La Côte d‘Ivoire

Semestre IDI: Groupe Zeus

Flore Lafargue Frédéric BaleizaoCaroline Baquer Rémi OlivariCharles Valet Ravi Salé

SommaireSommaire

Geography, resources and infrastructures

History and politic

Culture

Press review

Motto: Union, discipline, work

Ivory Coast Ivory Coast locationlocation

General InformationGeneral InformationGeneral information

Prés.: Laurent Ghagbo

20 M inhabitants (+2,1%)

322461 km2

64 inhabitants/km2

PNB(2007): $19B (987$/inh.)

Life expectancy: 55

Sex ratio: ≈1.03male/woman

Birth rate: 32‰ (4 babies/woman)

Mortality rate: 10,78‰

Child Mort. Rate: 68‰

Language: French+64 native languages

Currency: Franc CFA

Political capital

economical capital

Regional Regional topography and topography and

ClimateClimate

Mostly flat terrain

More montaneous: Mt Nimba (1752m)

Huge savanna

Plains and plateaux: 100m-

500m

Humid and warmAverage temperature:

28°C

Subequatorial25-30°C

80-90% humidityHigh

precipitation2 dry seasons& 2humid seasons

Humid Tropical climate: also 4 seasons; 60-

70%hum;Precip.:1200mm3

/y

Arid Tropical climate: 2 seasons;

40-50%hum;

TERRAIN

Elephants herd in Comoé national parc

Beautiful beaches

Ressources & Ressources & EconomieEconomie

Natural ressources: petroleum, natural gas, diamonds, manganese, iron ore, cobalt, bauxite, copper, gold, nickel, tantalum, silica sand, clay, cocoa beans, coffee, palm oil, hydropower

Land use :arable land: 10.23% permanent crops: 11.16% other: 78.61% (2005)

Irrigated land: 730 sq km (2003)

Total renewable water resources: 81 cu km (2001)

Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):

total: 0.93 cu km/yr (24%/12%/65%)

per capita: 51 cu m/yr (2000)

Natural hazards: during the rainy season torrential flooding is possible

Environment - current issues:

deforestation (most of the country's forests - once the largest in West Africa - have been heavily logged); water pollution from sewage and industrial and agricultural effluents

•Largest world producer of cocoa beans and palm oil

•Diversification of production2006: oil 1 gaz activity > cocoa activity

•200,000 crude oil barrels/d

•Civil war damages the economy:-15% per capita income

•GDP 2002:2%•GDP 2008:3%

coffee, cocoa beans, bananas, palm kernels, corn, rice, manioc (tapioca), sweet potatoes, sugar, cotton, rubber; timber

foodstuffs, beverages; wood products, oil refining, truck and bus assembly, textiles, fertilizer, building materials, electricity, ship construction and repair

goods imports exports

electricity 0 kWh 772 M kWh

gaz 0 0

oil 81 bbl/d 116 bbl/d

other fuel, capital equipment, foodstuffs

cocoa, coffee, timber, petroleum, cotton, bananas, pineapples, palm oil, fish

Countries involved Nigeria 31.5%, France 14.9%, China 7.2% (2008)

Germany 10.9%, US 10.1%, Netherlands 9.7%, Nigeria 9.3%, France 6.4%, Burkina Faso 4% (2008)

$1.3B $1B

Ressources & Ressources & EconomieEconomie

Facilities: HealthFacilities: HealthSanitary conditions

Main diseases:

3,9% HIV (adult prevalence rate)

Food or waterborn diseases:Diarhea, Hepatitis A, Typhoid Fever

Vectorborn diseases: Malaria, Yellow Fever Animal contact: Rabie

Health facilities:

4 CHU in 10/19 regions

CHR in other regions

Other sanitary formation centers at Abidjan & Bouaqué

Low staff and equipment resources

1 doctor for 10,000 inh. 1 nurse for 2,500 inh.

A still concerning situation

Facilities: Facilities: TransportationTransportation

Airports: 28 (7 paved airports)

Railway: 660km+622km into Burkina Fasso

Roadways: 80,000 km (6500 paved roads)

Waterways: 980km(navigable rivers, canals, coastal lagoons

Ports & terminals: Abidjan, Espoir, San Pedro.

