Computer Science and Enterprise Computing, from Punched Cards and Fortran to Information Systems and

Mobile Apps

Stephen K. Kwan, PhDProfessor, Service Science, MIS

College of BusinessSan Jose State University

stephen.kwan@sjsu.edu

The Department of Computer Science and The Department of Computer Engineering

jointly present

THE HISTORY OF COMPUTING SPEAKER SERIES

October 12th, 2011

Download these slides at: http://www.slideshare.net/StephenKwan

I was just a student in Computer Science in the early days of the discipline.

I am still a student.I am enrolled in CS 221 (online)

It started in Hong Kongduring l96O’s

lifewas

prettysimplethen

Not Now

http://www.computerhope.com/history/196080.htm

Some early exposure to Computers in High School

Enrolled in HK University Extension courseon Introduction to Computers:

NCR, IBM, assembler language, etc.

IBM was the dominant Computer manufacturer and also sold Office Machines

IBM Logos in History

On my book shelf

Advice:You should be a -

Math: lOO%√

Aptitude TestProfessional

Counselor

What should I major in college?

Chemistry (maybe pre-med)

Switching majors –

Business Administration

Computer ScienceB SM S

Problem Analysis and Solution Using FORTRAN IVBy David Moursund

IBM 360/50

My Inspiration!

Spaghetti code

Panic Button

Digital Equipment Corp. DEC PDP 10

Varian 620i

TTY ASR 33

COBOLALGOLBASICLISPAssembler…

Donald Knuth

Some of the classes in the curriculum:

Structure of Programming LanguagesCompiler DesignComputational LinguisticsHardware DesignOperating Systems PrinciplesComputer GraphicsSystem Programming PracticumApplications Programming Practicum

Taught Introduction to Fortran Programming as a JuniorLearning to be a teacher

Graduated with a BS in Computer ScienceMinor in Business Administration

in 3 years

Offered a PositionStayed to teach and

Studied for Master DegreeMinor in Business

Worked as a programmer

Taught Business Students,Advanced Programming,

COBOL, etc.

Inducted into the Order of the Emerald Abacus

My Inspiration!

Small World

Michael Burke, Chair, Computer Science, SJSUEmeritus Professor, Retired 2004MS 1968 University of OregonPhD 1971 University of Oregon

Josephine M. ChengIBM Fellow and Vice PresidentDirector, IBM Research –Almaden

Took COBOL at U of Oregon

Theodore Nelson 1974

Studying for a

PhD – Doctor of Philosophy in Management

Will you be able to find a job?

Taught PL/ILearned about

Management Information SystemsComputer Systems ModelingEconomics of Information SystemsDatabase Management SystemsMathematical ProgrammingSimulation and ModelingCase Studies MethodResearch Methodology…

Minor inArchitecture and Urban PlanningComputer Graphics in ArchitectureMathematical Models in Architectural Design

Decision Support SystemsFirst Trip to Silicon Valley

IBM’s System RSan Jose, CA

Taught me about Databases

Taught me many things

My Inspiration!

I worked as a Programmer for Stuart

P. Orr & Associatesusing a Data General

Minicomputerwith a hierarchical database system

implementing an early form of an ERP system

Professor Leonard Kleinrock

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vuiBTJZfeo8

My Inspiration!

Dissertation –Related to Queueing Theory

人龍

In Chinese

Dissertation –Related to Queueing Theory

From this ?

To this ?

It is more like -Plus the Economicsof Information and

Team’sDecision Making

Jacob Marschak

My Inspiration!

I taught at these two universities before coming to SJSU

1980’s

Who is in charge?

Applications

Framework

Middleware

Data Base

Operating System

HardwareIntel, Oracle (Sun), Apple, IBM, HP, etc.

Windows, Unix, Linux, z/OS, Apple, Solaris, etc.

Oracle, DB2, MySQL, Informix, SQLServer, etc.

Apache, J2EE, IIS, WebSphere, etc.

.NET, Java, PHP, etc.

ERP, SCM, CRM, eCommerce, portal, etc.

