ka fka
lgfodv jkafka .sh .sh ;ek fmrf,ka fka
fldla y`v,kafka fidlßh foihs n,ka fka
34
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
jdokh - ir, fnrmo weiqßka f.dvke.S we;' ueÿï
^ud;%d 3& ;ks ;s;g wh;a fnr mo Ndú; fõ'
rx. jia;%dNrK - tla tla pß; wkqj kshu jQ rx. jia;% Ndú; fjhs'
mrhd" fjord, jeks pß; i|yd fjia uqyqKq Ndú; lrhs'
w;S;fha fidlß pß;h i`oyd o fjiauqyqKq Ndú; lr we;'
ieris,s - u,a hyk we;=¿ wfkl=;a ieris,s'
rx. N+ñh - lu;
35
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
ksmqK;dj 5'0 ( YS% ,dxflah k¾;k iïm%odhka yd ine`È ft;sydisl yd ixialD;sl
miqìu wOHhkh lrñka cd;sl Wreu /l.ekSu i`oyd l%shd lrhs'
ksmqK;d uÜgu 5'4 ( YS% ,dxflah k¾;k iïm%odhka yd ine¢ Ydka;sl¾uj, iqúfYaI
,laIK ;=,kd;aul j olajhs'
l%shdldrlu 5'4'1 ( fldfydUd hla lxldßh" fofjd,a uvqj yd myka uvqj Ydka;sl¾u
ms<sn| f;dr;=re ;=,kd;aul j bÈßm;a lruq'
ld,ÉfÊo ixLHdj ( 04
bf.kqï m, 5'4'2 ( • fldfydUd hla lxldßh" fofjd,a uvqj" myka uvqj Ydka;sl¾u
yd ine¢ l;d mqj;aj, wka;¾.; iudc wdl,am úia;r lrhs'
• tu Ydka;sl¾u meje;aùfï wruqKq olajhs'
• tu Ydka;sl¾uj, wka;¾.; .dhk" jdok" k¾;k" rx.
jia;%dNrK" ieris,s yd rx. NdKavj, iqúfYaI ,laIK
;=,kd;aul j bosßm;a lrhs'
.=Kd;aul fhojqï ( rEm igyka" oDYHmg" jdoH NdKav" ld¾hh m;s%ldj
ls%hdldrlu ie,iqu i`oyd Wmfoia (
mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1 ((((( • ks¾foaY lr we;s Ydka;sl¾u ;=k ms<sn| j my; i|yka ud;Dld
Tiafia flá idlÉcdjla fufyh ùu'
• mqrdjD;a; l:d
• meje;aùug fya;=
• mqo ,nk foújre yd hl=ka
• k¾;k" .dhk" jdok yd pdß;%
• rx. NdKav
• rx. jia;%dNrK
• m%Odk ieris,s
mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2 ((((( • ld¾h m;s%ldj m%o¾Ykh lr isiqka ls%hdldrlfuys fhduq lrùu'
• iïmQ¾K lrk ,o ld¾h m;s%ldj weiqßka Ydka;sl¾u ms<sn|
f;dr;=re ;=,kd;aul j f.dkq lsÍug wjYH u. fmkaùu yd
Wmfoia ,nd §u'
• lKavdhï jYfhka f;dr;=re bÈßm;a lsÍug wjia:dj ,nd §
oDYHmg" rEmigyka Ndú; lr wod< lreKq ;=,kd;aul j ú.%y
lsÍu'
we.hSï yd ;lafiarelrKh i`oyd Wmfoia (
• fldfydUd hla lxldßh" fofjd,a uvqj" myka uvqj meje;aùfï
wruqKq úia;r lrkak'
• k¾;k" .dhk" jdok" rx. NdKav yd rx. jia;%dNrK ms<sn|
;=,kd;aul j woyia olajkak'
• fuu l;d mqj;a ;=<ska iudchg ,nd fok hym;a wdl,am
úia;r lrkak'
36
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
ld¾h m;s%ldj
fldfydUd hla lxldßh fofjd,a uvqj myka uvqj fldfydUd hla lxldßh fofjd,a uvqj myka uvqj fldfydUd hla lxldßh fofjd,a uvqj myka uvqj fldfydUd hla lxldßh fofjd,a uvqj myka uvqj fldfydUd hla lxldßh fofjd,a uvqj myka uvqj
mqrdjD;a; l:dj
^fláfhka&
meje;aùfï wruqKq
mqo ,nk foújre
yd hl=ka
k¾;k wx.
.dhk wx.
jdok wx.
