kodakbook

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KODAKYasmine Amish

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He was a high school dropout, judged “not especially gifted” when measured against the academic standards of the day. He was poor, but even as a young man, he took it upon himself to support his widowed mother and two sisters, one of whom was severely handicapped.

He began his business career as a 14-year old office boy in an insurance company and followed that with work as a clerk in a local bank.

He was George Eastman, and his ability to overcome financial adversity, his gift for organization and management, and his lively and inventive mind made him a successful entrepreneur by his mid-twenties, and enabled him to direct his Eastman Kodak Company to the forefront of American industry.

George Eastman

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Milestones- chronology18

79Ea

stm

an in

vent

ed a

n em

ulsi

on-c

oatin

g m

achi

ne w

hich

ena

bled

him

to m

ass-

prod

uce

phot

ogra

phic

dry

pla

tes.

1880

East

man

beg

an c

omm

erci

al p

rodu

ctio

n of

dry

pla

tes

in a

rent

ed lo

ft of

a b

uild

ing

in R

oche

ster

, N.Y

. pro

duce

pho

togr

aphi

c dr

y pl

ates

.

1881

In J

anua

ry, E

astm

an a

nd H

enry

A. S

trong

(a fa

mily

frie

nd a

nd b

uggy

-whi

p m

anuf

actu

rer)

form

ed a

par

tner

ship

kno

wn

as th

e Ea

stm

an D

ry P

late

Com

pany

. In

Sept

embe

r, Ea

stm

an

qui

t his

job

as a

ban

k cl

erk

to d

evot

e hi

s fu

ll tim

e to

the

busi

ness

.

1885

EAST

MA

N A

mer

ican

Film

was

intro

duce

d - t

he fi

rst t

rans

pare

nt p

hoto

grap

hic

“film

” as

we

know

it to

day.

The

com

pany

ope

ned

a w

hole

sale

offi

ce in

Lon

don,

Eng

land

.

1886

Geo

rge

East

man

bec

ame

one

of th

e fir

st A

mer

ican

indu

stria

lists

to e

mpl

oy a

full-

time

rese

arch

sci

entis

t to

aid

in th

e co

mm

erci

aliz

atio

n of

a fl

exib

le, t

rans

pare

nt fi

lm b

ase.

1888

The

nam

e “K

odak

” w

as b

orn

and

the

KO

DA

K c

amer

a w

as p

lace

d on

the

mar

ket,

with

the

slog

an, “

You

pres

s th

e bu

tton

- we

do th

e re

st.”

Thi

s w

as th

e bi

rth

of s

naps

hot

p

hoto

grap

hy, a

s m

illio

ns o

f am

ateu

r pic

ture

-take

rs k

now

it to

day.

1892

The

com

pany

bec

ame

East

man

Kod

ak C

ompa

ny o

f New

Yor

k.

1895

The

Pock

et K

OD

AK

Cam

era

was

ann

ounc

ed. I

t use

d ro

ll fil

m a

nd in

corp

orat

ed a

sm

all w

indo

w th

roug

h w

hich

pos

ition

ing

num

bers

for e

xpos

ures

cou

ld b

e re

ad.

1897

Kod

ak e

stab

lishe

d a

who

lly-o

wne

d su

bsid

iary

in F

ranc

e, e

xpan

ding

a b

ranc

h of

fice

whi

ch h

ad b

een

open

ed in

189

1.

1900

The

first

of t

he fa

mou

s B

RO

WN

IE C

amer

as w

as in

trodu

ced.

It s

old

for $

1 an

d us

ed fi

lm th

at s

old

for 1

5 ce

nts

a ro

ll. F

or th

e fir

st ti

me,

the

hobb

y of

pho

togr

aphy

was

with

in th

e

fi

nanc

ial r

each

of v

irtua

lly e

very

one

1903

KO

DA

K N

on-C

urlin

g Fi

lm w

as in

trodu

ced,

whi

ch re

mai

ned

the

stan

dard

for a

mat

eur p

hoto

grap

hy fo

r nea

rly 3

0 ye

ars.

