PREPOSITIONS

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PREPOSITIONS

damy

Las preposiciones pueden realizar distintas funciones:

Servir de enlace entre dos palabras o distintos elementos en la oración:

I'll see you at five o'clock / Te veré a las cinco

Pueden acompañar a un verbo sirviendo de enlace a su complemento. En este caso, pueden no alterar el significado del verbo o alterarlo con lo que constituyen una palabra distinta.

To look / Mirar (no altera el significado del verbo) To look after / Cuidar de (se altera el significado del verbo)

Cuando ponemos un verbo después de una preposición, en inglés normalmente se utiliza la forma ' ing' y no el infinitivo. You shouldn’t go to India without visiting the Taj Mahal. No deberías ir a la India sin visitar el Taj Mahal. I’m interested in studying psychology. / Estoy interesado en estudiar psicología.

Las principales preposiciones en inglés son:

about alrededor de, sobre above por encima de

after detrás de, después de among entre (tres o más)

at en, junto a before antes de, delante de

behind detrás de below debajo de

beneath debajo de beside junto a

between entre (dos o más) but excepto, pero

by por, junto a down hacia abajo except excepto for para, por, durante, desde hace

from de, desde in en, dentro de

into en, adentro like como, igual a

near cerca de of de

off de (alejándose), fuera de on en, sobre over por encima de, al otro lado since desde

through a través de throughout por todo

till = until hasta to a, hasta, hacia

under por debajo de up hacia arriba

upon (poniendo) sobre, encima with con without sin

PREPOSITIONS

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POSICIÓN DE LAS PREPOSICIONES

Generalmente, se colocan delante del sustantivo o del pronombre, excepto en los siguientes casos:

a.) Con el pronombre relativo, cuando va seguido de preposición, ésta puede colocarse en la posición final.

The girls I study with / Las muchachas con las que estudio (en lugar de: The girls with whom I study)

b.) En frases interrogativas cuando empiezan por un pronombre interrogativo:

Who were you speaking to? / ¿con quién estabas hablando? (en lugar de: To whom were you speaking?)

LA PREPOSICIÓN Y LA CONTRACCIÓN

La contracción española, es decir, la fusión de una preposición con el artículo definido (al, del) no existen en inglés. Se traducen siempre por la preposición seguida del artículo definido y separado de ella (al = a el) (del = de el):

Tell it to the chairman / Dígaselo al president

PREPOSITIONS

damy

There are hardly any rules as to when to use which preposition. The only way to learn

prepositions is looking them up in a dictionary, reading a lot in English literature and learning

useful phrases off by heart (study tips).

The following examples contain rules for some of the most frequently used prepositions in English:

PREPOSITIONS

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Prepositions – Place (Position and Direction)

English Usage Example

in

- room, building, street, town, country

- book, paper etc.

- car, taxi

- picture, world

in the kitchen, in London

in the book

in the car, in a taxi

in the picture, in the world

at

- meaning next to, by an object

- for table

- for events

- place where you are to do something

typical (watch a film, study, work)

at the door, at the station

at the table

at a concert, at the party

at the cinema, at school, at work

on

- attached

- for a place with a river

- being on a surface

- for a certain side (left, right)

- for a floor in a house

- for public transport

- for television, radio

the picture on the wall

London lies on the Thames.

on the table

on the left

on the first floor

on the bus, on a plane

on TV, on the radio

by,

next to, beside

- left or right of somebody or something

Jane is standing by

/ next to /

beside the car.

under - on the ground, lower than (or covered by)

something else

the bag is under the table

below - lower than something else but above

ground

the fish are below the surface

over

- covered by something else

- meaning more than

- getting to the other side (also across)

- overcoming an obstacle

put a jacket over your shirt

over 16 years of age

walk over the bridge

climb over the wall

above - higher than something else, but not

directly over it

a path above the lake

across - getting to the other side (also over)

- getting to the other side

walk across the bridge

swim across the lake

PREPOSITIONS

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through - something with limits on top, bottom and

the sides

drive through the tunnel

to - movement to person or building

- movement to a place or country

- for bed

go to the cinema

go to London / Ireland

go to bed

into - enter a room / a building go into the kitchen / the house

towards - movement in the direction of something

(but not directly to it)

go 5 steps towards the house

onto - movement to the top of something jump onto the table

from - in the sense of where from a flower from the garden

……… Exercise

PREPOSITIONS

damy

1) She was born 2004.

2) They are waiting the bus.

3) Don't forget to bring some flowers you.

4) I haven't smoked ages.

5) You can look up the word a dictionary.

6) She is allergic insect stings.

7) I'm looking my keys. Have you found them?

8) The song was written Madonna.

9) He likes to travel Spain in summer.

10) The police car chased the robbers the streets.