las mejores 100 romanticas

7/31/2019 Las Mejores 100 Romanticas

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CFVCPCLJCFVCPCLJCFVCPCLJCFVCPCLJCFVCPCLJ$BCLGAC' B GG

]gjijr szj rcfjvAC6*szj jr an ða}gln szj xgmn

LG*szj jr}nw mjrjrxjvcmn

w rjoði lgr ac}gmnrAC6*

in lj szjmc lzbdn }gjlxn c lg ecunv)LG*

W ci}jr mj xjvmjvAC6*mj ugr}c lg bclgin

LG*szgjvn lgvcv}j zi xnbn

w rnócv szj ja mjr}ginAC6*

jr ̀ zi}n c }ì! lg clnvLG*

Szçmc}j zi rjozimn cszìAC6.e"c dcbjvlj bnlxcóìc

RG*w szçmc}j }ci}g}n lãr

AC6.e"szgjvn rji}gv}j lìc)

RG*

W cfvãpclj) ) ) w cfvãpcljAC6* LGw cfvãpclj) ) ) w cfvãpclj

AC6* LG

Dnw lj dj mcmn bzji}cAC6*szj in dcfìc rji}gmn

LG*}ci}n lgjmn ci}jr szj wn in mjbgmn

AC6*szj Mgnr an dcbj lj`nv

LG*

W cfvãpclj) ) ) w cfvãpcljAC6* LG

w cfvãpclj) ) ) w cfvãpcljAC6* RG*

Mclj zic vcpòi xcvc szjmcvljACwn in szgjvn }z bnlxcrgòi!

RG*szgjvn szj jr}jr bnilgon

ACdcr}c szj lj dcwc gmn

RG*

W cfvãpclj) ) ) w cfvãpcljAC6* LGw cfvãpclj) ) ) w cfvãpclj

AC6* LG

rj vjxg}j ac xvgljvc jr}vnec

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=8 W 68=8 W 68=8 W 68=8 W 68=8 W 68$@NRÇ @NRÇ'

Lji}gvcr rni }nmcr lji}gvcrLgl Acl?

bnrcr szj mgbj ac oji}jVJ? RNA?L

mjbgv szj jr}j clnv jr xvndgfgmnLgl Acl?

szj }jion =8 w }z 68Rna° RG?

Szj wn rnw n}nón ji }z ugmcLgl Acl?

w }z jvjr mzabj xvglcujvcVJ? RNA?L

in rcfji szj ozcvmn zi ujvcinLgl Acl?

szj bzcimn }j lgvn }j szjlcRG? Lgl

Bzcvji}c w ujgi}j bzcvji}c w ujgi}jLG? Acl VJ? RNA

jr ja clnv an szj glxnv}c w inLgl Rna° RG?

an szj mgoc ac oji}jLgl

bzcvji}c w ujgi}j bzcvji}c w ujgi}jLG? Acl VJ? RNA

}nlc lg lcin bclgic bnilgonLgl Rna¸ RG?

lgvcimn mj evji}jLgl

In glxnv}c szj c lg in lj ji}gjimciLgl Acl?

w szj xnv an fc`n bnlji}jiVJ? RNA?L

szj jtgr}j zic ovci mgejvjibgcLgl Acl?

szj }jion bzcvji}c w }z ujgi}jRna¸ RG?

Szj wn }jion lzbdcr ugujibgcrLgl Acl?

w }z }gjijr }ci}c ginbjibgcVJ? RNA?L

in rcfji szj izjr}vn rjbvj}nLgl Acl?

jr }z ̀ zuji}zm w lg jtxjvgjibgcRG? Lgl i

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CIOJACIOJACIOJACIOJACIOJA$BDVGR]GCI BCR]VN' B G

Szgrgjvc clcv}j dcr}c ja clcijbjv

RNA VJfjrcv}j aji}clji}j w xjvmjvlj xnv }z xgja

MN RNA= RG?jibni}vcvlj bni }zr acfgnr ji zi fjrn rgi egica

Lgl Acl}nmn xnv }z clnv ròan mclj zic rjócaMN VJ

Ãioja szj mcr azp c lg ugmc!RNA VJ Lgljvjr ja cgvj szj szgjvn vjrxgvcv

MN RNA Aclcioja szj cagugcr lgr djvgmcr!

VJ RNAin }j caj`jr szj lzjvn rg in jr}ãrEC Acl? VJ

Ji ac inbdj lj mjrujacr rgi xgjmcmRNA VJ

ca vjbnvvjv }z glcoji ji lg }vgr}j rnajmcmMN RNA= RG?

ezog}gun mja mnanv unw fzrbcimn zic gazrgòiLgl Acl

mclj zic rjóca xcvc bvjjv ji jr}j clnvMN VJ

Ãioja aaçuclj ji }zr cacrRNA VJ Lglc ac bglc mj jr}j ovci clnv

MN RNA Aclji }z calc uguj lg jrxjvcipc

VJ RNAji }zr lcinr jr}ã lg bnvcpòi

EC Acl? VJ

]z lg ãiojaMN RNAgazlgic izjr}vn clnvAcl? RNA

}ð lg ãioja jjjjjdddd

MN RNA LG

Ãioja szj mcr azp c lg ugmc!AC LG Ec"ljvjr ja cgvj szj szgjvn vjrxgvcv

VJ AC RglÃioja szj cagugcr lgr djvgmcr!LG ACin }j caj`jr szj lzjvn rg in jr}ãr

RNA Rgl? LG

Ãioja aaçuclj ji }zr cacrAC LG Ec"l

c ac bglc mj jr}j ovci clnvVJ AC Rglji }z calc uguj lg jrxjvcipc

LG ACji }zr lcinr jr}ã lg bnvcpòi

RNA R£l? LG

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CFVCPCLJCFVCPCLJCFVCPCLJCFVCPCLJCFVCPCLJ$CAJ@CIMVN EJVICIMJP' B GGG

CfvãpcljLgl

w in lj mgocr icmc ròan cfvãpcljAcl

lj fcr}c }z lgvcmc xcvc bnlxvjimjv

VJ? RNAszj }ð }j gvcrRG?

cfvãpcljLgl

bnln rg ezjvc cdnvc ac xvgljvc ujpAcl

bnln rg lj szgrgjvcr dnw gozca szj cwjvVJ? RNA

cfvãpcljRG?

) ) ) Rg }ð }j ucrLgl,LG? Acl}j naugmcvãr szj zi mìc! dcbj }gjlxn wc

VJ? RNAbzcimn çvclnr cði igónr lj jlxjpcr}j c clcv

Lgl Aclw wn }j mg lg ugmc w }j uc) ) )cr

RG? Lgl LG?

Rg }ð }j ucrAcl

wc icmc rjvã izjr}vn }z }j aajucvãrVJ? RNA

ji zi ròan lnlji}n zic j}jvigmcmLgl Acl

lj szjmcvç rgi icmc) rg }j ucrRG? Lgl RG?

Cfvãpclj w in lj mgocr icmc ròan cfvãpcljLgl Acl

in szgjvn szj }j ucwcr xjvn rj lzw fgjiVJ? RNA

szj }ð }j gvcr )))))CfvãpcljRG? Lgl

bnln rg ezjvc cdnvc ac xvgljvc ujpAcl

bnln rg lj szgrgjvcr dnw gozca szj cwjvVJ? RNA

cfvãpcljRG?)))))Rg }ð }j ucr

Lgl,LG? Acllj szjmcvã ja rgajibgn xcvc bniujvrcv

VJ? RNAac rnlfvc mj }z bzjvxn w ac rnajmcm

Lgl Aclrjvãi lgr bnlxcójvcr rg }j uc) ) cr

RG? Lgl LG?Rg }ð }j ucr

Aclrj gvã bni}gon ja }gjlxn w lg lj`nv jmcm

VJ? RNA

}j rjozgvç szjvgjimn bcmc mìc lãrLgl Acl}j jrxjvcvç c szj uzjaucr) ) ) rg }ð }j ucr)

RG? Lgl

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CDNVCCDNVCCDNVCCDNVCCDNVC$CAFJV]N XACPC' B G

Bnln xzjmjr mjbgv szj in dc xcrcmn icmcMN Lglmjrxzjr mj }nmn ja mnanv szj bczrcr}j ji lg bnvcpni

EC RNAwn szgrj dcr}c lnvgv mjrxzjr mj }z xcv}gmc

MN Lglw cdnvc uzjaujr }vciszgac bzcimn wc rj cbcfn ja clnvVjl RNA

w jr szj rgi }g lj dj xjvmg ji zi acvon giugjvinEC RNA Acl

ja mnanv rj lj dgpn j}jvin w dnw vjrza}c szj }zLgl EC RNA?

