ww

w.L

an

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rLab

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om

Eu

rofin

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an

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ste

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ab

ora

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nviro

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en

tal

Wh

ere

pe

op

le a

re th

e c

he

mis

try a

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ality

is a

sc

ien

ce

.

Red

uced

Vo

lum

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ech

no

log

y a

nd

Em

erg

ing

Co

nta

min

an

ts

Pre

sen

ter:

Jere

my Y

ou

ng

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cco

un

t Man

ag

er

222

Eu

rofin

s L

an

ca

ste

r -A

bo

ut U

s

�In

op

era

tion

for m

ore

than

50 y

ears

�330,0

00-s

qu

are

-foo

t lab

ora

tory

facility

on

27 A

cre

s

�S

taff o

f 900 s

cie

ntis

ts, te

ch

nic

ian

s, a

nd

su

pp

ort p

ers

on

nel

�$140+

millio

n in

an

nu

al s

ale

s

�O

ne o

f the la

rgest c

om

merc

ial te

stin

g la

bs in

the w

orld

�200K

Sam

ple

s / 1

M T

ests

per y

ear

3

Re

du

ce

d S

am

ple

Vo

lum

e

4

Red

uced

Sam

ple

Vo

lum

e

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ess fie

ld tim

e fo

r aq

ueo

us s

am

ple

co

llectio

n

•G

reen

er te

ch

no

log

y –

less s

olv

en

t

used

in th

e p

rocess

•S

afe

r Tech

no

log

y –

red

uced

exp

osu

re to

so

lven

ts

An

aly

ses

–S

em

ivo

latile

s

–P

estic

ides/ P

CB

s

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iesel R

an

ge O

rgan

ics (D

RO

)

Tw

o M

eth

od

Op

tion

s

–3510 R

ed

uced

Vo

lum

e

–3511 M

icro

Extra

ctio

n

1000m

L

250m

L40m

L

5

Red

uced

Vo

lum

e E

xtra

ctio

ns

SW

-846 3

510 S

ep

ara

tory

Fu

nn

el

•R

ed

uced

Co

llectio

n v

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y 7

5%

2 x

1000m

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•R

ed

uced

pre

para

tion

vo

lum

e

from

1000m

L to

250m

L

Pestic

ides

Sem

ivo

latile

s

•S

am

e c

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istry

, sam

e M

DL

s,

rep

ortin

g lim

its, Q

C, e

tc.

•A

dd

ition

al a

ccre

dita

tion

s a

re

no

t req

uire

d

6

Red

uced

Vo

lum

e E

xtra

ctio

ns

Die

sel R

an

ge O

rgan

ics

SW

-846 3

511 M

icro

Extra

ctio

n

�2 x

1000m

L to

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L V

ials

�96%

Red

uctio

n in

Sam

ple

vo

l

�H

exan

e re

pla

ces M

eth

yle

ne C

hlo

ride.

Less p

ola

r so

lven

t mo

re a

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rate

ly

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cts

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d c

om

po

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ly. L

ess e

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ctio

n o

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lars

�R

eq

uire

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rge s

am

ple

vo

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e in

jectio

n

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to G

C

�S

ilica G

el C

lean

up

s c

an

still b

e

perfo

rmed

on

the e

xtra

ct

�E

xtra

ct c

an

be fra

ctio

ned

into

aro

matic

an

d a

liph

atic

for E

PH

an

aly

ses

7

Bo

ttles a

nd

Co

ole

rs

1 lite

r bo

ttles -1

0 p

er c

oo

ler

250 m

l bo

ttles –

21 p

er c

oo

ler

40 m

l via

ls –

100 p

er c

oo

ler

ww

w.L

an

caste

rLab

sE

nv.c

om

Em

erg

ing

Co

nta

min

an

ts

9

Em

erg

ing

Co

nta

min

an

ts

1,2

,3-T

rich

loro

pro

pa

ne

(TC

P)

2,4

,6-T

rinitro

tolu

en

e (T

NT

)

Din

itroto

lue

ne

(DN

T)

He

xa

hyd

ro-1

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-trinitro

-1,3

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zin

e (R

DX

)

N-N

itroso

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eth

yla

min

e(N

DM

A)

Pe

rch

lora

tep

oly

bro

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ate

dd

iph

en

yle

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rs (P

BD

E)

Po

lyb

rom

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ted

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he

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ngste

n

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arm

ace

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als

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rso

na

l ca

re p

rod

ucts

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rmo

ne

s

ww

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om

1,4

-Dio

xa

ne

11

1,4

-Dio

xa

ne

�U

se

d a

s s

olv

en

t sta

biliz

er p

rima

rily in

trich

loro

eth

an

e(T

CA

) up

to 8

% b

y

vo

lum

e to

pre

ve

nt d

eg

red

atio

n

�P

rob

ab

le h

um

an

ca

rcin

og

en

�P

rod

uc

ed

in la

rge

vo

lum

es

�P

reva

len

t in th

e e

nviro

nm

en

t, ve

ry

so

lub

le

�L

iste

d in

SW

-84

6 8

26

0. A

pp

en

dix

IX

co

mp

ou

nd

, no

t liste

d o

n P

PL

Lis

t or

ma

jority

of T

CL

lists

. Ap

pe

ars

on

SO

M0

2.2

82

70

list.