1927

Kod

ak e

mpl

oym

ent t

hrou

ghou

t the

wor

ld p

asse

d th

e 20

,000

mar

k.

1928

Mot

ion

pict

ures

in c

olor

bec

ame

a re

ality

for a

mat

eur c

inem

atog

raph

ers

with

the

intro

duct

ion

of 1

6 m

m K

OD

AC

OLO

R F

ilm.

1935

KO

DA

CH

RO

ME

Film

was

intro

duce

d an

d be

cam

e th

e fir

st c

omm

erci

ally

suc

cess

ful a

mat

eur c

olor

film

.

1951

The

low

-pric

ed B

RO

WN

IE 8

mm

Mov

ie C

amer

a w

as in

trodu

ced.

1957

The

KO

DA

K B

RO

WN

IE S

TAR

MAT

IC C

amer

as w

ere

intro

duce

d. T

hese

cam

eras

eve

ntua

lly in

clud

ed s

even

mod

els,

and

mor

e th

an 1

0 m

illio

n w

ere

sold

ove

r the

nex

t five

yea

rs.

5

1957

The

KO

DA

K B

RO

WN

IE S

TAR

MAT

IC C

amer

as w

ere

intro

duce

d. T

hese

cam

eras

eve

ntua

lly in

clud

ed s

even

mod

els,

and

mor

e th

an 1

0 m

illio

n w

ere

sold

ove

r the

nex

t five

yea

rs.

1963

The

line

of K

OD

AK

INST

AM

ATIC

Cam

eras

was

intro

duce

d, fe

atur

ing

easy

-to-u

se c

artri

dge-

load

ing

film

, whi

ch e

vent

ually

bro

ught

am

ateu

r pho

togr

aphy

to n

ew h

eigh

ts

o

f pop

ular

ity.

1975

Kod

ak in

vent

ed th

e w

orld

’s fi

rst d

igita

l cam

era.

1981

Com

pany

sal

es s

urpa

ssed

the

$10

billi

on m

ark.

Milestones- chronology

1984

Kod

ak e

nter

ed th

e vi

deo

mar

ket w

ith th

e K

OD

AVIS

ION

Ser

ies

2000

8 m

m v

ideo

sys

tem

and

intro

duce

d K

OD

AK

Vid

eota

pe C

asse

ttes

in 8

mm

, Bet

a, a

nd V

HS

form

ats.

1989

Kod

ak c

eleb

rate

d th

e 10

0th

anni

vers

ary

of m

otio

n pi

ctur

es b

y in

trodu

cing

EA

STM

AN

EXR

Col

or N

egat

ive

Film

s.

1996

The

Adv

ance

d Ph

oto

Syst

em fo

rmat

was

intro

duce

d. F

eatu

res

incl

uded

dro

p-in

film

car

tridg

e lo

adin

g, m

id-r

oll c

hang

e en

ablin

g th

e fil

m to

be

rem

oved

bef

ore

bein

g co

mpl

etel

y

expo

sed,

and

thre

e di

ffere

nt p

ictu

re fo

rmat

s (C

lass

ic, G

roup

, and

Pan

oram

ic).

1999

Kod

ak s

old

its d

igita

l prin

ter,

copi

er/d

uplic

ator

, and

rolle

r ass

embl

y op

erat

ions

to H

eide

lber

ger D

ruck

mas

chin

en A

G.

2001

Kod

ak a

nnou

nced

a n

ew w

orld

wid

e ad

vert

isin

g ca

mpa

ign,

“Sh

are

Mom

ents

. Sha

re L

ife.”

2003

The

KO

DA

K i8

0 Sc

anne

r, ab

le to

dig

itize

pap

er d

ocum

ents

40

perc

ent f

aste

r tha

n pr

evio

us m

odel

s, w

as in

trodu

ced.