Cdnvc! cdnvc mgbjr szj lj clcrMN Lgl Acl

cdnvc szj in szjmc icmcRNA Vjl}j lzjvjr mj clnv xnv lg

EC RNAcdnvc mjrxzjr szj }j aanvcfc c vgnrMN Lgl Acl

mjrxzjr mj an szj wn dj rzevgmnRNA EC

cdnvc xnv egi! cdnvc rcfvcr an szj lj dgbgr}j ugugvMN Vjl RNA? EC,MN

Ja mgc ji szj }j ezgr}j bninbg ja giegjvinMN Lglja evgn ac rnajmcm! ja lgjmn c unaujv c clcv

Vjl RNAw jr szj rgi }g bcmc inbdj ezj zi }nvlji}n

EC RNA Acl

bcmc mgc zi izjun gi}ji}nLgl ECxnv cvvcibcv}j mj lg ) )g w

RGf,RNA

Bzcimn jrc aazugc$EC'lj onaxjcfc ji ac uji}cic

MNin xnmgc mnvlgv

EC}j jrxjvcfc! fzrbcfc }z bzjvxn }z nanv

RNA

w rzlgmn ji zi lcv mj mnanv)AC VJ

Rgl Lgl RNA AC?

Cdnvc mjrxzjr szj }j aanvcfc c vgnrVJ Ec"l Rgl

mjrxzjr mj an szj wn dj rzevgmnAC RNA

cdnvc xnv egi! cdnvc rcfvcr an szj lj dgbgr}j ugugvVJ Lgl AC? VJ

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C XC XC XC XC XZVN MNANVZVN MNANVZVN MNANVZVN MNANVZVN MNANV$RNI FW ENZV'

Xjvmnic rg }j jr}nw aaclcimn ji jr}j lnlji}nMN RNA Acl

xjvn lj dcbìc eca}c jrbzbdcv mj izjunLgl EC

cziszj rjc zi gir}ci}j }z vjrxgvcbgòiMN RNA

Mgrbzaxc rç szj jr}nw ugnacimn izjr}vn ̀ zvclji}nMN RNA Acl

rç szj jr}ãr bni caozgji! szj in jr ja lnlji}nLgl EC

xjvn dcw caon zvoji}j szj mjbgv}j dnwMN RNA

Jr}nw lzvgjimn! lzvgjimn xnv ujv}jAcl RNA EC RNA

conigpcimn lzw aji}n w lzw ezjv}jAcl RNA EC RNA

Ugmc mjuzçaujlj lgr eci}crìcrMN RNA Acl

lgr ocicr mj ugugv ac ugmc! mjuzçaujlj ja cgvjRNA EC MN RNA

Bcvgón lgn! rgi }g wn lj rgji}n ucbìnMN RNA Acl

acr }cvmjr rni zi acfjvgi}nRNA EC

acr inbdjr lj rcfji c xzvn mnanvMN RNA EC MN

Szgrgjvc mjbgv}j szj dnw jr}nw mj lcvcugaac!MN RNA Acl

szj in lj dc cejb}cmn an mj }z xcv}gmc!Lgl ECxjvn bni zi mjmn in rj }cxc ja rna

MN RNA

$Rzfj zi }nin'

Ugmc mjuzçaujlj lgr eci}crìcrVJ AC Rgllgr ocicr mj ugugv ac ugmc

AC RNAmjuzçaujlj ja cgvj jd jd jd jd

VJ AC

Bcvgón lìn! rgi }g wn lj rgji}n ucbìnVJ AC Rgl

acr }cvmjr rni zi acfjvgi}nAC RNA

acr inbdjr lj rcfji c xzvn mnanvVJ AC RNA VJ

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CLCV CLCIMNCLCV CLCIMNCLCV CLCIMNCLCV CLCIMNCLCV CLCIMN$OGICLCVGC DGMCAON' B GGG

Clcv clcv clcv! clcv mj evji}j

Acl LG Aclclcv mjrmj ac ugmc dcr}c ac lzjv}jAC? Vjl .bclcv! clcv acr bnrcr w ac oji}jLG Acl .oclcv mj bcvc ca rna rgi jrbnimjvrj cwRG? LG

='6,8 :'2,6

Clcv bnln clc ja igón rzr ̀ zozj}jrAcl LG Aclclcv bnln clc ja xã`cvn rz igmnAC? Vjl .bclcv clcv ac eanv clcv ja }vgon

LG Acl .ow }z bgi}zvc evjrbc mj vnbgn cd#RG? LG

In xzjmn ugugv rgi clcv clcimnAcl LG Acl

clcv bnln }j clç w lj dcr clcmnAC? Vjl .bclcv! clcv rgi szj rjc xjbcmnLG Acl .oclcv! clcv clcv clcimn

RG? LG

$Vjbg}cmn' bni anr lgrlnr cbnvmjr

Clcv jr mcv ac ugmc c bcmc vc}nClcv jr in dcbjv }vclxcr w mcv ac bcvcClcv jr ̀ zocvrj xnv rz xzjfanClcv bnln }j clç w }ð lj clcfcr

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CFVCPCLJCFVCPCLJCFVCPCLJCFVCPCLJCFVCPCLJ$JMOCV NBJVCIRKW' B GG

Cfvcpclj! ) ) ) ) ) ) szj ji jr}c inbdj in bnirgonVJ?L Acl.e",Lg= Lgl7

mj`cv mj }jlfacv mj evgn

szj wc fcr}c mja bcr}gon ) ) mj jr}cv rgi }z bnvcpni

AC? Rgf° VJ?Lcfvcpclj ) ) ) ) ) ) szj izibc rzxj cbnr}zlfvcvljVJ?L Acl.e",Lg= Lgl7

c anr rzj}jvjr mj jr}clfvjLgl

szj in rj bnln }cxcvlj rgi }zr lcinr rgi }z xgjaAC? Rnal? VJ

) ) Cfvcpclj szj }jion evgnAcl?,VJ? RNA Rnl?

szj jr}nw ujibgmn szj jr}nw bcircmn w djvgmnVJ?L Ec"l? RG?,7szj in glxnv}c rg lj mgbjr szj dj xjvmgmn wc an rjLgl7 AC? Rgf° VJ?L,Acl?,VJ?cfvcpclj ) ) ) ) ) szj in rj ) ) ) bnln rnr}jijvlj

RNA Rnal? VJ?L Ec"l?rgi }zr fvcpnr rgi }z ugji}vjLgl7

rgi }z vgrc mj vjxji}j rgi jrc lgvcmc czrji}jRgf° AC?

rgi }z lcin ca bclgicv ) ) ) ) ) ) cfvcpcljRgf° VJ?L

CRG EZJCRG EZJCRG EZJCRG EZJCRG EZJ$GRCFJA X CI]N@C'

Xjvmnic rg }j dcon aanvcv! xjvmnic rg }j dcon rzevgvRNA Acl

xjvn jr szj in jr}ã ji lgr lcinrMN VJ

xjvn jr szj in jr}c ji lgr lcinrMN VJ

lj dj jiclnvcmn lj dj jiclnvcmnLgl VJlj jiclnvç

RNAxjvmnic rg }j bczrn mnanv

RNAxjvmnic rg }j mgon dnw cmgòrAcl

bnln mjbgvaj szj }j clnMN VJ

bnln mjbgvaj szj }j clnMN VJ

rg ja lj dc xvjozi}cmn

Lglaj dj mgbdn szj in aj dj mgbdn szj inVJ RNA

Rnw dnijr}c bni ja w bni}gonRNA

c ça an szgjvn w c }g }j dj naugmcmnAcl

rg }z szgjvjr rjvjlnr clgonrMN

wn }j cwzmn c naugmcv ja xcrcmnVJ

In }j cejvvjr in }j cejvvjrLgl VJ

c zi glxnrgfaj! wc in }j dcocrMN Aclig lj dcocr lcr mcón! ndndnd

MN VJ

]z fgji rcfjr szj in ezj lg bzaxcRNA}z }j ezgr}j rgi mjbgvlj icmc

Aclw c xjrcv szj aanvç bnln izibc

MNwn rjozgc mj }ì jiclnvcmc! xjvn }j ezgr}j

VJ Lglw szj vjovjrcfcr! in lj mg`gr}j

VJ MNw rgi lcr icmc! xnv szj in rçAcl MN

xjvn ezj crì ) ))crg ezjVJ RNA

]j fvgimç ac lj`nv mj acr rzjv}jrRNA

lj xvnxzrj in dcfacv}j ig ujv}jAcl

w dnw szj dcr uzja}n wc ujr rnan dcw icmcMN

wc in xzjmn ig mjfn szjvjv}jVJ

wc in }j cln! lj dj jiclnvcmnLgl VJ

mj zi rjv mgugin mj zi fzji clnvMN Acl

szj lj jirjón ) ) ) c naugmcv! w c xjvmnicvMN VJ RNA

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FCIMGMNFCIMGMNFCIMGMNFCIMGMNFCIMGMN$CAFJV]N XACPC' B GG

Jr}c lðrgbc jr }zwcRNA VJ

}zr ujvrnr }z xnjrìcMN RNA

wn mj }ci}n xjircv ji }g

MN RNAaajozç c bvjjv szj jvci lìnrAcl? Vj=,VJ

xcacfvcr mj clnvRNA VJ

cbnvmjr w ljanmìcrMN RNA

szj vnfç mj }z bnvcpòiMN RNA

w cdnvc rni lg cajovìcAcl? Vj=,VJ

Xnvszj rnw zi xjvejb}n fcimgmn

MN Rgl Lgl .mszj dc }nlcmn }z clnv xnv crca}nMN Acl VJ

Xnvszj ugun ji }z izfj rzfgmnMN Rgl Lgl .m

W bcmc mìc bni}gonMN

xzjmn unacv zi xnbn lãr ca}nAcl VJ

Jr}c xãogic jr }zwcRNA VJ

W jr }zwc ac eci}crìcMN RNA

mjvvclcmc rnfvj zi xcxja

MN RNAcszì jr}ãr ugmc lìcAcl? Vj=,VJ

Lg unp jr }z unpRNA VJ

lgr lcinr }clfgçi rni }zwcrMN RNA

wn jrbvgfn jr}cr aìijcrMN RNA

Xjvn }ð acr girxgvcrAcl? Vj=,VJ

Xnvszj rnw zi xjvejb}n fcimgmn

MN Rgl Lglszj dc jibni}vcmn ji }zr fvcpnr mjrbcirnMN Acl VJ

dcr xnrcmn }z vgrc ji lg aaci}nMN Rgl Lgl

vjajocimn ca naugmnMN

ac xjic ja mnanv w ja jrxci}nAcl VJ

Xnvszj rnw zi xjvejb}n fcimgmnMN Rgl Lgl .m

szj dc }nlcmn }z clnv xnv crca}nMN Acl VJ

Xnvszj ugun ji }zr fjrnr bcz}gunMN Rgl Lgl .mszç lãr xzjmn xjmgv

MNszç lãr xzjmn xjmgv

Rgl MN VJ?

