LabEx Centre Lyonnais d’Acoustique

Mid-term presentation

June 2015

Daniel Juvé

http://celya.universite-lyon.fr/

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Laboratoire

Applications des Ultrasons

à la Thérapie INSERM 1032

Centre de Recherches en

Neurosciences de Lyon CNRS 5292, INSERM 1028

Centre de Recherches

en Acquisition et Traitement de

l’Image pour la Santé CNRS 5520, INSERM 1044

Laboratoire

Acoustique Environnementale

et

Laboratoire

Transport

Environnement

Laboratoire

Mécanique des

Fluides

et d’Acoustique CNRS 5509

Laboratoire

Vibrations

Acoustique INSA

Laboratoire

Tribologie et

Dynamique

des Systèmes CNRS 5513

8 research teams

Laboratoire

Génie Civil

et Bâtiment

Engineering acoustics Medical applications Auditory perception and neurosciences

Three main research directions

Sound sources: characterization of sound sources associated with vibration and fluid flow; physical modelling, numerical simulation and control via passive or active means.

Acoustic propagation: in solids (mid-frequency, high-frequency vibroacoustics), in fluids (propagation in non homogeneous media, biological tissues)

Effects on human beings: auditory and non-auditory effects (handicap, annoyance, sound quality), therapeutic effects of ultrasound, enhancement of ultrasonic imaging techniques.

Main objectives of the LabEx:

Increase the collaborations between the various teams, improve students’ training in acoustics and vibration

Enhance the international recognition of Lyon in acoustics

Develop a network with local companies working in acoustics and vibration particularly with SMEs

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Numbers and Management

Permanent staff involved in CeLyA on January 1st, 2015: 78 people, mainly academics from University and “Grandes Ecoles” (at creation: 60).

Total staff including PhD and PostDocs: around 150 people.

Total Budget: 6 M€ (600 k€/year)

CeLyA is managed by an Executive Committee (1 full member + 1 deputy member per team) headed by Daniel Juvé and Etienne Parizet. Typically 6 meetings/year. “Bottom-up process” for PhD subjects, investments ... ; final selection made by Executive Committee.

The activities and general scientific orientations are evaluated each year by an Orientation Committee (12 members, including 3 foreign experts).

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PhD theses/Postdocs

Hiring PhDs (and Postdocs in the last 2 years) represents almost 50% of the total budget of the LabEx 18 to 20 theses will be launched (24 were planned initially) and around 6 Postdocs (duration of 1 or 2 years). All theses are co-supervised by 2 researchers associated with different teams, or in collaboration with a second LabEx or with an international partner. Up to now, 3 PhD theses have been defended and 10 are in progress. The underlying idea is to encourage exchanges between the various research teams of CeLyA working roughly on the same topic (for example vibroacoustics) but with different approaches; or working in different areas (vibroacoustics/aeroacoustics; sound perception/neurosciences, ultrasound imaging/therapy …)

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Educational Project

Thematic schools organized on a yearly basis, with a mix of local CeLyA

lecturers and international experts. Directed towards Doctoral students and Industry: Non-stationary Signal Processing and Inverse Problems in Acoustics and

Vibrations (2012) Acoustics of Porous Media (2013) Pitch, Music and Associated Pathologies (2014) Mid and High Frequency Modelling in Structural Acoustics (2015)

Format: 3 day lectures + posters; typically 70 participants from more than 10 different countries.

Summer school Pitch, Music and associated pathologies

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Educational Project

Creation of a 2-year Master Degree in Acoustics, starting September

2016 All CeLyA teams have contributed to the definition of the new programme, under the general umbrella of Université de Lyon. We hope to attract more students from France (up to now we have a large majority of students from the “Grandes Ecoles” in Lyon), and from abroad (a cursus taught in English will be offered). Expected number of students: 12-24 in first year; 30-40 in 2nd year (today: 20-25 students in M2, in majority coming from the local “Grandes écoles”).

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Organization and Sponsoring of Conferences and Workshops

From 2011 to now, CeLyA has organized (or co-organized)

8 workshops (national or international) in Lyon 1 workshop in Rome in 2013 (“Flinovia”, Flow Induced Noise and Vibration

Issues and Aspects, with a book of proceedings published by Springer in jan. 2015)

1 large scale international conference (20th International Symposium on Nonlinear Acoustics, Lyon, June 29-July 3 2015, around 200 participants)

CeLyA has also strongly participated to the organization (and sponsoring) of

2 large scale conferences in French (Congrès Français de Mécanique, Lyon August 24-28 2015, around 1000 participants expected); 25th GRETSI (Signal Processing, Lyon, Sept. 8-11 2015, around 600 participants).

In 2016, CeLyA will be associated (Administrative Chair) to the organization in Lyon of the 22nd AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference (400 participants; organized 1 year in Europe/2 years in the USA)

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International exchanges

Sponsoring of visiting scholars (visit duration of one to several months): 6

invited researchers, from Russia (2), Canada, Japan, Poland and Germany.

Exchange programme for PhD students We send or receive PhD students for typically 6 month stays in Lyon or in universities

abroad. Up to now 5 students have benefited from this programme, with exchanges with U.

Liège, Darmstadt, Minneapolis and Barcelona.

PhD Theses in “co-tutelle” (joint supervision) between Lyon and foreign universities 3 with U. Sherbrooke (aeroacoustics, vibroacoustics), 2 with Moscow State U. (Nonlinear propagation), Firenze U. (Ultrasound Imaging), U. Monastir (Ultrasonic Cavitation).