2005

Kod

ak in

trodu

ced

new

offe

rings

for t

he g

raph

ics

indu

stry

, inc

ludi

ng th

e K

OD

AK

Ent

erpr

ise

Man

agem

ent S

olut

ion

(EM

S)

2007

intro

duce

d its

firs

t cam

era

feat

urin

g th

e co

mpa

ny’s

inno

vativ

e C

MO

S im

age

sens

or te

chno

logy

. The

KO

DA

K E

ASY

SHA

RE

C51

3 D

igita

l Cam

era.

2011

Kod

ak in

trodu

ced

its fi

rst w

ater

proo

f dig

ital s

till c

amer

a, th

e K

OD

AK

EA

SYSH

AR

E SP

OR

T C

amer

a.

2011

KO

DA

K P

ictu

re K

iosk

s w

ere

enha

nced

to a

llow

use

rs to

acc

ess

– an

d ea

sily

mak

e pr

ints

or p

hoto

pro

duct

s fro

m –

the

incr

easi

ng n

umbe

r of i

mag

es s

tore

d on

soc

ial s

ites

like

2012

As

part

of a

n ef

fort

to e

xten

d us

e of

Kod

ak’s

com

mer

cial

inkj

et te

chno

logy

thro

ugh

part

ners

hips

, Tim

sons

Prin

ting

Mac

hine

ry d

evel

oped

the

TIM

SON

T-P

ress

. Pow

ered

by

KO

DA

K

2012

Kod

ak e

nter

ed C

hapt

er 1

1 re

orga

niza

tion

and

emba

rked

on

a se

ries

of c

hang

es th

at w

ill fo

cus

the

futu

re c

ompa

ny o

n co

mm

erci

al m

arke

ts.

8

KOCAMDAKERA

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CAM

Through the early twentieth century, Kodak produced an increasingly large range of cameras, in an increasing range of film formats - becoming the dominant supplier of both cameras and film.In 1884 Eastman and Strong trans-formed their partnership to a corpora-tion for photography. The first step towards that goal was the “Kodak” camera he introduced in 1888 which had a built-in 100-exposure paper roll film costing $25, a huge amount. The box camera had to be sent back to the factory once all the exposures had been used. The customers got their cameras back with new film roll loaded into it, and the image prints. In 1890 a Kodak folding camera with built-in 48 exposure film roll followed. After years of advertising the brand Kodak the company was renamed Eastman Ko-dak Co. In 1900 Eastman had reached his goal, offering the Brownie rollfilm camera which cost only $1 including a 6 exposure film. Further film rolls cost just 15 cents. The Brownie camera series was continued until 1970.

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Kodak Logo Kodak Logo Kodak Logo Kodak Logo Kodak Logo Kodak Logo

Logo Kodak Logo Kodak Logo Kodak Logo Kodak Logo Kodak Logo Kodak


Logo Kodak Logo Kodak Logo Kodak Kodak Logo Kodak Logo Kodak Logo

Kodak Logo Kodak Logo Kodak Logo Kodak Logo Kodak Logo Kodak Logo Kodak Logo Kodak Logo Kodak Logo

Kodak Logo Kodak Logo Kodak Logo


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Logo Kodak Logo Kodak Logo Kodak Logo Kodak Logo Kodak Logo Kodak


Logo Kodak Logo Kodak Logo Kodak Kodak Logo Kodak Logo Kodak Logo

Kodak Logo Kodak Logo Kodak Logo Kodak Logo Kodak Logo Kodak Logo Kodak Logo Kodak Logo Kodak Logo



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The name Kodak is meaningless and was chosen because it was impossible to mispronounce and disimilar to any exist-ing words.George Eastman said that K was his favourite letter and that he had wanted to incorporate it into his company’s name. He said: “A trademark should be short. It must mean nothing.”

