large-area imaging spectroscopic survey of near-infrared...
TRANSCRIPT
Large-Area Imaging Spectroscopic Survey of Near-Infrared Sky
in Space
EAMA10, 2016 September 26-30, Hoam Faculty House, SNU, Seoul
NISS
Science & Technology Satellite Series (KARI) (2000 ~ 2013. 02) 1st, 3rd Satellite: FIMS (2003), MIRIS (2012)
Next Generation of small Satellite Series (SaTReC) (2012 ~ ) 1st Satellite: NISS (Near-infrared Imaging Spectrometer)
International collaborations Rocket experiment: CIBER1 & CIBER2
SPHEREx, HiZ-GUNDAM, SPICA …
(Seon et al. 2011)
FIMS: ~40 SCI papers
CIBER1
ST-SAT III
NISS
Space Observation Camera Wavelength: 0.9 ~ 2m − Aperture: 80 mm
Detector FOV: 3.67o x 3.67o (Pixel : 51.6 arcsec)
Telescope & Sensor Temp.: 180K (Passive Cooling), 90K
Filters (5 filters) I (1.05m), H (1.6m) – R~5, blank
Pa (1.876m), Pa Cont (R ~ 50)
Large area imaging survey of NIR sky Large-scale fluctuation of near-IR
excess emission
Dust scattering from WIM
MIRIS FM
PS or spherical
HII region
Higher
contrast
NISS
Large area imaging surveys of near-IR sky
NEP 10ox10o
H
Pa
New Pa blobs
±3
NISS
Wavelength range: 0.9 ~ 3.8m (R~20)
Array format: 1024 x 1024, FoV: ~2 deg. X 2 deg. (15”resol.)
15cm aperture, Imaging & Low-Resolution Spectroscopy (R~20),
Sensitivity ~17 AB mag. – spectrophotometric survey area ~150 deg2
5
290mm(L)×270mm(W)×400mm(H)14kg
NISS
NEXTSat-1
EQM
2LVFs
2 d
eg.
NISS
Near-IR Imaging Spectroscopy Large Nearby galaxies / Clusters of
galaxies
Star-forming regions
Cosmic Near-Infrared Background
(m) line Type
1.26, 1.64 [Fe II] Emission
1.875 Pa Emission
1.96 [Si IV] Emission
2.212H2 1-0 S(1)
Emission
3.05 H2O Ice Absorption
3.3 PAH Emission
Near-infrared spectral lines Matsumoto, Seo, Jeong et al. 2011
0.45 mJy
0.45 mJy
0.26 mJy
0.26 mJy
Detections of WISE galaxies
WISE
NISS
NISS
Wide field, spectral range & better resolution FoV ~ 4 sq. deg. , 15” resolution
Spectroscopic (/ ~ 20) survey
Large-scale fluctuation of CIB
Structure evolution over
Cosmic time (t ~ 0.03 Gyr)
NEP Region
AKARI observation
MIRIS: large scales > 3 deg.
NISS: medium scales but, continuous
NISS
CIB fluctuation @ ~2m
IRTS: Matsumoto et al. 2005, 2015
AKARI: Matsumoto et al. 2012
Seo et al. 2015
Spitzer: Kashilinsky et al. 2012
NISS
M1 Baffle
Radiator
Truss
M2
Bench
Dewar Module
(contains IR detector)
Support assy
(Kevlar pipe)
Radiator
Cooler Module
NISS
0
20
40
60
80
100
700 900 1100 1300 1500 1700 1900 2100
%T
wavelength(nm)
LVF1
Position
Peak W
avele
ngth
Illustration of
SpectrophotometryNo moving parts!
NISS
NISS
Space Environment Test: passed
NISS
Pre-assembly of Mechanics FM
NISS
2016. 10: FM Assembly & Test
2016. 11: FM PTR
2016. 12: FM TRR
2017. 3Q: Launch – Falcon 9 @ SpaceX
NISS
Spectro-PHotometer for the Extragalactic structure, Reionization and ices Explorer: under Phase-A Study
Spectro-photometric all-sky survey: 1.4B spectral catalog
(0.75 ~ 4.8m, R=40 ~150)
Participating Institutes (PI: Jamie Bock): International Collaboration
JPL: management, thermal system, readout electronics, QA
Caltech: Instrument Development, I&T, Data Pipeline
Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corporation: spacecraft
ASU, Caltech, Harvard, IfA, JPL, OSU, UC Irvine: Science
KASI: H/W, data pipeline, science
SPHEREx is the upgraded mission of the NISS
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NISS
7º
x 3
.5°
6”
pix
els
B4: 2.6 - 4.8 µm T
R = 150
In Transmission
B2: 1.25 - 2.1 µm
R = 40
In Reflection
B1: 0.75 - 1.25 µm
R = 40
In Reflection
B3: 2.1 - 3.5 µm T
R = 40
In Transmission
λλ
2048 x 2048 2048 x 2048
Full coverage requires 40 steps
across each detector (150 for Band 4)
Teledyne H2RG arrays- H1RGs flown on HST (1.7um),
OCO (2.5um), WISE (5um) (TRL 9)
- H2RGs and SIDECAR for JWST (TRL 6)
LVFs in space applications-HST as order sorters
-ISO as CVFs
-OSIRIS-Rex for spectral imaging
-Ralph/New Horizons for spectral imaging
-NISS: two LVFs
FO
V:
Focal Plane Assembly Linear Variable Filter
NISS
All-Sky Coverage
Designed for uniform coverage
after 25 months of observations
with 4 independent surveys.