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FVCPNR MJA RNAFVCPNR MJA RNAFVCPNR MJA RNAFVCPNR MJA RNAFVCPNR MJA RNA$CAJ@CIMVN EGAGN'

Dnw lj ugin ac ocic! szj in acr lzrcrMN RNAdnw in }jion xvj}jt}nr ig mgrbzaxcEC RNA Aclxcvc bci}cv}j c }g

RNAxcvc jrbvgfgv}j zi ujvrn w mjrbnaocv}j mjrmj cszìLG Acl .o ECdcr}c acr ocicr mj ac lcócic wc xnv ujig ) )gv

MN RNA EC

Dnw xvgljvn mja rjozimn mja cónRNA MN RNAlgji}vcr jr}c lz`jv vnlxj ja jrxcbgnEC RNA Aclxcvc giuji}cvrj ca egi

RNAxcvc lgvcvac }nmc ji ja rgajibgn w mj xjvegaLG Acl .o EC}nln rzr lcinr bnln jrbjicvgn xcvc jtgr}gv)

MN RNA EC

W jr szj in glxnv}c szj mgociMN

szj jr}ã }vgaacmnRNA LGdcfacv mj clnv szj lcamgoci

Aclrg in dci xvnfcmnECac inbdj ji rzr fvcpnr mj rna)

Vjl RNA

W jr szj in glxnv}c szj mgociMN

szj jr}ã }vgaacmnRNA LG

dcfacv mj clnv szj lcamgociAcl

rg in dci xvnfcmnECac inbdj ji rzr fvcpnr ) ) ) ) ) mja ) ) rna

MN Vjl,RNA? ECmz vz mz mz mzMN RNA EC

Rj mj}gjij ja vjan` rnfvj inrn}vnrRNA MN RNAbcji acr mgjp szj vjrfcaci xnv rzr dnlfvnrEC RNA Aclw rj bzjac ac azp

RNAszj rj jivjmc ji }z xjan xjvn ac agfjvcr }ðLG Acl .o ECnvn w mgclci}j xnv zi gir}ci}j mj }nin cpza

MN RNA EC

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FCGAFCGAFCGAFCGAFCGACV XJOCMNRCV XJOCMNRCV XJOCMNRCV XJOCMNRCV XJOCMNR$RJVOGN MCALC'

Fcgacv mj aj`nr in jr fcgacv!MN RNA? MN*jr bnln jr}cv fcgacimn rnan

Vjl}ð fcgacimn ji }z unabãi w c mnr lj}vnr mj }g

EC RNA?fcgacimn wn ji ja xnan)MN RNA?

Xvnfjlnr zic rnac ujp!MN RNA? MN*fcgacv xjocmnr bnln c ezjon

Vjlcfvcpcmnr ca bnlxãr! rgi rjxcvcv ̀ clãr

EC RNA?}z bzjvxn mj lg bzjvxn)

MN RNA?

Fcgacv xjocmnr jr fcgacv!MN

Gozca szj fcgac ja lcv bni anr mjaegijrLgl EC

bnvcpòi bni bnvcpòi!Vjl

ji zi rnan rcaòi mnr fcgacvgijrRNA? MN RNA?

cfvcpcmìrglnr anr mnr!MN

cbcvgbgãimninr! rgi}gçimninr ac xgjaLgl Vjl

Izjr}vc fcacmc uc c rnicv! uclnr c xvnfcvEC VJ?

Xvnfcv ja cv}j mj unacv)RNA LG?fcgacv xjocmnr ) ) jr fcgacv

Acl Acl? ECfcgacv xjocmnr jr fcgacv! ) ) jr fcgacv)

Acl Acl? EC RNA? MN

Ujvãr ac lðrgbc mjrxzçr!MN RNA? MN*}j uc xgmgjimn zi fjrn c ovg}nr

VjlW }j rzfj xnv anr xgjr! zi caon szj in ujr

EC RNA?Xnvszj izibc rj dc jrbvg}n)MN RNA?

2 8 6 3

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BNANV JRXJVCIPCBNANV JRXJVCIPCBNANV JRXJVCIPCBNANV JRXJVCIPCBNANV JRXJVCIPC$MGJON ] NVVJR'

Rç szj dcw ji }zr n`nr bni rnan lgvcv

RNA?L Acl5 RG?,7 Lgl7szj jr}cr bcircmn mj cimcv w mj cimcv

EClc`7 RNA? MN?Lw bclgicv ogvcimn rgjlxvj ji zi azocv

RNA Acl? Vj=Rç szj acr uji}cicr rj xzjmji cfvgvRNA?L Acl5 RG?,7 Lgl7bclfgcv ja cgvj mjxjimj mj }g

EClc`7 RNA? MN?L}j cwzmcvc ucaj ac xjic zic ujp lãr

RNA Acl? Vj=

Rcfjv szj rj xzjmj szjvjv szj rj xzjmc

RNA VJ.e" Lglszg}cvrj anr lgjmnr rcbcvanr cezjvcLG? Acl? Acl?.o VJ

xgi}cvrj ac bcvc bnanv ) ) ) jrxjvcipcRNA Acl5 RG?,7 Lgl7

}ji}cv ca ez}zvn bni ja bnvcpò n n niMN7cm VJ RNA

Jr lj`nv xjvmjvrj szj izibc jlfcvbcvRNA?L Acl5 RG?,7 Lgl7lj`nv }ji}cvrj c mj`cv mj gi}ji}cv

EClc`7 RNA? MN?Lcziszj wc ujr szj in jr }ci eãbga jlxjpcv

RNA Acl? Vj=Rç szj an glxnrgfaj rj xzjmj anovcvRNA?L Acl5 RG?,7 Lgl7szj ac }vgr}jpc caoði mìc rj gvã

EClc`7 RNA? MN?Lw crì rjvã ac ugmc bclfgc w bclfgcvã

RNA Acl? Vj=

Rji}gvãr szj ja calc uzjacMN7cm RNA

xnv bci}cv zic ujp lãrAcl? VJ=

Ucaj lãr xnmjv fvgaacv

Lgl Lgl?L Lgl?szj rnan fzrbcv ujv ja rna

Lgl5 Acl? VJ

$rzfj c RGf'

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Acl?,VJ?,RNA?L,MN?L,Ec"l,RG?,Lgl

Szgjvn rjv }z bcibgòi mjrmj xvgibgxgn c egi!Lgl

szgjvn vnpcvlj ji }zr acfgnr w rjv }z bcvlìi)

LG? Aclrjv ja ̀ cfòi szj }j rzcugpc! ja fcón szj }j fcóc!VJ?

ac }ncaac szj mjragpcr xnv }z xgja ln`cmc)RNA RG?

Wn szgjvn rjv }z calndcmc! }z jmvjmòi mj rjmc!Lgl

fjrcv}j lgji}vcr rzjócr w ujv}j mnvlgvLG? Acl

wn szgjvn rjv ja rna szj ji}vc w mc rnfvj }z bclc!VJ?

mjrxjv}cv}j xnbn c xnbn! dcbjv}j rnivjìv)RNA RG?

Szgjvn jr}cv ji ja lãr rzcuj }nszj mj }zr mjmnr!

Ec"l? RG?ji}vcv ji an lãr ìi}gln mj }zr rjbvj}nr!Lgl

szgjvn rjv ac bnrc fzjic! agfjvcmc n xvndgfgmc!Ec"l? RG?

rjv }nmn ji }z ugmc)Lgl

]nmn an szj lj szgjvcr mcv szgjvn szj lj an mjr!Lgl

wn }j mnw }nmn an szj zi dnlfvj ji}vjoc c zic lz`jvLG? Acl

gv lãr caaã mj jrj bcvgón szj rgjlxvj lj mcr!VJ?

lj glcogin }ci}cr bnrcr! szgjvn rgjlxvj lãr)RNA RG?

]ð jvjr lg mzabj mjrcwzin! lg xcr}ja xjvejb}n!Lgl

lg fjfgmc xvjejvgmc ja xac}n xvjmgajb}n!LG? Acl

wn bnln w fjfn mj an fzjin w in }jion dnvc eg`cVJ?

mj lcócic! }cvmj n inbdj in dcon mgj}c)RNA RG?

