l1 faculty of education edu5810 educational policy and planning dr. ramli bin basri room g28, tel:...
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FACULTY OF EDUCATIONEDU5810 EDUCATIONAL POLICY AND PLANNING
DR. RAMLI BIN BASRIROOM G28, TEL: office 03-8946 8248, H/P 019 224 1332 (sms prefered)
E-MEL: [email protected]
COURSE NAME : EDUCATIONAL POLICY AND PLANNING
COURSE NUMBER : EDU5810
CREDIT : 3 (3+0) TOTAL STUDENT LEARNING HOURS : 120
PREREQUISITE : None
LEARNING OUTCOMES
:Students are able to:1. Analyze development in education policy and planning (C5, CTPS)2. Measure the existing education policy and planning (P4, EM)3. Develop education program strategically (A4).
SYNOPSIS :This course covers definitions and development of educational policy and planning, educational planning model and approaches, policy and implementation issues, and designing educational plans.
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COURSE CONTENTSHours of
Face to Face Learning
LECTURES : 1. Introduction to Educational Policy and Planning - Definition of change, reform and educational
innovation- The importance of educational policy and planning
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2. Development of Educational Policy and Planning - Development educational planning- Types of educational planning - Planning of the socialist, capitalist and developing
countries
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3. Approaches to Educational Planning - Demographic, social, economic and political
approaches- Workforce and human resource approaches- Cost effectiveness and benefits approaches
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COURSE CONTENTSHours of
Face to Face Learning
LECTURES : 4. Educational Planning Models- Factors related to educational planning- Steps on educational planning
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5. Acts and Educational Policy - Characteristics of acts and educational policy - Questions, development, decision, analysis and
evaluation on policy - Factors related to policy formulation - Approach to policy and act formulation
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6. Strategic Planning in Education (Theory & Practice)- Vision, mission and strategy - SWOT analysis - Planning strategic education pelan
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COURSE CONTENTSHours of
Face to Face Learning
LECTURES : 7. Strategic Implementation in Education- Diffusion process and plan dissemination- Characteristics of innovators- Assumptions on innovation- Strategy implementation and evaluation plan
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8. Implementation of Policy and Education Plan- Analysis of current issues of educational policies and
plans- Change in culture- Change in mindset
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Total 42
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EVALUATION1. Assignment 1 (pairs) : Jurnal Article Review (Due in week 4-
Saturday 15th Mac 2014)10%
2. Test 1: Education Policy and Planning Lecture 1 – 7 (5-6th April 2014)
20%
3. Group Project (4 per group): Educational Policy Plan OR Strategic Plan Proposal (week 12- Saturday 17th May 2014)
40%
4. Final (24-25th May 2014) 30%
EVALUATION 1 (10%): INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT– REVIEW OF A JURNAL ARTICLE ON EDUCATION POLICY
You are required to search an empirical/conventional research jurnal articles relating to research in education policy (last five years). Based on your understanding of the article prepare a 3 page review based on the following sub-topics:
1. What is the objective of the study and its relevance to education policy?
(4 marks) 2. Prepare a summary the literature review. (4 marks) 3. What is the research instrument and describe how data is collected. (4
marks) 4. What are the major findings of the study (4 marks).
EVALUATION 1 (10%): GROUP ASSIGNMENT– REVIEW OF A JURNAL ARTICLES ON EDUCATION POLICY
5. What is the contribution of the study to education policy in theory or
practice? (4 marks) Please ensure your submission has a cover page (EDU 5810: E1- individual Assigment: Review Of A Jurnal Articles On Education Policy; Tittle of Article; Name; matrix number; Name of Lecturer: Dr. Ramli Basri); your review paper and a copy of the article. Submit your review (Due in week 4-Saturday 15th Mac 2014).
IF YOU WANT YOUR ARTICLE TO BE ENDORSED, E-MEL TO [email protected]
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EVALUATION 2 (20%): WRITTEN TEST
1 hour test Covering Lecture 1 - 7 1. 30 multiple choice questions (10 marks)2. 3 essay questions answer only one (10 marks)
5-6th April 2014.