12

Imp

rovin

g S

en

sitiv

ity: 1

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iox

an

e

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-846 8

260B

Vo

latile

s G

C/M

S

�P

oo

r pu

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igh

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f 70u

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�H

igh

Rela

tive R

esp

on

se F

acto

r (RR

F)

SW

-846 8

270C

Extra

cta

ble

sG

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�A

ch

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f 0.7

5

�N

o c

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e w

hen

run

with

8270C

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s (B

N)

SW

-846 8

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Vo

latile

s G

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oto

pe

Dilu

tion

�A

ch

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wer M

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, LO

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f 1

SW

-846 8

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ivo

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oto

pe

Dilu

tion

�A

ch

iev

es lo

wer M

DL

, LO

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f 1

Meth

od

sele

ctio

n m

ay n

eed

to b

e p

resen

ted

to re

gu

lato

rs

ww

w.L

an

caste

rLab

sE

nv.c

om

Perflu

orin

ate

dCom

pounds -

PFCs

14

Perflu

orin

ate

d C

om

pounds (P

FCs) a

re a

class o

f

com

pounds th

at h

ave b

een in

use

since

the la

te

1940’s, e

arly

1950’s. T

hey h

ave b

een u

sed a

s

additiv

es in

fluoro

poly

mer p

roductio

n a

nd a

s

surfa

ctants fo

r num

ero

us co

nsu

mer a

pplica

tions;

•Sta

in re

sistant co

atin

gs fo

r furn

iture

and ca

rpetin

g

•Coatin

gs fo

r fast fo

od w

rappers a

nd b

oxes

•Bre

ath

able

wate

rpro

of fa

brics

Perflu

orin

ate

d C

om

pounds

15

Perflu

orin

ate

d C

om

pounds (P

FCs) w

ere

also

use

d in

Aqueous F

ilm F

orm

ing F

oam

s (AFFF). D

evelo

ped b

y

3M

and U

S N

avy in

the 1

960’s. T

he lo

w su

rface

tensio

n a

nd p

ositiv

e sp

readin

g co

efficie

nt e

nable

d film

form

atio

n o

n to

p o

f lighte

r, less d

ense

fuels.

Perflu

orin

ate

d C

om

pounds

16

•Enviro

nm

enta

l rele

ase

occu

rs thro

ugh p

roductio

n a

nd

use

in flu

oro

poly

mer p

roductio

n

•Leaks fro

m sto

rage ta

nks a

nd p

ipelin

es

•Em

erg

ency

activ

atio

n o

f fire su

ppre

ssion sy

stem

s

•Fire

train

ing e

xercise

s

Perflu

orin

ate

d C

om

pounds

17

Will ty

pica

lly se

e th

is class o

f com

pounds a

bbre

via

ted in

severa

l diffe

rent w

ays;

•PFCs -

perflu

orin

ate

d co

mpounds

•PFAA –

perflu

orin

ate

d a

lkyl a

cids

•PFAS –

poly

fluorin

ate

d a

lkyl su

bsta

nce

s

PFAS is g

ain

ing g

reate

r reco

gnitio

n b

eca

use

not a

ll of th

e

chem

istries a

re p

erflu

orin

ate

d

Perflu

orin

ate

d C

om

pounds

18

There

are

two co

mpounds th

at h

ave re

ceiv

ed th

e m

ost

atte

ntio

n;

a.PFO

A -

was u

sed a

s a su

rfacta

nt in

the

manufa

cture

of flu

oro

poly

mers

–D

uPont

b.

PFO

S -

was th

e p

rincip

le co

mponent in

Sco

tchgard

and A

FFF m

anufa

cture

d b

y 3

M –

manufa

cture

by 3

M h

as b

een d

iscontin

ued sin

ce

2002

Perflu

orin

ate

d C

om

pounds

19

Perflu

oro

octa

noic a

cid(a

lso k

now

n a

s PFO

A)

MW

= 4

14 a

mu

BP =

189-1

92 °C

Density

= 1

.8 g

ram

s/ml

PFO

A

20

Perflu

oro

octa

ne su

lfonic a

cid(a

lso k

now

n a

s

PFO

S)

MW

= 5

00 a

mu

BP =

133 °C

at 6

torr

PFO

S

21

•The flu

orin

e su

bstitu

tion g

ives th

is class o

f

com

pounds u

niq

ue ch

ara

cteristics

•Conta

in a

hydro

phobic, fu

lly flu

orin

ate

d

carb

on ch

ain

•Also

conta

ins a

hydro

philic fu

nctio

nal g

roup

•The a

re so

luble

to m

odera

tely

wate

r solu

ble

PFCs

22

•PFCs a

re g

enera

lly ch

em

ically

and b

iolo

gica

lly

stable

. Resist ty

pica

l enviro

nm

enta

l degra

datio

n

pro

cesse

s.