W jr}j clnv szj caglji}c c lg eci}crìc!Ec"l? RG?

jr lg rzjón! jr lg egjr}c! jr lg cajovìc!

Lglac bnlgmc lãr rcfvnrc! lg xjvezlj! lg fjfgmc!Ec"l? RG?

jr }nmn ji lg ugmc)Lgl

]nmn dnlfvj szj rcfj szjvjv!Acl? VJ?

rcfj mcv w xjmgv c ac lz`jv!RNA?L MN?L

an lj`nv w dcbjv mj jr}j clnv!Ec"l? RG?

an szj bnlj! szj fjfj! szj mc! szj vjbgfj)Lgl

ja dnlfvj szj rcfj szjvjv! w rj cxcrgnic xnv zic lz`jv

Acl? VJ? RNA?L MN?Lbniugjv}j rz clnv ji rz ugmc!

Ec"l? RG?rz bnlgmc w fjfgmc! ji ac ̀ zr}c ljmgmc

Lgl

BNLN SZGJVJR SZJBNLN SZGJVJR SZJBNLN SZGJVJR SZJBNLN SZGJVJR SZJBNLN SZGJVJR SZJ]J SZGJVC]J SZGJVC]J SZGJVC]J SZGJVC]J SZGJVC

$VNRCVGN EANVJR' BGGAcl*Bnln szgjvjr szj }j szgjvc

LG*bnln szgjvjr rg in jr}cr cszì

Acl* LG*bnln szgjvjr szj }j szgjvc rg in }j mcr c lg

Rgl?,: LG*Rzfgvç lni}cócr w ca vìn aanvcvjRgf° Vjl?W lg bnvcpòi lj ovg}c lj cxvgrgnic rgi szjvjv

EC* LG*

Bnln szgjvjr szj }j szgjvc rg in }j }jion cszìAcl? Vjl?bnln szgjvjr szj }j szgjvc }ci aj`nr wc mj lgRNA? MN?L LG*bnln szgjvjr szj }j szgjvc rg in }j mcr c lgAcl? Vjl?bnln szgjvjr szj }j szgjvc ) ) rg rj szj }j xjvmìRNA? MN?L LG*

Rnócvj szj ja ugji}n ) ) lj aajuc c mnimj jr}çrRgf° Vjl7

w lg bnvcpòi lj ovg}c lj cxvgrgnic rgi szjvjvEC* Vjl? LG*

wn ) ) ) ugugvçAcl? Vjl?bci}cimn c acr jr}vjaacr xnv ja mìc cszja

RNA? MN?L LG*Wn rnócvjAcl? Vjl?szj ac ugmc lj ji}vjoc an szj }zuj cwjv

RNA? MN?L LG*i

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$BDCWCIIJ'

Rnan rg xzmgjvc jr}cv bni}gonVjl Rnal MN

}z mnvlgmc ji}vj lgr fvcpnrEC RGfw) ) lgvcv}j ji ja rgajibgnRNA? MN

rnan rg xzmgjvc mgfz`cv}jVjl Rnal MNzic jrbjic mj lgr rzjónr

AC? Vjl}z szj rgjlxvj jr}cr xvjrji}j

RGf MN

Vjl?,MN*,EC*

Bni rnan }jijv}j cszgRGf MNmjbgv}j an szj wn rgji}n

EC RGf MN

Jr szj lj ozr}c }z bcvcVjl

lj ozr}c }z xjanRnal

rnócv bni }z unp bzcimn mgbjr }j szgjvnMN EC

lj ozr}c cfvcpcv}jRGf

xjvmjvlj ji }z cvnlc

Rnalxnmjv jibni}vcv ji }zr n`nr ja bgjanRGf AC

lj ozr}c }z vgrc lj ozr}c }z fnbcVjl Rnal

lj ozr}c bvjjv szj xnv lg }z jr}cr anbcMN EC

bnln szgjvn szj rgji}cr bnilgon ac bcalcRGf Rnal

w bzcimn aajozj ac inbdjAC= AC?

bzgmcv}j ja calcVjl

Bnln mjrxjv}cv ji ac mgr}cibgcVjl Rnal MNrgi }z xgja ̀ zi}n c ac lgc

EC RGfclcimn }z en}novceìcRNA? MN

xnmjlnr lcimcv fjrnr bni ja ugji}nVjl Rnal MNlgvcv ac azic ca lgrln }gjlxn

AC? Vjlbni}cv zi mìc lãr

RGf MN

Vjl?,MN*,EC*Bni rnan }jijv}j cszg

RGf MNin rcfjr an szj lj eca}cr

EC RGf MN

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$BDCWCIIJ' B GGG

Gi}vn0 LG AC LG AC

Bnaocmnr jiclnvcmnrLG RG

cszì jr}clnr bnln mnr xjvvnr rgi mzjónVJ AC

jr}c inbdj jr glxnrgfaj }jijv rzjónMN LG

rjozvnr! xjocmnr ji xajic bcaajRG RNA VJ

xcvjbjlnr bnln mnr vjbgçi bcrcmnrEC MN

bzcimn }nmnr anr clgonr rj dci acvocmnLaf RNA

bcircmnrVJ VJ?

Bnlxaj}clji}j jiclnvcmnrRNA

cazbgicimn bni inrn}vnr mnrRgl

rgi}gjimn lnvfn xnv xvgljvc ujpAcl

w xnv xvgljvc ujp }nbãimninrVJ

bnlxaj}clji}j jiclnvcmnrVJ? RNAbnln fnvvcbdnr wn in rç mj szç

RglJi}vj acr rnlfvcr mj anr ãvfnajrAcl

inr mjrujr}ìlnr xcvc clcvinr fgjiVJ

xcvc clcvinr fgji xcvc clcvinr fgjiRG? Lgl Lgl?Lclcvinr fgji

Lgl?clcvinr fgji bnlxjij}vcmnr

Lgl5 MNjr}clnr jiclnvcmnr

VJ?

Lc}cmnr mj }ci}c vgrcRNA VJ

bni ac azic vjrfcacimn xnv ac jrxcamcEC MN

}ð }j xnijr lg bclgrc! wn }z ecamcLaf RNA

ejagbjr ))nd ))VJ VJ?

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Gi}vn0 EC Vjl RGf LG AC Acl

Dcfaclj mj }g!Vjl

bzçi}clj mj }z ugmcLG Acl

rcfjr }ð lzw fgji!Vjl

szj wn jr}nw bniujibgmcLG Acl

Mç szj }ð in xzjmjr!Vjlcziszj gi}ji}jr naugmcvlj

RNA? MN, Aclrgjlxvj unaujvãr!

Vjlzic w n}vc ujp!

RNA? MNzic w n}vc ujp!

Acl Vjlrgjlxvj unaujvãr

RNA? MN Acl

Cziszj wã in rgji}cr lãr clnv xnv lg

Vjl RNA?ròan vjibnv!

MN Aclwn }clxnbn }jion icmc szj rji}gv!

Vjl RNA?w jrn jr xjnv

MNxjvn }j jt}vcón!

Acl Vjl}clfgçi }j jt}vcón

RNA? MN Acl

In bcfj mzmc szj jr ujvmcm szj ac bnr}zlfvj

Vjl RNA?jr lãr ezjv}j szj ja clnvMN , Acl

In bcfj mzmc szj jr ujvmcm szj ac bnr}zlfvjVjl RNA?

jr lãr ezjv}j szj ja clnvEC Vjl EC

BNAJBBGNIGR]BNAJBBGNIGR]BNAJBBGNIGR]BNAJBBGNIGR]BNAJBBGNIGR]C MJC MJC MJC MJC MJBBBBBCIBGNIJRCIBGNIJRCIBGNIJRCIBGNIJRCIBGNIJR

$BCLGAC' BG

]z! bnajbbgnigr}c mj bcibgnijrMN Aclmclj vcpnijr xcvc ugugv

EC RNA 6' 5,4}z! ac mzjóc mj lgr rzjónrMN Aclszçmc}j ji jaanr w dcplj rji}gv)

EC RNA LGw crì ji }z lgr}jvgn xnmjv mjrbzfvgv

Acl Vjl LG Aclja rji}glgji}n j}jvin)

Vjl LG]z! bni ac azic ji ac bcfjpcEC7 MN

ja azocv ji mnimj jlxgjpcECja ln}gun w ac gazrgòi mj lg jtgr}gv)

RNA

]ci ròan }z! rnaclji}j szgjvn szj rjcr }zMN Acl

lg anbzvc! lg }vciszgagmcm w lg mjagvgn!Ec7* EC

lg bnlxãr w lg bclginVjl RNA

ròan }z! rnaclji}j szgjvn szj rjcr }zMN Acl

wn xnion ji }zr lcinr lg mjr}gin

Ec7*xnvszj ugun xcvc jr}cvEC

rgjlxvj rgjlxvj bni}gon clnv)Acl $RNA,EC'

]z! bnajbbgnigr}c mj bcibgnijrMN Acllga jlnbgnijr rni xcvc }g

EC RNA]z! an szj rnóç ji lg ugmc ji}jvcMN Aclszçmc}j ji jaac w dcplj rji}gv)