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EVALUATION 3 (40%): GROUP ASSIGNMENT 2 – POLICY PLANNING OR STARATEGIC PLANNING
In a group of 4 persons, you are required to prepare an educational policy plan OR strategic plan. Choose an educational problem of your interest to prepare the plan. Policy plan model and strategic educational planning model discussed in the lectures shall guide you in preparing the plan.
As a guide, each assignment must be reported in written form using Times New Roman, Font 12 and margin 1.5 with an estimated total of 5,000 words or 15 pages. Present your assigment in week 10 and Submit your assigment in week 12.
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REFERENCES
1. Darling-Gammond, L., & Bransford, J. (2005). Preparing Teachers for a Changing World. : Jossey-Bass.
2. Fullan, M. (2008). The Six Secrets of Change. San Francisso: Jossey-Bass.
3. Herold, D., & Fedor, D. (2008). Change the Way You Lead Change. : Palo Alto: Stanford University Press.
4. Ibrahim Bajunid (2008). : From Traditional to Smart Schools : The Malaysian Educational Odyssey. Shah Alam: Fajar Sdn. Bhd.
5. Sullivan, W., & Rosin, M. (2008). A New Agenda for Higher Education: Shaping a Life of the Mind for Practice. : Jossey-Bass.
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REFERENCES
6 Kaufman, R., Herman,J.,&Watters,K.,(2002), Educational Planning: Strategic, Tactical, and Operational, Scarecrow Education Book.
7 Wendell, M., (2009), Planning for Education Change : Putting People and their Contexts First, Continuum International Publishing Group
8 Prime Minister Office, (2010), The Tenth Malaysia Plan, Putrajaya.
9 Ministry of Education Malaysia, (2003), Education Development Plan 2001-2010, Putrajaya.
10 Prime Minister Office, (2010), Government Transformation Programme : The Roadmap, Putrajaya.
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Bates, J., Lewis, S., & Pickard., A., (2011), Education Policy, Practice and the Professional, Continuum International Publishing GroupMEB 2013-2025
LECTURER : DR. RAMLI BIN BASRI JABATAN ASAS PENDIDIKAN FAKULTI PENGAJIAN PENDIDIKAN UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA
EMAIL : [email protected]
TEL : 03-8946 8248 HP : 019 – 224 1332 (sms prefered )
Notes prepared by:1. Dr. Ramli Bin Basri2. PM Dr. Mohd Majid Konting3. Prof Tan Sri Dato Sri Dr. Hj Mohd Nasir Bin Mohd Ashraf
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15EDU5905 RB/50
EDUCATION TRANSFORMATION
EDUCATION IN MALAYSIA
Content –Education Policy Overview1. Background and History of Malaysia2. Education Prior to Independence3. Formation of National Education System4. Education Statistics5. Education Development and Expenditure
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INTRODUCTIONMalaysia occupies the southernmost peninsula of
Southeast Asia and the northern one-third of Borneo
It became a nation on September 16, 1963 when Sabah and Sarawak joined Malaysia which had earlier gained independence from the British on August 31, 1957 to form a single federation
Malaysia has a democratically elected Government with a constitution monarch.
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• Malaysia – multi-ethnic population• Population : 28.3 million
Peninsular Malaysia – 22.6 million Sabah – 3.2 million
Sarawak – 2.5 million• Population Growth Rate : 2.0 %• Life Expectancy at Birth : Male – 71.67
Female – 76.46 • Age Structure 0 – 14 years – 9.0 million 15 – 59 years – 17.3 million
60 years and above – 2.0 million• Labor force : 12.142 million (42.9 % of population) 20
YEAR 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Real Growth Rate (%)
GDP5.3 5.8 6.3 4.6 -1.7 7.2 5.1 5.6 4.7
Per Capita (USD)GNP
5,038 5,694 6,724 7,738 6,812 9,333 9,693 9,755
Average household
income
4045 5000
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HISTORY
• Early Malay Kingdom of Malacca fell to the Portuguese in 1511
• The Dutch defeated the Portuguese and conquered Malacca in 1641
• After that it was the British who colonized all of Malaysia (except for a brief period of Japanese occupation from 1941-1945).