Evolution ofbrand logo

Early 1900’s. Kodak is the first company to integrate its name and look into a symbol.

“I devised the name myself. The letter ‘K’ had been a favorite with me — it seems a strong, incisive sort of letter. It became a question of trying out a great number of combinations of letters that made words starting and ending with ‘K.’ The word ‘Kodak’ is the result.”- GEORGE EASTMAN

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1960’s. The corner curl was introduced.

15

1970’s. The mark retained the red and yellow colors and the Kodak name, but a box and graphic “K” element were added.

16

Today. The box is gone, simplifying the logo. The rounded type font and distinctive “a” give the name a more contemporary look.

18

Kodak

19

Ads

20

“All out-doors invites your KODAK”

“Kodak as you go.”

“Holidays are Kodak Days.”

“Told by the Kodak”

“Keep a Kodak Story of the Children”

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“Kodak as you go.”“There are no game laws for those who hunt with a

K O D A K.”

“GREAT SHOT...EVERYSHOT!”

“Let the children Kodak”

“Take a KODAK with you

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George Eastman knew the value of advertising, and of a good trademark. “A trademark should be short, vigor-ous, incapable of being misspelled,” he wrote. “It must mean nothing. If the name has no dictionary defini-tion, it must be associated only with your product....” And so in 1888 he introduced a camera with the name “Kodak,” which appeared in advertise-ments with the catchy slogan, “You push the button -- we do the rest.” It was the beginning of a successful advertising campaign that continues to this day.

24

George Eastman knew the value of advertising, and of a good trademark. “A trademark should be short, vigor-ous, incapable of being misspelled,” he wrote. “It must mean nothing. If the name has no dictionary defini-tion, it must be associated only with your product....” And so in 1888 he introduced a camera with the name “Kodak,” which appeared in advertise-ments with the catchy slogan, “You push the button -- we do the rest.” It was the beginning of a successful advertising campaign that continues to this day.

PUSH

25

YOUTHE BUTTONWE DOTHE REST

PUSH

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1888 1892 1898

1908

1916

1909 1911

19391920

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1915

George Eastman knew the value of advertising, and of a good trademark. “A trademark should be short, vigorous, incapable of beingmisspelled,” he wrote. “It must mean nothing. If the name has no dictionary definition, it must be associated only with your product....”.in 1888 he introduced a camera with the name “Kodak,” which appeared in advertisements with the catchy slogan, “You push the button -- we do the rest.” It was the beginning of a successful advertising campaign that continues to this day.

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194819451944

1950 1953 1960

199319811972

29

1970

32

John HassalJohn Hassall was born in Walmer, Kent on 21 May 1868, died 8 March 1948 and was an English illustrator.Hassall educated in Worthing, at Newton Abbot College and at Neuenheim College, Heidelberg. After twice failing entry to The Royal Military Academy Sandhurst, he emigrated to Manitoba in Canada in 1888 to begin farming with his brother Owen. He returned to London two years later when he had drawings accepted by the Graphic. At the suggestion of Dudley Hardy (along with Cecil Aldin, a lifelong friend), he studied art in Antwerp and Paris. During this time he was influenced by the famous poster artist Alphonse Mucha. In 1895, he began work as an advertising artist for David Allen & Sons, a career which lasted fifty years and included such well-known projects as the poster “Skegness is so Bracing” (1908). Making use of flat colours enclosed by thick black lines, his poster style was very suitable for children’s books, and he produced many volumes of nursery rhymes and fairy stories, now fetching high prices on eBay, such as Mother Goose’s Nursery Rhymes (1909).

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Kodak

35

Girl

37

Kitty Cramer, the first Kodak Girl.