rx. NdKav
rx. jia;%dNrK
m%Odk ieris,s
37
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
ksmqK;dj 6'0 ( ri{;d j¾Okh i|yd úúO l,dx.j, iqúfYaI ,laIK
úpdrhg ,la lrhs'
ksmqK;d uÜgu 6'1 ( YS% ,dxflah uqød kdgH l,dfõ miqìu ms<sn| f;dr;=re bÈßm;a lrhs'
l%shdldrlu 6'1'1 ( YS% ,dxflah uqød kdgH ^b.sk¿& l,dfõ m%Njhg n,mE lreKq úuid
n,uq'
ld,Éfþo ixLHdj ( 04
bf.kqï m, 6'1'2 ( • YS% ,dxflah uqød kdgH ^b.sk¿& hkak y÷kajhs'
• YS% ,dxflah uqød kdgH ^b.sk¿j,& iqúfYaI ,laIK úuihs'
• YS% ,dxflah uqød kdgH ^b.sk¿& l,dfõ wdrïNh yd úldYkh
ms<sn| lreKq bÈßm;a lrhs'
• YS% ,dxflah uqød kdgHh ^b.sk¿& m%dix.sl j bÈßm;a lsÍug
Ndú; lr we;s úê l%u ms<sn| f;dr;=re bÈßm;a lrhs'
.=Kd;aul fhojqï ( YS% ,dxflah uqød kdgH ^b.sk¿& ms<sn| f;dr;=re wka;¾.; .%ka:"
oDYHmg yd PdhdrEm
ls%hdldrlu ie,iqu i`oyd Wmfoia ( 1930 oYlfha isg 1960 olajd ld,h ;=< YS% ,dxflah uqød
kdgH ^b.sk¿& l,dfjys f;dr;=re ie,ls,a,g .kak'
mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1 ((((( • oDYHmg" cdhdrEm yd ,sÅ; igyka Ndú; lrñka uqød kdgH
^b.sk¿& l,dfõ wdrïNh yd úldYkh ms<sn| f;dr;=re
idlÉcd lsÍu'
mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2 ((((( • wod< .%ka: weiqre lr.ksñka lreKq igyka lr.ekSug fhduq
lrùu'
we.hSï yd ;lafiarelrKh i`oyd Wmfoia (
• 1930 oYlfha isg 1960 olajd YS% ,dxflah uqød kdgHh ^b.sk¿&
l,dfõ wdrïNh yd miqìu úia;r lrkak'
38
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
ksmqK;dj 6'0 ( ri{;d j¾Okh i|yd úúO l,dx.j, iqúfYaI ,laIK úpdrhg
,la lrhs'
ksmqK;d uÜgu 6'2 ( iïNdjH uqød kdgHhla krUd úpdrhg ,la lrhs'
l%shdldrlu 6'2'1 ( l,d lD;shl ri ñysr mjiuq' ^lrÈh$l+ô l;dj&
ld,Éfþo ixLHdj ( 04
bf.kqï m, 6'2'2 ( • uqød kdgHhg mdol jQ l;d mqj; úia;r lrhs'
• l;d mqj;ska úoHudk Ôjk oelau úia;r lrhs'
• pß; úldYh i`oyd k¾;k fhdodf.k we;s wdldrh ms<sn`o
woyia olajhs'
• l,d;aul ,laIK ;Sj% lsÍu i`oyd ix.S;h" rx. jia;%dNrK"
fõÈld ieris,s" wdf,dallrKh wdÈh fhdodf.k we;s wdldrh
úpdrd;aul j we.hSug ,la lrhs'
.=Kd;aul fhojqï ( oDYH mg" mska;+r
ls%hdldrlu ie,iqu i`oyd Wmfoia (
mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1 ( • lrÈh$l+ô l;dj uqød kdgHfhys fldgia lsysmhla keröug
ie,eiaùu' krUk ,o fldgia weiqßka" uqød kdgHfhys
ks¾udKlre" l:d m%jD;a;sh yd ta ;=<ska ksrEms; w¾:h" iqúfYaI
pß; yd pß; úldYkh i`oyd k¾;kh fhdod.ekSu " ix.S;h"
rx. jia;%dNrK" fõÈld ieris,s" wdf,dallrKh" fhdod.ekSu
ms<sn`o idlÉPd lsÍu'
mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2 ( • f;dard .;a uqød kdgH fldgia lsysmhla kej; keröug i,iajd
ta ms<sn| wOHhkh fldg f;dr;=re idlÉcd lr wjYH lreKq
igyka lr.ekSug fhduq lsÍu'
we.hSï yd ;lafiarelrKh i`oyd Wmfoia (
• lrÈh$l+ôl;dj uqød kdgHhg miqìï jQ l;d mqj; fláfhka
,shkak'
• f;audj úldYkh i`oyd k¾;k fhdodf.k we;s wdldrh úia;r
lrkak'
• lrÈh$l+ô l;dj uqød kdgHfhys oelsh yels iqúfYaI ,laIK
ms<sn`o fláfhka y÷kajkak'
39
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
ksmqK;dj 6'0 ( ri{;d j¾Okh i|yd úúO l,dx.j, iqúfYaI ,laIK úpdrhg
,la lrhs'
ksmqK;d uÜgu 6'3 ( fjk;a ixialD;shlg wh;a k¾;k iïm%odh wOHhkh lrñka
f;dr;=re bÈßm;a lrhs'
l%shdldrlu 6'3'1 ( l:l,s k¾;kfhys ;;= úuiuq'
ld,Éfþo ixLHdj ( 04
bf.kqï m, 6'3'2 (
• l:l,s hkak w¾: olajhs'
• l:l,s m%p,s; m%foaY yd ta yd ne¢ iqúfYaI wdh;k kï lrhs'
• l:l,s ix.S; iïm%odh yd jdoH NdKav kï lrhs'
