L4: Revolutionary Changes in Social Life: Changes in the Meaning of Work

AgendaObjective: To understand…1. What working conditions were like in

the factory system.2. How these working conditions

differed from what work was like under the domestic system

3. How and why working conditions became a means of controlling workers both physically, psychologically, and morally.

4. How the meaning of work changed for both workers and employers under the factory system.

Schedule: 1. Catch up / Questions fro Last Class!2. Discussion: Work in the Factory

System

Homework:

1.Please see unit schedule. No modifications to homework assignments at this time.

REMINDER: First process check in due Friday!

Catching Up

• How did things go yesterday?• Any questions regarding the French

Revolution?

What is Modernity?

• Consider the changes/ideals/

structures/values brought about the Industrial Revolution and the French Revolution together: What is Modernity?

Modern World History• The world ushered in by these two revolutions is the subject matter for our course this year.• The ideals, structures, values, and beliefs brought forth by these revolutions become the dominant ideals, structures, values, and beliefs of the modern era • Our project for the year is to understand how these ideals,

structures, values, and beliefs have shifted and changed over the course of modern world history.

Where We Go From Here• This unit will look at how

these ideals, structures, values, and beliefs took shape during the Industrial Revolution and French Revolution.

• We will probe in greater depth the revolutionary changes that took place in social, economic, and political life during this time.

• We will “tee up” the influence they will come to have on the rest of modern world history.

Work in the Factory System Discussion

Mill Clock

• Many mills have a clock turned by the mill; close to another clock regulated by a pendulum, and the motion of the mill is so regular, that these two clocks will never vary more than two or three minutes. Both are made with dials and hands exactly alike, but one has a title on the dial, mill time, and the other, clock time.

- The Rees Cyclopedia (1802-1820)

The Mill Clock

Victorian clock from Pyemore Mill, near Bridport, DorsetJ.M. Richards, The Functional Tradition in Early Industrial Buildings, 109

clock timemill time,

as measured

by waterwheel

The Factory As Machine

• Individual machines as coordinated parts of larger, continuously operating mechanism– Central power source (whether water or

steam) driving all machines at coordinated rates (allude to other forms of organization made possible by small electric motors)

– Inherent in factory itself and reinforced by every step of increased mechanization

What Happens to the Worker in A Factory

Machine?