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EDUCATION PRIOR TO INDEPENDENCE 1786-1957
• The British encouraged mass immigration of workers from China and India to work in the tin mines and rubber plantations respectively.
• Rapid urban development took place during the blooming colonial economy
• The Malays remained in rural areas, urban areas were dominated by the Chinese and a minority of Indians who eventually controlled commerce and industry
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EDUCATION PRIOR TO INDEPENDENCE 1786-1957
Schools were established by1. British colonial government2. Moslem and Christians missionaries3. Ethnic communities (Chinese, Malays, Indians)
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EDUCATION PRIOR TO INDEPENDENCE 1786-1957
Types of school1. English schools2. Vernacular schools
• Malays• Chinese• Tamil• Islamic
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EDUCATION PRIOR TO INDEPENDENCE 1786-1957
Common features of schools1. Different curriculum2. Different examinations3. Different language of instruction4. Different education philosophy and orientation5. Decentralized (governance & finance)
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FEATURES OF SCHOOLS BEFORE INDEPENDENCE
COMPOSITION OF SCHOOLS MALAYA
English schools use English as the
medium of instruction, English
curriculum, textbooks and teachers are
imported from the country of origin.
Malay schools - use English and Malay
language as the medium of
instruction, English curriculum,
textbooks and teachers are
imported from the UK or
Malaya/Indonesia.
Chinese School s- Chinese language as a medium of
instruction, curriculum from
Chinese Mainland and Taiwan, books
and lectures are imported from the country of origin
Tamil and Punjabi School s - Tamil
and Punjabi language as the
medium of instruction,
curriculum from India, books and
lectures are imported from the country of origin
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FORMATION OF NATIONAL EDUCATION SYSTEM
1. Barnes Report (1951a)
– Recommended that all existing schools should be transformed into National schools in which children of the various ethnic groups would be taught through the medium of instruction in Malay and English
– Not surprisingly, the Chinese saw the Barnes Committee proposal as an attempt to eliminate their languages and cultural identities and protested vehemently against it 28
FORMATION OF NATIONAL EDUCATION SYSTEM
2. Fenn–Wu Report 1957b– Chinese schools to be retained and oriented to
Malayan education – Provided under Education Ordinance 1952
3. Razak Report 1956- National education system for national integration –
- Provided under Education Ordinance 1957
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FORMATION OF NATIONAL EDUCATION SYSTEM
4. Rahman Talib Report 1961– Policy English to Malay medium of instruction – Provided under Education Act 1962
5.Cabinet Report 1979 - Current National Education System - Provided under Education Act 19966.Private Higher Education Act 1996 –
Liberalization of higher education.30
COMMON FEATURES OF NATIONAL EDUCATION SYSTEM
1. National unity
2. National Language as main medium of instruction (Mandarin in Chinese primary, Tamil in Indian primary schools)
3. Common curriculum
4. Common examination
5. National education philosophy
6. Centralized (governance and finance for govt. institutions)
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NATIONAL EDUCATION SYSTEM• Pre-school
• Primary
• Lower Secondary
• Upper Secondary
• Post Secondary
• Higher Education
(Comprises govt, govt aided and private schools or education institutions-exception: expatriate & international schools)
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NATIONAL EDUCATION PHILOSOPHY
Education in Malaysia is an on-going effort towards further developing the potential of individuals in a holistic and integrated manner so as to produce individuals who are intellectually, spiritually, emotionally and physically balanced and harmonious, based on a firm belief in and devotion to God. Such an effort is designed to produce Malaysian citizens who are knowledgeable and competent, who possess high moral standards, and who are responsible and capable of achieving high level of personal well-being as well as being able to contribute to the betterment of the family, the society and the nation at large.
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OBJECTIVES OF NATIONAL EDUCATION
• To produce a loyal and united Malaysian nation
• To produce faithful, well-mannered, knowledgeable,
competent and prosperous individuals
• To produce the nation’s human resource for
development needs
• To provide educational opportunities for all Malaysians
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Source: Education in Malaysia, MOE
Lower Secondary
PostSecondary
PrimaryForm 1 - 3
National
Matriculation
College
Polytechnic
Year 1 – 6
National Type (Chinese)
National Type (Tamil)
RemoveClass
(1 year)
Academic
Upper SecondaryForm 4 - 5
Technical / Voc.