• fuu k¾;k iïm%odh wdyd¾h wNskfhka fmdfydi;a nj m%ldY
lrhs'
.=Kd;aul fhojqï ( oDYHmg" PdhdrEm" f;dr;=re m;%sldj" we.hSï m%Yakdj,sh" ld¾h
m;s%ld wxl 01
ls%hdldrlu ie,iqu i`oyd Wmfoia (
mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1 ((((( • 8" 9 fYa%Ksj, W.;a bka§h k¾;k iïm%odhka" m%p,s; m%foaY
ms<sn| fmr oekqu úuiSu'
• l:l,s k¾;k wx. iys; ùäfhda mghla keröug ie,eiaùu
fyda l:l,S k¾;k wjia:d iys; PdhdrEm u.ska fuu k¾;k
iïm%odh y÷kd.ekSug i,iajd (
• l:l,s jpkd¾:h
• ix.S; iïm%odh yd jdoH NdKav
• fõY ksrEmKh
• wOHdmk wdh;k
• wdyd¾H wNskfhka fmdfydi;a nj ms<sn| idlÉPd lsÍu'
mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2 ((((( • f;dr;=re m;%sldj ,nd § ta ms<sn`o wOHkh lsÍug fhduq lrùu
yd idlÉPd lsÍu
mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3 • we.hSï m%Yakdj,sh ,nd § Bg ms<s;=re iemhSug wjia:dj ,nd
§u
we.hSï yd ;lafiarelrKh i`oyd Wmfoia (
idlÉPd lrk ,o lreKq yd fok ,o f;dr;=re m;s%ldj weiqßka Bg
wod< we.hSï m%Yakdj,shg ,nd § we;s ms<s;=re we.hSug ,la lrkak'
40
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
we.hSï m%Yakdj,sh
iqÿiq jpk fhdod ysia ;eka mqrjkak'
• l:l,s k¾;k iïm%odh olaIsK Ndr;fha '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' m%dka;fha m%Njh jqjls'
• l:l,s i|yd wOHdmk wdh;khla ìys jqfha '''''''''''''''''''''''''''' j¾Ifha § h' th '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
l,d uKav,ï kï úh'
• olaIsK Ndr;Sh '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ix.S; iïm%odh u; f.dvke.=Kq l:l,sys m%Odk jdoH
NdKavh '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' hs'
• fuys m%Odk .dhlhd ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' kï jk w;r wkq .dhlhd ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
kï fjhs'
f;dr;=re m;%sldj
l:l,s hkq l:d m%jD;a;shla wNskfhka yd kD;H ,S,djkaf.ka bÈßm;a lrkq ,nk oDYH
ldjHhls' l:l,s k¾;kfhys kscìu olaIsK Ndr;fhys flar< m%dka;h hs' foaj úYajdi mokï
jq fuu k¾;k iïm%odh wd.ñl mqo mqcd" .eñ kegqï yd .eñ kdgl wdY%fhka ìys jQjls'
uydlú j,a,f;da,a kdrdhka fukka úiska l:l,s k¾;k iïm%odh ks¾udKh lrk ,oafoa
flar<fha foaj ukaÈrhkays Wreulaldrhka jq plalsh¾jreka .%du foaj mqcdj, § bÈßm;a lrk ,o
plalsh¾ l+;a;= yd l+ä wdÜgï jeks .eñ kegqï yd 16 jeks ishjfia flar<fha úiq fldÜgdrlalrfha
;dïmqrï m%dfoaYSh rcq ks¾udKh l< —rdukdÜgï˜ yd le,slÜys iefudßka rcq ks¾udKh l<
ls%IaKdÜgï jeks wd.ñl .eñ kdglhkays wdNdih ,nñks' 1930 § l:l,s k¾;kh m%p,s; lsÍu
i|yd —flar< l,d uKav,ï˜ hkqfjka l:l,s W.kajk wdh;khla o msysgq jk ,§'
olaIsK Ndr;Sh l¾Kdgl ix.S;h wdNdifhka fuys ix.S;h ilia ù we;' fpkavdj iy
uoao,h m%Odk jdoH NdKav fõ' mxpjdoHï ̂ tvelal" b,;d,ï" fpx.s,ï yd l=ïnq kï iqisr& jdoH
NdKav jdokh i|yd fhdod .efka' .dhk fkdue;s j l:l,s r`. oelaúh fkdyels h' fuys
.dhlfhda fofofkls' m%Odk .dhlhd —fmdkakdks˜ jk w;r wkq .dhlhd —Ysxlsäh˜ ^isxlsä&
l:l,s wdyd¾h wNskfhka fmdfydi;a k¾;k iïm%odhls' pß;j,g wkqj b;d úÑ;%j;a
whqßka ieliqKq rx. jia;%dNrK Ndú; jk w;r Bg u .e<fmk ixlS¾K fõI ksrEmK Ndú; fjhs'
tajd ñkslal= mÉpd" l;a;S" ;dã" ldÍ" fvmamq jYfhka fjka fjka j we;' ysia m<|kd jYfhka lS%gï
^TgqKq& j¾. ;=kla o Ndú; flf¾'
l:l,s k¾;k Ys,amSyq ixjdofhys fyda .dhkfhys fkdfhfo;s' N.joa.S;dj" rdudhKh
jeks ldjH .%ka:j, tk l:d m%jD;a;s miqìï .dhkfhka bÈßm;a lrk w;r k¾;k Ys,amSyq yia;