38

George Eastman invented a camera simple enough for anyone to operate. He then set out to market it to those he thought most likely to use it,women. In 1893, he introduced the Kodak Girl, a young, beautiful, independent, and adventurous, the Kodak Girl was often depicted as holding or taking photos with a Kodak box camera or folding camera outdoors, setting her noticeably apart from the “camera girls” of today. While her modern counterparts are only often seen posing with the camera, the Kodak Girl was always out with her camera and taking photos of the world around her.The Kodak Girl is one of the most durable and successful marketing campaigns in advertising history. The Kodak Girl traces the intersection of American culture with photography as it evolved from a studio-bound practice to a snapshot obsession for the masses.

39

The Kodak Girl was also a fashionable one. Through the years, the Kodak Girl was depicted in various magazine ads, promotional posters, and post-cards in various stylish attires. Accord-ing to Nancy Martha West, author of Kodak and the Lens of Nostalgia, by marketing its cameras towards female consumers, Kodak hoped to show how photography was not only “a neces-sary component of domestic life” but also an “integral part of the world of fashion and feminine beauty.”

41

In Kodak and the Lens of Nostalgia (2000), Nancy Martha West describes how the company-marketing the first box cameras in the 1890s aggressively targeted female consumers, hoping they’d “see photography not only as a necessary component of domestic life but as an integral part of the world of fashion and feminine beauty.” Starting in 1892, advertisements featuring a striking and adventurous “Kodak Girl” were widely seen and wildly success-ful; soon large numbers of women were taking pictures as well as posing for them.

4241

Jean-Paul GoudeHe wasborn 1940 in Saint-Mandé ,he is a French graphic designer, illustrator, photographer and advertising film director. He has formerly worked as art director at Esquire Magazine in New York during the 1970s,and famously choreographed the 1989 Bicentennial Parade in Paris to mark the 200th anniversary of the French Revolution. In addition, over the last three de-cades, he has created well known campaigns and illustrations for brands including Perrier, Citroën, Kodak, and Chanel.

Goude’s first television advertisement was a TV spot for Lee Cooper Jeans in 1982, in which he filmed a 10-minute mini opera set to Igor Stravinsky’s The Rite of Spring. He’s also created advertisements for clients such as Azzedine Alaia, Perrier, and Cacharel. In 1984, Goude shot a spot for Kodak that followed the adventures of the Kodakettes, mischievous kids clad in red-and-white stripes. In 1992, he filmed an ad for ChanelFragrance in which he put model Vanessa Paradis in a birdcage, because he thought she looked like Tweety.

44

In 1969, astronaut Neil Armstrong became the first man to walk on the moon. They used Kodak film on Apollo 11 to capture the first pictures of the lunar surface, but Kodak did something years earlier to make the trip possible.

NASA decided after President John F.Kennedy said we are going to the moon, the first goal was to document the moon, said Todd Gustavson, curator of technol-ogy collection.

Eastman Kodak Company was involved in the moon project even before Neil Arm-strong. NASA needed to make sure the surface was safe for a smooth landing.

Kodak helped create the Lunar Orbiter used in 1966 to photograph the entire moon.The unusual thing about this is that not only is it a camera, but it also devel-oped the film and then scanned the film and sent the film signal back to NASA.

Five of Kodak’s orbiters made it to the moon. They worked so well NASA didn’t need more. The one here at the George Eastman House was number seven in line.

When you see images of Neil Armstrong and other astronauts walking on the moon, you will notice a camera attached to their gear. The film inside those cameras was made by Kodak.The Kodak film and the Lunar Orbiter...this is the proof that we actually went to the moon. A lot of people are skeptical about this, photographic evidence, without the film from Eastman Kodak Company, we would not have that evidence, said Gustavson.

Decades later, the pictures they took in 1966 are still considered the highest resolution images of the entire moon ever taken.

on the MoonKodak

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on the Moon

46

Impact of Pictures

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Impact of Pictures

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Motion PicturesToday, Kodak film continues to record the action on many of the world’s movie sets, and is also used to print the films shown in neighborhood theaters.