Higher Education
Employment
Free & CompulsoryEducation
Academic
Sports
Religious
Arts
Age = 6+ to 11+ Age = 12+ to 14+
Age = 15+ to 16+Age = 17+ to 18+
PreschoolAge = 4+ to 6+
EDUCATION SYSTEM
Form 6
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Source: Education in Malaysia, MOE
Primary LowerSecondary
UpperSecondary
PostSecondary
Higher Education
Year 1 - 6Form 1 - 3
Form 4 - 5
Primary SchoolAssessment
U P S R
P M RLower
SecondaryAssessment
Form 6
SPMMalaysian
Of EducationCertificate
STPMMalaysian HigherSchool Certificate
EDUCATION SYSTEM : CENTRALIZED EXAMINATION
STAMMalaysian HigherSchool Certificate(Religious Education) 38
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Number of Schools Primary Secondary Total7744 2347 10091
Enrolment Male Female TotalPreschool 97295 94877 192172Primary 1410925 1332064 2742989Secondary 1145718 1174569 2320287
Subtotal 2653938 2601510 5255448
Teachers Primary 72162 165330 237492Secondary 55433 122379 177812
Subtotal 127595 287709 415304
GOVERNMENT AND GOVERNMENT–ASSISTED SCHOOLS 2013
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
PRIMARY ENROL 3 035 177 3 004 626 2 959 092 2 899 228 2 860 340
6+ - 11+ POPULATION 3 220 630 3 197 320 3 137 055 3 076 623 3 029 413
ENROL RATE 94.24 5 93.97% 94.33% 94.23% 94.42%
LOWER SEC ENROL 1 362 811 1 397 161 1 402 505 1 409 027 1 385 574
12+ - 14+ POPULATION 1 608 016 1 618 836 1 621 251 1 624 112 1 609 795
ENROL RATE 84.75 86.31 86.51 86.76 86.07
UPPER SEC ENROL 777 484 808 335 826 833 833 313 837 288
15+-16+ POPULATION 1 016 691 1 040 002 1 070 362 1 079 541 1 076 949
ENROL RATE 76.47 77.72 77.25 77.19 77.75
POST SEC ENROL 354 869 162 249 161 447 156 140 168 807
17+ - 18+ POPULATION 984 681 978 504 1 016 691 1 040 002 1 070 362
ENROL RATE 36.04 16.58 15.88 15.01 15.77
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PARTICIPATION RATES IN GOVERNMENT AND GOVERNMENT –ASSISTED EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS BY
LEVELS OF EDUCATION (2005-2011)
Agency 2006 2008 2009 2011
MOE 106 290 149 178 154 682 176822
ABIM 10 112 10 091 11 306 8351
State Religious Department 25 316 22 919 24 768 24 934
National Unity Department 37 431 38 549 39 723 40 640
KEMAS 195 314 172 575 187 024 209 902
Private 306 731 339 542 362 264 234 298
Total 681 194 732 854 779 767 696 958
ENROLMENT IN PRE-SCHOOLS BY AGENCY 2006 - 2011
Source: Malaysia Educational Statistic, EPRD, MOE. 42
Type of Schools 2006 2008 2009 2011
National 2 394 813 2 401 187 2 371 209 2 316 977
National Type (C) 638 136 637 777 626 350 607 853
National Type (T) 101 882 108 176 108 867 106 466
Special Education 1 810 1 752 1 827 1 770
Special Model nr 1 096 1 055 na
Sports nr 3 3 na
Government-Aided Religious Schools nr 4 099 4 463 5896
Total 3 136 641 3 154 090 3 113 774 3 038 962
Source: Malaysia Educational Statistics, EPRD, MOE.