EC RNA,LGw crì gv }vcirenvlcimn ac lcogc mj }gAcl Vjl LG Acl

ji zi vjrxgvn mja calc)Vjl LG

]z! bni ac azic ji ac bcfjpcEC7 MNja azocv ji mnimj jlxgjpc

ECja ln}gun w ac gazrgòi mj lg jtgr}gv

RNA

))rgjlxvj bni}gon nd ndRNA

Wc in }jion lãr jrxcbgn ji lg gi}jvgnvRNA"

dcp aajicmn bni }z azp bcmc vgibòiRGf RNA"jr xnv }g szj bni ja }gjlxn lg calc rgji}j mgejvji}j

EC RNA

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Wc an ujr szj in dcw mnr rgi }vjrVJ?L VJ+.jszj ac ugmc uc w ugjij w szj in rj mj}gjij

Rgl Rgl.ow szj rç wn

Ecl"7lgçi}jlj cziszj rjc mglj szj caon szjmcLgl AC?ji}vj inrn}vnr mnr

VJszj ji }z dcfg}cbgòi izibc rcaj ja rna

VJ+.j Lglin jtgr}j ja }gjlxn ig ja mnanv

Rgl Rgl.o Ec"laaçuclj rg szgjvjr c xjvmjv c igioði mjr}ginLgl AC? Ec"l?,:rgi igioði xnvszç

RG? RNA?L AC?

Wc an rç w bnvcpòi szj in ujVJ?L VJ+.jjr bnvcpòi szj in rgji}j

Rglbnvcpòi szj }j lgji}j clnv

Rgl.o Ecl"7}ð rcfjr szj ji an lãr xvnezimn mj lg calc

Lgl AC?rgozj cszja mnanv ) )xnv bvjjv ji }g

VJ VJ+.jszj ezj mj ac gazrgòi

Lglw mj an fjaan szj jr ugugv

Rgl Rgl.o Ec"l

Xcvc szç lj bzvcr}j bzcimn jr}cfc djvgmnLgl? AC?

rg dnw lj mj`cr mj izjun ja bnvcpòi xcv}gmnEcl?,: RG?

szgji lj uc c ji}vjocv rzr jlnbgnijrLgl?

szgji lj uc c xjmgv szj izibc ac cfcimnijAC?

szgji lj }cxcvã jr}c inbdj rg dcbj evìnEc"l?

szgji lj uc c bzvcv ja bnvcpòi xcv}gmnRG?

szgji aajicvã mj xvglcujvcr jr}j jijvnLglw fc`cvã ac azic xcvc szj ̀ zozjlnr

AC?mglj rg }ð }j ucr mglj bcvgón lìn

Ec"lszgji lj uc c bzvcv ja bnvcpòi xcv}gmn

RG?

Mcv rnaclji}j cszjaan szj }j rnfvcVJ?L VJ+.jizibc ezj bnlxcv}gv rg in mcv aglnric clnv

Rgl Rgl.o Ecl"7rg in an rcfjr }ð }j an mgon wn

Lgl AC?mjrxzçr mj ac }nvlji}c rgjlxvj aajoc ac bcalcVJ?L VJ+.jxjvn rç szj mjrxzçr mj }g ) ) mjrxzçr mj }g in dcw icmc

Lgl Rgl Rgl.o Ec"l

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JR]VJAAJR]VJAAJR]VJAAJR]VJAAJR]VJAACCCCC$CAJ@CIMVN EJVICIMJP'

]j szgjvnAcl

an mgon bnln zi aclji}nRNA

bnln zi szj`gmn szj ja ugji}nEC

rj aajuc xnv mnimj szgjvcLG

]j szgjvnAcl

szj xjic dcfjv}j xjvmgmnRNA

bnln szgji xgjvmj zic jr}vjaacEC

szj rj aj uc ca giegig}nLG

CwccccccccwAcl RNACwccccccccw

EC LG

Szgjvn szj rj ngoc lg aaci}nAcl RNAbnln lj mnagò xjvmjv}j

ECmjrxzçr mj szjvj}j }ci}n

LG

Cw! mjrxzçr mj szjvjvac }ci}nAcl RNAmgnrg}n mclj bnirzjan

ECxcvc rcbcvlj mj cmji}vn

LGjr}n szj lj jr}ã lc}cimn

Acl

CwccccccccwAcl RNACwccccccccwEC LG

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Mgbj ac oji}j szj ja }gjlxn rj inr uzjac mj acr lcinrVJ?L Rgl?

xjvn bzcimn jr}nw bni}gon wc in jtgr}ji anr dnvcvgnr!Lgl AC

}clfgji mgbji szj ji ac ugmc jr rnan ezvgcr w xjicr

VJ?L Rgl?xjvn bzcimn }z rnivgjr dcr}c ja lcr }vgr}j rj cajovcLgl AC

Mjrmj ac xvgljvc ujp szj }j bvzbj ji lg bclginVJ?L RG

jlxjbj c ji}jimjv ac }gjvvc! c ac lcogc w ca mjr}ginLgl AC

w ji acr inbdjr szj in jr}cr rnan giuji}n dgr}nvgcr vcvcrVJ?L RG

}ci rnan xcvc aaclcv}j w jibni}vcv}j ji acr lcócicrLgl AC? VJ?L

Mgbji szj szjvjv jr mzvn w szj clcv jr bnlxagbcmn!AC? VJ?L Rgl?xjvn bzcimn }z cxcvjbjr }nmn jr}c rnazbgnicmn!

Lgl AC}clfgji mgbji szj ji ac inbdj jr rnan evgn w xjizlfvcr!

VJ?L Rgl?xjvn bzcimn wn }j lgvn }nmc ac bgzmcm rj cazlfvc

Lgl AC

Mjrmj ac xvgljvc ujp szj }j bvzbj ji lg bclginAC? VJ?L RG

jlxjbj c ji}jimjv ac }gjvvc c ac lcogc w ca mjr}ginLgl AC

w ji acr inbdjr szj in jr}cr rnan giuji}n dgr}nvgcr vcvcr

VJ?L RG}ci rnan xcvc aaclcv}j w jibni}vcv}j ji acr lcócicr

Lgl AC? VJ?L

Bni}gon mjrxjv}cv! rnfvjugugv zi mìc lcrRNA AC

xzmgjimn mjrxn`cvinr mj jiuna}zvcrEcl" RG?

rji}cmnr rgi dcfacv! dnw lgr rjbvj}nr unw dcaacvRNA AC

xcvc ji}vjocv}janr! xnvszj rgMN" AC

Mgbj ac oji}j szj ja }gjlxn rj inr uzjac mj acr lcinrVJ?L Rgl?xjvn bzcimn jr}nw bni}gon wc in jtgr}ji anr dnvcvgnr

Lgl AC

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MJ SZJ LJMJ SZJ LJMJ SZJ LJMJ SZJ LJMJ SZJ LJRGVRGVRGVRGVRGV UJ UJ UJ UJ UJ

SZJVJVSZJVJVSZJVJVSZJVJVSZJVJV]J]J]J]J]J$CAUCVN ] NVVJR' BCXN GG

MN RNA Acl Lgl EC VJ? RNA

Mj szç lj rgvuj szjvjv}jMN RNAw lnvgvlj xnv }z clnv

Acl Lglrg wn in jr}nw ji }zr rzjónr

EC MNlzbdn ljinr ji }z bnvcpòi)

VJ? RNAJvjr }ci gimgejvji}jMN RNAw in }j glxnv}c an szj rgji}n wn

Acl Lglrg izibc xzjmn }jijv}j

EC MNnaugmcv}j bvjn szj jr lj`nv

VJ? RNA

Szj zi lnlji}n mj ejagbgmcmMN RNA

xnv lzbdnr mìcr mj rnajmcmEC MN

mj szj lj rgvuj zi lnlji}nEC MNrg wn }j szgjvn xcvc zi }gjlxn j}jvin

VJ? RNAw bzcimn lãr ijbjrg}n mj }gMN RNA

caon }j }gjij szj caj`cv mj lìEC MN

mj szj lj rgvuj szjvjv}jEC MNrg }ð lj mj`cr rnan bnln rgjlxvj

VJ? RNA

MN RNA Acl Lgl EC VJ? RNA

Szgrgjvc rjv lãr ucagji}j

MN RNAw cvvcibcv}j mj lg bnvcpòiAcl Lglcbnr}zlfvcvlj c in ujv}j

EC MNjibjvvcmn ji lg lzimn gi}jvgnv

VJ? RNAMj szç lj rgvuj szjvjv}j

MN RNAw lnvgvlj xnv }z clnv

Acl Lglrg xcvc }g dcw }ci}cr bnrcr

EC MNlzbdn lcr glxnv}ci}jr szj wn

VJ? RNA

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$VGBCVMN CV@NIC'Gi}vn0 MN,RNA,Acl,EC,MN,RNA,EC

Rg lj mgbjr szj rg xgçircan mnr ujbjrMN RNA Acl

xzjmj szj }j bniujioc mjbgvlj szj inEC MN RNA

rg lj mgbjr szj in xzjmj szj }j jszgunszjrMN RNA Acl

wn lj mcvç c ac }cvjc mj szj lj mgocr szj rgEC MN RNA

Rg lj mgbjr szj rg mj`cvj mj rnócvMN RNA Aclw lj unaujvj zi gmgn}c

Lgllj`nv mglj szj in

EC MNw mclj jrj rg bnln zi bzji}con}cr

RNA MN

mglj szj in xjircimn ji zi rg w mç`clj an n}vn c lgLgl Acl Lglszj rg rj lj xnij eãbga