•PFCs b

ioaccu

mula

teand b

y so

me e

stimate

s are

pre

sent in

blo

od se

rum

of u

p to

98%

of w

ildlife

.

•PFO

S a

dded to

Sto

ckholm

Conventio

n list o

f Persiste

nt O

rganic P

ollu

tants a

nd P

FO

A b

ein

g

consid

ere

d.

•Specific to

xico

logica

l and e

co-to

xico

logica

l studie

s are

few

so e

xact im

pacts n

ot w

ell u

ndersto

od.

PFCs

23

•EPA O

ffice o

f Wate

r esta

blish

ed P

rovisio

nal H

ealth

Adviso

ry

(PH

A)

PFO

S =

0.2

ug/l

PFO

A =

0.4

ug/l

•M

inneso

ta o

ne o

f few

state

s with

any re

gula

tory

actio

n lim

its

PFO

S =

0.3

ug/l

PFBS =

7 u

g/l

PFO

A =

0.3

ug/l

PFBA =

7 u

g/l

•N

ew

Jerse

y p

relim

inary

health

base

d g

uid

ance

PFO

A =

0.0

4 u

g/l

PFN

A =

0.0

1 u

g/l

PFO

S =

0.2

ug/l

•EPA R

egio

n 4

levels in

soils

PFO

S =

6 m

g/k

gPFO

A =

16 m

g/k

g

Adviso

ry L

imits

24

For C

om

pariso

n…

An

aly

teA

cron

ym

Wa

ter

Re

po

rting

Limits LO

Q

(ng

/L)

So

il

Re

po

rting

Limits LO

Q

(ng

/g)

Pe

rfluo

roh

exa

no

ic acid

PF

HxA

20

.4

Pe

rfluo

roh

ep

tan

oic a

cidP

FH

pA

20

.6

Pe

rfluo

roo

ctan

oic a

cidP

FO

A2

0.6

Pe

rfluo

ron

on

an

oic a

cidP

FN

A2

0.4

Pe

rfluo

rod

eca

no

ic acid

PF

DA

20

.4

Pe

rfluo

rou

nd

eca

no

ic acid

PF

Un

DA

40

.6

Pe

rfluo

rod

od

eca

no

ic acid

PF

Do

A4

0.8

Pe

rfluo

rotrid

eca

no

ic acid

PF

TrD

A4

1.2

Pe

rfluo

rote

trad

eca

no

ic acid

PF

Te

DA

40

.8

Pe

rfluo

rob

uta

ne

sulfo

na

teP

FB

S1

01

.6

Pe

rfluo

roh

exa

ne

sulfo

na

teP

FH

xS1

01

.6

Pe

rfluo

ro-o

ctan

esu

lfon

ate

PF

OS

10

1.6

8:2

fluo

rote

lom

ersu

lfon

ate

8:2

FtS

20

.8

25

There

is only

one E

PA “sa

nctio

ned” m

eth

od fo

r

the a

naly

sis of p

erflu

orin

ate

dco

mpounds –

EPA M

eth

od 5

37, V

ersio

n 1

.1

•D

rinkin

g w

ate

r meth

od –

pre

scriptiv

e list

of co

mpounds

•U

ses L

C/M

S/M

S w

hich

is the a

naly

tical

tech

niq

ue o

f choice

•H

as so

me lim

itatio

ns in

the ra

nge o

f

com

pounds th

at ca

n b

e a

ccom

modate

d

•M

any la

bs re

fere

nce

a 5

37 M

odifie

d

Analy

tical M

eth

odolo

gy

26

•IS

O M

eth

od 2

5101: 2

009 o

ften re

fere

nce

d,

more

am

enable

to su

rface

wate

r and

waste

wate

r

•ASTM

Meth

ods D

7979-1

5 a

nd D

7968-1

4

addre

ss wate

r, sludges

and so

ils but h

ave n

ot

been su

bje

ct to a

n E

PA v

alid

atio

n

•N

o e

stablish

ed m

eth

od fo

r soils, so

ofte

n

certify

to la

b S

OP

Analy

tical M

eth

odolo

gy

27

•Conce

rn fo

r pote

ntia

l for b

ack

gro

und

conta

min

atio

n

•Avoid

use

of P

TFE m

ate

rials in

lab a

nd in

sam

plin

g p

rogra

m

•Sam

ple

s colle

cted in

pla

stic (poly

pro

pyle

ne o

r

poly

eth

yle

ne) co

nta

iners

•All m

ate

rials sh

ould

be ch

eck

ed fo

r

back

gro

und

Cautio

n if S

am

plin

g

28

Thank y

ou!