Note : Including enrolment of pre-schools and year 4-6 students in Special Model and Sports Schools
ENROLMENT IN PRIMARY SCHOOLS 2006 - 2011
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Source: Malaysia Educational Statistics, EPRD, MOE.
Note : nr = no record
Type of Schools 2006 2008 2009 2011
Regular 2 074 326 2 112 999 2 143 427 2 145 349
Fully Residential 33 234 33 289 34 088 38 102
Religious 39 227 38 865 38 530 39 473
Technical 69 302 69 006 59 406 20 628
Vocational 214 31 009
Special Education 688 773 651 681
Special Model 10 293 11 948 7 181
Sports 996 921 866
Arts nr 343 497
Government –Aided Religious School nr 42 581 47 041 52 185
Total 2 228 066 2 310 725 2 331 901 2 327 427
ENROLMENT IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS 2006 - 2011
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Type of Schools 2006 2008 2009 2011
National 5 777 5 788 5805 5854
National Type (C) 1 288 1 290 1292 1291
National Type (T) 523 523 523 523
Special Education 28 28 28 28
Government –Aided Religious School nr 16 16 18
Total 7 616 7 645 7 664 7714
Source: Malaysia Educational Statistics, EPRD, MOE.
nr = no record
NUMBER OF PRIMARY SCHOOLS 2006 - 2011
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Type of Schools 2006 2008 2009 2011
Regular 1 831 1 845 1859 1916
Fully Residential 54 54 57 61
Religious 55 55 55 56
Special Education 4 4 4 4
Technical 90 90 90 34
Vocational 1 54
Special Model 11 11 11 11
Sports 2 2 2 2
Arts nr 2 2 2
Government –Aided Religious School nr 118 138 142
Total 2 047 2 181 2 219 2282
Source: Malaysia Educational Statistics, EPRD, MOE.
nr = no record
NUMBER OF SECONDARY SCHOOLS 2006 - 2011
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2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Primary 16.5 16.1 15.7 14.2 14 13.7 13.38
Secondary 16.2 16.2 15.5 14.5 13.7 13.38 13.12
Source: Malaysia Educational Statistics, EPRD, MOE.
PUPIL-TEACHER RATIO IN SCHOOLS UNDER THE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION (2005-2011)
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2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Primary 31 30 30 28 28 29.60
29.38
Secondary 32 32 31 31 30 30.02
29.75
Source: Malaysia Educational Statistics, EPRD, MOE.
AVERAGE CLASS SIZE (AVERAGE NUMBER OF PUPILS PER CLASS) IN SCHOOLS UNDER THE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION
(2005-2011)
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Source: Malaysia Educational Statistics, EPRD, 2007.
• Social Studies• Civics & Citizenship Education• Living Skills
PRIMARY 1-3
Malay LanguageEnglish LanguageChinese ( Language & Communication ) Tamil ( Language & Communication ) Communication ArabicIban ( starting from Year 3 )Semai ( starting from Year 3 )MathematicsIslamic EducationMoral EducationScienceMusic EducationVisual Arts EducationPhysical EducationHealth Education
PRIMARY 4-6
LIST OF SUBJECT AT THE PRIMARY SCHOOL
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CORE SUBJECTS ADDITIONAL SUBJECTS
• CHINESE LANGUAGE
• TAMIL LANGUAGE
• COMMUNICATION ARABIC
• IBAN LANGUAGE
• FRENCH
• JAPANESE
• GERMAN
• BAHASA MALAYSIA
• ENGLISH LANGUAGE
• SCIENCE
• MATHEMATICS
• ISLAMIC EDUCATION
• MORAL EDUCATION
• GEOGRAPHY
• HISTORY
• VISUAL ART EDUCATION
• MUSIC EDUCATION
• PHYSICAL EDUCATION
• CIVICS & CITIZENSHIP EDUCATION
• LIVING SKILLS
• HEALTH EDUCATION
LIST OF SUBJECT AT THE SECONDARY LEVEL
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Type of Schools Graduate Non-graduate
Untrained& Others Total
National 48 015 122 599 6 012 176 626
National Type (C) 5843 25 867 4 219 35 927
National Type (T) 1 418 5 655 1 568 8 641
Government –Aided Religious School 60 85 219 364
Special Education 231 474 0 705
Total (Percentage) 55 567(25%)
154 680(70%)
12 018(5%) 222 265
Source: Malaysia Educational Statistics, EPRD, MOE.
