larp collaboration meeting, april 19, 2007super-ferric fast cycling sps – henryk piekarz1 lhc...

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LARP Collaboration Meeting, April 19, 2007 Super-Ferric Fast Cycling SPS – Henryk Piekarz 1 LHC Accelerator Research Program bnl-fnal-lbnl-slac - Motivation - Magnet choice for the SF-SPS - The SF-SPS accelerator arrangement - Summary Super-Ferric Injector in the SPS Tunnel

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LARP Collaboration Meeting, April 19, 2007Super-Ferric Fast Cycling SPS – Henryk Piekarz3 New SPS Magnet Considerations As an injector to the LHC the SPS magnets must have a very high quality B-field to preserve good beam emittance at injection to LHC, necessary e.g. to minimize beam losses and facilitate good LHC performance. The magnetic field in the gap is affected by both the conductor and the core. Maintaining a high quality B-field in the magnet gap during a fast ramping or cycling operation is a very difficult task due to significant AC power losses caused by eddy currents and magnetization with conductor embedded in the magnetic flux. For the conductor dominated magnetic design, however, the required current in the coil is minimized by using multiple windings. Therefore, most of the fast cycling magnets use this option, but significant difficulties are encountered in the operation of such magnets due to AC losses. To minimize the effect of the AC losses we propose to consider for the new SPS a CORE dominated magnetic design in a super-ferric regime, hence SF-SPS.

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Page 1: LARP Collaboration Meeting, April 19, 2007Super-Ferric Fast Cycling SPS – Henryk Piekarz1 LHC Accelerator Research Program bnl-fnal-lbnl-slac - Motivation

LARP Collaboration Meeting, April 19, 2007

Super-Ferric Fast Cycling SPS – Henryk Piekarz 1

LHC Accelerator Research Programbnl-fnal-lbnl-slac

- Motivation- Magnet choice for the SF-SPS- The SF-SPS accelerator arrangement- Summary

Super-Ferric Injector in the SPS Tunnel

Page 2: LARP Collaboration Meeting, April 19, 2007Super-Ferric Fast Cycling SPS – Henryk Piekarz1 LHC Accelerator Research Program bnl-fnal-lbnl-slac - Motivation

LARP Collaboration Meeting, April 19, 2007

Super-Ferric Fast Cycling SPS – Henryk Piekarz 2

Motivation

Replace current SPS accelerator with a machine that will enable to: (1) Inject/stack two proton beams in the LHC (or in the LER, a possible pre-injector for the DLHC) (2) Cycle two proton beams at 0.5 Hz (2 sec cycle) for the neutrino physics and other FT experiments

Current CERN accelerator complex

LER injector in LHC tunnel

Page 3: LARP Collaboration Meeting, April 19, 2007Super-Ferric Fast Cycling SPS – Henryk Piekarz1 LHC Accelerator Research Program bnl-fnal-lbnl-slac - Motivation

LARP Collaboration Meeting, April 19, 2007

Super-Ferric Fast Cycling SPS – Henryk Piekarz 3

New SPS Magnet Considerations

As an injector to the LHC the SPS magnets must have a very high quality B-field to preserve good beam emittance at injection to LHC, necessary e.g. to minimize beam losses and facilitate good LHC performance. The magnetic field in the gap is affected by both the conductor and the core. Maintaining a high quality B-field in the magnet gap during a fast ramping or cycling operation is a very difficult task due to significant AC power losses caused by eddy currents and magnetization with conductor embedded in the magnetic flux.

For the conductor dominated magnetic design, however, the required currentin the coil is minimized by using multiple windings. Therefore, most of the fast cycling magnets use this option, but significant difficulties are encountered in the operationof such magnets due to AC losses.

To minimize the effect of the AC losses we propose to consider for the new SPS a CORE dominated magnetic design in a super-ferric regime, hence SF-SPS.

Page 4: LARP Collaboration Meeting, April 19, 2007Super-Ferric Fast Cycling SPS – Henryk Piekarz1 LHC Accelerator Research Program bnl-fnal-lbnl-slac - Motivation

LARP Collaboration Meeting, April 19, 2007

Super-Ferric Fast Cycling SPS – Henryk Piekarz 4

SF-SPS Magnet Consideration, part 2

We propose a “frame” type core due to:

- high-quality B-field in the magnet gap - minimized conductor effect on the B-field in the gap - minimized physical size, and thus the magnet cost

This magnetic design is for a 2 Tesla field in a 40 mm gap, with a single conductor winding of 87 kA current, and a laminated (1mm) Fe3%Si core.

Very little of magnetic flux crosses conductor.