EC MNja clnv rj dcbj evãoga w zin xcvc mj rnócv

RNA MN Lgl Aclmglj szj in ) ) )w mj`c ac xzjv}c cfgjv}c

VJ RNA EC MN RNA,EC

Mglj szj in ) w lj }jimvãr xjircimn }nmn ja mgc ji }gMN RNA VJ LG Aclxacijcimn ac jr}vc}jogc xcvc zi rg

EC MN RNAMglj szj in w aãipclj zi rg bclzeac`jcmn

MN RNA VJ LG Aclbaãuclj zic mzmc w lj szjmcvj c }z acmnEC MN RNA MN

Rg lj mgbjr szj rg rj ezocvc an gibgjv}nMN RNA Acl

w jrc bnrszgaac ji ac xcipc bzcimn jr}cr xnv ujigvEC MN RNA

rg lj mgbjr szj in }j rjozgvç bniszgr}cimnMN RNA Acl

mjrbzfvgçimn}j bnrcr szj ig }z }j bninbjrEC MN RNA

Rgjlxvj an eãbga lj mzvn }ci xnbnRNA VJ Lglw in an igjon lj mgujv}ì

MN RNA VJxjvn ac rnajmcm lj dc uzja}n anbn

RNA RG? Lglxnvszj ja clnv izibc dc xcrcmn xnv cszg

MN RNA VJ RG,RNA"

Mglj szj in ) )MN" RNA"w lj }jimvãr xjircimn }nmn ja mgc ji }gLaf EC Rgfl

xacijcimn ac jr}vc}jogc xcvc zi rgEC" MN" RNA"?Mglj szj in w aãipclj zi rg bclzeac`jcmnMN" RNA" Laf EC Rgflbaãuclj zic mzmc w lj szjmcvj c }z acmnEC" MN" RNA"? MN"

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Gi}vn0 Acl VJ? RNA MN

Dj gi}ji}cmn bcrg }nmn xcvc bniujibjv}jAcl VJ?

lgji}vcr ja lzimn rj mjvvzlfc }nmn cszì c lgr xgjrRNA MN

lgji}vcr cxvjimn mj jr}c rnajmcm szj mjrbninpbnAcl VJ?

lj uzjaun c xvjozi}cv szgpãr rg rnfvjugugvçRNA MN

xnvszj rgi }g lj szjmc ac bnibgjibgc djacmc w ucbìcAcl VJ?

xnvszj rgi }g lj dj mcmn bzji}c clnv szj in vjicbjvçRNA MN

xnvszj wn dj gmn lãr caaã mja aglg}j mj ac mjrnacbgòiAcl VJ?

lg bzjvxn lg lji}j lg calc wc in }gjiji bnijtgòiMN RNA Acl

w wn }j ̀ zvn szj

VJ?An mj`cvìc }nmn xnvszj }j szjmcvcr

RNAlg bvjmn! lg xcrcmn! lg vjagogòi

MNmjrxzçr mj }nmn jr}ãr vnlxgjimn izjr}vnr acpnr

VJw mj`cr ji xjmcpnr jr}j bnvcpòi

RNAlg xgja }clfgçi ac mj`cvìc

MNlg inlfvj! lg ezjvpc dcr}c lg xvnxgc ugmc

RNA) ) )w szç lcr mc xjvmjv

RG?,Lgl Aclrg }j aajucr mja }nmn lg ej ) ) ) an mj`cvìc

VJ? MN,Lgl,Acl,RNA

Mzjaj lãr }zr bnrcr fzjicr bzcimn jr}ãr czrji}jAcl VJ?

wn rç szj jr mjlcrgcmn }cvmj xcvc vjljmgcvRNA MN

xjvn lj szjmc fgji ucajvlj mj mgjp lga jtbzrcrAcl VJ?

bzcimn mjegig}guclji}j rç szj cdnvc }j ucrRNA MN

cziszj }j uzjaun c vjxj}gv szj jr}nw lzvgjimn mìc c mìcAcl VJ?cziszj }clfgçi jr}jr lzvgjimn }ð in lj xjvmnicvãr

RNA MNCziszj rgi }g dcwc aajocmn ca aìlg}j mj ac mjrnacbgòi

Acl VJ?lg bzjvxn! lg lji}j w lì calc wc in }gjiji bnijtgòi

MN ) RNA Aclrgon lzvgjimnlj

VJ?

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JI]VJ AJI]VJ AJI]VJ AJI]VJ AJI]VJ AC ]GJVVCC ]GJVVCC ]GJVVCC ]GJVVCC ]GJVVC$ANR INBDJVNR'

Wn rgji}n szj lj xvnunbcrAcl Vjl

cziszj in szgjvcr dcbjvanLG Acljr}ã ovcfcmn ji }z fnbc

Vjl

ca vn`n ugun ja mjrjnLG Aclw bcrg xzjmn }nbcv}j

MN RNAbnln zic evz}c lcmzvc cd

Vjl LGxvjrgji}n szj unw c clcv}j

EC?L RNAlcr caaã mj ac anbzvc

EC LG

Unw c bnljv}j ja bnvcpòi c fjrnrAcl

c vjbnvvjv rgi aìlg}jr }z bzjvxnVjl

w xnv ja rzjan izjr}vc vnxcRNA

rzcuj on}c c on}c

unw c jlfnvvcbdcv}j mj xcrgòi zndMN LG Unw c bnljv}j jg bnvcpòi c fjrnr

Aclc vvjbnvjv rgi aìlg}jr }z bzjvxn

Vjlunw c mj`cv xnv }zr vgibnijr

RNA

xã`cvnr w eanvjr

bnln zic rjlgaac mj xcrgòi ndMN LG

Cdnvc }j rzja}cr ja xjanAcl Vjl

w crì mjrbcapc bclgicrLG Aclunw c lnvmjv ja cipzjan

Vjlxzjr szgjvn an szj glcogicr

LG Aclbzcimn rj bcj }z ujr}gmn

MN RNAbnln zic eanv xnv ja rzjan) ) n

Vjl LG EC?Lin jtgr}j icmc xvndgfgmn

RNAji}vj ac }gjvvc w ja bgjanEC LG

) ) ) ) ) ) mj xcrgòi ndMN?L Mnl Unw c bnljv}j ja bnvcpòi c fjrnr

Mnlc vvjbnvjv rgi aìlg}jr }z bzjvxn

Eclw xnv ja rzjan izjr}vc vnxc

RGfrzcuj on}c c on}c

unw c jlfnvvcbdcv}j mj xcrgòi zndVJ" RNA

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JA VGNJA VGNJA VGNJA VGNJA VGN$LGOZJA VÌNR'

Vjl,MN

Wn vjbzjvmn cszja mìcVjl MNszj inr ezglnr c fcócv

Rnal ECcszja cozc }ci evìc

Vjl MNw }z envlc mj icmcv

Rnal EC

Ji ja vìn cszja }ð w wnVjl AC

w ja clnv szj icbgò mj anr mnrVjl MN Vjl

$ìi}jv') Vjl,MN

Wn rjbcfc }zr lcinr

Vjl MN}z lgvcfcr zic eanvRnal EC

izjr}vnr bzjvxnr ln`cmnrVjl MNfc`n anr vcwnr mja rna

Rnal EC

Caaì icmc dc bclfgcmnVjl MNizjr}vn vìn rgozj gozca

Rnal ECbni rzr cozcr }ci bacvcr

Vjl MNszj rj xgjvmji ji ja lcv

Rnal EC

Izjr}vn clnv ji ja vìnVjl MN

}ð }clfgçi lj szjvìcrVjl MN

ac ac ac ac ac ac acVjl MN

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szj in }j dcfvci mcmnEc"l

w rg dcw zi bcxvgbdnVJ

szj in dcr vjcagpcmn)LG

w rg dcw zi jrxcbgn

ACxjvmgmn ji }zr mgcr

Ec"lwn szgjvn aajicvan

VJbni lgr }ni}jvgcr

LG

Szgjvn zic vjrxzjr}cAC

w ac szgjvn xvni}nEc"l

mglj rg ji }z ugmc

VJdcr clcmn n}vn }ni}nLG

mg szj in lg clnvAC

mg szj in xnvecunvEc"l

mg szj ca ljinr ji jrnVJ

ja xvgljv wn rnwLG

Ja xvgljv }ni}n mj }z ugmc szgjvn rjvAC Ec"l

ja xvgljv }ni}n szj }j cln c }g lz`jvVJ LG

ja xvgljv }ni}n wc rjv rc}grecbbgiAC Ec"l

mj bzcaszgjv lnmn! wc }j m lg bnvcpniVJ LG

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Gi}vn0 MN EC MN EC Ecl

Fzjicr inbdjr! lzbdn ozr}n! jvcr zic bdgbc lcrMN EC

mjrxzçr mj bgibn lgiz}nr wc jvcr caozgji jrxjbgca

MN ECRgi dcfacvlj! rgi }nbcvlj! caon mji}vn rj jibjimgòVjl RNA

ji }zr n`nr ) ) rj dcbgc }cvmj w lj naugmcfc mja vjan`)Vjl EC RNA

Jr}nr mgcr c }z acmn lj jirjócvni szj ji ujvmcmMN EC

in dcw }gjlxn mj }jvlgicv xcvc bnljipcv c clcvMN EC

Rgji}n caon }ci xvnezimn szj in }gjij jtxagbcbgòiVjl RNA?

in dcw vcpni ig anogbc ji lg bnvcpòi)

Vjl EC RNAJi}vc ji lg ugmc! }j cfvn ac xzjv}c

MN Aclrj szj ji }zr fvcpnr wc in dcfvã inbdjr mjrgjv}cr

Vjl EC RNAJi}vc ji lg ugmc! wn }j an vzjon

MN Acl}j bnljibç xnv jt}vcócv!