Since the inception of the Academy Awards, 80 Oscar-winning “Best Pictures” have been shot on Kodak film. The com-pany even has nine Oscar statuettes of its own -- for scientific and technical excel-lence. That’s more than any non-studio company--not surprising given that Kodak has been involved in technological innovations throughout the industry’s history. Kodak:

marketed its first film designed for making then-new “sound” motion pictures in 1929.earned a 1949 Academy Award for a tri-acetate safety film base (introduced in 1948) for motion picture film. This eliminated a significant safety hazard posed by the flammable nitrate film base it replaced, and also helped ensure the long-term integrity of the films.earned another Academy Award for Eastman color negative and color print films (introduced in 1950), which helped popularize color movies for theaters and television.introduced improved emulsion technology with its Eastman EXR color negative film products in 1989. These gave cinema-tographers significant creative flexibility, providing more underexposure latitude; truer colors in fluorescent light, and greater sharpness.

49

George Eastman and Thomas Edison at a garden party to present an early Kodacolor motion picture film. Watch a demo film from the event.

50The first radiograph was of Mrs. Roentgen’s hand.

HealthThe company’s pivotal role in develop-ment of the health imaging industry began less than a year after Wilhelm Roentgen discovered the x-ray in November 1895.

In 1896, Kodak introduced the first capture medium -- a photographic paper - designed specifically for x-ray image capture. By 1914, the company employed two radiography experts to solve custom-ers’ technical problems, and by 1929, the technical staff had increased to 26.

` As the business grew, Kodak adapted its film and imaging technology to meet spe-cial needs in the health industry. During World War II, for example, the company devised films to detect radiation expo-sure for workers developing the atomic bomb. Over the decades, other films with special characteristics were developed for applications like cardiology, dentistry, mammography and oncology (for radia-tion treatment of cancer).

51Recordak bank model microfilmer, 1933.

Document ImagingGiven young George Eastman’s experi-ence as a bank clerk, it’s not surprising that, in 1928, his company’s new Re-cordak subsidiary introduced the first microfilm system -- designed to simplify the handling of bank records.

Microfilming involves photographing documents at a greatly reduced size for archiving purposes. By 1931, Recordak had automated the process, moving film in synchronization with documents fed over a revolving drum. This allowed docu-ments of any length to be filmed.

Recordak bank model microfilmer, 1933.In the decades that followed, technol-ogy continued to advance and microfilm became commonplace in many document intensive areas like insurance, libraries, government agencies and transportation.

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world war IKodak

Kodak developed aerial cameras and trained US Signal Corps photographers during World War I.Only 100 were made in 1916 for the US Army Signal Corps. They were called “Signal Corps K-3”. Every camera was numbered. Most important feature is the rangefinder below the lens. It was the first rangefinder on a camera ever. It was introduced in February 1916. The photographer could set the proper distance with help of the rangefinder and so avoid images that were not focussed properly.

Second interesting feature is the auto-graphic provision on the back panel. This little door could be opened and with the metal stylus (attached to the door) one could write on the film, at least if the camera was loaded with special auto-graphic film. The text appeared on the negative, just below the image, and could be printed with it.

54

Steve McCurry used Kodachrome film for his 1984 portrait of Sharbat Gula, the ‘Afghan Girl’, for the National Geographic magazine.At the Nasir Bagh refugee camp in 1984, Gula’s photograph was taken by National Geographic Society photographer Steve McCurry on Kodachrome color slide film, with a Nikon FM2 camera and Nikkor 105mm F2.5 lens. The pre-print photo retouching was done by Graphic Art Service, based in Marietta, Georgia. Gula was one of the students in an informal school within the refugee camp; McCurry seized a rare opportunity to photograph Afghan women and captured her image.Although her name was not known, her picture, titled “Afghan Girl”, appeared on the June 1985 cover of National Geo-graphic. The image of her face, with a red scarf draped loosely over her head and with her piercing sea-green eyes star-ing directly into the camera, became a symbol both of the 1980s Afghan conflict and of the refugee situation worldwide. The image itself was named “the most recognized photograph” in the history of the magazine.