uqød yd wNskh fhdodf.k .dhkfhys woyi kegqfuka ksrEmKh lr;s' l:l,s k¿jl=g iqLkuH
isrerla yd wjhj uekúka yiqrejd .ekSfï Yla;shla o" ri ksIam;a;shg WÑ; jq uqyqKska ye`.Sï
m%ldY lsÍfï yelshdj yd wNskh mEfï ksmqK;ajhla o ;sìh hq;= h'
41
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
ksmqK;dj 7'0 ( w;aoelSï weiqre lr.ksñka úúO l,dx. ks¾udKh lrhs'
ksmqK;d uÜgu 7'1 ( kdgH .S;hlg k¾;k ks¾udKh lrhs'
l%shdldrlu 7'1'1 ( fõÈld kdgH .Shg k¾;k ks¾udKh lruq'
ld,Éfþo ixLHdj ( 04
bf.kqï m, 7'1'2 ( • f;dard.;a .S;h ms<sn`o idlÉPd lrhs'
• ksjerÈ kdo rgdj wkqj .S;h .dhkh lrhs'
• .S;hg WÑ; p,k fhdod .ksñka k¾;k ks¾udKh lrhs'
• ks¾udKh id¾:l lr.ekSug lKavdhfï iEu idudðlfhla
u Wmß u odhl;ajh ,nd fohs'
• iduQysl;ajh w.hñka" wka whf.a woyiaj,g .re lrhs'
• m%dix.sl k¾;k wx.hla ks¾udKh lrhs'
.=Kd;aul fhojqï ( Y%jH mg" fnr" ;d,ïmg weuqKqu
ls%hdldrlu ie,iqu i`oyd Wmfoia (
mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1 ((((( • wod< kdgH .S; fol Y%jKh lsÍug ie,eiaùu yd ta ms<sn`o
idlÉPd lsÍu'
mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2 ((((( • k¾;k ks¾udKh lsÍug leu;s .S;hla f;dard .ekSu'
• f;dard .;a .S;h Y%jKh lsÍu yd .dhkh'
• .S;hg WÑ; f,i k¾;k ks¾udKh lsÍug u. fmkaùu'
mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3 ((((( • tla tla lKavdhï lrk ,o ks¾udKh bÈßm;a lsÍug iQodkï
lrùu'
• bÈßm;a lrk ,o k¾;k ks¾udK ms<sn`o woyia oelaùug
wjia:dj ie,iSu yd tajd w.h lrñka idlÉPd lsÍu'
we.hSu yd ;lafiarelrKh i`oyd Wmfoia (
• f;dard.;a .S;h ms<sn`o f;dr;=re bÈßm;a lrkak'
• .S;hg wkqj lrk ,o k¾;k ks¾udK bÈßm;a lrkak'
42
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
weuqKqu
yksl jfrõ fld,a,fka fukak fufy jfrõ '''''''''' $$ fukak fufy jfrõ fld,a,fka kg kgd jfrõ '''''''''' $$ f;dmsg yßu jdishla kgkgd jfrõ '''''''''' $$
jefâ wudre;a ke;s ;E.s ál;a wms wf;a '''''''''' $$r;a;rkska f.jkafka ysre foúfhdhs lshkafka '''''''''' $$fukak fufy jfrõ fld,a,fka kgkgd jfrõ '''''''''' $$
f;dmsg yßu jdishla kg kgd jfrõ '''''''''' $$
yksl jfrõ fld,a,fka fukak fufy jfrõ '''''''''' $$
idÿ idÿ lsh,a,d - m%S;s f>daId lr,a,d '''''''''' $$ysre foúÿf. f.dm,af,da lkao Wäka jfr,a,d '''''''''' $$ysre foúÿf. yrla .;a;= yrla fydrd fydh,a,d '''''''''' $$f,dafl jfÜ f.dys,a,d yrla fydrd fydh,a,d '''''''''' $$ysre foúÿf. yrla .;a;= yrla fydrd fydh,a,d '''''''''' $$
jkka;f¾ fydhdmsfhda - .,a wrfò fydhdmsfhdajk l;f¾ fydhdmsfha - ñksia jdfia fydhdmsfhdal`ÿ uqÿfka" .x bjqf¾" jkka;f¾ fydhdmsfhdaysre foúÿf. f.dm,af,da wms" wmsg foúfhd n,dmsfhda '''''''''' $$rx wNrK me,`o.;a;= uyfmdf<dfõ rka jmqrkysre foúfhda n,dmsfhda '''''''''' $$yrla fydrd fidhd.kak ish¨ foúfhda msysg úfhda ''''''''''
´ '' ́ '' ́ '' ''''''''''''''''
• .%Sl kdglhla weiqßka nkaÿ, chj¾Ok Y+Íka ks¾udKh l< fnr y~wkqj¾;k kdgHfha celaika weka;kS m%uqL lKavdhu fuu .S;h.dhkh lrñka r`.;s'
fuu .sïydk .S%iau jQ ldf,awfma WoHdfka lS%vd iemd foahi ruHd jQ iekaoEjlS fïwfma WoHdfka lS%vd iemd foa
iQ¾hhd hhs neiS - pkaøhd ths ke.Sì`.= rdYS uÿ f,daf,ka yeisfrkakd $$fldals,d § mlaIs .S; /õfoa kef.awfma WoHdfka lS%vd iemd foa
• rpl ( kS;s{ pd¾,aia vhia ^úÿr kdgH kQ¾;sh&
43
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
ksmqK;dj 7'0 ( w;aoelSï weiqre lr.ksñka úúO l,dx. ks¾udKh lrhs'
ksmqK;d uÜgu 7'2 ( pß; iajNdjh m%o¾Ykh jk mßÈ wx. rpkh lrhs'