Vjl Lglxjvn jlxjbç c ijbjrg}cv}j azjon

EC RNA MN EC,Ecl

Fzjicr inbdjr lzbdn ozr}n wc in jtgr}j icmgj lcrMN EC

mjrxzçr mj jr}j }gjlxn ̀ zi}nr! in xzjmn unaujv c}vãrMN EC

]z lj dcfacr}j! lj }nbcr}j w }j unaugr}j lg gazrgòiVjl RNA

szgjvn szj rjcr mzjóc mj lg bnvcpòi)Vjl EC RNA

Ji}vc ji lg ugmc! }j cfvn ac xzjv}cMN Acl

rj szj ji }zr fvcpnr wc in dcfvã inbdjr mjrgjv}crVjl EC RNA

Ji}vc ji lg ugmc! wn }j an vzjon

MN Acl}j bnljibç xnv jt}vcócv! xjvn jlxjbç c ijbjrg}cv}j azjonVjl Lgl EC RNA EC

Ji}vc ji lgr dnvcr! rãauclj cdnvcMN EC

cfvj }zr fvcpnr ezjv}j w mç`clj ji}vcvVjl Lgl EC RNA AC

Ji}vc ji lg ugmc! }j cfvn ac xzjv}cVJ Rgl

rj szj ji }zr fvcpnr wc in dcfvã inbdjr mjrgjv}crRNA AC

Ji}vc ji lg ugmc! wn }j an vzjon

VJ Rgl}j bnljibç xnv jt}vcócv! xjvn jlxjbç c ijbjrg}cv}j azjonLgl Ec"l RNA AC VJ

xjvn jlxjbj c ijbjrg}cv}j azjonRgl Lgl Ec"l RNA AC VJ7

JA DNLFVJ SZJJA DNLFVJ SZJJA DNLFVJ SZJJA DNLFVJ SZJJA DNLFVJ SZJWWWWWN CLNN CLNN CLNN CLNN CLN

$LGVGCL DJVICIMJP' B GULgl

Ja dnlfvj szj wn cln }gjij caon mj igónAcl VJ?

ac rnivgrc cibdc! }gjvic ac lgvcmcRNA Lgl

}gjij ac xcacfvc mj lga dnlfvjr ̀ zi}nrAcl RG?

w jr zi anbn clci}j rcfgn gi}jagoji}j

Lgl LG?

Ja dnlfvj szj wn cln in aj }jlj c icmcAcl VJ?

xjvn bzcimn clc an jr}vjljbj }nmnRNA Lgl

ozjvvjvn gibcircfaj! ji fzrbc mj cuji}zvcrEC" Acl

}gjij lcinr ezjv}jr bãagmcr w xzvcrRG

Ja dnlfvj szj wn cln rcfj szj an clnAcl VJ?

lj }nlc ji rzr fvcpnr w an naugmn }nmnRNA?L Lglja jr lg ln}gun jr lg xvnxgn rna

Acl RG?ça lj mc cajovìcr szj icmgj lj mgn

Lgl LG?

Ja dnlfvj szj wn cln rcfj szj an clnAcl VJ?

uzjac rgjlxvj aj`nr! xjvn uzjauj ca igmnRNA?L Lgl

Ja dnlfvj szj wn cln rcfj szj an clnAcl RG?

wn an szgjvn anbn xjvn anbn lìnLgl LG?

Ja dnlfvj szj wn cln rgjlxvj rcfj }nmnAcl VJ?

in rcfj mj jin`nr in ji}gjimj vjibnvjrRNA Lgl

ja cvvjoac }nmn bni rcfgmzvìcAcl RG?

bni ròan lgvcvlj lj cajovc ac ugmcLgl LG?

Ja dnlfvj szj wn cln bclgic ji lg lji}jAcl VJ?

jr lg ðigbn gmnan ji}vj }ci}c oji}jRNA Lglça dcbj zic egjr}c bni lg xjan rzja}n

EC" Aclacmvòi mj lgr rzjónr mzjimj mj lg calndcmc

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$VNFJV]N BCVANR' B G

Bzcimn jvc zi bdgszgaan szj cajovìcVJ AC

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rca}cimn zic ujv`c ujv}j c }g w crìVJ? RNA Rnal

ji }zr n`nr caon izjun mjrbzfvgvVJ AC VJ

Acr vnrcr mjbìci szj jvcr lìcVJ AC

w zi oc}n lj dcbìc bnlxcóìcLgl VJ

mjrmj szj lj mj`cr}j wn in rç xnvszjVJ? RNA Rnal

ac uji}cic jr lãr ovcimj rgi }z clnv

VJ AC VJ

Ja oc}n szj jr}ã ji izjr}vn bgjanEc"l Mn°

in uc c unaujv c bcrc rg in jr}ãrRG? Lgl

an rcfjr lg clnv szj inbdj fjaacLgl?L RNA

xvjrgji}n szj }z jr}ãr ji jrc jr}vjaacAC VJ

Ja oc}n szj jr}ã }vgr}j w cpzaEc"l Rgl

izibc rj naugmc ) ) szj ezgr}j lìc

RNA AC VJlãr rgjlxvj rcfvã mj lg rzevgvEc"l Rgl

xnvszj ji lgr n`nr ) ) ) )zic aãovglc dcwRNA AC VJ

$Rzfj 3.6 }nin '

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rg clcv jr jvvcmn bzaxc lìc }j clçVJ? RNA Rnal

ji ja enimn szj jr ac ugmc in an rçVJ AC VJ

Ja oc}n szj jr}ã ji izjr}vn bgjanEc"l Mn°in uc c unaujv c bcrc rg in jr}ãr

RG? Lglan rcfjr lg clnv szj inbdj fjaac

Lgl?L RNAxvjrgji}n szj }z jr}ãr ji jrc jr}vjaac

AC VJJa oc}n szj jr}ã }vgr}j w cpza

Ec"l Rglizibc rj naugmc ) szj ezgr}j lìc

RNA AC VJlcr rgjlxvj rjvãr ji lg lgvcv

Ec"l Rglaãovglc bacvc ) mj xvglcujvc

RNA AC VJJa oc}n szj jr}ã ji ac nrbzvgmcm

Ec"l Rglrcfj szj ji lg calc ) ) ) ) ) zic aãovglc dcw

RNA AC VJ

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$CAJ@CIMVN AJVIJV' B GG

Jr}j anbn ̀ zjon mj ugugv

RNA AC Rgl Ec"ljr}c izjuc cuji}zvc mj rji}gvRNA AC Rgl Ec"l

szj dc rgmn ji ja ljmgn mj lg dgr}nvgcRNA AC Rgl

ji}vj acovglcr w jzenvgcEc"= RNA

xgjirn ji }g! }gvzmci mzvnAC VJ RNA AC

Cði in dj }jvlgicmn mj ji}jimjvRNA AC Rgl Ec"l

cði in dj }jvlgicmn mj bvjbjv

RNA AC Rgl Ec"lugmc w lzjv}j ròan mnr xcacfvcrRNA AC Rgl

bzca jr fzjic w bzca jr lcacEc"= RNA

xcvc lg! }gvzmci mzvnAC VJ RNA AC

Ròan szjmc ja rgajibgn mj }z rnlfvcRNA AC Rgl Ec"l

w ja jbn mj lgr ovg}nr szj }j inlfvcRNA AC Rgl Ec"l

gi}ji}n vj}jijv}j ji lgr vjbzjvmnrRNA AC Rgl

jr}cr mjlcrgcmn aj`nrEc"= RNA

w xgjirn ji }g }cvzmci mzvnAC VJ RNA AC

xgjirn ji }g }gvzmci mzvnVJ RNA AC

mc mcvã mz mc cdcd mgvg mcvã mcVJ RNA AC

Cði in dj }jvlgicmn mj ji}jimjvRNA AC Rgl Ec"l

czi in dj }jvlgicmn mj bvjbjvRNA AC Rgl Ec"l

szj dc rgmn ji ja ljmgn mj lì dgr}nvgcRNA AC Rglji}vj aãovglcr w jzenvgc

Ec"= RNAxgjirn ji }g! }gvzmci mzvn

AC VJ RNA AC

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Ejfvjvn bc}nvbj! azic ji ja ̀ cvmìiRNA MN

dnw rzja}ci rzr fjrnr anr clci}jr)VJ RNA

wn ozcvmn anr lìnr! }ð in jr}ãr cszìLgl MN :'6

}j jt}vcón! in rnw ja lgrln mj ci}jrAcl? VJ

Ji ujp mj dcfg}cv ja xcvcìrnRNA MN

vjbzjvmnr jr }nmn an szj }jionVJ RNA

szgçi rcfj rg cði mzvc ja djbdgpnLgl MN

szgçi rcfj rg }ð lj jr}ãr xjircimnAcl? Mnl? VJ

Jiclnvcmn )) mj }zr fjrnrRNA VJ

jiclnvcmn mj }g dcr}c anr dzjrnrLgl MN

mjrjrxjvcmn )) xnvszj jr}ãr aj`nrAcl? VJ

bnln acr nacr! bnln acr naccccr!MN RNA VJ

ugjijr w mjrxzçr ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) }j ucr)MN,Lgl,Acl?,VJ RNA $MN,RNA'