5655

Dorothea Lange used Kodak film to capture her famous ‘Migrant Mother’ photograph in 1936.

The photo was taken in March 1936 at a camp for seasonal agricultural work-ers 175 miles north of Los Angeles by Dorothea Lange. Lange was working for the Farm Security administration as part of a team of photographers documenting the impact of federal programs in improving rural conditions.“I saw and approached the hungry and desperate mother, as if drawn by a mag-net. I do not remember how I explained my presence or my camera to her but I do remember she asked me no questions. I made five exposures, working closer and closer from the same direction. I did not ask her name or her history. She told me her age, that she was 32. She said that they had been living on frozen vegetables from the surrounding fields, and birds that the children killed. She had just sold the tires from her car to buy food. There she sat in that lean-to tent with her children huddled around her, and seemed to know that my pictures might help her, and so she helped me. There was a sort of equal-ity about it.

The pea crop at Nipomo had frozen and there was no work for anybody. But I did not approach the tents and shelters of other stranded pea-pickers. It was not necessary; I knew I had recorded the es-sence of my assignment.”

57Migrant Mother, 1936

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Mad MenKodak

The Wheel to two Kodak executivesMad Men focuses on the advertising industry in the early ’60s in New York, and the resulting campaigns.

There is a scene in an early episode of “Mad Men” in which Don Draper pitches a campaign for a new slide projector called the Wheel to two Kodak executives. Dur-ing the pitch, he projects a series of im-ages from his family album: embracing his wife on their wedding day, dancing with her at a party, the birth of a baby, playing with his children and sprawling on a sofa with them one Christmas. the essence of my assig http://blog.photoshelter.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/mt-old/r3594a.

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Mad Men focuses on the advertising industry in the early ’60s in New York, and the resulting campaigns.

There is a scene in an early episode of “Mad Men” in which Don Draper pitches a campaign for a new slide projector called the Wheel to two Kodak executives. Dur-ing the pitch, he projects a series of im-ages from his family album: embracing his wife on their wedding day, dancing with her at a party, the birth of a baby, playing with his children and sprawling on a sofa

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Fascinating Facts

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Fascinating Facts

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Kodachrome film was used by Walton Sound and Film Services during the coronation of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth the Second.

Kodachrome SongKodachrome is a song written and recorded by Paul Simon. It appeared on his 1973 album There Goes Rhymin’ Simon. about the Kodak 35mm film Kodachrome. It made number 9 in the US charts, just ahead of Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree by Dawn featuring Tony Orlando. Eastman Kodak Co. required the album to note that Kodachrome is a trademark of Kodak, and to include the registered trademark symbol (®) after the song’s title.

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In 1895 the Pocket Kodak was launched at a price of just $5. It’s small size meant it could be carried in a coat pocket.

In 1976 Kodak had a 90pc market share for photographic film and an 85pc share of camera sales in the US.

Kodak has nine Academy Awards, more commonly known as Oscars. The most recent was received in 2008 for the development of photographic emulsion technologies.

The Eastman Savings and Loan Association was set up to help Kodak employees buy a home. It remained part of the company until it was split-off as a credit union in 1994.

The company founded its research labs in 1912, which made it one of the US’s first industrial research laboratories.

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Apple launched a digital camera in 1994, the QuickTake. It was actually designed by Kodak and had been released in Japan months before under its own brand name.

Kodak designed the optics for the Chandra X-ray space telescope in 1999.

Kodak’s engineers were issued 19,576 US patents between 1900 and 1999. Some 4,478 of these were awarded between 1995 and 1999.

Kodak was the first company to build a working digital camera. An engineer named Steven Sasson created the 3.6kg device which stored images on cassette tape, had a 0.01mp resolution and took 23 seconds to expose each image.

