lan
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Internet,LAN/WAN Networking:
Learning ObjectivesDefine and identify the different types of networks
Describe the history of LANs and WANs
Discuss LAN and WAN integration, including the basic functions of bridges, routers, gateways, and switches
Describe network protocol integration methods
Explain the preparatory steps of network design
Computer NetworkSystem of computers, print devices, and computer software linked by communications cabling or radio waves
Typically classified according to:Reach and complexity
Protocols and topologies
Network Communication
Network Types DefinedLocal area networks
Metropolitan area networks
Wide area networks
Local Area Network (LAN)Series of interconnected computers, printing devices, and other computer equipment that share hardware and software resources
Service area usually limited to a given office area, floor, or building
Example of a LAN
Metropolitan Area NetworkLinks multiple LANs in a large city or metropolitan region
Typically uses fiber-optic connections
Example of a MAN
Using a LANIn this drive mappingexample, a server’s driveC is mapped as drive Fby a workstation.After the mapping is complete,the server’s hard disk appears in the workstation’s directory asdrive F and can be used just as though it were a drive connected directly to the workstation.
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Using a LANYou can allow other network users to view and edit files in the folders you’ve designated as shared
Using a LANThe Network Connection tool helps you troubleshoot connection problems
Wide Area Network (WAN)Far-reaching system of networks that usually extends over 30 miles and often reaches across states and continents
Network ClassificationEnterprise network
Combination of LANs, MANs, or WANs that provides users with an array of computer and network resources to complete different tasks
Enterprise Network
Identifying a Network TypeCommunications medium
Wire cable, fiber-optic cable, radio waves, microwaves
ProtocolHow networked data is formatted into discrete unitsHow each unit is transmitted and interpreted
TopologyPhysical layout of cable and logical path
Network typePrivate versus public
LAN/WAN Integration1960s-1980s
Direct connection to host mainframe using Systems Network Architecture (SNA) communications protocol
NetworksAllow connections to many devices
Enable distributed client/server computing
Using SNA to Directly Connect without a Network
LAN/WAN IntegrationBecoming more advanced through networking devices
Bridges
Routers
Gateways
Switches
BridgesConnect different LANs or LAN segments using the same access method
RoutersConnect networks having the same or different access methods and media
Forward packets and frames to networks by using a decision-making process based on:
Routing table data
Discovery of most efficient routes
Preprogrammed information from network administrator
Routers
GatewaysEnable communications between two different types of networked systems
Gateways
SwitchesLink network segments
Forward and filter frames between segments
Network Classifications
Organizational Structure: Client/Server and Peer-to-Peer
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Network Design IntroductionAssess characteristics of the organization that affect network design
Types and locations of computers
Software applications and resources required
Business patterns
High and low network use periods
Designing to facilitate troubleshooting
Type of security required
Anticipated growth
IP AddressesIP addresses are addresses that identify computers on the Internet
Static IP address
Dynamic IP address
Network LinksWired network
Twisted-pair cable
Coaxial cable
Fiber-optic cable
Wireless networkRF signals
Microwaves
Infrared light
Internet ProtocolsTCP and IP serve as the primary protocols responsible for message transmission on the Internet
Cable Internet ServiceCable modems convert your computer’s signal into one that can travel over the CATV network
Always-on connection
Neighborhood network
Cable Internet Service
ISP Infrastructure
Wi-FiWEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) encrypts data traveling over wireless networks
Equipment required for a wireless network
Wi-Fi card
Wireless access point
Bluetooth is a short-range wireless network technology
Wireless Internet ServiceDirect satellite service (DSS)
Wireless Internet ServiceFixed wireless Internet service broadcasts RF signals in order to offer Internet access to large areas
WiMAX
Wireless service providers are usually local or regional businesses
LAN Internet AccessCost-effective way to share one Internet connection among several computers
To establish LAN Internet access, you need:An operational wired or wireless LAN
A router or a hub with router capabilities
A high-speed Internet connection, such as DSL, ISDN, or cable Internet
A modem that corresponds to your Internet connection type
Mobile Internet AccessA Wi-Fi hotspot is a wireless broadband Internet service offered in a public location
WISP
WAP is a communications protocol that provides Internet access from handheld devices
Mobile Internet AccessHandheld device services include:
Short message service (SMS)
Multimedia messaging (MMS)
Music fingerprinting
Games
City guides
News, sports, stocks, and weather
Mobile Internet AccessCellular service options