Pipelines: Condensate Gas (180 Km) Oil (92 Km)

Facilities: Education 1992: mostly a state education system: 26% scolarship

Over the past years: creation of private technical formation: ENSTP, INSET

Technical schools gathered in INPHB

2004-2005: 149 superior formation & research centers; 146,500 students; 35%girls

Old facilities; understaffed, formation unfitted to the labour market

2008: 4M youngs without formation and jobs

Envisionned solution: create jobs; adapt education to the labour market, encourage enterprising, train the teaching body

Ivory Ivory Coast’s Coast’s

History(1/3History(1/3))

Pre-colonial history:

Population moves

Kingdoms

Colonization:

Trusteeship treaties

Samory Toure

Independence: Félix Houphouët Boigny

Politic and modern history

SenoufoMalinké

Malinké

Dan + Gouro

Koulango

Abron

Sanwi

NdenyéAkan

Krou

Ivory Coast’s Ivory Coast’s History(2/3)History(2/3)

1471: Portuguese are the 1st Europeans

End of XV century until end of XVIII:

Triangular Trade

More relations with France

Explorers Kingdoms Trusteeship treaties

1890-1898 War against Samory Toure

1893 Ivory Coast become a colony

1895 Creation of “Afrique Occidentale Française”

Ivory Coast’s Ivory Coast’s History(3/3)History(3/3)

1944: Brazzaville’ Conference

1946: Félix Houphouët Boigny

Forced work is abolished

RDA: Rass. Dem. Africain

2 Août 1960: Independence

1982-1984: Crises + Exchange rates decreasing

1987: Insolvability

1989: New exchange rates drop down

+ IMF’s leaded restriction measures

Ivory Coast‘s Ivory Coast‘s Politic(1/3)Politic(1/3)

PDCI-RDA : Parti Démocratique de Côte D’Ivoire Houphouët Boigny + Henri Konan Bédié

UDPCI: Union pour la Démocratie et la Paix

Robert Guéi

FPI: Front Populaire Ivoirien

Laurent Gbagbo

RDR: Rassemblement des républicains

Alassane Ouattara

Ivory Coast‘s Ivory Coast‘s Politic(2/3)Politic(2/3)

1990 Multi-Party system + Gbagbo 18%

1993 Félix Houphouët Boigny’s death

Transition is assured by Konan Bédié who is elected in 1995 with 96,44% of all votes

1999 Putsch leaded by Robert Guéi

2000 He claims himself winner of the elections but the population

refuses and

brings Gbagbo to the presidency

2000-2002 “Ivority” Crisis

Ivory Coast‘s Ivory Coast‘s Politic(3/3)Politic(3/3)

2002 Putsch attempt+ Robert Guéi is killed in Abidjan

New rebel army creation who controls 60% of the country (North Part)

French interposition forces: Licorne

Reconciliation + successive adjournment of 2005’s election until 2010

ReligionReligion The country is non-religious

A great religious diversity :

- Islam : 38%

- Catholicism : 22%

- Protestantism : 5.5%

- Traditional religions : 17%

- Other : 17%

A peaceful cohabitation between the religions

Ivoirian traditionsIvoirian traditions Côte d’Ivoire is said to be the “country of

hospitality”

Great respect of the past and ancestor’s cult

Oral tradition : very developed

Very structured social order

Respect of taboos, solidarity and clan spirit

GastronomyGastronomy A great diversity of food in Côte d’Ivoire !

Some specialities :

- foutou , aloko, roasted chicken…

- Beverage : bissap, niamakou, tchapalo…

Typical in Côte d’Ivoire : “maquis”

CraftsCrafts Craft industry is very developed : basket-

making, pottery, woodcrafts, ivory, gold

Typical music instruments : balafon, djembe, kora

Masks and statues

Political news : Political news : Post-crisis Post-crisis electionselections

07/01 :

The main actors in the Ivorian crisis were pleased Thursday of the new proposal of the mediators to hold in late February or early March 2010 presidential election, constantly postponed since 2005…

…BUT…

… according Gbagbo President of IEC Robert Beugré Mambé "fraudulently registered 429,000 voters on the electoral roll for the opposition". Gbagbo wants the elections to be postponed.

Political news : Political news : Post-crisis Post-crisis electionselections

10/01 :

The camp of Ivorian President Laurent Gbagbo has overwhelmed Sunday Independent Electoral Commission (IEC), charged with "fraud" by Mr. Gbagbo, and called for his "straightforward dissolution.

Launched in late November and expected to end Saturday, disputes handling has to determine the fate of about 1.033 million of "contested cases" listed among the estimated 6.4 million people registered for the presidential election.

Post-crisis Post-crisis electionselections : :

consequencesconsequences Given this announcement, Bernard Kouchner

had decided on 07/01 to postpone the visit he had planned to do in Abidjan on Sunday, saying he would visit "once the final voters list will be published ".

The Democratic Party of Côte d'Ivoire (PDCI opposition) denounced the same day the "manipulations" of Laurent Gbagbo “in order not to go to elections“.

Sport Sport news : news :

10-31 Jan. 2010 : Orange Africa Cup of Nations (Angola, Mali, Malawi, Algeria, Ivory Coast, Burkina Faso, Ghana, Togo, Egypt, Nigeria, Mozambique, Benin).

Ivory Coast is in Group B which regroups in Cabinda (Angola) Ghana, Burkina Faso and Togo. She goes into competition on Monday against Burkina Faso.

For the former international tricolor Marcel Desailly , in Abidjan on the 08/01, the Ivory Coast team the Elephants have the greatest potential and may reach their second victory.

Thank you for your attention !!!

If you have any questions ???