NUMBER AND PERCENTAGE OF TEACHERS IN PRIMARY SCHOOLS BY TYPE OF TRAINING 2009
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Type of Schools Graduate College Untrained& Others Total
Regular** 128 320 13 783 8 257 150 360
Fully Residential 3 230 98 0 3 328
Religious 3 127 206 59 3 392
Special Education 185 25 1 211
Technical 6 380 1 407 67 7 854
Sports 161 13 0 174
Special Model 776 115 56 947
Art 65 4 6 75
Government –Aided Religious School 1 736 692 1 367 3 795
Total 143 980(84.6%)
16 343(9.6%)
9 813(5.8%) 170 136
NUMBER OF TEACHERS IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS BY TYPE OF TRAINING 2009*
** Data exclude teachers (1) seconded to semi-government agencies, state religious schools and other agencies, (2) teachers on study leave with full-pay or half-pay, and (3) teachers in pool
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Source: Malaysia Educational Statistic, EPRD, MOE
Schools Number of Schools
Number of Teachers Enrolment
People Religious Primary Schools 26 758 8 220
People Religious Secondary Schools 93 1 734 23 911
State Religious Primary Schools 8 224 3 094
State Religious Secondary Schools 65 2 889 62 128
MARA Junior Science Colleges 43 2 801 28 578
Royal Military College 1 59 466
SCHOOLS BY OTHER GOVERNMENT AGENCIES
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INTAKE, ENROLMENT & OUTPUT IN HIGHER EDUCATION
20 Public Universities
Level Intake Enrolment Output
Matriculation 6,957 10,242 4,509
Certificate 1,470 1,349 166
Diploma 26,255 83,833 18,321
Bachelor 75,127 270,156 59,844
Post Grad Dip 1,779 2,956 2,065
Master 16,158 36,094 8,655
PhD 3,644 12,243 785
Profesional 450 1,249 196
Other 1,260 1,212 81
Sub Total 133,100 419,334 94,62254
INTAKE, ENROLMENT & OUTPUT IN HIGHER EDUCATION
Private HEI (37 Universities, 488 Non-Universities, Total 525)
Level Intake Enrolment Output
Certificate 47,875 60,617 18,269
Diploma 91,483 177,773 32,685
Bachelor 43,261 151,591 26,590
Master 2,924 8,540 962
PhD 303 1,331 55
Sub Total 185,846 399,852 78,561
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INTAKE, ENROLMENT & OUTPUT IN HIGHER EDUCATION
27 Polytechnics
Level Intake Enrolment Output
Certificate 15,019 30,861 13,723
Diploma 25,555 54,419 19,060
Sub Total 40,574 85,280 32,783
43 Community Colleges
Certificate 9,181 16,289 5,287
Diploma 468 793 279
Sub Total 9,649 17,082 5,566
GRAND TOTAL 369,169 921,548 211,532
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PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES 2008
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Universities Intake Enrolment Graduates
University of Malaya 9 429 14 566 7 285
Science University of Malaysia 7 203 26 690 7 038
National University of Malaysia 8 344 26 698 6 749
Putra University of Malaysia 9 017 29 063 7 942
Technological University of Malaysia 8 595 38 892 9 205
Northern University of Malaysia 8 668 34 643 4 065
International Islamic University of Malaysia 9 069 26 561 7 226
Sarawak University of Malaysia 1 986 6 687 1 593
Sabah University of Malaysia 4 514 16 848 3 312
Sultan Idris University of Malaysia 3 477 14 409 4 191
PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES 2008Universities Intake Enrolment Graduates
MARA University of Technology 48 046 129 219 27 475
Darul Iman University of Malaysia 1 650 5 029 1 443
Terengganu University of Malaysia 2 123 5 923 1 616
Islamic Science University of Malaysia 1 801 4 951 286
Tun Hussien Onn University of Malaysia 2 523 7 202 1 979