l%shdldrlu 7'2'1 ( fõÈld k¾;khlg WÑ; wx. rpkhla f.dv k`.uq'
ld,Éfþo ixLHdj ( 03
bf.kqï m, 7'2'2 ( • ir, wx. rpkh hkq l=ulaoehs úia;r lrhs'
• wx. rpkfha wjYH;dj ms<sn`o woyia olajhs'
• wx. rpkd wdf,amk f;darhs'
• wx. rpkd Ys,aml%u y`ÿkd.ksñka fõosld k¾;khla
i`oyd wx. rpkh lrhs'
.=Kd;aul fhojqï ( wx. rpkd lÜg," PdhdrEm" ùäfhdamg
ls%hdldrlu ie,iqï i`oyd Wmfoia (
mshjr 1 mshjr 1 mshjr 1 mshjr 1 mshjr 1 ( • wx. rpkd m%o¾Ykh jk PdhdrEm" ùäfhdamg m%o¾Ykh lsÍu'
• ir, wx. rpk ms<sn`o isiq woyia úuiSu'
• wx. rpkd wdf,amk øjH y`ÿkd.ekSug ie,eiaùu'
• wx. rpkd lsÍug iqÿiq mßirhla yd wjYH øjH imhd .ekSu'
^ksjerÈ wdf,dal ;;a;ajh" msßisÿ jd;dY%h yd isis,a nj" o¾mKhla"
c,h" wdf,amk øjH yd WmlrK&
mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2 ((((( • mka;sfha isák isiqka ixLHdj wkqj l=vd lKavdhïj,g fn§u'
• ir, wx. rpkdjg WodyrK iemhSu'
• wx. rpkd øjH Ndú; lrñka fõosld k¾;khla i|yd iqÿiq
ir, wx. rpkd f.dvke.Sug fhduq lrùu'
mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3 ((((( • isiq wx. rpk ks¾udK m%o¾Ykh lsÍug wjia:dj ,nd§u'
• fiiq ks¾udK ksÍlaIKhg ,la lsÍug wjia:dj ,nd§u'
• ks¾udK ms<sn`o woyia yd fhdackd úuiñka isiq l%shdldrlï
w.hñka wx. rpkh ixj¾Okh lsÍu'
we.hSu yd ;lafiarelrKh i`oyd Wmfoia (
wjYH W;aij wjia:dj, § o isiqkag wx. rpkh lsÍug wjia:dj ,nd
§ w.hkak'
• ir, wx. rpkdjla isÿ lrk ksjerÈ mshjr i`oyka lrkak'
• ir, wx. rpkdjl wjYH;dj ms<sn`o jdlH ;=kla ,shkak'
• wx. rpkh lsÍfuka k`Mjdg we;s m%fhdack folla ,shkak'
44
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
ksmqK;dj 7'0 ( w;aoelSï weiqre lr.ksñka úúO l,dx. ks¾udKh lrhs'
ksmqK;d uÜgu 7'2 ( pß; iajNdjh m%o¾Ykh jk mßÈ wx. rpkh lrhs'
l%shdldrlu 7'2'2 ( i;a;aj pß; i|yd ir, wx. rpkhla lruq'
ld,Éfþo ixLHdj ( 02
bf.kqï m, 7'2'3 ( • i;a;aj wx. rpkhla hkq" l=ulaoehs úia;r lrhs'
• ks¾udK ld¾hfha § wkq.ukh l< hq;= l%shd ms<sfj;a úia;r
lrhs'
• ;%sudk ,laIK u;= lsÍug j¾K .e,mSu l< hq;= nj ms<s.kshs'
• úúO l%ufõohka u.ska" i;a;aj wx. rpkd ks¾udKh l< yels
nj m%ldY lrhs'
• fiiq whf.a ks¾udK w.h lrhs'
.=Kd;aul fhojqï ( wx. rpk WmlrK yd øjH" PdhdrEm" ùäfhdamg
ls%hdldrlu ie,iqu i`oyd Wmfoia (
mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1 ((((( • wx. rpkd m%o¾Ykh jk PdhdrEm iy ùäfhda mg m%o¾Ykh
lsÍu'
• i;a;aj pß;j,g wx. rpkh lsÍu ms<sn`o isiq woyia úuiSu'
• i;a;aj pß;j,g wx. rpkh lsÍfï § ie,ls,su;a úh hq;=
lreKq ms<sn| idlÉcd lsÍu'
• i;a;aj pß; wx. rpkh l%u Ys,am yd ta i`oyd wjYH wdf,amk
øjH y`ÿkajd §u'
mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2 ((((( • i;a;aj pß; i|yd wx. rpkhg WodyrK imhñka
lKavdhïj,g iqÿiq ud;Dld ,nd §u'
• o< igyka we`§ug u. fmkaùu' o< igykg wkqrEmS f,i
pß; iy yev;, Ndú;fhka wx. rpk ks¾udKh lsÍug
fhduq lrùu'
mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3 ((((( • lKavdhï jYfhka isiq ks¾udK bÈßm;a lsÍug wjia:dj ,nd§u
• wfkl=;a ks¾udK ksÍlaIKhg ,la lsÍug wjia:dj ,nd§u'
• ñksia yd i;a;aj pß; wx. rpkj, fjkialï ms<sn`o
úuiSu'
• isiq l%shdldrlï w.hñka idlÉPd lr ;s%udk ,laIK u;= lsÍug
j¾K Ndú; lrk wdldrh úia;r lsÍu'
we.hSu yd ;lafiarelrKh i`oyd Wmfoia (
i;a;aj wx. rpkdjla ks¾udKh lsÍu i`oyd wOHhkh l< hq;= uQ,sl
lreKq i`oyka lrkak'
• i;a;aj pß; wx. rpkd i`oyd Ndú; lrk wdf,amk øjH 02lakï lrkak
• ;%sudk nj u;= lsÍu i`oyd j¾K Ndú; l< hq;= iajNdjhms<sn`o jdlH 02 la ,shkak'
45
