Laser and its

applications:- MAKING STUDY OF

LASERS EASIER

INTRODUCINGLET’S BEGIN!A QUICK REVISION

Lets get into applications now!

APPLICATIONS

Various

Holography Fibre optics

Engineering

Biological

Various

IN ENGINEERINGA. LASER WELDINGIt is mainly based on the principle of that two metals are placed in contactAnd heated by a laser beam until materials melts and fuse together to form weld!Shielding gas like argon or helium are used!To cover and eliminate oxidation.

B. LASER DRILLING AND MICROMACHININGIn short time the surface of target material can be raised above its boilingPoint. Then the material evaporates. This results into the formation of hole.Generally for drilling (neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet) ND-YAGIs used. Pulse increases the temperature of surface of the target. In short time, thisTemperature is greater than the boiling point of the metal, and hence after evaporation results into the Formation of a hole.Micromachining is based on the principle of vapourization of material as quick as possible resultsInto narrow zone affected by heat which produces a cut. Width of the cut should be small to Avoid rewilding! For cutting brass, copper and aluminium ND-YAG laser is used.

IN BIOLOGYA. Blockage of Coronary Artery

The artery plague leads to the narrowing of artery, which results into passageOf less blood through In it. Various problems are caused to this!The optical fiber transmitting the laser beam is accurately positioned. The Plague is then removed by laser operation, which increases the temperatureAnd results into the vaporization of plague!

B. Plastic surgery.It involves replacing of skin of some part of the body and grafting it at some other parts. For doing the same lasers in yellow portion of visible light spectrum can be used.

C. Eye surgeryIt is the most advanced application of laser in biology!Lasers are used for cutting and cauterizing instruments due to high energy density!High power lasers are used after the cataract surgery if the supportive membrane Surrounding the implanted lens become milky.

Other applicationsA. Electronic distance Measurement.

In measuring the distance between two points electronically, an alternatingSignal travels from one point to the other, it is reflected in some manner andThen is compared with the phase of the original signal to determine the Distance travelled!Depending upon the frequency of carrier wave the EDM instruments canBe classified as follows:- Microwave instruments Visible light instruments Infrared/laser instrumentsCalculating the distance with Formula L=nλ+Φ

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B. Barcode Scanners in Supermarket.Supermarket scanners typically use helium-neon lasers to scan the universal barcodes to identify products.The laser beam bounces off a rotating mirror and scan the code, sending modulated beam to light detector and then to a pc which has the product information!

THAT’S IT!THANK YOU!