ExamplesEnterprise Stack

The Enterprise Stack

*

PHP, Perl, Python

MySQL

Apache

Linux

*

L A M P Stack

A Popular Open Source Stack

Applications

Framework

Middleware

Data Base

Operating System

Hardware

*

Framework

Middleware

Data Base

Operating System

Hardware

*

*

Middleware

Data Base

Operating System

Hardware

SaaSPaaS

IaaSPath?

Path?

A Cloud Variation of Stacks

39

Computing in the 80’s and early 90’s

IBM 390

MVS

CICS

DB2

Apps.

OS 390

ProprietaryVerticalStacks

Server Side

Intel x86

MS Office

Windows

Apps

Desktop

Examples

40

OperatingSystem

IT Industry Trend

Hardware

DBMS

Middleware

Applications

OperatingSystem

ProprietaryVertical

Stack Non-ProprietaryModular Stack

(choices at each level)

Commodity HardwareStandardized Software Components

Interoperability

“Are we there yet?”No!

Hardware

Applications

DBMS

Middleware

41

IT Industry Trend - Driving Factors

• Customers avoid vendor lock-ins– Accept them only if unique value provided

• Customers expect choices throughout hardware and software stack

• Standards (de facto or de jure) reduce switching costs and increase choices

• Some vendors provide these choices• “Good Enough” hardware and software• The “Cheap Revolution”

42

“Commoditizing Down”

Each vendor wants to commoditize “down” the stack to maximize their “wallet share”

Hardware

DBMS

Application

OS

Hardware

DBMS

Application

OS

Hardware

DBMS

Application

OS

Hardware

DBMS

Application

OS

Proprietary layer — limited choice, maximum profit

Commodity layer — maximum choice, minimum profit

goal goalCustomer’s

goal?

Both open source and well-understood standards lead to commoditization

goal

43

“Commoditizing Down” Updated

Each vendor wants to commoditize “down” the stack to maximize their “wallet share”

Hardware

DBMS

Application

OS

Hardware

DBMS

Application

OS

Hardware

DBMS

Application

OS

Hardware

DBMS

Application

OS

Proprietary layer — limited choice, maximum profit

Commodity layer — maximum choice, minimum profit

goalCustomer’s

goal?

Both open source and well-understood standards lead to commoditization

√ √ √

But you are getting SaaS!

goal goal

So, what do you do now?

Service Science

“Surface Science?”

So, what do you do now?

Service Science“We don’t want a country of hairdressers.”

Service Science is short for:

Service Science,Management, and

Engineering (SSME)

What is SSME?

My Inspiration!

Jim SpohrerIBM

Services are anything of economic value that cannot be

dropped on your foot -

This is when my wife told me not to explain what I

do to her friends!

Service Scienceis the study of

Service Systems

just asComputer Science

is the study ofComputer Systems

Service Scienceis the study of

Service Systems

Spohrer, Vargo, Caswell, and Maglio“Service System is the

Basic Abstraction of Service Science”

until

Until I visited the National Science Foundation (NSF) and asked them about potential

funding opportunities

And they asked me where is the Science in Service Science

I did not dare ask them where is the Science in Political

Science

What research are you working on?

Service Patterns

Not -

What research are you working on?

Service Patterns

Not -

Patents

What research are you working on?

Service Patterns

Not -

What research are you working on?

Service Patterns

Not Just

IT Service Management

Or

Hospitality Services

Offer ofService

Intent toTransact

ServiceConsumption

Settlement

Feedback

C

R

M

Marketing

Reservation/Prepayment

ServiceDelivery

Payment

Assessment

Browser

Interested

Buyer

Payer

Concerned

Abandonment

Abandonment

Front Stage Back Stage

Customer Role Sub-Systems

CustomerService

ExperienceServiceProvider

Entities:

DisputeResolution

Acceptance

AdvertisingAwareness

Pre-Sale

Ordering

Invoicing

Payment

Kwan & Min (2008)

Delivery !

A Service Pattern

Recently, we started to use the phrase:

Service Science, Management,Engineering, and Design (SSMED)

Here we go again!

Fin

So what is Design?