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
ksmqK;dj 7'0 ( w;aoelSï weiqre lr.ksñka úúO l,dx. ks¾udKh lrhs'
ksmqK;d uÜgu 7'3 ( foaYsh k¾;k iïm%odh yd ine`È rx. jia;%dNrK wdlD;shla ks¾udKh
lrhs'
l%shdldrlu 7'3'1 ( idïm%odhsl rx. jia;%dNrK lÜg,hl wdlD;shla youq'
ld,Éfþo ixLHdj ( 03
bf.kqï m, 7'3'2 ( • foaYSh k¾;k iïm%odhj, rx. jia;%dNrK ms<sn`o j y`ÿkajhs'
• ta ta we`ÿï lÜg, i`oyd Ndú; wuqøjH yd j¾K ms<sn`o woyia
bÈßm;a lrhs'
• ukd ksudjlska hq;= rx. jia;%dNrK wdlD;shla ks¾udKh lrhs'
• ks¾udKh lrk ,o rx. jia;%dNrK wdlD;s ms<sn`o úpdrh
lrñka woyia bÈßm;a lrhs'
.=Kd;aul fhjqï 7'3'2 ( idïm%odhsl we`ÿï lÜg,hla$ idïm%odhsl we`ÿï lÜg,j,
PdhdrEm
ls%hdldrlu ie,iqu i`oyd Wmfoia ( fuu mdvu i|yd fmr iQodku w;HjYH fõ'
mshjr 1 mshjr 1 mshjr 1 mshjr 1 mshjr 1 • isiqka /ia lr.;a idïm%odhsl we`ÿï lÜg, we;=<;a PdhdrEm
iïm%odhka ;=kg wh;a jk fia j¾. lsÍug fhduq lrùu'
• iïm%odhka wkqj fjka lr.;a PdhdrEm weiqßka we`ÿï lÜg,
y`ÿkd.ekSug u. fmkaùu'
• idïm%odhsl we`ÿï lÜg,j, Ndú; j¾K" yev;," wuqøjH
ms<sn| úia;r lr mka;s ldurh ;=< rx. jia;%dNrK lÜg,hla
ilia lsÍfï § wuqøjH f;dard .; hq;= wdldrh ms<sn`o idlÉPd
lsÍu'
mshjr 2 mshjr 2 mshjr 2 mshjr 2 mshjr 2 • ks¾udKh lsÍug n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk rx. jia;%dNrK lÜg,
i`oyd o< igykla ks¾udKh lsÍu
• o< igyk ilia lsÍfï § kshñ; ññ m%udKh yd idïm%odhsl
,laIK wdrlaId lr.ekSug wjYH Wmfoia ,nd§u'
• rx. jia;%dNrK lÜg, wdlD;s ks¾udKhg fhduq lsÍu'
mshjr 3 mshjr 3 mshjr 3 mshjr 3 mshjr 3 • ks¾udKh lrk ,o rx. jia;%dNrK wdlD;s m%o¾Ykh lsÍu'
• ks¾udK ms<sn`o wkH woyia bÈßm;a lsÍug wjia:dj ,nd §
ks¾udKhka w.hñka tajd ixj¾Okh lr.; yels wdldrh mss<sn`o
idlÉPd lsÍu'
we.hSu yd ;lafiarelrKh i`oyd Wmfoia (• rx. jia;% wdlD;sfha o< ie,eiaula w`Èkak'• m%o¾Ykhla i|yd rx. jia;%dNrK wdlD;shla ks¾udKh lrkak'• fiiq ks¾udK w.hñka woyia bÈßm;a lrkak'
46
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
ksmqK;dj 8'0 ( k¾;k l,dfjka ,efnk udkisl yd YdÍßl iajia:;dj id¾:l Èú
fmfj;la .; lsÍug bjy,a lr .kshs'
ksmqK;d uÜgu 8'1 ( udkisl iajia:;dj mj;ajd .ekSfï jeo.;alu úia;r lrhs'
l%shdldrlu 8'1'1 ( zk¾;kfhka uki iqjm;a lr .ksuqZ
ld,Éfþo ixLHdj ( 02
bf.kqï m< 8'1'2 ( • udkisl iajia:;dj mj;ajd .ekSfï úêl%u bÈßm;a lrhs'
• udkisl iajia:;dj mj;ajd .ekSfï jeo.;alu ms<sn`o woyia olajhs'
.=Kd;aul fhojqï ( weuqKqu 1
ls%hdldrlu ie,iqu i`oyd Wmfoia (
mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1 ((((( • m%dix.sl k¾;k jevigykla keröug isiqkg wjia:dj ie,iSu
fyda úúO m%ix.hla krUñka isá fyda tys l%shdldÍ ù isá
fudfyd;l ye`.Sï ms<sn`o j u;lhg kexùu'
• k¾;khg fhda.H udkisl iQodku fuka u k¾;kfha fh§fuka
,nk udkisl iqj;dj ms<sn| úuiSu' ̂ l,d lD;shla keröfï §
fma%laIlhl= f,i wmg ±fkk udkisl ;Dma;sh" Ys,amshl= f,i
YlH;d m%o¾Ykh lrk úg ,efnk ldhsl yd udkisl iqj;dj&
fma%laIl m%;spdr ,efnk úg Ys,amshl=g ,efnk udkisl ;Dma;sh
fjk;a lsisjl=g;a fkd,efnk nj idlÉPd lsÍu'
mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2 ((((( • udkisl iqj;dj yd k¾;k bf.kqï l%shdldrlï w;r
we;s ióm iïnkaO;dj úuiSu'
mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3mshjr 3 ((((( • iïNdjH l,dlD;Ska krUd ri ú£fuka ukd wdl,am"
ks¾udKd;aul yd úpdrd;aul Ñka;kh j¾Okh jk nj idlÉPd
lsÍu'
we.hSï yd ;lafiarelrKh i`oyd Wmfoia (
• udkisl iajia:;dj mss<sn`o ye`Èkaùula lrkak'