Malacca Technical University of Malaysia 2 009 5 860 1 265
Pahang University of Malaysia 1 724 5 484 876
Perlis University of Malaysia 1 614 5 302 654
Kelantan University of Malaysia 356 615 0
National Defence University of Malaysia 952 1 238 422
TOTAL 133 100 419 384 94 62258
ENROLMENT BY LEVEL BY GENDER IN PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES
Level Male Female Total
Matriculation 4,265 5,977 10,242
Certificate 571 778 1,349
Diploma 34,940 49,887 83,833
Bachelor 101,715 168,441 270,156
Post Grad Dip 1,008 1,948 2,956
Master 17,063 19,031 36,094
PhD 7,526 4,717 12,243
Profesional 470 779 1,244
Other 777 435 1,212
Total 167,341 (39.9%) 251,993 (60.1%) 419,334
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ENROLMENT BY FIELD OF STUDY BY GENDER IN PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES
Field Male Female Total
Education 12,628 28,828 38,690
Arts & Soc Science 61,033 126,350 171,912
Science 25,681 47,729 69,786
Technical 57,130 35,375 83,326
ICT 10,424 13,361 20,935
Other 341 421 762
Total 167,341 251,193 419,334
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ACADEMIC STAFF IN HIGHER EDUCATION
Academic Staff
Institution Number Male Female Total
Public University 20 12,531 12,553 25,084
Private University 37 NA NA 6,847
Pri Higher Educ Inst 488 NA NA 11,234
Polytechnics 27 2,680 3,363 6,043
Community Colleges43 721 935 1,656
Total 615 50,864
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EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT MASTER PLAN 2006-2010
SIX STRATEGIC THRUSTS1. Nation Building2. Human Capital Development3. Strengthening National Schools4. Reducing Education Gap5. Improving the Prestige of the Teaching Profesion6. Promoting Institutional Excellence
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NKRA: INCREASE ENROLMENT & QUALITY OF PRESCHOOL
1. Establish National Committee and Pre-School Div in MOE
2. National Pre-School Curriculum – 20103. Harmonise per capita grants 4. Improve quality of teachers and 30,000
new teachers5. Increase pre-school classes to 10,0006. Increase public-private partneships7. Develop pre-school information system
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STRATEGIES: INCREASE ENROLMENT & QUALITY OF PRESCHOOL
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NKRA: INCREASE LITERACY & NUMERACY SKILLS
1. Screening of children 3 times a year – children placed into LINUS or special education program
2. Develop new literacy and numeracy modules 3. LINUS training 17,000 teachers (2009-2010)4. Building commitment of stakeholders5. Intensive monitoring & supervision of bottom
10% schools6. Placement of expert facilitators at districts
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STRATEGIES: INCREASE LITERACY & NUMERACY SKILLS
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NKRA: NEW DEAL FOR SCHOOLS
1. Applicable to all government schools2. Performance based on composite score,
Grade Point Average (70%) and Standard for Quality Education Malaysia (30%)
3. All schools (10,000) will be ranked in performance (2010 onwards)
4. Schools will be eligible for rewards based on target performance rankings
5. Financial and non financial rewards
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STRATEGIES: NEW DEAL FOR SCHOOLS
6. Financial rewards for teachers, head teachers and principals
10% bottom performers will be provided with training and mentoring or else tranfers or voluntary seperation.