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The company founded its research labs in 1912, which made it one of the US’s first industrial research laboratories.temporarily renamed the Hollywood and Highland Center Theatre), is a live-performance auditorium in the Hollywood and Highland shopping mall and enter-tainment complex, on Hollywood Boule-vard and North Highland Avenue, in the Hollywood district of Los Angeles, United States. Since its opening on November 9, 2001, the theater has hosted the Academy Awards ceremonies (the Oscars), initially held there in March 2002. It is the first permanent home for these annual awards ceremonies.The theater is rented to the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences for weeks before Oscar night. During the rest of the year, it hosts numerous live concerts, awards shows, symphony per-formances, and other events. But since the 7,000-seat Nokia Theatre at L.A. Live opened in 2007, it has largely replaced the Dolby Theatre as L.A.’s premier auditorium, and some of the events formerly held at the Dolby are now regularly held at the Nokia, including the American Idol finals.

The theater was sponsored, until February 2012, by the Eastman Kodak Company, which paid $75 million for naming rights to the building. In early 2012, Eastman Kodak filed for bankruptcy protection, and thus ended its naming-rights deal. Then, the theater’s name was tempo-rarily changed to The Hollywood and Highland Centre, at the suggestion of the venue’s landlord. On May 1, 2012, it was announced that the venue would be renamed the Dolby Theatre, after Dolby Laboratories signed a 20-year naming-rights deal.

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Instant CameraKodak

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Instant CameraThe “Instant Print Film” was first in-vented and made popular by Polaroid, which introduced their first instant camera in 1948 (!). Kodak introduced their Instant Print Film PR10 in 1976, but withdrew all instant films and cameras from the market in 1986, after losing a patent infringement lawsuit to Polaroid. In July 1991, Kodak paid Polaroid $925 million to end the 15-year battle. In other words, you won’t find any film for the EK2 any more. Too bad. Or maybe not.

Polaroid, by the way, announced their decision to leave the instant film busi-ness in February 2008. Polaroid’s over-all revenue from instant cameras, film and other products peaked in 1991 at nearly $3 billion, according to an Associated Press article. But that was then. These days, there’s little or no money in film. As we all know, digital now rules the world.

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Packaging

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Packaging

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designer whose influence over the next several decades resulted in some of the most distinctive cameras ever produced. Teague came to be regarded as a giant among the artists and designers from various disciplines who, by applying their talents to the design of mass-produced goods, cre-ated the field of industrial design.

Terms like brand management and corporate identity were coined de-cades later, but George Eastman knew the value of having a recognizable “brand”. Thus, in 1905 the unassum-ing cardboard package of Eastman film donned the distinctive yellow color that has been a valuable asset to the company and a tool for the graphic designer ever since.

Eastman was concerned with the ap-pearance of products as well as that of packaging. In the mid-1920s, Kodak established a relationship with Walter Dorwin Teague, a respected graphic

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Bankruptcy

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Bankruptcy

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In 2011, despite the turnaround prog-ress, Kodak rapidly used up its cash reserves, stoking fears of bankruptcy; it had $957 million in cash in June 2011, down from $1.6 billion in Janu-ary 2001. In 2011, Kodak reportedly explored selling off or licensing its vast portfolio of patents in order to stave off bankruptcy. By January 2012, analysts suggested that the company could enter bankruptcy followed by an auc-tion of its patents, as it was reported to be in talks with Citigroup to provide debtor-in-possession financing. This was confirmed on January 19, 2012, when the company filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection and obtained a $950 million, 18-month credit facility from Citigroup to enable it to continue operations. Under the terms of its bankruptcy protection, Kodak had a deadline of February 15, 2013 to pro-duce a reorganization plan.

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Yasmine AmishParis Collage of ArtHistory of Communication DesignYasmineamish.com

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Documents

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kodak employment

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kodacolor film

kodachrome film

eastman dry plate company

pocket kodak camera

transparent photographic