• udkisl iajia:;dj jeä ÈhqKq lsÍug k¾;kh bf.kSu
n,mdkafka flfia ±hs ir, jdlH follska úia;r lrkak'
47
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
úIh wka;¾.;h (
iajia:;dj hkak YdÍßl ;;a;aj blaujd f.dia udkisl" idudÔh yd wdOHd;añl me;slv o
we;=<;a jk ixisoaêhls' <uhl=f.a Ñka;kh" l%shdj" Ñ;a;fõ.Sh m%ldYk yd p¾hd rgd ksÍlaIKh
lrñka ,nd.kakd f;dr;=re wkqj Tyqf.a udkisl iajia:;dj ms<sn| ks.ukj,g t<ôh yels h'
udkisl jYfhka kSfrda.S <uhska ;u jhig wkql+, p¾hd m%;spdr olaj;s' hul=g ;u
ffoksl lghq;= ukd j yiqrejdf.k idudkH Ôú;hla .; l< yels kï" Tyq udkisl iajia:;dfjkaa
hqla; fõ' ta wkqj <uhl=f.a udkisl iajia:;dj ms<sn| ks.ukh l< yels h' ^uÜgï y`ÿkd.;
yels wdldr fõ'&
01' <uhska yeisfrk wdldrh wkqj
02' iudch wkqj yev.eiSfï yelshdj
03' Ôú;fha úúO wjia:dj, § <uhska fhda.H f,i m%;spdr olajk wdldrh
04' ;u iujhia i.hkag N+ñld wdo¾Y iemhSu
05' jhig iß,k fm!reI j¾Okhlska hqla; ùu
06' újD; nj" úYajdijka; nj yd wd;au úYajdifhka hq;= j l%shd lssÍu
07' ;uka ms<sn`o Okd;aul iajdNsudkfhka hq;= j l%shd lsÍu
08' w¨;a f;dr;=re oek.ekSfï we;s Wkkaÿj
09' ;u .eg¨ yd .egqï ukd f,i yiqrejd .ekSu'
<uqkaf.a udkisl iajia:;dj, fjkialï isÿ jkafka ixlS¾K f,i <uhdf.a j¾Ok wjê
flfrys n,mdk úúO idOl fya;=fjks' fuu idOl fldgia follg fjka l< yels h'
01' cdkuh idOl fyj;a wdruh idOl
02' mdßißl idOl
cdkuh idOl hkq" <uhska ;u fouõmshkaf.ka Wreu lr.;a .=Kdx. fõ' tfia u <uqkaf.a
udkisl iajia:;dj flfrys n,mdk mßir idOl fldgia folls'
01' Ôj úoHd;aul mdrsißl idOl
02' fN!;sl mdßißl idOl
udkisl yd ldhsl ixj¾Okh i`oyd wjia:dj imhd §u u.ska udkisl iqj;dj ksrdhdifhka
jeä ÈhqKq fõ' ta wkqj wkHhkaf.a Wmldrl ueÈy;a ùu wjYH <uhska" Tjqkaf.a p¾hd rgd u.ska
y`ÿkd.; yels h' ;j o tlS <uqka olajk úúO yeisÍï i`oyd fya;= y`ÿkdf.k ksjerÈ u.g fhduq
lsÍug o iu;a úh hq;= h'
48
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
ksmqK;dj 8'0 ( k¾;k l,dfjka ,efnk udkisl yd YdÍßl iajia:;dj id¾:l Èú
fmfj;la .; lsÍug bjy,a lr .kshs'
ksmqK;d uÜgu 8'2 ( udkisl iajia:;dj mj;ajd .ekSug k¾;k l%shdldrlï bjy,a jk
whqre úuihs'
l%shdldrlu 8'2'1 ( zksisfia kguq' iqjfia fjfiuq'Z
ld,Éfþo ixLHdj ( 02
bf.kqï m, 8'2'2 ( • k¾;k l%shdldrlï u.ska ,nd.;a w;aoelSï úia;r lrhs'
• udkisl iajia:;dj yd k¾;k ls%hdldrlï w;r we;s iïnkaO;dj
úia;r lrhs'
• k¾;k l,dj yeoEÍfuka ,efnk YlH;djka ms<sn`o
wjfndaOfhka hq;= j k¾;kfha fhfoa'
• k¾;k l,dj yeoEÍfï wjYH;d w.hñka woyia olajhs'
• k¾;k l,dj yeoEÍfuka ,efnk YlH;d id¾:l Èú fmfj;la
.; lsÍug bjy,a jk nj m%ldY lrhs'
.=Kd;aul fhojqï ( ld¾h m;s%ldj 1" mska;+r" VCD
ls%hdldrlu ie,iqu i`oyd Wmfoia (
mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1mshjr 1 ((((( • k¾;khl fh§ isák o¾Ykhla" mska;+rhla m%o¾Ykh lr" k¾;k
l%shdldrlï udkisl iajia:;dj j¾Okhg fya;= jk nj flá
-fhka idlÉPd lsÍu'
• ld¾h m;%sldj 1 lKavdhï w;r fnod §u'
• wjYH Wmfoia ,ndfoñka lKavdhï l%shdldrlfuys fhoùu'
mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2mshjr 2 ((((( • lKavdhïj,g ms<s;=re bÈßm;a lsÍug wjia:dj ,nd§u'
• ish¨ u lKavdhï ms<s;=re bÈßm;a l< miq ,ndÿka ms<s;=re
w.h lsÍu'
• wjYH lreKq igyka lr .ekSug ie,eiaùu'
we.hSu yd ;lafiarelrKh i`oyd Wmfoia (
• k¾;k l,dj yeoEÍfï jeo.;alu ms<sn`o fláfhka úia;r
lrkak'
• .S;hla wkqj k¾;k ks¾udK iuQy l%shdldrlñka j¾Okh lr
.; yels l=i,;d ;=kla ,shkak'
• id¾:l Èú fmfj;la .; lsÍug k¾;k l%shdldrlï ;=<ska