Formal agreement between CeLyA (U. de Lyon) and Sherbrooke (Mechanical

Engineering) is well under way. Discussions with Penn State U. (Graduate Program in Acoustics) have also taken place recently (co-tutelle, exchange of Master or PhD students, …).

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Collaboration with industry: SMEs

LabComs are funded (for 3 years) by the French National Research Agency (ANR) to develop cooperation between academia and SMEs (56 have been funded for all disciplines in France, 10 of them in the Rhône-Alpes Region, 3 with CeLyA teams) Funded end of 2013:

LabCom P3A: Array processing for Applications in Aeroacoustics

(LMFA/LVA/MicrodB);

LabCom ATYSCREA: Ultrasound medical instrumentation for high

frequency imaging and transcranial Doppler (Creatis/Atys Medical);

Funded Feb 1, 2015:

LabCom LADAGE: Acoustics and Dynamics of gearboxes

(LTDS/Vibratec);

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Collaboration with industry: Large international groups

Industrial Chair ADOPSYS (Aeroacoustics of Aircraft Propulsion Systems,

2014-2017, 2.4M€), funded by ANR and Safran/Snecma, Chair holder S. Moreau (U. Sherbrooke). Action connected to the construction at ECLyon of a large experimental set-up to study aerodynamic performance and generated noise of aeronautical turbofans (EquipEx PHARE, electric power 3MW).

OpenLab PSA (Peugeot-Citroën) VibroAcoustics and Tribology at Lyon (2013-

2016), with several actions in acoustics and vibration (engineering, sound perception …).

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Collaboration with other research teams

Other local LabEx: shared PhD theses, mutualized scientific equipment,

visiting scholars, organization of common workshops.

Cortex: Neurosciences.

Primes: Radiobiology, Medical Imaging.

LETMA, with CEA-DAM and UPMC (U. Paris 6): Modelling and numerical

simulation of infrasound propagation in the atmosphere (detection and localization of natural and artificial events). Inauguration on March 10, 2015.

Common Research Laboratory

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Mutualized Scientific Equipment

Ultrasonic probes for Medical Imaging and Therapy (85k€) Multichannel acquisition system (128 channels/100kHz; 100k€) for array processing and sound sources localization To be purchased this year:

High-speed camera for flow visualization and velocity measurements (100k€)

Array processing associated with in-duct measurements to identify noise sources on a turbomachine (in collaboration with SME MicrodB, LabCom P3A)

Prototype of ultrasonic probe used to obtain several simultaneous images

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Three examples of collaborative research conducted within CeLyA

Medical applications of ultrasound Excitation of vibrating structures by turbulent flow and radiated

noise Neurosciences (patients under coma)

Medical applications of ultrasound CeLyA collaboration on Acoustic cavitation control

(LMFA, CREATIS, LabTAU)

Time (s)

Time (s)

Iner

tial

cav

itat

ion

le

vel (

dB

) In

erti

al c

avit

atio

n

leve

l (d

B)

Exemple of bubble cloud evolution for fixed-intensity focused acoustic wave

System developed for inertial cavitation control Time evolution of cavitation activity

With cavitation regulation

Without cavitation regulation

Ultrasound cavitation: Non linear phenomenon Highly random behavior

Medical applications of acoustic cavitation control

Apparatus developed for in-vivo sono-thrombolysis Thrombus destruction test on sheep model

Ultrasound internalization of fluorescent molecules (green) in two cells (red)

Apparatus developed for in-vitro reproducible sonoporation and microscopy visualization during sonoporation

Cell sonoporation and transfection

Extracorporeal destruction of clot in blood vessels

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Simulating excitation of vibrating structures by turbulent wall-pressure fluctuations CeLyA collaboration with U. Sherbrooke (LVA,

LMFA, MicrodB)

Idea: develop a cheap alternative to measurements in specific wind tunnels (“silent” wind tunnel associated to a large anechoïc room).

Use an array of sound sources to generate a synthetic pressure field on a structure, mimicking the statistical properties of a real wall-bounded flow (2-point cross-spectra).

Flow-induced vibrations and radiated noise in transportation systems (inside cockpit, cabin, passenger compartment … and outside)

Experimental procedure

Wind-tunnel measurement or modelling (or direct numerical simulation) of the wall pressure field (2D spatial wavenumber spectra for a given frequency range).

Measurement of transfer functions between a monopole source at various positions and plate vibration (or noise transmitted by the plate inside a cavity).

Post-processing stage: synthesis of plate response to simulated field.

Consciousness evaluation of a patient in a coma

CeLyA collaboration (CRNL, ENTPE) with U. Liège

Brain response to acoustic stimuli is a tool for consciousness evaluation. Brain waves are measured after presentation of patient's first name (EEG).

Investigation of the influence of a prior presentation of favorite music: increase of the response to own first name.

Patient's first name

Other first name

favorite music

noise

Conclusions and perspectives

Our experience

- Strong increase of scientific collaborations among local teams

- Financial leverage effect (government and industry funded projects)

- Recognition of acoustics by local decision-makers

- Lyon as a leading place on the international scene in acoustics

Points to develop in coming years

- Finalize formal agreements with selected foreign universities

- Prepare the post-2019 step within the new University of Lyon

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