Page 5: LARP Collaboration Meeting, April 19, 2007Super-Ferric Fast Cycling SPS – Henryk Piekarz1 LHC Accelerator Research Program bnl-fnal-lbnl-slac - Motivation

LARP Collaboration Meeting, April 19, 2007

Super-Ferric Fast Cycling SPS – Henryk Piekarz 5

Conductor Considerations

Observation: - For the current of ~100 kA a superconductor cable must be used - About 300 strands of NbTi, or HTS can carry 100 kA current at 5 K

Here are some possible SF-SPS conductor arrangements:

Page 6: LARP Collaboration Meeting, April 19, 2007Super-Ferric Fast Cycling SPS – Henryk Piekarz1 LHC Accelerator Research Program bnl-fnal-lbnl-slac - Motivation

LARP Collaboration Meeting, April 19, 2007

Super-Ferric Fast Cycling SPS – Henryk Piekarz 6

Crudely Estimated Conductor AC Losses

Cabletype

dB/dT

[T/s]

B max

[T]

Power loss

[W/m]

2 T cycle time [s]

4 T cycle time

[s]

2 T cycle power loss per ring [kW]

4 T cycle power loss per ring [kW]

NbTi single winding

2 2 1 2 n.a. 7 n.a.

HTS-344S single winding

2 2 0.1 2 n.a. 0.7 n.a.

NbTi (GSI) multiplewinding

1 4 3 4 8 21 21

The NbTi and HTS-344S single cable power losses are estimated.The NbTi multiple winding of GSI cable losses are measured.

The required cooling power for the SPS single ring based on the GSI-type magnetsis equal in size to the one LHC cryo-plant.

Page 7: LARP Collaboration Meeting, April 19, 2007Super-Ferric Fast Cycling SPS – Henryk Piekarz1 LHC Accelerator Research Program bnl-fnal-lbnl-slac - Motivation

LARP Collaboration Meeting, April 19, 2007

Super-Ferric Fast Cycling SPS – Henryk Piekarz 7

Possible Cycling Times with SF-SPSAs a result of low cooling power demand in SF-SPS magnet we assume two rings (DSF-SPS) will accelerate interchangeably beams from PS2 leading to the following cycling times:

(1) Collider operation; T cycle ~ 14 sec / beam including ~10 sec stacking time (current SPS super-cycle / beam ~ 22 sec) (2) Fixed Target operations; T cycle ~ 2 sec (current minimum cycle / beam ~ 8 sec)

Page 8: LARP Collaboration Meeting, April 19, 2007Super-Ferric Fast Cycling SPS – Henryk Piekarz1 LHC Accelerator Research Program bnl-fnal-lbnl-slac - Motivation

LARP Collaboration Meeting, April 19, 2007

Super-Ferric Fast Cycling SPS – Henryk Piekarz 8

Proposed DSF-SPS Accelerator Arrangement

DSF-SPS arrangement:- Single transmission-line conductor, PS and CL per ring- Both rings will share interchangeably a common RF power

Page 9: LARP Collaboration Meeting, April 19, 2007Super-Ferric Fast Cycling SPS – Henryk Piekarz1 LHC Accelerator Research Program bnl-fnal-lbnl-slac - Motivation

LARP Collaboration Meeting, April 19, 2007

Super-Ferric Fast Cycling SPS – Henryk Piekarz 9

DSF-SPS Power Supply and Current Leads

DSF-SPS Power supply design (S. Hays) will be based on the MI power supply, withexception that it will be twice the MI PS power. The current leads (Y. Huang) will use the HTS cable with increasing number ofstrands as the cold end of the copper leads is approached.

Page 10: LARP Collaboration Meeting, April 19, 2007Super-Ferric Fast Cycling SPS – Henryk Piekarz1 LHC Accelerator Research Program bnl-fnal-lbnl-slac - Motivation

LARP Collaboration Meeting, April 19, 2007

Super-Ferric Fast Cycling SPS – Henryk Piekarz 10

DSF-SPS Magnets

Magnet list is based on a preliminary lattice design by J. Johnstone. The arc magnets are combined function dipoles. Cell length = 63.99 mPhase / cell = 92.50 , β max = 96.4 m, η max = 3.81 m

Cell type Magnet type L magnet [m] B [T] B’ [T/m] Number

Arc sections GF/GD QF QTF

7.165 0.660 0.339

1.9 +/- 4.7 +/- 70.00 +/- 70.00

744 6 6

Straight sections QF/QD

0.660 +/- 70.00 48

Total 804

Page 11: LARP Collaboration Meeting, April 19, 2007Super-Ferric Fast Cycling SPS – Henryk Piekarz1 LHC Accelerator Research Program bnl-fnal-lbnl-slac - Motivation

LARP Collaboration Meeting, April 19, 2007

Super-Ferric Fast Cycling SPS – Henryk Piekarz 11

DSF-SPS Cost Estimate

This crude cost estimate is based on the cost studies forthe VLHC with an updated material cost to the 2006 $.

DSF-SPS subsystem [$M]

Arc magnets*) 200

Correctors 10

RF system 40

Beam pipe vacuum system

20

Cryogenic plant 20

Magnet R&D 5

Prototyping 5

Total 300

Page 12: LARP Collaboration Meeting, April 19, 2007Super-Ferric Fast Cycling SPS – Henryk Piekarz1 LHC Accelerator Research Program bnl-fnal-lbnl-slac - Motivation

LARP Collaboration Meeting, April 19, 2007

Super-Ferric Fast Cycling SPS – Henryk Piekarz 12

Summary

- The DSF-SPS accelerator will provide high quality beams for the injection to the LHC shortening the LHC cycle in the same time

and

- It will allow for a 4-fold increase of target power for the neutrino experiments.