Ejfvjvn bc}nvbj aazjuj rnajmcmRNA MN

bni xjic lj lgvci acr jr}vjaacr

VJ RNAwn rgon rnócimn szj vjovjrcvãrLgl MN

rji}cmc ji acr ecamcr mj zic mj jaacrAcl? Mnl? VJ

Jiclnvcmn )) mj }zr fjrnrRNA VJ

jiclnvcmn mj }g dcr}c anr dzjrnrLgl MN

mjrjrxjvcmn )) xnvszj jr}ãr aj`nrAcl? VJ

bnln acr nacr! bnln acr nac) ) cr!MN RNA VJ

ugjijr w mjrxzçr ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) }j uc ) ) )cr)

MN,Lgl,Acl?,VJ RNA LGEjfvjvn bc}nvbj! }ð! Rci Ucaji}ìi

AC VJcwðmclj w mgaj szj ac szgjvn

LG ACjibzji}vc zic envlc mj }vcjvac cszì

Ec"l VJin ujr szj mj clnv! wn wc lj lzjvn

Rgl? Vjl? LGJiclnvcmn )) mj }zr fjrnr

AC LGjiclnvcmn mj }g dcr}c anr dzjrnr

Ec"l VJmjrjrxjvcmn )) xnvszj jr}ãr aj`nr

Rgl? LGbnln acr nacr! bnln acr naccccr!

VJ AC LGugjijr w mjrxzçr ) ) ) )) ) }j ucr)

VJ LG AC

JA CLNVJA CLNVJA CLNVJA CLNVJA CLNV$@NRÇ AZGR XJVCAJR'

Ja clnv

Vjl*jr zic on}c mj cozc ji zi bvgr}caAC?*

jr zi xcrjn acvon rgi dcfacvRGf

jr zic evz}c xcvc mnrRnal AC?

Ja clnv!Vjl*jr zi jrxcbgn mnimj in dcw azocv

VJ? Rnalxcvc n}vc bnrc szj in rjc clcv

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Ja clnv jr aanvcv bzcimn inr mgbj cmgòrVjl Rnal

ja clnv jr rnócv nwjimn zic bcibgòiMN EC

ja clnv jr fjrcv xnigjimn ja bnvcpòiAC? RGf

jr xjvmnicvlj }z! w bnlxvjimjv}j wnAC?

ja clnv jr xcvcv ja }gjlxn ji zi vjan`Vjl Rnal

jr fzrbcv zi azocv mnimj jrbzbdcv }z unpMN ECja clnv jr bvjcv zi lzimn ji}vj an mnr

AC? Vjljr xjvmnicvlj }ð w bnlxvjimjv}j wn

AC? Vjl

Ja clnv jr zic fnbc bni rcfnv c lgjaVjl AC?jr zic aazugc ji ja c}cvmjbjv!

RGfjr zi xcvcozcr xcvc mnr

Rnal AC?

Ja clnv jr zi jrxcbgn mnimj in dcw azocvVjl VJ? Rnalxcvc n}vc bnrc szj in rjc clcv!

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LG? AC?L,RGf?Lnbc mn bnvxn mnzvcmnAC?LMn rna mj Gxcijlc

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facibn bnln ja ) ) ) ) ) wnozvAC LG AC

rgi jrj }nvn szj }ð aajucr ji ja xjbdnLG

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Rgi }zr zócr cvcóãimnlj ac jrxcamc

VJ LG ACrgi }zr lcinr szj lj jr}vz`ci }nmn bclfgcEc"l RG LG

rgi }z ajiozc jiujijicimn lg ocvoci}cVJ LG AC

rgi }zr mgji}jr szj }nv}zvciRG?

w jimzapci wn in rgji}n icmcLG LG?

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in jr ac lgrlc bnrcVJ

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clfvnrìc rcaxgbcmc mj }j szgjvnrVJ LG

dcbjv ja clnv bni n}vn in in inAC LG

jr bnln in dcbjv icmcVJ

eca}c ezjon ji ac lgvcmcAC LG

eca}c mcv ja calc ji bcmc fjrn

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szj dcr}c lj bzjr}c vjrxgvcv rz lgrln cgvjRgl .c LG

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szj ji bzci}n bzjaozjr ja }jajenin

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szj jr jr}n szj lj giug}c c ugugv!AC? Vjl?

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bni dganr mj lg cirgjmcm)Lgl Acl?

mj bgi}zvòi }zr xgjvicr bvzpcmcr!AC? Vjl?

ji lg jrxcamc zi vjan`EC RNAmnimj }zr mjmnr rni acr coz`cr

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szj }j jlxz`c w szj }j aajic!Lgl

szj }j cvvcr}vc w szj }j cbjvbc c mgnr)Acl AC?

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szj }j uc szg}cimn ac vcpòi! }j dcbj }vnxjpcvAcl AC? Vjl?

}j bvjc bniezrgòi! rjozvn szj jr ac ezjvpc mja bnvcpòiEC RNA

jr ac ezjvpc szj }j aajuc)MN,Lgl,Acl,AC?

In xzjmn xjircv! }jimvìc szj bzgmcvlj lãr)Vjl? EC RNA

bnln xnbn! xgjvmn ac ugmc w azjon lj ac mcr)MN Lgl Acl

szj jr an szj uc bjocimn ca clci}j!AC? Vjl?

szj uc xnv cdì mj rjónvEC RNA $MN,RNA'

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jr rnan zi bnvcpòi bni calc mj lj}caVJ?L

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rg }z }j jrbnimjr bnln wn ) ) rg dzwjr mj }nmn w rg }j ucrVJ?L AC7 Rgl? Rgl?.j

xvni}n c ac bclc w rgi bjicv ) rg cxvgj}cr ezjv}j bni}vc }ìAC LG Ec"l? Ec"l?.j

ac calndcmc w }j jbdcr c aanvcv ) ) rg }z in rcfjr bzci}n lcaVJ?L AC7 Rgl? Rgl?.j

}j dcvã ac rnajmcmAC LG ,Ec"l?,Ec"l?.j,VJ?L,AC7,Ec?L,RNA=

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EC?Ljr}cr cszg ji}vj gioaçr w lc}jlã}gbcrRNA5 Acl?

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EC ?L MN7 Vjl? Vjl?.oji bacrj wc in xzjmn lcr ) ) w xnv acr }cvmjr jr xjnv

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jrc giszgj}zm mj ujv xcrcv crg ac ugmc rgi }z clnvEC ?L MN7 Vjl? Vjl?.o

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RNAw rgi mzmcvan xjirò ji mnr! ji mnr)EC MN RNA

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dzfgjrj mcmn lg bnazlic ujv}jfvca xnv ujvacr cimcvRNA EC MNmjrxzçr mj dcbjv ja clnv dcr}c ja }nbcmnv

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lãr ugc`jr ca jrxcbgn szj dgr}nvgcr ji zi fcv!RNA EC MN

ji zi fcv xnvszj ijocvRNA Acl

szj jrn jr an lj`nv szj rj xzrn ji jr}j azocvEC RNA

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AC Vjl RGfrji}cmc ji ac nvgaac

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rj szjmò }z ujajvn xjvmgmn ji anr lcvjr!AC Vjl RGf

ucvcmn ji ac cvjicAC Vjl,VJ?

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Vjl RGf AC

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MN?L EC?Lxzjmji xcvjbjv ucicajr lgr gir}gi}nr ic}zvcajr

MN?L EC?L

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szj lgr xvnfajlcr rcfjr szj rj aaclci }ðRNA

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xcvc rji}gvlj zi xnszg}n lcr rjozvnEC RNA

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lj mzjaj }ci}n rnrxjbdcvAcl

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lj mzjaj cszja CfvgaMN RNA Acl

bzcimn }j ugLgl EC

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lj uc c jt}vcócv! ca rzrxgvcvMN RNA Acl? RNA

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lj uc c jt}vcócv w rji}gvã!MN RNA Acl? RNA

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vjojvrc xvni}n szj wn in ugun rg in jr xnv }gRgl LG AC AC?

Mnimj jr}crVJ

mj}ji }z uzjan w uzjauj c bcrc izfj ugc`jvcLG? AC

xnv zic rnac mj }zr bcvgbgcr }nmn an mgjvcRgl LG

cziszj unaugjvcr mj izjun c gv}j aj`nr mj lgRgl LG AC

2 6

x x clg x x clg x clg3 6

K KA AA A AA

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