LARGE MARINE ECOSYSTEMS: MEGAREGIONAL BEST PRACTICES

for LME ASSESSMENT and MANAGEMENT

Workshop convened at GEF – IWC8 Negombo, Sri Lanka

May 9, 2016

Kenneth Sherman, NOAALME Program

Andrew Hudson, UNDPWater and Ocean Governance Programme

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Large Marine Ecosystems are Naturally Formed Coastal Ocean Management Areas

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80% OF THE WORLD’S FISHERIES CATCHES ARE PRODUCED IN 66 LARGE MARINE ECOSYSTEMS

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Courtesy of Villy Christensen, UBC, Fisheries Centre

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ESTIMATED SOCIOECONOMIC VALUE

OF LMEsGoods and Services Contribute

$12.6 Trillion Annually to the Global Economy

Costanza et al. , NATURE, Vol. 287/ 15 May 19976

5 MODULES WITH INDICATORS

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• 1992 Rio “Prevent, reduce, and control degradation of the marine environment so as to maintain and improve its life support and productive capacities”

• 2002 Johannesburg “Encourage the application by 2010 of the ecosystem approach”

• 2012 Rio +20 “We therefore commit to protect and restore the health, productivity, and resilience of oceans and marine ecosystems….”

Ecosystem Based Management of LMEs Supported by Agreed Upon Coastal Ocean

Goals of 3 UN Environmental Summits

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Innovative Fusion Between Natural Science (Productivity, Fish & Fisheries, Pollution &

Ecosystem Health) metrics and

Social Science (Socioeconomics, Governance) metricsIntegrated with the

GEF Supported TDA – SAP ProjectImplementation Process

GEF – LME Project Pathway to Science Supported United Nations’ EBM Practice

Requires

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The 15 Fastest Warming

LMEs (1982-2006

Fusion Between LME Theory and LME - Assessment and Management

TO EBM Practice

5 Modules

ProductivityFish & FisheriesPollution & Ecosystem HealthSocioeconomicGovernance

Integrated via TDA SAP Practice Process

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LMEs are Global Centers of Effort to Introduce Ecosystem

Based Management (EBM) Practices in Support of

Sustaining Coastal Ocean Goods and Services

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ARCTICNORTH AMERICAEUROPESOUTH AMERICAASIA AFRICAANTARCTIC

GLOBAL MEGAREGIONAL LME NETWORKS

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Arctic Council Actions and LMEsReference Document PAME May 2013 & LME Volumes/Journals ICES

Faroe Plateau LME Aleutian Islands LMEIceland Shelf and Sea LME West Bering Sea LMEGreenland Sea LME Northern Bering-Chukchi Seas LMENorwegian Sea LME Central Arctic Ocean LMEBarents Sea LME Beaufort Sea LMEKara Sea LME Hudson Bay Complex LMELaptev Sea LME Newfoundland-Labrador Shelf LMEEast Siberian Sea LME Canadian High Arctic-North LMEEast Bering Sea LME Greenland LME

MEGAREGIONAL LME NETWORK

ARCTIC LMEs

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United States – EBM-NOP, ICES/PICES, LME Volumes/Journals

Northeast US Continental Shelf LMESoutheast US Continental Shelf LME

Gulf of Mexico LMECalifornia Current LME

Gulf of Alaska LMEEast Bering Sea LMEAleutian Islands LME

Northern Bering-Chukchi Seas LMEBeaufort Sea LME

West Bering Sea LMECaribbean Sea LME

Insular Pacific-Hawaiian LME

NORTH AMERICAN LMEs

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Canada - Arctic Council and LME Volumes, NAFO-ICES, PICES

Scotian Shelf LMENewfoundland-Labrador Shelf LME

Hudson Bay Complex LMECanadian High Arctic-North Greenland LME

Canadian Eastern Arctic-West Greenland LMEBeaufort Sea LMEGulf of Alaska LME

NORTH AMERICAN LMEs (cont.)

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LME Volumes/Journals, ICES-HELCOM

North Sea LMECeltic-Biscay Shelf LME

Iberian Coastal LME(GEF) Baltic Sea LME(GEF) Black Sea LMENorwegian Sea LME

Barents Sea LME

EUROPEAN LMEs

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Latin American LMEs - LME Volumes/Journals

(GEF) Gulf of Mexico LME(GEF) Caribbean Sea LME (MOU)

(GEF) North Brazil Shelf LMEEast Brazil Shelf LME

South Brazil Shelf LMEPatagonian Shelf LME

(GEF) Humboldt Current LMEPacific Central-American LME

Gulf of California LME

LATIN AMERICAN LMEs

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African LMEs - Volumes/Journals, BCLME Commission, RFOs, African Caucus

(GEF) Canary Current LME(GEF) Guinea Current LME

(GEF) Benguela Current LME(GEF) Somali Coastal Current LME

(GEF) Agulhas Current LME(GEF) Red Sea LME

(GEF) Mediterranean Sea LME

AFRICAN LMEs

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Asian LME - LME Volumes/Journals, PICES, NOWPAP, RFOs

(GEF) Yellow Sea LMEEast China Sea LME

(GEF) South China Sea LME(GEF) Indonesian Sea LME

(GEF) Sulu Celebes Sea LME(GEF) Bay of Bengal LME

(GEF) Gulf of Thailand LMENorth Australian Shelf LME

Northeast Australian Shelf LMEWest-Central Australian Shelf LME

ASIAN LMEs

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Asian LME - LME Volumes/Journals, PICES, NOWPAP, RFOs

Northwest Australian Shelf LMEEast-Central Australian Shelf LMESoutheast Australian Shelf LMESouthwest Australian Shelf LMENorthwest Australian Shelf LME

New Zealand Shelf LMEKuroshio Current LMEOyashio Current LME

Sea of Japan/East Sea LMEOkhotsk Sea LMEArabian Sea LME

ASIAN LMEs (cont.)

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Initial Commission for Ecosystem Based Management

of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR)

Meet regularly to assess changing ecological conditions affecting living marine resources

from an ecosystem perspective

ANTARCTIC LME

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1995-2014 $3.15 billion

2014-2018 $2.86 billion

Total EBM/LME support to developing countries $6.01 billion

From Theory to PracticeGEF Financial Support For Planning &

Implementing EBM Goals in LMEs

22 LMEs with GEF-Supported EBM Projects since 1994

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“Today the LME approach is the cornerstone of the GEF strategy for ocean and coastal conservation, and the GEF is

the leading global funding source for transboundary water systems.”

From Coast to Coast: Celebrating 20 Years of Transboundary Management of Our Shared Oceans, Chapter 1 Sustaining the World’s Large Marine Ecosystems (2015). GEF, Washington, DC. 178 p. ISBN 978-92-808-6068-9.