www.pemandu.gov.my/etp 70
STRATEGIES: NEW DEAL FOR SCHOOLS
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NKRA: HIGH PERFORMANCE SCHOOLS
1. Increase autonomy in decision making, flexibility in adapting curriculum and instruction methods, selection & redeployment of teachers and funds
2. Financial incentives for schools, school leaders, teachers and staff
3. Greater options for human capital development
4. Option for high achievers to advance faster
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STRATEGIES: HIGH PERFORMANCE SCHOOLS
SCHOOLS TRANSFORMATION PROGRAM
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SCHOOLS7,655 PRIMARY2189 SECODARY
TOTAL 9,844
CLUSTERS OF EXCELLENCE
SCHOOLS
HIGH PERFORMANCE
SCHOOLS SCHOOL RATING:
1. Ethos2. Character3. Exceptional in
all aspects of education
4. Academic excellence
5. Recognitions6. Alumni support7. International
networking
INCENTIVES1. Financial2. Options on
human capital development
3. Accelerated promotion for student
4. Promotion for principal and teachers
However, we are facing NEW
Malaysia’s rank in TIMSS 8th grade performance
Science Maths
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TIMSS 2007
TIMSS 2011
challenges
—particularly on quality as we
enter the 21st century
52 5359 PISA 2011
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Quality aspiration: Top third of countries in international assessments by PISA rankings
In 15 years… top third
Today…bottom third
Bulgaria
Kazakhstan
Romania
ColumbiaMexico
Trinidad and Tobago
MalaysiaUnited Kingdom Australia
Taiwan CanadaSingapore
Malaysia
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Malaysia as the fastest improving education system globally
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EDUCATION TRANSFORMATION (2013 – 2025)
1. Provide equal access to quality education of international standard
2. Ensure every child is proficient in Malay and English language
3. Develop values-driven Malaysians4. Transform teaching into the
profesion of choice5. Ensure high performing school
leaders in every school6. Empower SED, DEO & schools to
customize solutions based on needs
EDUCATION TRANSFORMATION (2013 – 2025)
7. Leverage ICT to scale up quality learning across Malaysia
8. Transform Ministry delivery, capabilities and capacity
9. Partner with parents, community and private sector at scale
10. Maximize student outcome for every Ringgit
11. Increase transparency for public accountability.
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HIGHER EDUCATION STRATEGIC PLAN, TOWARDS 2020
SEVEN STRATEGIC THRUSTS1. Increasing Access and Equity2. Improving Teaching and Learning Quality3. Enhancing Research and Innovation4. Strengthening Higher Education Institutions5. Increasing Internationalization 6. Enculturation of life long learning7. Strengthening Delivery by Min of Higher
Education. 86
ENHANCING PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES
87
SPECIALIZED UNIVERSITIES(Technical, Education,
Management, Defense)
COMPREHENSIVE UNIVERSITIES
RESEARCH UNIVERSITIES
RATING
By 2020One in world top 50 Three in world top
100
Current StatusOne in world top
200 Three in world top
400• Specialized field• Competitive entry• Quality lecturers• 70 undergrad: 30
postgrad
APEX UNIVERSITIES
• Comprehensive field
• Competitive entry• Quality lecturers• 70 undergrad: 30
postgrad
• Research focused field
• Competitive entry• Quality lecturers• 50 undergrad: 50
postgrad
World renown/top class status
ENROLMENT BY LEVEL OF EDUCATION FOR AGES 17-23 YEARS
Level 2003 2005 2007 2010 2015 2020
Post Sec 158,459 235,740 296,900 351,700 388,300 428,700
Pub Coll 140,999 200,100 234,200 250,500 304,800 370,800
Pub Univ 280,037 310,500 336,900 371,700 458,300 552,600
Pri HE 337,949 336,900 371,100 465,700 567,800 685,800
Overseas 62,301 56,800 50,000 50,000 50,000 50,000
Total 979,745 1,140,040 1,289,100 1,485,600 1,759,200 2,087,900
Pop 17-23 yrs 3,277,338 3,399,200 3,510,200 3,628,300 3,840,900 4,147,000
Percentage 29 33 36 40 45 50
88
EDUCATION EXPENDITURE2005 2006 2008 2009 2011
% Educ Exp to Gov Exp
19.7 20.5 16.7 15.1 16.71
% Educ Exp to GNP 5.4 5.6 4.5 4.1 4.44
Capital Exp (RM Bilion)
2.567 4.112 3.510 4.503 6.402
Current Exp (RM Bilion)
22.740 25.242 26.028 27.350 29.360
Total (RM Bilion) 25.307 29.354 29.538 31.403 35.762
% Capital Exp 10 14 12 13 17.9
% Current Exp 90 86 88 87 82.1
89
SEKIAN TERIMA KASIH
90