,nd.; yels w;aoelSï folla ,shkak'
49
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
ld¾h m;%sldj 1
I Tn jvd;a m%sh lrk k¾;k l%shdldrlu kï lrkak'
k¾;kfha § wx." m%;Hx. yd Wmdx. w;r iïnkaO;dj mj;ajd .ekSfï jeo.;alu
úia;r lrkak'
II k¾;k ks¾udKhla lsÍfï § ,efnk w;aoelSï fm< .iajkak'
iunr iy hym;a udkisl is;=ú,s we;s lr.ekSug n,mE k¾;k ks¾udK l%shdlrlï
fudkjdoehs ,shkak'
III k¾;k l,dj yeoEÍfuka w;am;a lr.; yels YdÍßl l=i,;d ms<sn`o w.hñka flá
igykla ,shkak'
úIh wka;¾.;h
uq,sl wjYH;d
m%fõKsh ixj¾Okh
mßirh udkisl iajia:;dj mjq, ^ks¾Kdhl&
wdOHd;auh iudch
wOHdmksl mßirh
by; i`oyka udkisl iqj;dj mj;ajd .ekSfï úêl%u lSmhls' fi!kao¾hd;aul mßir
idOl w;a ú¢k <uhl= fj; tajd myiqfjka <`.d lr .; yel'
01' k¾;kfha fh§u
02' úúO .dhk" jdok l:d mqj;aj,g ijka §u
03' m%dix.sl wx. keröu
04' j¾Kj;a úis;=re rx. jia;%dNrK Ndú;h
05' rx. ieris,s yd rx. NdKav ieliSu
06' úúO f;audjka wkqj rx.kh yd N+ñld ksrEmKh
fufia úfYaIfhka k¾;k úIh yodrk <uhl= fj; by; lS udkisl iajia:;dj mj;ajd
.ekSu jeo.;a wdldr lsysmhls'
01' ks¾udKd;aul l%shdldrlï i`oyd bÈßm;a ùu'
02' l,d lD;s we.hSug ,la lsÍu'
03' m%dix.sl l,d wx.hka ms<sn`o j ksjerÈ we.hSula lsÍu'
04' bf.kqï l%shdj,sh ;=< il%sh odhl;ajh m%o¾Ykh lsÍu'
<uhdf.a udkisl mßK;sh mßirh" ffoksl bf.kqï b.ekaùï l%shdldrlï wkqj fjkia
fjhs' udkisl iajia:;dj mj;ajdf.k hEu i`oyd k¾;k l%shdldrlï fhdod .; yels h' <uhs
ksi.fhka u m%dfhda.sl l%shdldrlï lsÍug leue;af;da h' hï <uhl= tfia fkdjk úg Tyq hï
udkisl jHdl+,;djlska isák nj meyeÈ,s fõ' k¾;k l%shdldrlïys fh§fï § isiqka iDcq j fyda
jl% j ;u udkisl ;;a;ajhka m%ldY lrhs'
50
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
k¾;k l%shdldrlï u.ska <uhd ;=< mj;sk mSä; Ñ;a;fõ. yd Yla;Ska YdÍßl j uqod yeÍu
isÿ fjhs' tu ksid k¾;kh isrer yd iïnkaO l%shdj,shla jk w;r" tlS l%shdldrlï udkisl
;;a;ajhka mj;ajd .ekSfuys ,d bjy,a jk nj meyeÈ,s fjhs'
• k¾;kh yd ne`È l%shdldrlïys p,kh" jdokh" .dhkh yd rEmKh udxi fmaYs p,kfha
§ reêrkd, moaO;sh l%uj;a ùfuka uki yd iïnkaO bkaøshkag isÿjk n,mEu'
ixp,k yeisrùfï § ufkdapd,l l%shdldß;ajh j¾Okh ùu'
k¾;k l%shdldrlï ksjerÈ j wkqms<sfj<ska mj;ajd .ekSfï § ,nk udkisl tald.%;dj'
k¾;kh yd ne`È rEmK l%shdldrlïys § udkisl wdfõok Ndj yd ye`.Sï m%ldYkhg
bv ,eîfuka is; iykYS,S ùu'
ri úkaokh udkisl iqj-iykhg fya;= ùu'
wx." m%;Hx." Wmdx. ukd md,khlska bjiSfuka hq;= j l%shd lrùfuka ufkdapd,l
l%shdldÍ;ajfha j¾Okh we;s ùu'
m%Yxidj yd we.hSu <uhd Ñ;a; Yla;sfhka hq;= Èß .ekaùulg fya;= ùu'
k¾;k ks¾udK i`oyd isÿ lrk l%shdldrlï u.ska Ñ;a;fõ.Sh .eg¨ m%ldYkhg
bv ,eîu'
iunr;dj /l.ekSug k¾;k wNHdifha § ,efnk ukd ixhuh yd bjiSfï yqrej'
k¾;k l%shdldrlï ;=<ska j¾Okh jk yelshd
• fnodyod .ekSu
• iyfhda.h
• kS;s Í;s ms<sme§u
• kdhl;ajhg .re lsÍu
• ch mrdch iuis;ska ms<s.ekSu
• bjiSu
• lemùu
• läirnj
• ;¾ldkql+, Ñka;kh
• ks¾udKYS,S Ñka;kh
• YdÍßl p,k md,kh
51
10 fYa%Ksh - k¾;kh .=re ud¾f.damfoaYh
úúO iydh
lxpql ks¾udKh - rùkaø f;akqjr uy;dlÓldpd¾h"fi!kao¾h wOHdmk fomd¾;fïka;=j"cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh'
mß.Kl joka iemhqu - ta'à'tia' .uf.a uy;añhtka'ví'ã'mS' l=udrisß fukúhã'iS' chfldä uy;añhcd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh'
úúO iydh - ud,kS úl%ukdhl uy;añhfla'mS' fmf¾rd uy;dfi!kao¾h wOHdmk fomd¾;fïka;=j"cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh'