laboratory testing of reclaimed asphalt pavement …€¦ · laboratory testing of reclaimed...
TRANSCRIPT
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Laboratory Testing of Reclaimed Asphalt
Pavement - Crushed Rock for Footpath and
Pavement Applications
Jegatheesan Piratheepan and Arul Arulrajah
Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA.
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Outline of the Presentation
Background
Laboratory Testing
Results
Specifications
Conclusion
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Background
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Solid Waste Materials
Approximately 32 million tonnes of solid waste is generated in Australia.
Approximately 14 million tonnes comprises construction and
demolition (C&D) materials, of which about 50% is recycled.
Stockpiles in Australia:
Reclaimed asphalt pavement – 1.2 million tonnes
Waste rock – 3.3 million tonnes
Recycled glass – 1 million tonnes
Crushed concrete – 8.7 million tonnes
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Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement
Crushed Concrete
Crushed Rock
Crushed Glass
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Alternative Materials
Traditional quarry materials are commonly used in pavement and
footpath bases/sub-bases
The need for utilising alternative materials in road and footpath
construction
o Scarcity of natural resources
o Minimise the quantity of waste materials/area for landfill
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Pavement Base (Class 1 & 2)
Pavement Sub-base (Class 3 & 4)
Asphalt Wearing Surface 25 mm
100-250 mm
150-300
mm
Footpath Base
Asphalt Wearing Surface
100 mm compacted
depth
35 mm
Cross-section of a
footpath
Cross-section of an
unbound Pavement
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Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP)
RAP is the old asphalt pavement that has been removed
RAP is mainly recycled into new hot mixed asphalt
100% RAP does not produce a product of base course quality
o Inconsistent
o Low CBR
o Poor shear strength
Allowed up to 20% with virgin aggregates in road base (in USA)
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RAP – 20 mm
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Waste Rock (WR)
Excavated rock (basalt floaters) from construction sites
A mixture of high and low quality
May be used in road base and sub-base
Can be blended with other waste materials (e.g. RAP, crushed
concrete, crushed glass)
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Waste Rock – 20 mm
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Laboratory Testing
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RAP Blended with WR
Study of geotechnical characteristics of RAP blended with WR.
Maximum particle size of 20 mm
100RAP, 50RAP/50WR, 30RAP/70WR and 100WR.
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Particle size distribution
Modified Proctor compaction
Particle density
Water absorption
California Bearing Ratio (CBR)
Los Angeles abrasion
pH test
Organic content
Flakiness index and
Permeability tests
Laboratory Experiments
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Laboratory Test Results
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Sample Description 100RAP 50RAP/
50WR
30RAP/
70WR 100WR
Recycled Asphalt (RAP) by weight (%) 100 50 30 0
Particle density – Coarse (Mg/m3) 2.4 2.23 2.13 2.86
Particle density – Fine (Mg/m3) 2.4 1.71 1.84 2.85
USCS Classification SW SW GW GM-SM
Water absorption – Coarse (%) 8.6 4.6 3.84 3.32
Water absorption – Fine (%) 22.4 5.4 5.52 4.72
Organic content (%) 5.1 1.57 2.95 1.04
pH 7.6 9.80 9.65 10.92
Fine content (%) 3.4 3.5 3.8 10.2
Flakiness index 22.34 29.48 34.3 19
Hydraulic conductivity (m/s) 3.5×10-7 1.77×10-6 2.35×10-6 2.7×10-
7
Los Angeles abrasion loss 42 28 32 21
California Bearing Ratio (%) 30 40 48 121
Compaction (Modified) Max dry density (Mg/m3) 2.040 2.250 2.145 2.225
OMC (%) 8.25 9.0 11.25 9.25
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Specifications
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Specifications for Footpath Base and Pavement
Sub-base Materials
VicRoads Specifications
(section 812 and 820)
Physical Property
Pavement Sub-base Footpath Base
Class CC3 Class CC4
Liquid Limit (%)(max) 35 40 35
Plasticity Index (max) 10 20 10
California Bearing Ratio (%)(min) 80 20 40
Los Angeles Abrasion Loss (max) 40 45 60
Flakiness Index (max) 35 35 35
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Conclusions
All the blends, except 100RAP, meet the local council requirements
in the state of Victoria, Australia for usage as a footpath base material
RAP blended with WR up to 50% can be used for footpath base
applications
100WR satisfies the requirements as sub-base material for
pavements
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Thank You