Deep Surveys at Poles
Except for two 100 sq. degree regions
At the poles with are ~50x deeper.
An opportunity for unique science
SPHEREx observes the sky si-
mply by pointing the spacecraft
over multiple orbits to obtain co
mplete spectra.
NISS
SPHEREx All-Sky Survey
High S/N spectrum for every 2MASS source
Solid detection of faintest WISE sources
Catalogs ideal for GMT/JWST observations
Redshift information for other survey
Wide-field transient survey
…
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Object # Sources Legacy Science ReferenceDetected galaxies
1.4 billion Properties of distant and heavily obscured galaxies
Simulation based on COSMOS and Pan-STARRS
Galaxiess(z)/(1+z)< 0.03
120 million Study (H, CO, O, S, H2O) line and PAH emission by galaxy type. Explore galaxy and AGN life cycle
Galaxies s(z)/(1+z)< 0.003
9.8 million Cross check of Euclid photo-z. Measure dynamics of groups and map filaments.
QSOs > 1.5 million Understand QSO lifecycle, environment, and taxonomy Ross et al. (20
13) plus simulations
QSOsat z > 7
0-300 Determine if early QSOs exist. Follow-up spectro-scopy probes EOR through Lyforest
Clusters with ≥ 5 members
25,000 Redshifts for all eRosita clusters. Viral masses and merger dynamics
Geach et al., 2011, SDSS counts
Main sequence Stars
>100 million Test uniformity of stellar mass function within our Galaxy as input to extragalactic studies
2MASS catalogs
Mass-losing, dust forming stars
Over 10,000 of all types
Spectra of M supergiants, OH/IR stars, Carbon stars. Stellar atmospheres, dust return rates, and composition of dust
Astro-physical Quantities, 4th
edition [ed. A.Cox] p. 527
Brown Dwarfs
>400, incl. >40 of types T and Y
Atmospheric structure and composition; search for hazes. Informs studies of giant exoplanets
dwarfarchives.org and J.D. Kirkpatrick, priv. comm.
Stars with hot dust
>1000 Discover rare dust clouds produced by cataclysmic events like the collision which produced the Earth’s moon
Kennedy & Wyatt (2013)
Diffuse ISM
Map of the Galaxy
Study diffuse emission from interstellar clouds and nebulae; (H, CO, S, H2O and PAH emission)
GLIMPSE survey (Churchwell
et al. 2009)
NISS
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Redshift coverage of SPHEREx measured emission lines:
Galaxy Evolution
6>z
Formation of First Stars:
15 > z > 6Dark Ages:
15 > z
Science Objectives: All-Sky Spectral Survey for
Inflationary Cosmology
History of Galaxy Formation
Mapping 3D distribution of Galactic ices
Imaging Spectrometry using LVFs: 0.75 ~4.8m
H2O, CO2, CO
NISS
Hardware Electronics: 4 H2RG detectors
Optics: Baffle tube structure
Optical Filters: 4 Linear Variable Filters & dichroic filters
Ground support equipment for characterizing the instrument (cryo. Chamber, integrating sphere, ground station electronics)
Contribution of the works Data reduction pipelines, instrument design
Science & Operation Synergy with other space missions & ground telescopes (e.g., GMT, JWST)
Collaboration with other Groups at KASI as well as universities (SNU, KHU, KBNU & KIAS)
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LVF1
Chamber for SPHEREx
3D map of Universe
NISS
Cosmology, Extragalactic, Galactic sciences
Galactic Sciences
Ice Features from YSOs & IRDCs
SNRs
ZL spectra from Near- to Mid-IR
Moving objects: DEEP-South
Extragalactic Sciences
SF properties of near-by galaxies
Near-by and high-z AGNs
Properties of High-z emission line galaxies
CIRB study in NEP and SEP region (AKARI Deep Fields)
More science cases from astronomical community
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NISS
Exchange of Letters, Community workshop – White paper
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Selected as one of candidates
for NASA SMEX mission
July 31, 2015
White paper
May, 2016
NISS
14/12/10: Submission of Proposal
15/07/31: 1st Review Result
16/04/30: Data packages for CSR proposal
16/07/27: Final due for Revised Proposal
16/11/01: Site Visit (final review)
2017. 01: Selection Date
2018. 09: FM Integration & Test CDR
2019. 09: Payload Integration & Test
2020. 09: Launch
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NISS
NISS (2017)
Technical demonstration: imaging spectroscopy
Imaging spectroscopic survey: Nearby galaxies, star-forming regions, low-background regions …
Operation from 2017 (2-yr lifetime)
SPHEREx (2020)
Galactic / Extragalactic Sciences
Synergy with other Facilities (KMTNet, GMT …)
More science cases from Korean community
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